CN210380651U - Power supply protection circuit and alternating current-direct current power supply conversion circuit - Google Patents
Power supply protection circuit and alternating current-direct current power supply conversion circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN210380651U CN210380651U CN201921210570.8U CN201921210570U CN210380651U CN 210380651 U CN210380651 U CN 210380651U CN 201921210570 U CN201921210570 U CN 201921210570U CN 210380651 U CN210380651 U CN 210380651U
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Abstract
The application is applicable to the technical field of electronics, and provides a power supply protection circuit and an alternating current-direct current power supply conversion circuit, wherein the power supply protection circuit comprises a power supply interface, an input interface, a drain electrode interface, a source electrode interface, a switching tube and a logic unit; the drain electrode of the switching tube is connected with the drain electrode interface, the source electrode of the switching tube is connected with the source electrode interface, and the grid electrode of the switching tube is connected with the output end of the logic unit; the input end of the logic unit is connected with the input interface, the power supply end of the logic unit is connected with the power supply interface, and the ground end of the logic unit is connected with the source electrode interface; the sampling circuit is used for receiving sampling voltage through the input interface, and controlling the switching tube to be disconnected when the sampling voltage is smaller than a second reference voltage or the sampling voltage is larger than a third reference voltage; and when the sampling voltage is greater than the first reference voltage and less than the third reference voltage, controlling the switch tube to be conducted. The problem of thermistor all the time the big loss of series connection in power supply circuit is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the electron, especially, relate to a power protection circuit and alternating current-direct current power supply converting circuit.
Background
When the switching power supply is started, the capacitor at the input end of the power supply is in a zero-voltage state, the equivalent resistance of the capacitor is very small, the charging current of the capacitor is very large and is equivalent to the short-circuit current, and starting surge is formed. The startup surge can damage devices in the circuit and shorten the working life of the power supply. To limit the power-on surge, a protection circuit is usually designed in the input circuit.
Referring to fig. 1, a thermistor (NTC) is used to limit the power-on inrush current at the power input. The circuit has the disadvantages that when the thermistor (NTC) is repeatedly switched on and off, the resistance is reduced along with the rise of the temperature, the startup surge cannot be limited, and the thermistor is always connected in series in a power supply circuit, so that the loss of the power supply circuit is increased.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a power protection circuit and an ac/dc power conversion circuit to solve the problem that the thermistor is connected in series in the power circuit all the time and has a large loss.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a power protection circuit, including a power supply interface, an input interface, a drain interface, a source interface, a switch tube, and a logic unit;
the drain electrode of the switching tube is connected with the drain electrode interface, the source electrode of the switching tube is connected with the source electrode interface, and the grid electrode of the switching tube is connected with the output end of the logic unit;
the input end of the logic unit is connected with the input interface, the power supply end of the logic unit is connected with the power supply interface, and the ground end of the logic unit is connected with the source electrode interface; the input interface is used for receiving a sampling voltage, and when the sampling voltage is smaller than a second reference voltage or larger than a third reference voltage, the switching tube is controlled to be switched off; and when the sampling voltage is greater than the first reference voltage and less than the third reference voltage, controlling the switch tube to be conducted.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an ac/dc power conversion circuit, which includes an ac voltage positive input terminal, an ac voltage negative input terminal, a dc voltage output terminal, a reference ground terminal, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a second capacitor, a rectifier bridge composed of four diodes, and the power protection circuit;
the first input end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the positive alternating voltage input end, the second input end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the negative alternating voltage input end, the first output end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the direct-current voltage output end, and the second output end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the reference ground end;
the first resistor and the second resistor are connected in series between the direct-current voltage output end and the reference ground end and are used for dividing the voltage of the direct-current voltage output end to obtain a sampling voltage;
one end of the third resistor is connected with the reference ground end, and the other end of the third resistor is connected with one end of the second capacitor;
the other end of the second capacitor is connected with the direct-current voltage output end;
the power supply interface of the power supply protection circuit is connected with a direct-current power supply, the input interface of the power supply protection circuit is connected with the common end connected with the first resistor and the second resistor, the drain interface of the power supply protection circuit is connected with the common end of the second capacitor and the third resistor, and the source interface of the power supply protection circuit is connected with the reference ground end; the protection circuit is used for monitoring the sampling voltage, and disconnecting a drain electrode interface and a source electrode interface of the protection circuit when the sampling voltage is smaller than a second reference voltage or the sampling voltage is larger than a third reference voltage, so that a third resistor is connected with a second capacitor in series; and when the sampling voltage is greater than the first reference voltage and less than the third reference voltage, communicating a drain interface and a source interface of the protection circuit, thereby short-circuiting the third resistor.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme:
the utility model discloses a power protection circuit, during the use, power protection circuit concatenates in power circuit, the sampling circuit among power protection circuit's the input interface connection power circuit, the resistance both ends that can play the protection power circuit effect are connected respectively to the source electrode and the drain electrode of switch tube, logic unit receives sampling voltage through input interface, through with sampling voltage respectively with first reference voltage, second reference voltage and third reference voltage carry out the comparison, control switch tube switches on or breaks off. When the switching tube is in a conducting state, the resistor is short-circuited, the normal work of the power supply circuit is not influenced by the resistor, and the loss of the power supply circuit is reduced; when the switch tube is in an off state, the resistor plays a role of protecting a circuit in the power circuit.
The utility model discloses an alternating current-direct current power supply converting circuit, power protection circuit receive the sampling voltage of sampling circuit output to carry out the comparison with first reference voltage, second reference voltage and third reference voltage respectively with the sampling voltage, control switch tube switch on or break off, during normal work, the switch tube is in the on-state, and the third resistance is short-circuited; when starting surge or overvoltage exists, the switching tube is in a disconnected state, and the third resistor plays a role of a current-limiting protection circuit. The alternating current-direct current power supply conversion circuit solves the defect that the thermistor is always connected in series in the power supply circuit, so that the loss of the power supply circuit is increased.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a power circuit diagram of thermistor protection provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a power protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of an ac/dc power conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of an ac/dc power conversion circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of an ac/dc power conversion circuit according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 100. and a logic unit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts shall belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this invention and the above-described drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, or system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
As shown in fig. 2, the power protection circuit IC1 includes a power supply interface VCC, an input interface Vin, a drain interface D, a source interface S, a switch Q1, and a logic unit 100; a switching tube Q1, the drain of which is connected to the drain interface D, the source of which is connected to the source interface S, and the gate of which is connected to the output terminal of the logic unit 100; the input end of the logic unit 100 is connected with the input interface Vin, the power supply end of the logic unit is connected with the power supply interface VCC, and the ground end of the logic unit is connected with the source interface S; the voltage sampling circuit is used for receiving sampling voltage through the input interface Vin, and controlling the switching tube Q1 to be switched off when the sampling voltage is smaller than a second reference voltage or the sampling voltage is larger than a third reference voltage; when the sampling voltage is greater than the first reference voltage and less than the third reference voltage, the switching tube Q1 is controlled to be turned on. The second reference voltage is smaller than the first reference voltage, and the first reference voltage is smaller than the third reference voltage.
When the power supply protection circuit is used, the power supply protection circuit IC1 is connected in the alternating current-direct current power supply conversion circuit, the input interface Vin of the power supply protection circuit IC1 is connected with the sampling voltage of the direct current output voltage in the alternating current-direct current power supply conversion circuit, the source electrode and the drain electrode of the switch tube Q1 are respectively connected with two ends of a resistor which can play a role in protecting the power supply circuit, the logic unit 100 receives the sampling voltage through the input interface Vin, and the sampling voltage is respectively compared with the first reference voltage, the second reference voltage and the third reference voltage to control the on-off of the switch tube Q1. When the switching tube Q1 is in a conducting state, the resistor is short-circuited, the normal work of the power supply circuit is not influenced by the resistor, and the loss of the power supply circuit is reduced; when the switching tube Q1 is in the off state, the resistor plays a role of protecting the circuit in the power circuit, and carries transient overvoltage.
In one embodiment, the logic unit 100 includes a first comparator U1, a second comparator U2, a third comparator U3, an RS flip-flop U4, and gate U5; a first comparator U1 for comparing the sampling voltage with a first reference voltage and outputting a first comparison signal; a second comparator U2 for comparing the sampled voltage with a second reference voltage and outputting a second comparison signal; a third comparator U3 for comparing the sampled voltage with a third reference voltage and outputting a third comparison signal; the RS trigger U4 is used for receiving the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal and outputting a latch signal; an and gate U5 for performing and logic on the latch signal and the third comparison signal, and outputting a control signal; and the switching tube Q1 is used for switching on or off according to the control signal.
When the sampling voltage is greater than the first reference voltage and less than the third reference voltage, the switching tube Q1 is in a conducting state, the resistor is in short circuit, and the resistor does not influence the normal work of the power supply circuit; when the sampling voltage is smaller than the second reference voltage or the sampling voltage is larger than the third reference voltage, the switching tube Q1 is in a disconnected state, and the resistor is connected in series in the power circuit to play a role in protecting the circuit. The first reference voltage, the second reference voltage and the third reference voltage can be designed according to actual needs, and can be obtained by the first reference circuit V1, the second reference circuit V2 and the third reference circuit V3, or obtained by dividing one reference voltage, so as to meet the logic requirements of the circuit.
In one embodiment, the logic unit 100 further comprises a driver connected in series between the and gate U5 and the gate of the switch Q1 for increasing the driving of the control signal of the switch Q1. The input end of the driver is connected with the output end of the AND gate U5, the output end of the driver is connected with the grid of the switch tube Q1, one power supply end of the driver is connected with the power supply interface VCC, and the other power supply end is grounded. The power supply interface VCC is connected with a DC power supply, and the DC power supply provides electric energy for the driver. The dc power supply is provided for other modules in the ac-dc power conversion circuit, and is not limited herein.
As shown in fig. 3, the ac/dc power conversion circuit includes an ac voltage positive input terminal, an ac voltage negative input terminal, a dc voltage output terminal, a ground reference terminal, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a second capacitor C2, a rectifier bridge composed of four diodes, and the power protection circuit IC 1;
a first input end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the positive input end of the alternating voltage, a second input end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the negative input end of the alternating voltage, a first output end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the output end of the direct voltage, and a second output end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the reference ground end;
in one embodiment, the rectifier bridge includes a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, and a fourth diode D4, an anode of the first diode D1 and an anode of the second diode D2 are both connected to a ground reference, a cathode of the third diode D3 and a cathode of the fourth diode D4 are both connected to a dc voltage output terminal, a cathode of the first diode D1 and an anode of the third diode D3 are both connected to an ac voltage positive input terminal or an ac voltage negative input terminal, and a cathode of the second diode D2 and an anode of the fourth diode D4 are both connected to an ac voltage negative input terminal or an ac voltage positive input terminal. The four diodes form a rectifier bridge which can convert alternating current into direct current.
In one embodiment, the ac-dc power conversion circuit further includes a first capacitor C1 connected in series between the positive ac voltage input terminal and the positive ac voltage input terminal.
The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected in series between the direct-current voltage output end and the reference ground end and are used for dividing the voltage of the direct-current voltage output end to obtain a sampling voltage;
a third resistor R3, one end of which is connected to the ground reference terminal and the other end of which is connected to one end of the second capacitor C2;
a second capacitor C2, the other end of which is connected to the dc voltage output terminal;
the power supply interface VCC of the power supply protection circuit IC1 is connected with a direct-current power supply, the input interface Vin of the power supply protection circuit IC1 is connected with the common end connected with the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, the drain interface D of the power supply protection circuit IC1 is connected with the common end connected with the second capacitor C2 and the third resistor R3, and the source interface S of the power supply protection circuit IC1 is connected with the reference ground end; the protection circuit is used for monitoring the sampling voltage, and disconnecting the drain interface D and the source interface S of the protection circuit when the sampling voltage is less than the second reference voltage or the sampling voltage is greater than the third reference voltage, so that the third resistor R3 is connected with the second capacitor C2 in series; when the sampling voltage is greater than the first reference voltage and less than the third reference voltage, the drain interface D and the source interface S of the protection circuit are connected, thereby short-circuiting the third resistor R3.
The rectifier bridge converts input alternating current into direct current, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 divide the voltage output by the direct current voltage output end VOUT to obtain a sampling voltage, the power supply protection circuit IC1 receives the sampling voltage, the sampling voltage is compared with a second reference voltage, a first reference voltage and a third reference voltage respectively, the on-off of the switch tube Q1 is controlled, and when the switch tube Q1 is switched on, the third resistor R3 is short-circuited; when the switching tube Q1 is turned off, the third resistor R3 and the second capacitor C2 are connected in series between the dc voltage output terminal VOUT and the reference ground, and the third resistor R3 plays a role of limiting current and protecting the post-stage circuit and the second capacitor C2.
As shown in fig. 4, the ac/DC power conversion circuit further includes a DC/DC conversion circuit for converting a higher DC voltage output from the DC voltage output terminal VOUT into a lower DC voltage, and the DC/DC conversion circuit includes a power supply port and a ground port, the power supply port is connected to the DC voltage output terminal VOUT, and the ground port is connected to the reference ground.
The circuit has the following functions of startup surge protection:
(1) when the power supply is started, surge current exists, the voltage output by a direct-current voltage output end VOUT is almost zero, the sampling voltage received by a power supply protection circuit IC1 is smaller than a second reference voltage, an RS trigger U4 outputs low level, a switch tube Q1 of the power supply protection circuit IC1 is controlled to be disconnected through a driver Drive, at the moment, a third resistor R3 and a second capacitor C2 are connected in the circuit in series, and the third resistor R3 limits the charging current of the second capacitor C2 to protect a rear-stage circuit.
(2) When the charging is carried out to a certain stage, the surge current is greatly reduced, the sampling voltage received by the power supply protection circuit IC1 is between the first reference voltage and the third reference voltage, the RS trigger U4 outputs low level, the switching tube Q1 of the power supply protection circuit IC1 is controlled to be conducted through the driver Drive, the third resistor R3 is in short circuit, and the startup surge current limiting is finished.
As shown in fig. 5, the ac/DC power conversion circuit further includes a DC/DC conversion circuit for converting a higher DC voltage output from the DC voltage output terminal VOUT into a lower DC voltage, and the DC/DC conversion circuit includes a power supply port connected to the DC voltage output terminal VOUT and a ground port connected to a common terminal of the second capacitor C2 and the third resistor R3.
The circuit has the functions of startup surge protection and overvoltage protection:
(1) when the power supply is started, surge current exists, the voltage output by a direct-current voltage output end VOUT is almost zero, the sampling voltage received by a power supply protection circuit IC1 is smaller than a second reference voltage, an RS trigger U4 outputs low level, a switch tube Q1 of the power supply protection circuit IC1 is controlled to be disconnected through a driver Drive, at the moment, a third resistor R3 and a second capacitor C2 are connected in the circuit in series, and the third resistor R3 limits the charging current of the second capacitor C2 to protect a rear-stage circuit.
(2) When the charging is carried out to a certain stage, the surge current is greatly reduced, the sampling voltage received by the power supply protection circuit IC1 is between the first reference voltage and the third reference voltage, the RS trigger U4 outputs low level, the switching tube Q1 of the power supply protection circuit IC1 is controlled to be conducted through the driver Drive, the third resistor R3 is in short circuit, and the startup surge current limiting is finished.
(3) When the voltage output by the direct-current voltage output end VOUT continues to rise along with the input overvoltage pulse, the overvoltage pulse occurs, at this time, the sampling voltage received by the power supply protection circuit IC1 is greater than the third reference voltage, the third comparator U3 outputs a low level, the and gate U5 outputs a low level, the switching tube Q1 of the power supply protection circuit IC1 is controlled to be disconnected through the driver, and the third resistor R3 is connected in series between the reference ground (input ground) and the ground of the DC/DC conversion circuit (the ground of the DC/DC conversion circuit is the output ground), so as to limit the amplitude of the overvoltage pulse and protect the rear-stage circuit.
(4) When the overvoltage pulse is over, the sampling voltage received by the power protection circuit IC1 is between the first reference voltage and the third reference voltage, and the step (2) is returned to continue the overvoltage protection.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A power supply protection circuit is characterized by comprising a power supply interface, an input interface, a drain electrode interface, a source electrode interface, a switch tube and a logic unit;
the drain electrode of the switching tube is connected with the drain electrode interface, the source electrode of the switching tube is connected with the source electrode interface, and the grid electrode of the switching tube is connected with the output end of the logic unit;
the input end of the logic unit is connected with the input interface, the power supply end of the logic unit is connected with the power supply interface, and the ground end of the logic unit is connected with the source electrode interface; the input interface is used for receiving a sampling voltage, and when the sampling voltage is smaller than a second reference voltage or larger than a third reference voltage, the switching tube is controlled to be switched off; and when the sampling voltage is greater than the first reference voltage and less than the third reference voltage, controlling the switch tube to be conducted.
2. The power protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the logic unit comprises a first comparator, a second comparator, a third comparator, an RS flip-flop, and a gate;
the first comparator is used for comparing the sampling voltage with the first reference voltage and outputting a first comparison signal;
the second comparator is used for comparing the sampling voltage with the second reference voltage and outputting a second comparison signal;
the third comparator is used for comparing the sampling voltage with the third reference voltage and outputting a third comparison signal;
the RS trigger is used for receiving the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal and outputting a latch signal;
the AND gate is used for executing AND logic on the latching signal and the third comparison signal and outputting a control signal;
and the switching tube is used for switching on or off according to the control signal.
3. The power protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the logic unit further comprises a driver, and the driver is connected in series between the and gate and the gate of the switching tube, and is configured to add driving to the control signal of the switching tube.
4. The power protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the second reference voltage is less than the first reference voltage, and wherein the first reference voltage is less than the third reference voltage.
5. An AC/DC power conversion circuit, comprising an AC voltage positive input terminal, an AC voltage negative input terminal, a DC voltage output terminal, a reference ground terminal, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a second capacitor, a rectifier bridge composed of four diodes, and a power protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
the first input end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the positive alternating voltage input end, the second input end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the negative alternating voltage input end, the first output end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the direct-current voltage output end, and the second output end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the reference ground end;
the first resistor and the second resistor are connected in series between the direct-current voltage output end and the reference ground end and are used for dividing the voltage of the direct-current voltage output end to obtain a sampling voltage;
one end of the third resistor is connected with the reference ground end, and the other end of the third resistor is connected with one end of the second capacitor;
the other end of the second capacitor is connected with the direct-current voltage output end;
the power supply interface of the power supply protection circuit is connected with a direct-current power supply, the input interface of the power supply protection circuit is connected with the common end connected with the first resistor and the second resistor, the drain interface of the power supply protection circuit is connected with the common end of the second capacitor and the third resistor, and the source interface of the power supply protection circuit is connected with the reference ground end; the protection circuit is used for monitoring the sampling voltage, and disconnecting a drain electrode interface and a source electrode interface of the protection circuit when the sampling voltage is smaller than a second reference voltage or the sampling voltage is larger than a third reference voltage, so that a third resistor is connected with a second capacitor in series; and when the sampling voltage is greater than the first reference voltage and less than the third reference voltage, communicating a drain interface and a source interface of the protection circuit, thereby short-circuiting the third resistor.
6. The AC-DC power conversion circuit of claim 5, further comprising a DC/DC conversion circuit for converting a higher DC voltage output from said DC voltage output terminal to a lower DC voltage, said DC/DC conversion circuit comprising a power supply port and a ground port, wherein the power supply port is connected to said DC voltage output terminal, and the ground port is connected to said ground reference terminal.
7. The ac-DC power conversion circuit according to claim 5, further comprising a DC/DC conversion circuit for converting a higher DC voltage outputted from the DC voltage output terminal into a lower DC voltage, wherein the DC/DC conversion circuit comprises a power supply port and a ground port, the power supply port is connected to the DC voltage output terminal, and the ground port is connected to a common terminal of the second capacitor and the third resistor.
8. The AC-DC power conversion circuit of claim 5, wherein the rectifier bridge comprises a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, and a fourth diode;
the anode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode are both connected with the reference ground end, and the cathode of the third diode and the cathode of the fourth diode are both connected with the direct-current voltage output end;
the cathode of the first diode and the anode of the third diode are both connected with the positive input end of the alternating voltage or the negative input end of the alternating voltage, and the cathode of the second diode and the anode of the fourth diode are both connected with the negative input end of the alternating voltage or the positive input end of the alternating voltage.
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| CN201921210570.8U CN210380651U (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | Power supply protection circuit and alternating current-direct current power supply conversion circuit |
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| CN201921210570.8U CN210380651U (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | Power supply protection circuit and alternating current-direct current power supply conversion circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110445402A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-12 | 深圳市航嘉驰源电气股份有限公司 | Active diode circuit and ac-dc power conversion circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110445402A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-12 | 深圳市航嘉驰源电气股份有限公司 | Active diode circuit and ac-dc power conversion circuit |
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