CN210350866U - Wireless power transmission system using steel rail as transmission medium - Google Patents
Wireless power transmission system using steel rail as transmission medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN210350866U CN210350866U CN201921262843.3U CN201921262843U CN210350866U CN 210350866 U CN210350866 U CN 210350866U CN 201921262843 U CN201921262843 U CN 201921262843U CN 210350866 U CN210350866 U CN 210350866U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an utilize rail as transmission medium's wireless power transmission system, include: the frequency-adjustable pulse excitation power supply is arranged in a railway block area and used for generating pulse excitation voltage, transmitting the generated pulse excitation voltage to the steel rail and generating an alternating magnetic field on the steel rail by the pulse excitation voltage; the electric energy receiving device is arranged along the steel rail of the railway block area and used for acquiring the energy of the alternating magnetic field, generating induced electromotive force, rectifying the induced electromotive force and storing the electric energy of the rectified voltage. The wireless power transmission system using the steel rail as the transmission medium realizes long-distance transmission of power, provides a power supply scheme free from being influenced by the surrounding environment for the sensor nodes in the wireless transmission network arranged along the railway, ensures stable operation of the wireless transmission network, and has high practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a track traffic device field, in particular to utilize wireless power transmission system of rail for transmission medium.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of rail transit in China, the demands for detection of safety states of infrastructure on a driving line, such as bridges, tunnels, road beds, rails and the like, detection of surrounding environments of the driving line, such as wind speed, wind volume and rainfall snow depth, detection of landslides, foreign matter invasion boundaries, peripheral invasion and the like on two sides of the driving line are increasingly strong. With the gradual maturity of wireless sensor network technology, it has become possible to solve the above-mentioned needs, but the problem of power supply of the sensing node in practical application gradually becomes prominent. Therefore, energy supply modes and measures which can stably supply energy to the sensor nodes for a long time and are suitable for complex environments along the railway are urgent needs nowadays.
The power supply of the sensing detection system used at present is generally divided into several modes such as a power grid, environmental energy (photovoltaic, wind power), a battery and the like. These power supply methods have respective use limitations:
(1) the power supply of the power grid is only suitable for specific places (nearby power grid access points), and the condition of a small number of sensor nodes is not suitable for any place along the railway to arrange any number of sensor nodes.
(2) Environmental energy powering is not suitable for near-rail or under-rail arrangements due to the dependence on the surrounding environment.
(3) Battery power is the most convenient and feasible scheme at present, but the defects of rapid capacity decay at low temperature, huge workload for replacing batteries at later period and the like exist.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the technical problem, the utility model provides a long distance transmission of electric energy provides the power supply scheme that does not receive the surrounding environment influence for the sensor node among the wireless transmission network that the railway arranged along the line, has ensured the wireless power transmission system who utilizes the rail as transmission medium of wireless transmission network's steady operation.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who takes is: provided is a wireless power transmission system using a steel rail as a transmission medium, including:
the frequency-adjustable pulse excitation power supply is arranged in a railway block area and used for generating pulse excitation voltage, transmitting the generated pulse excitation voltage to the steel rail and generating an alternating magnetic field on the steel rail by the pulse excitation voltage;
the electric energy receiving device is arranged along the steel rail of the railway block area and used for acquiring the energy of the alternating magnetic field, generating induced electromotive force, rectifying the induced electromotive force and storing the electric energy of the rectified voltage.
The utility model provides an utilize wireless power transmission system of rail as transmission medium sets up in every railway block area, and adjustable frequency pulse excitation power supply sets up the one end in railway block area, converts external power supply into pulse excitation voltage to transmit to the rail in the railway block area, pulse excitation voltage produces alternating magnetic field on the rail; the electric energy receiving device is at least 1 and is arranged along the steel rail in the railway block area, the obtained energy of the alternating magnetic field on the steel rail is converted into induced electromotive force, the converted induced electromotive force is rectified, and the electric energy of the rectified voltage is stored. The wireless power transmission system using the steel rail as the transmission medium realizes long-distance transmission of power, provides a power supply scheme free from being influenced by the surrounding environment for the sensor nodes in the wireless transmission network arranged along the railway, ensures stable operation of the wireless transmission network, and has high practicability.
The wireless power transmission method with the steel rail as the transmission medium comprises the following steps:
the frequency-adjustable pulse excitation power supply generates pulse excitation voltage and transmits the generated pulse excitation voltage to the steel rail in the railway block area;
the pulse excitation voltage generates an alternating magnetic field on the steel rail;
and the electric energy receiving device arranged along the steel rail of the railway block area acquires the energy of the alternating magnetic field to generate induced electromotive force, rectifies the induced electromotive force and stores the electric energy of the rectified voltage.
The utility model provides an adjustable frequency pulse excitation power supply in the wireless electric energy transmission method with the steel rail as the transmission medium is arranged in each railway block area and is positioned at one end of the railway block area, and is used for converting an external power supply into pulse excitation voltage and transmitting the pulse excitation voltage to the steel rail in the railway block area, and the pulse excitation voltage generates an alternating magnetic field on the steel rail; the electric energy receiving devices are arranged along the steel rail in the railway block area and used for converting the acquired energy of the alternating magnetic field on the steel rail into induced electromotive force, rectifying the converted induced electromotive force and storing the electric energy of the rectified voltage. The wireless power transmission method with the steel rail as the transmission medium realizes long-distance transmission of power, provides a power supply scheme free from being influenced by the surrounding environment for the sensor nodes in the wireless transmission network arranged along the railway, ensures stable operation of the wireless transmission network, and has high practicability.
Drawings
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless power transmission system using a steel rail as a transmission medium according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the pulse current generator of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the power receiving device of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a wireless power transmission method using a steel rail as a transmission medium according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow diagram of the pulse excitation voltage generation of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic flow diagram of the induced electromotive force generation in fig. 4.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, the examples given are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the utility model provides an utilize rail as transmission medium's wireless power transmission system includes:
the frequency-adjustable pulse excitation power supply is arranged in a railway block area and used for generating pulse excitation voltage, transmitting the generated pulse excitation voltage to the steel rail 4, and generating an alternating magnetic field on the steel rail 4 by the pulse excitation voltage;
wherein: the frequency-adjustable pulse excitation power supply can be a self-contained power supply or an external power supply, the steel rail 4 is used as an electric conductor, the steel rail 4 is a conductive loop, pulse excitation voltage is transmitted to the steel rail 4 and then pulse excitation current with the same frequency can be generated on the steel rail 4, and after the pulse excitation current passes through the steel rail 4, an alternating magnetic field can be generated on the steel rail 4;
and the electric energy receiving device 9 is arranged along the steel rail 4 of the railway block area and used for acquiring the energy of the alternating magnetic field, generating induced electromotive force, rectifying the induced electromotive force and storing the electric energy of the rectified voltage.
The electric energy receiving device 9 obtains the energy of the alternating magnetic field by adopting a magnetic induction coupling mode, realizes short-distance energy transfer by utilizing a Faraday electromagnetic induction principle, generates a magnetic field with the strength and the direction changed around the steel rail 4 by pulse excitation current, and generates induced electromotive force at two ends of the coil when alternating magnetic lines of force cut an inductance coil of the energy receiving device.
The pulse excitation current flows through the rail 4, the current is mainly transmitted on the surface of the rail top and the rail bottom due to the skin effect, the distribution of the magnetic field intensity generated around the rail 4 is related to the current distribution, and the magnetic field intensity is maximum in the space close to the rail bottom and the rail top. Due to the fact that the rail top needs to pass through a train, installation of the electric energy receiving device 9 is not convenient, and the electric energy receiving device 9 is arranged at the bottom of the rail and can obtain the maximum magnetic field energy.
As an implementation mode, the frequency-adjustable pulse excitation power supply comprises:
the pulse current generator 1 is positioned at one end of a railway block area and used for converting an external voltage into a pulse excitation voltage with a preset frequency;
the impedance matching circuit 2 is electrically connected with the pulse current generator 1, the steel rail 4 through a first steel rail connecting cable 3, is grounded through a first grounding device 8, is used for transmitting the received pulse excitation voltage to the steel rail 4, balances the inductive reactance generated by the pulse excitation voltage in the steel rail 4 and ensures that a transmission loop is a pure resistive load;
the pulse current generator 1 and the impedance matching circuit 2 are arranged on the side of a railway signal transmitter, pulse excitation current is connected to a steel rail 4 from the connection part of a railway signal and the steel rail 4, and the reflux device 6 is arranged on the side of a railway signal receiver and is not more than 1km away from an excitation power supply;
the steel rail 4 is placed on the sleeper 10, so that the contact between the steel rail and the ground can be avoided, the length of the steel rail 4 in a railway block section is 600-1000 m, and pulse excitation current above 3000Hz can generate larger inductive reactance in the steel rail 4, so that an impedance matching circuit 2 is needed to balance the inductive reactance in the steel rail 4, and a transmission loop is ensured to be a pure resistive load;
and the reflux device 6 is electrically connected with the steel rail 4 through a second steel rail connecting cable 5, is grounded through a first grounding device 7, is used for receiving the pulse current which is transmitted by the steel rail 4 and accords with the preset frequency, and forms a transmission loop with the steel rail 4, the ground and the impedance matching circuit 2.
The transmission loop consisting of the reflux device 6, the steel rail 4, the impedance matching circuit 2 and the ground facilitates the transmission of the pulse excitation current on the steel rail 4, and ensures the generation of an alternating magnetic field and induced electromotive force. Furthermore, the preset frequency of the pulse excitation current is 3000 HZ-4000 HZ, and is the same as the frequency of the pulse excitation voltage, so that the interference generated among signals with carrier frequencies of 1700Hz, 2000Hz, 2300Hz and 2600Hz adopted by the railway frequency shift track circuit is avoided. In order to better ensure the circulation of the transmission loop, the return device 6 is selected from a high-pass filter capable of isolating the current with the frequency less than 3000 HZ. Wherein: a high-pass filter is a combination of devices such as a capacitor, an inductor, and a resistor, which allows a signal component having a frequency higher than a certain frequency to pass therethrough and greatly suppresses a signal component having a frequency lower than the certain frequency.
As an implementable manner, the pulse current generator 1 includes:
the voltage reduction and transformation circuit 11 is used for converting the voltage of an external power supply into a first alternating current working voltage;
the first rectifying circuit 12 is electrically connected with the step-down transformer circuit 11 and is used for converting the first alternating-current working voltage into direct-current voltage;
a support capacitor 13 electrically connected to the first rectifying circuit 12 for converting the dc voltage into a stable first dc operating voltage;
and the two ends of the switching circuit 14 are respectively and electrically connected with the impedance matching circuit 2 and the supporting capacitor 13, and are used for converting the stable first direct current working voltage into pulse current with preset frequency and duty ratio and transmitting the pulse current to the steel rail 4.
The AC220V is stepped down by the step-down transformer 11, and then establishes a dc voltage across the supporting capacitor 13 via the first rectifying circuit 12, and then the pulse excitation current with a desired frequency and current value is chopped by the switching circuit 14. Further, the switching circuit 14 is an IGBT switch.
As an implementable manner, the power receiving device 9 includes:
a resonance circuit 15 for receiving energy of the alternating magnetic field and generating an induced electromotive force;
a second rectifying circuit 16 electrically connected to the resonant circuit 15 for converting the induced electromotive force into a second direct-current voltage;
and the power management circuit 17 is electrically connected with the second rectifying circuit 16 and the energy storage component 18 respectively, and is used for reducing the second direct-current voltage and continuously charging the energy storage component 18.
The resonant circuit 15 adopts LC parallel resonance, the inductance coil is composed of three groups of coils in parallel, each coil is tightly wound by a copper enameled wire with the diameter of 0.1mm, and the number of turns is 1000. Each coil is provided with an H-shaped manganese-zinc ferrite magnetic core to strengthen a stable magnetic circuit.
The induced electromotive force of the resonant circuit conforms to the following equation:
E＝K*Ij*Fj
e-resonant circuit induced electromotive force
IjValues of excitation currents in the rails
FjFrequency of the excitation current in the rail
K-resonance coil coefficient
As an embodiment, the electric energy receiving device 9 further comprises an energy consuming load 19;
the energy consumption load 19 is electrically connected to the energy storage component 18 and is configured to receive the dc output voltage output by the energy storage component 18. The wireless power transmission system using the steel rail 4 as a transmission medium is used for converting weak magnetic field energy around the steel rail 4 into electric energy to be supplied to an energy consumption load 19. Because the energy which can be collected is very weak and only dozens of muW, the sensor cannot be directly and continuously powered, the collected electric energy needs to be stored in the energy storage component 18 through the power management circuit 17, when the energy in the energy storage component 18 reaches a standard level, the energy storage component 18 supplies power to the energy consumption load 19, after the energy consumption load 19, namely the sensor, works, the energy storage component 18 stops supplying power to the energy consumption load 19, the power management circuit 17 continues to charge the energy storage component 18, and therefore a reciprocating cycle is formed. The above-mentioned circuit components and parts etc. that relate to are current devices, and are not the utility model point of this application.
The utility model provides an utilize wireless power transmission system of rail as transmission medium sets up in every railway block area, and adjustable frequency pulse excitation power supply sets up the one end in railway block area, converts external power supply into pulse excitation voltage to transmit to the rail in the railway block area, pulse excitation voltage produces alternating magnetic field on the rail; the electric energy receiving devices are arranged along the steel rail in the railway block area, convert the acquired energy of the alternating magnetic field on the steel rail into induced electromotive force, rectify the converted induced electromotive force and store the electric energy of the rectified voltage. The wireless power transmission system using the steel rail as the transmission medium realizes long-distance transmission of power, provides a power supply scheme free from being influenced by the surrounding environment for the sensor nodes in the wireless transmission network arranged along the railway, ensures stable operation of the wireless transmission network, and has high practicability.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 4, the utility model also provides a wireless power transmission method using the steel rail as transmission medium, including the following steps:
step S10: the frequency-adjustable pulse excitation power supply generates pulse excitation voltage and transmits the generated pulse excitation voltage to the steel rail in the railway block area;
step S20: the pulse excitation voltage generates an alternating magnetic field on the steel rail;
step S30: the electric energy receiving device arranged along the steel rail of the railway block area obtains the energy of the alternating magnetic field, generates induced electromotive force, rectifies the induced electromotive force and stores the electric energy of the rectified voltage.
As an implementable manner, the generation of the pulsed excitation voltage comprises the steps of:
step S11: the step-down voltage transformation circuit converts the voltage of an external power supply into a first alternating current working voltage;
step S12: the first rectifying circuit is electrically connected with the voltage reduction and transformation circuit and is used for converting the first alternating-current working voltage into direct-current voltage;
step S13: the supporting capacitor is electrically connected with the first rectifying circuit and converts the direct-current voltage into a stable first direct-current working voltage;
step S14: and the switching circuit is electrically connected with the impedance matching circuit and the supporting capacitor respectively, converts the stable first direct current working voltage into pulse current with preset frequency and duty ratio, and transmits the pulse current to the steel rail.
Furthermore, the first alternating current working voltage after the voltage reduction and transformation circuit performs voltage reduction and transformation is 36v, so that the first alternating current working voltage can be better suitable for the work of the first rectifying circuit.
As an implementable manner, the conversion of the alternating magnetic field energy by the power receiving device comprises the following steps:
step S31: the resonance circuit generates induced electromotive force according to the received energy of the alternating magnetic field;
step S32: the second rectifying circuit is electrically connected with the resonant circuit and converts the generated induced electromotive force into second direct-current working voltage;
step S33: and the power supply management circuit is respectively electrically connected with the second rectifying circuit and the energy storage component, and is used for reducing the second direct-current working voltage and continuously charging the energy storage component.
Further, the induced electromotive force generated by the resonant circuit is an alternating voltage; the second rectifying circuit has a boosting process in the process of converting the induced electromotive force, and converts the boosted alternating-current voltage into a second direct-current working voltage; the power management circuit is characterized in that the second direct current working voltage is higher than the working voltage of the component, so that the second direct current working voltage needs to be subjected to voltage reduction operation before the energy storage component is charged, and the energy storage component is charged after voltage reduction is completed. In this embodiment, the generated induced electromotive force is 20v, the ac voltage converted by the second rectifier circuit is 28v, the converted second dc operating voltage is also 28v, and the voltage dropped by the power management circuit is 5v dc.
The utility model provides an adjustable frequency pulse excitation power supply in the wireless electric energy transmission method with the steel rail as the transmission medium is arranged in each railway block area and is positioned at one end of the railway block area, and is used for converting an external power supply into pulse excitation voltage and transmitting the pulse excitation voltage to the steel rail in the railway block area, and the pulse excitation voltage generates an alternating magnetic field on the steel rail; the electric energy receiving devices are arranged along the steel rail in the railway block area and used for converting the acquired energy of the alternating magnetic field on the steel rail into induced electromotive force, rectifying the converted induced electromotive force and storing the electric energy of the rectified voltage. The wireless power transmission method with the steel rail as the transmission medium realizes long-distance transmission of power, provides a power supply scheme free from being influenced by the surrounding environment for the sensor nodes in the wireless transmission network arranged along the railway, ensures stable operation of the wireless transmission network, and has high practicability.
The above embodiments are intended to be illustrative of the manner in which the invention may be made and used by persons skilled in the art, and modifications to the above embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and it is therefore intended that the invention, including but not limited to the above embodiments, be limited to any methods, processes and products consistent with the principles and novel and inventive features disclosed herein, and which are to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
Claims (7)
1. A wireless power transmission system using a steel rail as a transmission medium, comprising:
the frequency-adjustable pulse excitation power supply is arranged in a railway block area and used for generating pulse excitation voltage and transmitting the generated pulse excitation voltage to the steel rail (4), and the pulse excitation voltage generates an alternating magnetic field on the steel rail (4);
and the electric energy receiving device (9) is arranged along the steel rail (4) of the railway block area and used for acquiring the energy of the alternating magnetic field, generating induced electromotive force, rectifying the induced electromotive force and storing the electric energy of the rectified voltage.
2. A wireless power transfer system using a steel rail as a transmission medium according to claim 1, wherein the frequency-modulated pulse excitation power source comprises:
the pulse current generator (1) is positioned at one end of a railway block area and used for converting an external voltage into a pulse excitation voltage with a preset frequency;
the impedance matching circuit (2) is electrically connected with the pulse current generator (1) and the steel rail (4) and then grounded, and is used for transmitting the received pulse excitation voltage to the steel rail (4), balancing the inductive reactance generated by the pulse excitation voltage in the steel rail (4) and ensuring that a transmission loop is a pure resistive load;
and the reflux device (6) is electrically connected with the steel rail (4) and then grounded, is used for receiving the pulse current which is transmitted by the steel rail (4) and accords with the preset frequency, and forms a transmission loop with the steel rail (4), the earth and the impedance matching circuit (2).
3. A wireless power transmission system using a steel rail as a transmission medium according to claim 2, wherein the pulse current generator (1) comprises:
the voltage reduction and transformation circuit (11) is used for converting the voltage of an external power supply into a first alternating current working voltage;
the first rectifying circuit (12) is electrically connected with the step-down voltage transformation circuit (11) and is used for converting the first alternating-current working voltage into direct-current voltage;
the supporting capacitor (13) is electrically connected with the first rectifying circuit (12) and is used for converting the direct-current voltage into a stable first direct-current working voltage;
and two ends of the switch circuit (14) are respectively and electrically connected with the impedance matching circuit (2) and the supporting capacitor (13) and used for converting the stable first direct current working voltage into pulse current with preset frequency and duty ratio and transmitting the pulse current to the steel rail (4).
4. A wireless power transmission system using a steel rail as a transmission medium according to claim 2, wherein the return means (6) is a high pass filter for isolating a current having a frequency of less than 3000 Hz.
5. A wireless power transmission system using a steel rail as a transmission medium according to claim 1, wherein the power receiving device (9) comprises:
a resonance circuit (15) for receiving energy of the alternating magnetic field and generating an induced electromotive force;
a second rectifying circuit (16) electrically connected to the resonant circuit (15) for converting the induced electromotive force into a second direct-current voltage;
and the power supply management circuit (17) is respectively electrically connected with the second rectifying circuit (16) and the energy storage component (18) and is used for reducing the second direct-current voltage and continuously charging the energy storage component (18).
6. A wireless power transmission system using steel rails as transmission media according to claim 5, wherein the power receiving device (9) further comprises an energy consuming load (19);
the energy consumption load (19) is electrically connected with the energy storage component (18) and is used for receiving the direct current output voltage output by the energy storage component (18).
7. A wireless power transmission system using a steel rail as a transmission medium according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined frequency of the pulse excitation voltage is 3000Hz to 4000 Hz.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921262843.3U CN210350866U (en) | 2019-08-06 | 2019-08-06 | Wireless power transmission system using steel rail as transmission medium |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921262843.3U CN210350866U (en) | 2019-08-06 | 2019-08-06 | Wireless power transmission system using steel rail as transmission medium |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN210350866U true CN210350866U (en) | 2020-04-17 |
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| CN201921262843.3U Active CN210350866U (en) | 2019-08-06 | 2019-08-06 | Wireless power transmission system using steel rail as transmission medium |
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- 2019-08-06 CN CN201921262843.3U patent/CN210350866U/en active Active
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