CN210406260U - Straw picking, granulating and applying machine - Google Patents
Straw picking, granulating and applying machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN210406260U CN210406260U CN201920651449.2U CN201920651449U CN210406260U CN 210406260 U CN210406260 U CN 210406260U CN 201920651449 U CN201920651449 U CN 201920651449U CN 210406260 U CN210406260 U CN 210406260U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a granulation applying machine is picked up to straw, which comprises a carriage body, the straw reducing mechanism has set gradually after to in the past on the automobile body, straw powder storage optimizes the storehouse, straw granule compression forming device and straw granule storage and applying device, straw reducing mechanism includes straw import and straw transport corridor, straw powder storage optimizes the storehouse and includes straw crushing storehouse warehouse, smash the (mixing) shaft, nutrient solution case and shower nozzle, straw granule storage and applying device include straw granule export and straw granule storehouse warehouse, straw powder storage optimizes and is linked together through straw granule compression forming device between storehouse and straw granule storage and the applying device. The utility model discloses an equipment and method will realize that the straw in field is picked up and the granulation is still field, and is efficient, and is fast, can realize the high-efficient high volume still field of straw fast.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an agricultural machinery technical field, concretely relates to machine is used in granulation is picked up to straw.
Background
The straw returning field is a yield increasing measure for land fertilization which is generally regarded as important in the world at present, not only reduces the atmospheric pollution caused by straw burning, but also increases soil organic matters, improves the soil structure, loosens the soil, increases the porosity, reduces the capacity, promotes the growth of microorganism activity and crop roots, is beneficial to increasing the fertility and increasing the yield of the field, and can generally increase the yield of the field by 5-10%.
However, if the straw is not returned to the field properly, the soil germs are increased, crop diseases are aggravated, and seedlings are lacking or are dead. Present straw returning equipment is picked up the straw, is smashed the back, directly drops into the field, causes soil straw combination degree poor easily, and the hole appears in soil, causes the soil moisture loss, influences the growth of emerging of succeeding crop, also can cause the straw to decay slowly, leads to the nutrient fertilizer that the field after the straw returning can provide can not satisfy the demand that different crops are different to nutrient substance content.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a granulation machine is picked up to straw for the nutrient fertilizer that the field after solving the straw returning field can provide can not satisfy the problem of different crops to the different demands of nutrient content.
The utility model provides a straw picking and granulating applicator, which comprises a vehicle body, wherein a straw crushing device, a straw powder storage optimizing bin, a straw particle compression molding device and a straw particle storage and application device are sequentially arranged on the vehicle body from front to back, the straw crushing device comprises a straw inlet and a straw conveying channel, the straw inlet is arranged at the front end of the vehicle body, and the straw inlet is communicated with the feeding end of the straw conveying channel; the straw powder storage optimizing bin comprises a straw crushing bin storage chamber, a crushing stirring shaft, a nutrient solution box and a spray head, wherein a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are respectively formed in the front end and the rear end of the straw crushing bin storage chamber, the discharge end of the straw conveying channel is communicated with the feed inlet of the straw crushing bin storage chamber, two ends of the crushing stirring shaft are respectively arranged in the middle of the front end and the middle of the rear end of the straw crushing bin storage chamber, a plurality of helical blades are arranged on the crushing stirring shaft at intervals, the nutrient solution box is arranged on the outer side of the top of the straw powder storage optimizing bin, the spray head is arranged on the inner side of the top of the straw powder storage optimizing bin, and the feed inlet of the spray head is communicated with the nutrient solution box; the straw particle storage and application device comprises a straw particle outlet and a straw particle storage chamber, the straw particle storage chamber is arranged at the tail end of the vehicle body, and the straw particle outlet is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the straw particle storage chamber; the straw powder storage optimizing bin is communicated with the straw particle storage and application device through the straw particle compression molding device.
Furthermore, the straw smashing device also comprises a straw sweeping disc, a feeding shovel plate and a plurality of smashing knives, wherein the feeding shovel plate is arranged at the front end of the vehicle body, and the straw inlet is arranged on the feeding shovel plate; the straw sweeping disc is arranged at the straw inlet and is connected with the feeding shovel plate through a lifting arm, and the lifting arm is used for adjusting the height of the straw sweeping disc; and a plurality of crushing knives are arranged in the straw conveying channel at intervals along the axial direction of the straw conveying channel.
Further, the straw transportation channel comprises a vertically-raised channel section and a roof channel section which is horizontally arranged on the roof at the front end of the vehicle body, and the raised channel section is communicated with the roof channel section.
Furthermore, the straw smashing device also comprises a first fan and a second fan, wherein the first fan and the second fan are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the lifting channel section and the roof channel section.
Further, the straw crushing device further comprises a forklift lifting device, and the feeding shovel plate is connected with the vehicle body through the forklift lifting device.
The straw particle storage and application device further comprises a particle stirring shaft and an air pump, a feed inlet of the straw particle storage chamber is communicated with the straw particle compression molding device, a straw particle outlet is formed in the bottom of the rear end of the straw particle storage chamber, two ends of the particle stirring shaft are respectively arranged in the middle of the front end and the rear end of the straw particle storage chamber, and the particle stirring shaft is provided with a plurality of spiral blades at intervals; the air inlet nozzle of the air pump is arranged in the straw particle storage chamber and communicated with the straw particle storage chamber, and the air outlet nozzle of the air pump is arranged outside the straw particle storage chamber and communicated with the atmosphere.
Further, the straw particle compression molding device comprises a hard box body, a negative pressure machine, a layered extrusion die, a heat pump and a third fan,
the layered extrusion die comprises an extrusion inner bin and a sealing leather cover, the extrusion inner bin comprises a plurality of layered dies which are sequentially and closely connected, a granular groove is formed in the inner wall of each layered die, and the sealing leather cover is arranged on the outer wall of the extrusion inner bin; the layered extrusion die is arranged in the hard box body, and the feeding end and the discharging end of the layered extrusion die are respectively communicated with the discharging port of the straw crushing bin storage chamber and the feeding port of the straw particle storage and application device; the layered extrusion die is provided with a wrinkled wrapper next to the skin; a lifting frame is vertically arranged in the hard box body, and two ends of the lifting frame are respectively fixedly connected with the hard box body and the layered extrusion die; the heat pump and the third fan are both arranged at a connecting channel between the straw crushing storage chamber and the straw crushing device, and a hot air outlet of the heat pump is arranged at the inner side of the connecting channel;
the negative pressure machine is arranged on the hard box body and is connected with the extrusion inner bin through a pipeline
Wherein, the microbial inoculum has the functions of promoting straw decomposition, improving soil microbial environment, promoting plant growth and the like; the fertilizer solution can improve the nutrient supply of the straw particles and can also play a part of the role of an adhesive at the same time so as to promote the adhesion molding of the straw particles and optimize the content of the nutrient components of the straw; the heat pump enables adhesives such as starch dilute solution and the like to better play a role, and can promote the surface layer of the crushed straw particles to be pasted, so that the crushed straw particles are easier to form; the layered extrusion die extrudes and crushes straws to be formed in the die and become straw particles, and simultaneously, the layering can also improve the one-step forming quantity of the straw particles.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model discloses a straw import and the straw transport corridor of machine is used in granulation are picked up earlier with the straw between the field or the ground to the straw of straw, smash to refine to carry to straw powder storage in the material passageway after the powder and optimize the storehouse, straw powder storage optimizes the storehouse and can add water, the microbial inoculum, starch thin liquid, the nutrient solution that chemical fertilizer solution etc. have the binder, straw granule compression forming device heating, the compression straw forms the straw granule, the straw granule flows through straw granule export and executes the field, not only effectively improved the farmland quality, the land fertility of fostering and fertility, still reduced the cost of the strange land preparation of high nutrient composition straw greatly. The utility model discloses a straw that equipment will realize the field is picked up and is returned the field with the granulation, and is efficient, and is fast, can realize the high-efficient high volume of straw still field fast.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a straw picking-up and granulating application machine provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of a straw picking-up and pelletizing applicator provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Example 1 provides a straw pick-up and pelleting applicator, the structure of which is described in detail below.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the straw picking-up and granulating applicator comprises an applicator body 100, a cab is arranged at the head of the applicator body 100, four wheels and a first power device are arranged at the bottom of the applicator body 100, a straw crushing device 1, a straw powder storage optimizing bin 2, a straw particle compression molding device 3 and a straw particle storage and application device 4 are sequentially arranged on the applicator body 100 from front to back, and the applicator body 100 is a very mature technology in the prior art and is not described herein again.
The straw smashing device 1 comprises a straw inlet 10, a straw transportation channel 11, a straw sweeping disc 12, a feeding shovel plate 13, a plurality of smashing knives 14, a first fan 15, a second fan 16 and a forklift lifting device 17, wherein the feeding shovel plate 13 is connected with the front end of the vehicle body 100 through the forklift lifting device 17, the straw inlet 10 is arranged on the feeding shovel plate 13, and the straw inlet 10 is communicated with the feeding end of the straw transportation channel 11; the straw sweeping disc 12 is arranged at the straw inlet 10, the straw sweeping disc 12 is connected with the feeding shovel plate 13 through a lifting arm 120, and the lifting arm 120 is used for adjusting the height of the straw sweeping disc 12;
a plurality of crushing knives 14 are arranged in the straw conveying channel 11 at intervals along the axial direction of the straw conveying channel 11; the straw transportation channel 11 comprises a vertically-raised channel section 110 and a roof channel section 1100 which is horizontally arranged at the roof at the front end of the vehicle body 100, and the raised channel section 110 is communicated with the roof channel section 1100; the straw crushing device 1 further comprises a first fan 15 and a second fan 16, wherein the first fan 15 and the second fan 16 are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the lifting channel section 110 and the roof channel section 1100.
Straw powder storage optimizes storehouse 2 and includes straw crushing storehouse storage chamber 21, smash (mixing) shaft 22, nutrient solution case 23 and shower nozzle 24, the front end and the rear end of straw crushing storehouse storage chamber 21 are provided with feed inlet and discharge gate respectively, the discharge end of straw transport passageway 11 is linked together with the feed inlet of straw crushing storehouse storage chamber 21, the both ends of smashing (mixing) shaft 22 set up respectively in the middle part of the front end of straw crushing storehouse storage chamber 21 and rear end, it is provided with a plurality of helical blade to smash the interval on the (mixing) shaft 22, nutrient solution case 23 sets up in the top outside of straw powder storage optimization storehouse 2, shower nozzle 24 sets up in the top inboard of straw powder storage optimization storehouse 2, and the feed inlet and the nutrient solution case 23 of shower nozzle 24 are linked together.
Wherein, water, microbial inoculum, starch dilute solution, fertilizer solution, etc. are stored in the nutrient solution tank 23, the crushed straws are sprayed in through the spray head 24, and are fully stirred, the content of the nutrient components of the straws is optimized, and the nutrient solution tank 23 is filled with nutrient solution which contains starch, and the starch is usually used as a bonding agent, so the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 23 not only has the function of providing nutrition, but also has the function of bonding. Specifically, the microbial inoculum has the effects of promoting straw decomposition, improving soil microbial environment, promoting plant growth and the like; the fertilizer solution can improve the nutrient supply of the straw particles and can also play a part of the role of the adhesive so as to promote the adhesion molding of the straw particles and optimize the content of the nutrient components of the straw.
The straw particle compression molding device 3 comprises a hard box body, a negative pressure machine 31, a layering extrusion die 32, a heat pump 33 and a third fan 34, wherein the layering extrusion die 32 comprises an extrusion inner bin and a sealing leather, the extrusion inner bin comprises a plurality of layering dies which are sequentially and closely connected, a granular groove is arranged on the inner wall of each layering die, and the sealing leather is sleeved on the outer wall of the extrusion inner bin; the layered extrusion die 32 is arranged in the hard box body, and the feeding end and the discharging end of the layered extrusion die 32 are respectively communicated with the discharging port of the straw crushing bin 21 and the feeding port of the straw particle storage and application device 4; the layered extrusion die 32 is provided with a wrinkled wrapper next to the skin, similar to the joint of two carriages of an organ or a long bus, crushed straws are filled in during bulging, straw particles are extruded for molding during compression, bulging and compression are alternately performed, each layer of the layered extrusion die 32 is provided with convex-concave long circular dies which are mutually matched, and the straws are extruded into particles in the long circular dies; a lifting frame 320 is vertically arranged in the hard box body, two ends of the lifting frame 320 are respectively fixedly connected with the hard box body and the layered extrusion die 32, and the lifting frame 320 can play a role in pouring out particles; the heat pump 33 and the third fan 34 are both arranged at the connecting channel between the straw crushing storage chamber 21 and the straw crushing device 1, and the hot air outlet of the heat pump 33 is arranged at the inner side of the connecting channel and is mainly used for enabling the crushed straws to enter the layered extrusion die 32 as required; the negative pressure machine 31 is arranged on the hard box body, and the negative pressure machine 31 is connected with the extrusion inner bin through a pipeline.
Wherein, the heat pump 33 can make the adhesive such as starch dilute solution and the like better play a role, and can promote the surface layer of the crushed straw particles to be pasted, so that the adhesive can better play a role and is easier to form; the layered extrusion die 32 is a multi-layer extrusion die, a batch of straw particles can be produced between two layers, the multi-layer extrusion die is used for producing more straw particles simultaneously to become the straw particles, and meanwhile, the layering can also improve the one-step forming quantity of the straw particles.
The straw particle storage and application device 4 comprises a straw particle outlet 40, a straw particle storage chamber 41, a particle stirring shaft 42 and an air pump 43,
the straw particle storage chamber 41 is arranged at the tail end of the vehicle body 100, a feed inlet of the straw particle storage chamber 41 is communicated with the straw particle compression molding device 3, and the straw particle outlet 40 is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the straw particle storage chamber 41; two ends of the particle stirring shaft 42 are respectively arranged in the middle of the front end and the rear end of the straw particle storage chamber 41, and the particle stirring shaft 42 is provided with a plurality of helical blades at intervals; an air inlet nozzle of the air pump is arranged in the straw particle storage chamber 41 and communicated with the straw particle storage chamber 41, and an air outlet nozzle of the air pump 43 is arranged outside the straw particle storage chamber 41 and communicated with the atmosphere.
The straw picking and granulating application machine also comprises a first power device, a second power device and a third power device, wherein the first power device mainly provides power for vehicle driving, a straw sweeping disc, a straw crushing knife, a straw collecting channel fan and the like; the second power device mainly provides power for the straw powder storage optimizing chamber and the straw particle storage optimizing chamber; the third power device mainly provides power for the straw extrusion forming device and the straw particle compression device.
Example 2
Embodiment 2 provides a use method of the straw picking and granulating application machine provided in embodiment 1, and the use method includes the following steps:
step S1: after crops are harvested, mechanically crushing the straws until the thickness of the straws is 3-15 cm, and spreading the straws on the ground surface;
step S2: the straw crushing device 1 is assembled by using a straw sweeping disc 12, a feeding shovel plate 13, a plurality of crushing knives 14, a first fan 15, a second fan 16 and a forklift lifting device 17; arranging the straw transport passageway 11 as a raised passageway section 110 and a roof passageway section 1100; assembling a straw particle storage chamber 41, a particle stirring shaft 42 and an air pump 43 into a straw particle storage and application device 4; assembling the straw particle compression molding device 3 by using the negative pressure machine 31, the layered extrusion die 32, the heat pump 33 and the third fan 34 to form a straw picking and granulating applicator, and opening the straw picking and granulating applicator into a farmland;
step S3: the straw sweeping disc 12 collects the straws;
under the control of the forklift lifting device 17, the feeding shovel plate 13 is lifted or lowered to shovel the straws;
turning on the first fan 15 and the second fan 16, the straw is sucked into the elevated channel section 110;
the crushing cutter 14 crushes the straws in the lifting channel section into straws with medium fineness;
the straws with medium fineness enter the roof channel section 1100, and are crushed twice by the crushing knife 14 under the action of the second fan 16 to form fine powder straws with the thickness of less than 0.5 cm;
the fine powder straws enter a straw crushing storage chamber 21;
step S4: while the fine powder straws are stirred by the crushing stirring shaft 22, the nutrient solution is sprayed to the fine powder straws by the spray head 24, and the nutrient solution contains a binder;
step S5: under the action of the third fan 34, fine powder straws pass through the straw particle compression molding device 3 to be sucked and move towards the straw particle storage and application device 4;
the heat pump 33 heats the fine powder straw and the adhesive in the nutrient solution to promote the surface layer of the fine powder straw to be pasted and preheat the adhesive;
opening the negative pressure machine 31, continuously sucking air by the negative pressure machine 31, gradually forming vacuum inside the extrusion inner bin of the layered extrusion die 32, sucking the heated fine powder straws into the layered extrusion die 32 from the discharge port of the straw crushing bin storage chamber 21 under the extrusion of external pressure, wrapping the granular grooves and continuously extruding the fine powder straws, gradually flattening the extrusion inner bin, mutually drawing and extruding a plurality of layered dies, and finally extruding the fine powder straws in the granular grooves into straw granules;
step S6: the layered extrusion die 32 is inclined, the air pump 43 is opened, and the straw particles enter the straw particle storage and application device 4;
step S7: the particle stirring shaft 42 rotates to disperse straw particles, and the straw particles flow out through the straw particle outlet 40 and are applied to the field.
Furthermore, the nutrient solution is a mixed liquid of water, microbial inoculum, fertilizer solution and adhesive.
Further, the binder is starch.
Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to the general description and the specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made based on the invention. Therefore, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (7)
1. A straw picking and granulating machine is characterized by comprising a vehicle body (100),
the vehicle body (100) is sequentially provided with a straw crushing device (1), a straw powder storage optimizing bin (2), a straw particle compression molding device (3) and a straw particle storage and application device (4) from front to back,
the straw smashing device (1) comprises a straw inlet (10) and a straw conveying channel (11), the straw inlet (10) is arranged at the front end of the vehicle body (100), and the straw inlet (10) is communicated with the feeding end of the straw conveying channel (11);
the straw powder storage optimizing bin (2) comprises a straw grinding bin storage chamber (21), a grinding stirring shaft (22), a nutrient solution box (23) and a spray head (24), the front end and the rear end of the straw crushing storage chamber (21) are respectively provided with a feeding hole and a discharging hole, the discharge end of the straw conveying channel (11) is communicated with the feed inlet of the straw crushing bin storage chamber (21), the two ends of the crushing stirring shaft (22) are respectively arranged in the middle of the front end and the rear end of the straw crushing storage chamber (21), a plurality of helical blades are arranged on the crushing stirring shaft (22) at intervals, the nutrient solution box (23) is arranged at the outer side of the top of the straw powder storage optimizing bin (2), the spray head (24) is arranged at the inner side of the top of the straw powder storage optimizing bin (2), and the feed inlet of the spray head (24) is communicated with the nutrient solution box (23);
the straw particle storage and application device (4) comprises a straw particle outlet (40) and a straw particle storage chamber (41), the straw particle storage chamber (41) is arranged at the tail end of the vehicle body (100), and the straw particle outlet (40) is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the straw particle storage chamber (41);
the straw powder storage optimizing bin (2) is communicated with the straw particle storage and application device (4) through the straw particle compression molding device (3).
2. The straw pick-up and granulation applicator of claim 1,
the straw smashing device (1) also comprises a straw sweeping disc (12), a feeding shovel plate (13) and a plurality of smashing knives (14),
the feeding shovel plate (13) is arranged at the front end of the vehicle body (100), and the straw inlet (10) is arranged on the feeding shovel plate (13);
the straw sweeping disc (12) is arranged at the straw inlet (10), and the straw sweeping disc (12) is connected with the feeding shovel plate (13) through a lifting arm (120);
a plurality of crushing knives (14) are arranged in the straw conveying channel (11) at intervals along the axial direction of the straw conveying channel (11).
3. The straw pick-up and granulation applicator of claim 1,
the straw transportation channel (11) comprises a vertically-raised channel section (110) and a roof channel section (1100) which is horizontally arranged on the roof at the front end of the vehicle body (100), and the raised channel section (110) is communicated with the roof channel section (1100).
4. The straw pick-up and granulation applicator as defined in claim 3,
the straw smashing device (1) further comprises a first fan (15) and a second fan (16), wherein the first fan (15) and the second fan (16) are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the lifting channel section (110) and the roof channel section (1100).
5. The straw pick-up and granulation applicator of claim 2,
the straw smashing device (1) further comprises a forklift lifting device (17), and the feeding shovel plate (13) is connected with the vehicle body (100) through the forklift lifting device (17).
6. The straw pick-up and granulation applicator of claim 1,
the straw particle storage and application device (4) also comprises a particle stirring shaft (42) and an air pump (43),
a feed inlet of the straw particle storage chamber (41) is communicated with the straw particle compression molding device (3), a straw particle outlet (40) is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the straw particle storage chamber (41),
two ends of the particle stirring shaft (42) are respectively arranged in the middle of the front end and the rear end of the straw particle storage chamber (41), and the particle stirring shaft (42) is provided with a plurality of helical blades at intervals;
an air inlet nozzle of the air pump is arranged in the straw particle storage chamber (41) and communicated with the straw particle storage chamber (41), and an air outlet nozzle of the air pump (43) is arranged outside the straw particle storage chamber (41) and communicated with the atmosphere.
7. The straw pick-up and granulation applicator of claim 1,
the straw particle compression molding device (3) comprises a hard box body, a negative pressure machine (31), a layered extrusion die (32), a heat pump (33) and a third fan (34),
the layered extrusion die (32) comprises an extrusion inner bin and a sealing leather sleeve, the extrusion inner bin comprises a plurality of layered dies which are sequentially and closely connected, a granular groove is formed in the inner wall of each layered die, and the sealing leather sleeve is arranged on the outer wall of the extrusion inner bin;
the layered extrusion die (32) is arranged in the hard box body, and the feeding end and the discharging end of the layered extrusion die (32) are respectively communicated with the discharging port of the straw crushing bin storage chamber (21) and the feeding port of the straw particle storage and application device (4); the layered extrusion die (32) is provided with a wrinkled wrapper next to the skin; a lifting frame (320) is vertically arranged in the hard box body, and two ends of the lifting frame (320) are respectively fixedly connected with the hard box body and the layered extrusion die (32);
the heat pump (33) and the third fan (34) are both arranged at a connecting channel of the straw crushing storage chamber (21) and the straw crushing device (1), and a hot air outlet of the heat pump (33) is arranged at the inner side of the connecting channel;
the negative pressure machine (31) is arranged on the hard box body, and the negative pressure machine (31) is connected with the extrusion inner bin through a pipeline.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920651449.2U CN210406260U (en) | 2019-05-08 | 2019-05-08 | Straw picking, granulating and applying machine |
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| CN201920651449.2U CN210406260U (en) | 2019-05-08 | 2019-05-08 | Straw picking, granulating and applying machine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110024568A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-07-19 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of straw field pickup is granulated application machine and its application method |
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2019
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110024568A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-07-19 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of straw field pickup is granulated application machine and its application method |
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