CN210345955U - Frostless air source energy storage type heat pump system - Google Patents
Frostless air source energy storage type heat pump system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210345955U CN210345955U CN201920360840.7U CN201920360840U CN210345955U CN 210345955 U CN210345955 U CN 210345955U CN 201920360840 U CN201920360840 U CN 201920360840U CN 210345955 U CN210345955 U CN 210345955U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a frostless air source energy storage formula heat pump system, including the energy supply end, water source heat pump set and user end, the energy supply end includes air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger and integral type phase change energy storage case, when heating in frosty environment, energy supply circulation line's connected mode formula phase change energy storage case as an organic whole is connected with water source heat pump set's water source side, water source heat pump set's energy supply side and user end-to-end connection, water source heat pump set's water source side is the evaporating end, the energy supply side is the condensation end, phase change working medium through in the integral type phase change energy storage case is condensed into solid by liquid and releases heat, provide the heat source for heat pump set, heat pump set heats and supplies with; before the heat supply of the integrated phase-change energy storage box, the phase-change working medium is melted into liquid by solid through heat exchange, and heat energy is stored. Because the freezing point of the condensed phase-change working medium is constant, the temperature of the evaporation end of the heat pump is kept to change in a small range, the characteristics that the air source heat pump is low in temperature and high in humidity at night and extremely low in efficiency are improved, and frosting cannot occur.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a heating and refrigerating technology field, concretely relates to frostless air source energy storage formula heat pump.
Background
With the tension of energy and the enhancement of environmental protection consciousness, the development and utilization of renewable energy are concerned, and the air source heat pump is widely used as a technology capable of effectively improving the grade of heat energy. The main structure of the air source heat pump is composed of four core components: compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporator. The working medium continuously completes the thermodynamic cycle process of evaporation (absorbing heat in the environment), compression, condensation (releasing heat), throttling and re-evaporation, and low-grade heat energy in the air is transferred to water to prepare high-temperature hot water. However, the traditional air source heat pump is affected by the evaporation temperature, and the efficiency is very low in winter in northern areas of China. Also, during winter operation, when ambient air temperatures are below 0 ℃, the outdoor heat exchanger/evaporator is prone to frost formation. Greatly restricts the application of the strain in northern areas.
The air source heat pump on the market usually adopts a defrosting scheme, and the defrosting scheme commonly comprises refrigerant reverse defrosting, heat storage defrosting and waste heat defrosting. The reverse defrosting and heat storage defrosting of the refrigerant can influence the heating effect of the end of a user in the defrosting process, and the indoor uncomfortable environment such as uneven cold and heat appears; although the waste heat defrosting does not affect the heating effect of the end of a user, the use efficiency of primary energy of the air source heat pump is reduced, and the purposes of energy conservation and environmental protection cannot be achieved.
The existing scholars research a combined heat pump (parallel solar heat pump system), and the experiment adopts an operation strategy that air is used as a heat source in the daytime and solar hot water is used as the heat source at night to supply heat to the indoor. The solar heat collection system is also limited by weather conditions, and the air source heat pump still has the problem of frosting under extremely cold conditions and cannot preferentially utilize solar energy.
The prior scholars provide an integrated water tank of a solar energy and air source heat pump, which comprises a heat preservation water tank, an electric auxiliary heating device, a heat exchanger and an air source heat pump system. The air source heat pump system, the solar thermal collector and the electric auxiliary water heating mode can be used independently and mutually combined, so that the time and the energy are saved. The integrated water tank of solar energy air source who forms, transport simple to operate, the appearance is pleasing to the eye. The solar energy and air source heat pump combined system solves the problems that the prior solar energy and air source heat pump combined mode is that after two forms of a solar energy system and an air source heat pump are simply superposed, solar energy resources cannot be preferentially utilized, the superposed system increases the difficulty of the operation of the whole equipment, and the like. Researches find that when the weather conditions are severe and the outdoor environment temperature is low, the solar heat collecting equipment and the air source heat pump system still cannot normally operate, and the energy utilization efficiency of the whole equipment is low due to the fact that the auxiliary electric heating equipment is used.
The prior scholars provide a three-sleeve energy storage type solar and air source heat pump integrated system, and organically combine solar heat collection equipment, air source heat pump equipment and the like together. The air source heat pump unit can effectively solve the problems that the air source heat pump unit is applied to a central air conditioning system to enable the load of a power grid to continuously rise, the heat pump collecting efficiency is low in winter, and the air source heat pump unit is easily influenced by weather. The peak load shifting of the power load is realized, the heat supply load of the heat pump day and night in winter is balanced, and the defects existing in the operation of a single heat source are overcome by adopting an air source, solar energy and heat storage multi-heat source operation mode. But the system has complex structure, difficult maintenance, high investment cost and difficult operation control.
The existing air-supplying enthalpy-increasing heat pump system and the air-supplying enthalpy-increasing technology can better improve the efficiency of compression refrigeration circulation in a low-temperature environment, reduce the exhaust temperature of a compressor and improve the efficiency of refrigeration equipment so as to achieve the purpose of saving energy. Experiments in a low-temperature environment of-10 ℃ to-15 ℃ show that the system can keep higher heating capacity and heating temperature, can meet the heating requirement of cold regions in winter, and has the poor effect of supplementing air and improving the performance coefficient along with the rise of the environmental temperature.
In the other existing double-stage compression heat pump circulating system, the performance of the double-stage compression heat pump circulating system at low temperature is improved by a middle pressure air supplementing mode, although the exhaust temperature is effectively reduced to be overhigh, and a series of reliability problems caused by overlarge pressure ratio and the like are solved. However, for two-stage compression, when the compressor operates under the full working condition, the two stages are difficult to balance, when the external air condition is good, the one-stage super distribution is realized, and when the external condition is not good, the two-stage super distribution is realized, so that the energy is basically not saved on average. And a plurality of problems which need to be solved urgently are solved, such as oil injection amount, oil balance and oil migration, a control strategy of a system, a reasonable gas transmission ratio of a variable-frequency compression low-high pressure stage, optimal intermediate pressure change and the like.
In summary, although the existing solar hybrid heat pump, the air-supply enthalpy-increasing heat pump and the two-stage compression heat pump solve the problem of frosting of the heat pump to a certain extent, the number of assembled components is large, so that the heat pump system is very complex and is difficult to control.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the defect of the traditional defrosting of prior art air supply heat pump and the problem that the heat pump is low at low temperature weather running performance, the utility model provides a there is not frosting air source energy storage formula heat pump system.
The technical scheme of the utility model:
a frostless air source energy storage type heat pump system comprises an energy supply end, a water source heat pump unit and a user end, wherein the energy supply end comprises an air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger and an integrated phase-change energy storage tank, the two and a water source side of the water source heat pump unit form a mutually switchable energy supply circulation pipeline which is connected with the three or the two, energy supply circulation working media flow in the energy supply circulation pipeline, the energy supply side of the water source heat pump unit is connected with the user end,
when heating is carried out in a frosting environment, the connection mode of the energy supply circulation pipeline is switched into an integrated phase-change energy storage box to be connected with the water source side of the water source heat pump unit, the water source side of the water source heat pump unit is an evaporation end, the energy supply side of the water source heat pump unit is a condensation end, the phase-change working medium in the integrated phase-change energy storage box is condensed into solid by liquid to release heat, a heat source is provided for the water source heat pump unit, the water source heat pump unit heats and supplies heat to the end of a user,
before the integrated phase-change energy storage box supplies heat, the phase-change working medium is melted into liquid from solid through heat exchange, and heat energy is stored.
The volume of the integrated phase-change energy storage tank meets the energy storage requirement that the water source heat pump unit continuously operates for at least 8 hours.
Before the integrated phase-change energy storage box supplies heat energy, the connection mode of the energy supply circulation pipeline is switched into at least connecting the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger with the integrated phase-change energy storage box, and the integrated phase-change energy storage box stores heat energy by exchanging the ambient heat absorbed by the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger with the integrated phase-change energy storage box.
The user end includes sensible heat storage water tank and for the heat exchanger of indoor energy supply, the two with water source heat pump set's energy supply side forms three interconnect or the user's circulation line that can switch over each other that the two is connected, the heat direct supply that heat pump set heated the heat exchanger and/or store sensible heat storage water tank, and stored the heat sensible heat storage water tank can for the heat exchanger heat supply.
In summer refrigeration operating mode, energy supply circulating line's connected mode switches formula phase change energy storage box as an organic whole and is connected with water source heat pump set's water source side, water source heat pump set's water source side is the condensation end, water source heat pump set's energy supply side is the evaporation end, melts for liquid release solid-liquid phase change latent heat through the phase change working medium that has stored the phase change cold energy by the solid, does water source heat pump set's water source side provides the cold energy.
The integrated phase-change energy storage box exchanges heat with the refrigerated water source heat pump unit through the integrated phase-change energy storage box before supplying cold energy, and the phase-change working medium is solidified into solid cold energy by liquid.
The integral type phase transition energy storage case includes casing and core, the core is located the casing is internal, including a plurality of ice-storage units, the ice-storage unit includes dull and stereotyped heat pipe, the fin pipe that dull and stereotyped heat pipe side closely laminated and formed by a plurality of cavitys just fin pipe both ends are open, between casing and the core with the intraductal phase transition working medium that has irritated of fin, dull and stereotyped heat pipe tip is good at both sides fin pipe, and the part of growing is laminated with flat water pipe, and every flat water pipe series connection has the dull and stereotyped heat pipe of a plurality of ice-storage units, and a plurality of flat water pipes are parallelly connected to converge in entry trunk and export trunk, the entry trunk has two entries, the export trunk has two exports:
under the working condition of heat energy storage, an air source ice melting energy storage inlet and an air source ice melting energy storage outlet are connected with the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger to form an energy supply circulating pipeline, and a circulating working medium in the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger circulates between the core and the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger;
hold cold energy or heat supply ability or cold energy supply operating mode, heat pump set ice-storage energy supply entry and export with heat pump set connects into circulation circuit, cycle medium in the water source heat pump set is in the core with circulate between the water source heat pump set.
By adopting the using method of the frostless air source energy storage type heat pump system, the integrated phase change energy storage tank at the energy supply end can be used as a cold source and a heat source,
when the heat pump is in a heating working condition of a frosting environment, the integrated phase-change energy storage tank is a phase-change heat storage tank, the phase-change working medium is solidified into a solid from liquid, liquid-solid phase-change latent heat is released and is transmitted to the water source heat pump unit to provide heat energy, the water source heat pump unit absorbs a low-temperature heat source to heat and supplies heat to the tail end of a user, and before heat supply, the phase-change heat storage tank exchanges heat through the phase-change working medium, melts the solid into liquid, stores solid-liquid phase-change heat energy and circularly supplies heat;
when the heat pump is in a refrigeration working condition, the integrated phase-change energy storage tank is a phase-change cold storage tank, the phase-change working medium is melted into liquid from solid, solid-liquid phase-change latent heat is released and transmitted to the water source heat pump unit to provide cold energy for the tail end of a user, and the phase-change cold storage tank is used for storing liquid-solid phase-change cold energy through heat exchange of the phase-change working medium before cold supply.
The valley electricity is utilized at night, the water source heat pump unit refrigerates and exchanges heat with the phase change cold storage tank, the phase change working medium is solidified into solid by liquid, liquid-solid phase change cold energy is stored, and the phase change cold storage tank is used as an energy supply end at daytime and supplies cold energy for the water source heat pump unit.
And under the non-frosting environment, the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger is used as an energy supply end, and the water source heat pump unit supplies heat energy or the water source heat pump unit and the integrated phase-change energy storage box simultaneously supply heat energy.
The utility model has the advantages of:
the utility model discloses a there is not air source energy storage formula heat pump system that frosts has increased integral type phase change energy storage case at the energy supply end, and the connected mode is equal interconnect between two liang of the water source side of air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger, integral type phase change energy storage case and water source heat pump set to can select to cut off and communicate certain some pipeline connected mode/s, thereby form and provide multiple heating mode at the different energy supply circulation pipeline of winter accessible switching.
In order to avoid the problem of frosting, at least when the frosting environment is heated, for example, when the ambient temperature is lower than 0 ℃, an integrated phase-change energy storage box is adopted as an energy supply end. The direct heat source of the heat pump unit is derived from the phase change heat energy accumulated in the integrated phase change energy storage tank, and the latent heat released when the phase change working medium is solidified into a solid from liquid is used as a low-temperature heat source through the condensation heat release of the phase change working medium, so that the requirement of heating of a user is met. Because the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger is not used in the frosting environment, the phase change is generated through the energy storage box to provide a heat source, the condensation freezing point of the phase change working medium is certain, the temperature of the evaporation end of the heat pump is kept in a small range, the characteristics of low temperature and low humidity at night and extremely low efficiency of the air source heat pump are well improved, and the frosting problem of the whole system is avoided.
Before heat supply, in the weather with high outside temperature or strong sunshine, for example, the environment temperature can reach the condition of more than 5 ℃, namely, a non-frosting environment, the outside heat source is sufficient, an air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger can be respectively connected with a heat pump unit and an energy storage box, the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger not only provides low-temperature heat source heating for the heat pump, but also provides a low-temperature heat source for the integrated energy storage box, phase-change heat storage working media are melted, and the volume of the energy storage box can be set to meet the energy storage requirement of continuous operation of the heat pump unit for at least 8 hours.
When the user terminal needs to be heated by an external heat source, the external temperature is high but insufficient, and the heat supply requirements of the user terminal and the integrated phase-change energy storage box cannot be met simultaneously, or the integrated phase-change energy storage box does not need to store energy again, the connection between the air-secondary refrigerant and the energy storage box can be disconnected, and the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger is switched to provide the low-temperature heat source for the heat pump unit to heat.
When the tail end of a user does not need to heat, for example, under the condition that no person is at home in daytime, the tail end of the user can be switched to a heat source energy storage circulating pipeline, and the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger only provides low-temperature heat source melting phase change working medium heat storage energy for the energy storage box.
In addition, the user tail end can also be provided with a sensible heat storage water tank, and different user circulation pipelines are realized through different connection modes of an energy supply end of the heat pump unit, an air heat exchanger at the user tail end and the sensible heat storage water tank. For example, when the heat of the energy supply end is sufficient, the energy supply end of the heat pump unit supplies heat to the heat exchanger and the heat storage water tank simultaneously through the energy supply circulation pipeline of the heat pump; when the heat of the energy supply end is not sufficient or the heat storage water tank does not need to continuously store heat, the heat is only supplied to the heat exchanger through the heat pump energy supply circulating pipeline; when the heat of the energy supply end is insufficient, the heat storage water tank supplies heat to the heat exchanger through the energy supply circulating pipeline of the heat storage water tank; when heat supply is not needed, the heat supply section only stores heat and supplies heat for the water tank through the heat pump energy supply circulating pipeline.
The direct cold and heat sources of the heat pump unit can all come from the same phase-change energy storage box, so that the direct cold and heat sources can be called as phase-change cold and heat storage boxes, and the phase-change cold and heat storage boxes can provide phase-change heat sources for the heat pump unit during heating as described above; meanwhile, during refrigeration, the phase change cold and heat accumulation box can also provide a phase change cold source for the heat pump during refrigeration, and is also called a cold and hot integrated phase change energy accumulation box. When cold energy is supplied, solid can be melted into liquid through the phase change working medium in the integrated phase change energy storage box, solid-liquid phase change latent heat is released, and cold energy is supplied to the water source side of the water source heat pump unit. The cold energy exchanges heat with a refrigerating heat pump unit in advance, and the phase-change working medium is solidified into solid cold energy from liquid.
Preferably, the phase change temperature of the liquid-solid phase change working medium of the integrated phase change energy storage tank is between-10 ℃ and 7 ℃, so that the temperature is not excessively lower than the outdoor environment temperature, the circulating working medium of the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger for melting the phase change working medium is not obviously lower than the environment temperature, and frosting is avoided. The choice of the phase transition temperature for heating and air conditioning depends on the average winter ambient temperature of the region.
The utility model discloses a phase transition working medium is running water or the antifreeze of certain proportion or other can condense exothermic frozen material, integral type phase transition energy storage case also can be called ice storage water tank, and it comprises casing and core two parts, satisfies phase transition working medium's heat preservation, has prevention of seepage anticorrosion function simultaneously. The core body is composed of ice storage units uniformly distributed in the ice storage water tank, each ice storage unit comprises a flat heat pipe, the two sides of each flat heat pipe are tightly attached to (welded or bonded by a heat conducting medium) finned pipes, the flat heat pipes are slightly longer than the finned pipes on the two sides, each finned pipe comprises a certain number of rectangular channels, and the two ends of each finned pipe are not sealed, so that the finned pipes and the water tank shell are simultaneously filled with phase change working media. The upper end and the lower end of the heat pipe of the flat water pipe and the ice storage unit are longer than the parts of the finned pipes and are tightly attached (welded or bonded by a heat conducting medium), a plurality of ice storage units are connected in series through the flat water pipes and then converged in the inlet main pipe and the outlet main pipe in parallel through a plurality of flat water pipes, and the main pipes are communicated with the circulating pipeline. The main pipe can form a whole with two inlets and two outlets, one path of the main pipe is in energy supply circulating working medium (secondary refrigerant) circulation with the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger, an air source ice melting energy storage inlet and an air source ice melting energy storage outlet are communicated with the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger, and the working medium circulating in the core body is derived from the energy supply circulating working medium (secondary refrigerant) of the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger and is used for heat exchange between the phase change working medium and the secondary refrigerant of the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger and heat storage; the other path is circulated with energy supply circulating working medium (secondary refrigerant) in the heat pump unit, an ice storage energy supply inlet and an ice storage energy supply outlet of the heat pump unit are connected with the heat pump unit, and the working medium circulating in the core body is derived from the energy supply circulating working medium of the heat pump unit and is used for heat exchange between the phase change working medium and the secondary refrigerant of the heat pump system to store cold energy/energy. In a word, the device can be comprehensively arranged according to the actual pipeline condition. The energy supply circulating working medium flows in the same way. The ice storage units are uniformly distributed in the ice storage water tank, and the design of the finned tubes can ensure that the stress of the water tank shell is uniform when the phase change working medium is condensed.
According to the refrigeration and heating use method of the frostless air source energy storage type heat pump system, the integrated phase change energy storage box is used as the integrated phase change cold and heat storage box, namely the integrated phase change cold and heat storage box serves as a heat source and a cold source, the integrated phase change cold and heat storage box serves as the phase change heat storage box in the heating season in winter, the integrated phase change cold and heat storage box serves as the phase change cold and heat storage box in the cooling season in summer. The phase-change material of the same integrated phase-change energy storage box stores heat through solid-liquid phase change, a liquid phase-change working medium in the phase-change energy storage box is solidified into solid when the heat pump heats, and stored liquid-solid phase-change latent heat is released to provide a low-temperature heat source for the heat pump, and when the heat pump cools, a direct cold source of the heat pump during cooling is derived from latent heat released when the solid in the phase-change energy storage box is changed into liquid. The phase-change energy storage box returns cold or heat to the cold and heat supply requirement at the tail end of a cold and heat user through secondary refrigerant.
Preferably, when heating in winter, because the temperature difference between day and night is large, in the daytime, the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger is used as an energy supply end, on one hand, the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger is used as a low-temperature heat source of the water source heat pump unit, so that the normal operation of the unit is met, and the heat is supplied to the tail end of a user; on the other hand, air energy is stored in the energy storage material in the phase-change energy storage box, the secondary refrigerant absorbing the low-temperature environmental heat energy in the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger circularly flows between the heat exchanger and the core body through the air source ice melting energy storage inlet and outlet of the core body, the phase-change working medium in the integrated phase-change cold and heat storage box is melted into a liquid state, and the low-temperature phase-change latent heat is stored, for example, the ice working medium in the ice storage water box is melted into water for energy storage. At night, adopt phase change heat accumulation case to hold for the energy supply, phase change working medium absorbs the environment cold energy and solidifies into solid-state by liquid, if become the in-process release phase transition latent heat of ice by water, for heat pump set provides the latent heat of phase transition as the low temperature heat source, heat pump set heats and provides relative high temperature heat energy heating for the user end, so reciprocal. Because the phase-change energy storage box is used for supplying heat, the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger is used for melting the phase-change working medium, the temperature change of an evaporation end of the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger is small and cannot be lower than the freezing point temperature, and the frosting problem is avoided.
When the user end need not refrigerate at night when refrigerating in summer, heat pump set utilizes millet electricity refrigeration, will absorb the secondary refrigerant of cold energy at heat pump set's evaporimeter end, transmits the phase transition working medium for the phase transition cold-storage case, for example makes ice, cold-storage ability with water: the refrigerating medium with cold energy in the heat pump unit passes through the ice storage energy supply inlet and outlet of the heat pump unit of the core body, circularly flows between the heat pump unit and the core body, the phase change working medium absorbs the cold energy and is solidified into solid by liquid, and the stored phase change cold energy is released to supply cold for the tail end of a user when needed (such as cold supply in daytime). Thereby staggering the peak of the electricity consumption in daytime and reducing the operation cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a frostless air-source energy storage heat pump system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the air-coolant heat exchanger of FIG. 1 providing a low temperature heat source for the heat pump units during heating in winter;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the winter energy storage operating condition of the air-coolant heat exchanger of FIG. 1 for ice-melting and energy-storing of the ice-storage water tank;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a winter heating condition in which the ice storage water tank of FIG. 3 provides a low temperature heat source for the heat pump unit;
FIG. 5 is a view of the ice storage water tank of FIG. 3 providing a low temperature heat source for storing heat in the heat storage water tank;
FIG. 6 is a view of the hot water storage tank of FIG. 5 as a heat source for direct heating;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the refrigeration condition of the frostless air source energy storage type heat pump system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a structure of an ice water storage tank;
FIG. 9 is a front view of an energy storage unit;
FIG. 10 energy storage unit top view;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage unit and the flat water pipe.
The reference numbers: 1-an air-coolant heat exchanger; 2-an ice storage water tank; 21-a housing; 22-a core; 221-an ice storage unit; 2211-flat heat pipe; 2212-finned tube; 222-flat water pipe; 223-inlet main; 2231-ice storage and energy supply inlet of heat pump unit; 2232-an air source ice melting energy storage inlet; 224-outlet trunk, 2241-first outlet; 2242-a second outlet; 225-lower flat water pipe; 3-an expansion tank; 4-circulating water pump; 5-a heat pump unit; 51-an evaporator; 52-an expansion valve; 53-a condenser; 54-a compressor; 6-a fan coil; 7-a heat storage water tank; 8-valve.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate how to avoid the frosting problem of the operation scheme of the frostless air source heat pump system of the present invention, the defrosting mode different from the existing heat pump system is highlighted, and the following will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 11 and the specific embodiments, and a person skilled in the art can operate and manage the system according to the drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the novel frostless air source energy storage type heat pump system of the present embodiment can be divided into three parts, namely, an energy supply end, a heat pump unit 5 and a user end. The energy supply end comprises an air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1 and an integrated phase change energy storage tank, in the embodiment, the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger is an ice storage water tank 2, the ice storage water tank and the ice storage water tank can be respectively connected with a water source side of a heat pump unit 5, and the energy supply side of the heat pump unit 5 is connected with a user tail end. The heat pump unit 5 in this embodiment is a common water source heat pump unit, and includes an evaporator 51, an expansion valve 52, a condenser 53 and a compressor 54, if the heating working condition in winter is adopted, the evaporator 51 is located at the water source side, the power supply side is the condenser 53, and is connected with the fan coil 6 as the user terminal; if the cooling condition is summer cooling, the positions of the evaporator 51 and the condenser 53 are exchanged. The energy supply circulating working medium is antifreeze fluid or secondary refrigerant with a certain proportion, the antifreeze fluid circulates through the circulating water pump 4, the circulating working medium of the heat pump unit 5 is R22 or other refrigerants/secondary refrigerants, and the circulating working medium at the end of a user is tap water.
The air-coolant heat exchanger 1 is in the form of an air cooler comprising flat water tube channels through which coolant circulates, fins, a fan, and inlet and outlet piping (not shown).
As shown in fig. 8 to 11, the ice-storage water tank 2 includes a case 21 and a core 22. The shell 21 needs to meet the heat preservation requirement of the phase change working medium, has the functions of seepage prevention and corrosion prevention, is internally provided with a plurality of cores 22, and stores the phase change working medium between the shell 21 and the cores 22, wherein the phase change working medium is water/ice in the embodiment. Of course, the phase change working medium can also be other substances which can be condensed, heat released and frozen at 7 ℃ to-10 ℃.
The core 22 has an inlet trunk 223, an outlet trunk 224 and a plurality of parallel heat exchange lines therebetween, the inlet trunk 223 has a heat pump unit ice storage energy supply inlet 2231 and an air source ice melting energy storage inlet 2232, and the outlet trunk 224 has a first outlet 2241 and a second outlet 2242, forming a two-in two-out whole. After being connected in series by a plurality of ice storage units 221, each heat exchange tube is connected in parallel through an upper flat water tube 222 and a lower flat water tube 225 and converged to an outlet main tube 224. One path of the circulating working medium in the core is derived from an energy supply circulating working medium-secondary refrigerant of the heat pump unit 5, circularly flows through an ice storage energy supply inlet 2231 and a first outlet 2241 of the heat pump unit, and is in hydrothermal exchange with a phase change working medium in the ice storage water tank 2, and the phase change working medium is solidified into a solid from a liquid and is used for storing cold energy in the ice storage water tank 2; the other path of the circulating working medium in the core is derived from the heat storage energy circulating working medium-secondary refrigerant of the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1, an air source ice melting energy storage inlet 2232 and a second outlet 2242 are respectively connected with an inlet and an outlet of the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1, the secondary refrigerant derived from evaporation in the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 5 circularly flows in the core 22 and is used for storing phase change heat energy by the phase change working medium, and the secondary refrigerant circulating in the core 22 flows in the same form.
The ice storage units 221 are uniformly distributed over the ice storage water tank, so that the uniform stress of the water tank shell can be ensured when the phase change working medium is condensed. Each ice storage unit 221 includes a flat heat pipe 2211, two sides of the flat heat pipe 2211 are tightly attached to the finned tubes 2212 by welding or bonding with a heat-conducting medium, the flat heat pipe 2211 is slightly longer than the finned tubes 2212, and the upper flat water pipe 222 and the lower flat water pipe 225 are tightly attached to the upper and lower ends of the flat heat pipe 2211 by welding or bonding with a heat-conducting medium. The inlet trunk pipe 223 and the outlet trunk pipe 224 are circular trunk pipes, and serve as trunk pipes for entering and exiting the ice-storage water tank 2, and converge the circulating working medium/coolant in each of the upper flat water pipe 222 and the lower flat water pipe 225. Two ends of the flat heat pipe 2211 are tightly attached to the round water pipe through welding or bonding by a heat-conducting medium. Each finned tube 2212 contains a number of rectangular channels, which are not sealed at both ends.
The novel frostless air source energy storage type heat pump system is characterized in that the sizes of an air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1, an ice storage water tank 2 and a user terminal device are matched according to the heating/refrigerating capacity of a heat pump unit 5.
When the system pressure is unstable, the expansion tank 3 is started to buffer the system pressure fluctuation, eliminate the water hammer, stabilize the pressure and unload, and ensure the stable water pressure of the system.
The heat pump unit 5 can also be a water source heat pump unit with an air-supplying enthalpy-increasing compressor, which is suitable for severe cold areas.
The user end device may also include a floor heating coil system.
In addition, the heat pump system includes a plurality of valves 8 in the circuit to control the flow, direction, etc. of the fluids, such as coolant, refrigerant, and water.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, this embodiment is an implementation manner of the heat pump system of example 1 under a winter heating condition, wherein the energy supply end uses the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1 as a low-temperature heat source of the water source heat pump unit 5, so as to satisfy normal operation of the unit. The system comprises an air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1, a heat pump unit 5 and a fan coil 6, wherein solid lines in the figure represent actually connected pipelines, and broken lines represent disconnected pipelines.
The air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1 extracts environmental heat, secondary refrigerant absorbs heat, and returns to the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1 after exchanging heat with refrigerant in the evaporator 51 of the heat pump unit 5, and absorbs the environmental heat again, and the process is circulated; the refrigerant in the water source heat pump unit 5 absorbs the low-temperature heat in the evaporator 51, evaporates into low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, is compressed into high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant by the compressor 54 and then is sent into the condenser 53, the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the condenser 53 transfers the heat to the water in the fan coil 6 through heat exchange to supply heat to the user terminal, the refrigerant is condensed into liquid, is throttled by the expansion valve 52 and then becomes low-temperature low-pressure gas, returns to the evaporator 51, and the processes of heat absorption and heat exchange are repeated to supply heat to the user terminal.
Preferably, the heating scheme is adopted in winter and daytime, the system can fully utilize air energy and always keep high running performance, and more preferably, when the outdoor temperature is higher than the condensation freezing point of water, for example, 5 ℃, the connection mode is adopted for heating, and the frosting problem is avoided.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, the heat pump system of the present embodiment 1 is in the air source energy storage mode in winter: the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1 is used for melting ice and storing energy for the ice storage water tank 2. Comprising an air-coolant heat exchanger 1 and an ice water storage tank 2 communicating with each other.
The air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1 extracts ambient heat, secondary refrigerant absorbs heat and is conveyed to the ice storage water tank 2, enters the core body 22 through the air source ice melting and energy storage inlet 2232, is condensed into water after releasing heat after passing through the inlet main pipe and the pipelines of each heat exchange channel in sequence, converges on the outlet main pipe, returns to the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1 through the second outlet 2242, absorbs the ambient heat again, and the process is circulated; and the phase change working medium between the shell 21 and the core 22 exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant through heat transfer of the heat exchange pipeline, absorbs heat, is solidified into water by ice, and stores solid-liquid phase change latent heat.
Preferably, when the external temperature is high and the heat is sufficient, for example, 5 ℃, i.e., in a non-frosting condition, the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1 is adopted to be respectively connected with the water source side of the heat pump unit 5 and the ice water storage tank 2, and simultaneously, the heat supply requirements of the user side and the ice water storage tank 2 are met.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the heat pump system of embodiment 1 adopts the ice storage water tank 2 as an energy supply end to provide a low-temperature heat source for the heat pump unit 5 in a frosting environment, such as at night in winter, so as to supply heat to the end of a user, which not only improves the disadvantages of low temperature and humidity at night and extremely low heat pump efficiency of the air source, but also prevents frosting. The system comprises an ice storage water tank 2, a heat pump unit 5 and a fan coil 6 at the tail end of a user.
The phase-change working medium in the ice-storage water tank 2 which has been subjected to energy storage in embodiment 3 is liquid water, and under the condition that the temperature is lower than 0 ℃ in winter and no heat exchange is performed in the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1, the liquid-solid phase-change latent heat is gradually condensed into solid ice under the influence of the ambient temperature, liquid-solid phase-change latent heat is continuously released in the process, the secondary refrigerant circularly flows in the core 22 through the ice-storage energy supply inlet 2231 and the first outlet 2241 of the heat pump unit to absorb heat energy, the refrigerant in the water source heat pump unit 5 absorbs the low-temperature phase-change latent heat in the evaporator 51, is evaporated into low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant by the compressor 54 and then is sent into the condenser 53, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the condenser 53 transfers heat to water in the fan coil 6 through heat, returning to the evaporator 51, the heat absorption and heat exchange process is repeated to supply heat to the user terminal.
Preferably, the volume of the ice water storage tank 2 satisfies the energy storage capacity of the heat pump unit 5 continuously operating for 8 hours or more.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 5, in the frostless air-source energy storage type heat pump system of the present embodiment, the user end device is a heat storage water tank 7. The heat storage water tank 7 is connected with the energy supply side of the heat pump unit. The heat storage water tank is a common stainless steel heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant water tank, and the size of the heat storage water tank is matched with that of a user load according to the water source heat pump unit 5.
The embodiment is a winter heat pump heat storage mode adopting the heat pump system, and comprises an ice storage water tank 2, a heat pump unit 5 and a heat storage water tank 7. The phase change working medium in the ice storage water tank 2 that has been subjected to energy storage in embodiment 3 is liquid water, and under the condition that the temperature is lower than 0 ℃ in winter and no heat exchange is performed in the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1, the liquid-solid phase change latent heat is gradually condensed into solid ice under the influence of the ambient temperature, and is continuously released in the process and transferred to the heat pump unit 5, the refrigerant in the water source heat pump unit 5 absorbs the low-temperature phase change latent heat in the evaporator 51, is evaporated into a low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, is compressed into a high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant by the compressor 54 and then is sent to the condenser 53, the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the condenser 53 transfers heat to the circulating working medium in the user terminal circulating pipeline through heat exchange and transfers the circulating working medium to the water in the heat storage water tank 7 for storage, and, returning to the evaporator 51, the heat absorption and heat exchange process is repeated to store heat.
Preferably, the volume of the ice water storage tank 2 satisfies the energy storage capacity of the heat pump unit 5 continuously operating for 8 hours or more.
Preferably, the process is carried out in the heating season in winter, and the heat pump unit 5 utilizes low-temperature heat energy released by late-night valley electricity and the medium of the ice storage water tank 2 during solidification to prepare heat suitable for the heating temperature and then store the heat in the heat storage water tank, so that the energy is saved and the environment is protected.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 6, this example is an embodiment of the winter heating mode of the heat pump system of example 5, and the heat storage water tank 7 that has stored heat serves as a heat source to heat the fan coil 6.
Preferably, the operation is carried out at peak and flat during daytime.
Example 7
As shown in fig. 7, this embodiment is a mode of the cooling operation in summer of the heat pump system of embodiment 1. The system comprises an air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1, a heat pump unit 5 and a user terminal. The condenser 53 is connected with the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1 at the water source side of the heat pump unit 5, and the evaporator 51 is connected with the fan coil 6 at the end of the cold user at the energy supply side of the heat pump unit 5.
The heat pump unit 5 refrigerates for users, and condensation heat is dissipated through the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1. The specific mode is as follows: the refrigerant in the heat pump unit 5 firstly absorbs heat from a high-temperature heat source in the evaporator 51, for example, from the normal-temperature air at the end of a user, and is vaporized into low-pressure steam to refrigerate the user, then the refrigerant gas is compressed into high-temperature high-pressure steam in the compressor 54, the high-temperature high-pressure gas exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant in the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1 in the condenser 53 to be cooled and condensed into high-pressure liquid, the high-pressure liquid is throttled into low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant by the expansion valve 52, a refrigeration process is completed, the secondary refrigerant absorbing heat is circulated to the outdoor side of the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1 to dissipate heat, and the refrigeration process.
Preferably, the above process is carried out in summer and daytime.
Example 8
This embodiment is another way of the summer cooling condition of the heat pump system of embodiment 7: and a cooling and heating mode in summer. The system comprises an air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1, a heat pump unit 5 and a user terminal, wherein the user terminal comprises a fan coil 6 and a heat storage water tank 7.
When the temperature of the heat storage water tank 7 is low, the heat pump unit 5 radiates heat through the heat storage water tank 7; when the temperature of the heat storage water tank 7 is high and can meet the temperature requirement of domestic hot water, the heat pump unit 5 dissipates heat through the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger 1.
Example 9
The present embodiment is another mode of the heat pump system of embodiment 1 in the summer cooling condition: the heat pump unit 5 is used for storing cold energy in the ice water tank 2. The system comprises an ice water storage tank 2 and a heat pump unit 5.
In summer and at night, the ice water tank 2 exchanges heat with the refrigerated water source heat pump unit 5 by utilizing the refrigeration of the water source heat pump unit 5 by utilizing the late night valley electricity, and the phase change working medium is solidified into solid cold storage energy by liquid.
When needing to refrigerate daytime, wholly adopt the mode similar to fig. 4, energy supply circulation line's connected mode switches into ice storage water tank 2 and is connected with water source heat pump set 5's water source side, and the difference is water source heat pump set 5's water source side is the condensation end, water source heat pump set 5's energy supply side is the evaporation end, through phase change working medium in ice storage water tank 2 is melted by the solid and is liquid release solid-liquid phase change latent heat, for water source heat pump set's water source side provides cold energy, supplies with the user.
It is pointed out here that the above description helps the person skilled in the art to understand the content of the invention, but does not limit the scope of protection of the invention. Any such equivalent replacement, modification and/or deletion of the above-described elements that do not depart from the essence of the present invention are deemed to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A frostless air source energy storage type heat pump system is characterized by comprising an energy supply end, a water source heat pump unit and a user end, wherein the energy supply end comprises an air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger and an integrated phase-change energy storage tank, the two and the water source side of the water source heat pump unit form an energy supply circulation pipeline which is mutually connected by three or connected by the two, energy supply circulation working media flow in the energy supply circulation pipeline, the energy supply side of the water source heat pump unit is connected with the user end,
when heating in frosting environment, the connected mode of energy supply circulating line switches as an organic whole phase change energy storage box and is connected with water source heat pump set's water source side, water source heat pump set's water source side is the evaporating end, water source heat pump set's energy supply side is the condensation end.
2. The frostless air-source energy storage type heat pump system of claim 1, wherein the volume of the integrated phase-change energy storage tank satisfies the energy storage capacity of the water-source heat pump unit when the water-source heat pump unit continuously operates for at least 8 hours.
3. The frostless air-source energy-storage heat pump system of claim 1, wherein before the integrated phase-change energy-storage tank supplies heat energy, the connection mode of the energy-supply circulation pipeline is switched to at least connect the air-coolant heat exchanger with the integrated phase-change energy-storage tank.
4. The frostless air-source energy-storage heat pump system of claim 1, wherein the user terminal comprises a sensible heat storage water tank and a heat exchanger for supplying indoor energy, and the sensible heat storage water tank and the heat exchanger are connected with the energy supply side of the water-source heat pump unit to form a user circulation pipeline which can be switched with each other and is connected with the sensible heat storage water tank and the heat exchanger for supplying indoor energy.
5. The frostless air source energy storage type heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein in a summer refrigeration condition, the connection mode of the energy supply circulation pipeline is switched to be an integrated phase change energy storage tank to be connected with a water source side of the water source heat pump unit, the water source side of the water source heat pump unit is a condensation end, and the energy supply side of the water source heat pump unit is an evaporation end.
6. The frostless air source energy storage type heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the integrated phase change energy storage tank comprises a shell and a core, the core is located in the shell and comprises a plurality of ice storage units, the ice storage units comprise flat heat pipes, the side faces of the flat heat pipes are tightly attached to finned pipes formed by a plurality of cavities, two ends of each finned pipe are open, phase change working media are filled between the shell and the core and in the finned pipes, the end parts of the flat heat pipes are longer than those of the finned pipes on two sides, the lengthened parts are attached to flat water pipes, each flat water pipe is connected with the flat heat pipes of the plurality of ice storage units in series, the flat water pipes are connected with an inlet main pipe and an outlet main pipe in parallel, the inlet main pipe is provided with two inlets, and the outlet main pipe is provided with two outlets:
under the working condition of heat energy storage, an air source ice melting energy storage inlet and an air source ice melting energy storage outlet are connected with the air-secondary refrigerant heat exchanger to form an energy supply circulating pipeline;
the heat pump unit ice storage energy supply inlet and outlet are connected with the heat pump unit to form a circulation loop.
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| CN201920360840.7U CN210345955U (en) | 2019-03-21 | 2019-03-21 | Frostless air source energy storage type heat pump system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109883082A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-06-14 | 淄博博一新能源科技发展有限公司 | A kind of no frosting air source energy-saving formula heat pump system and its application method |
| CN113757761A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-12-07 | 浙江中广电器股份有限公司 | Heat pump heating equipment and control method thereof |
| CN115059952A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-09-16 | 常州大学 | Ice source heat pump system and device utilizing phase change density difference for heat exchange |
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2019
- 2019-03-21 CN CN201920360840.7U patent/CN210345955U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109883082A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-06-14 | 淄博博一新能源科技发展有限公司 | A kind of no frosting air source energy-saving formula heat pump system and its application method |
| CN109883082B (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2023-12-08 | 淄博博一新能源科技发展有限公司 | Frostless air source energy storage type heat pump system and use method thereof |
| CN113757761A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-12-07 | 浙江中广电器股份有限公司 | Heat pump heating equipment and control method thereof |
| CN113757761B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2023-01-31 | 浙江中广电器集团股份有限公司 | Heat pump heating equipment and control method thereof |
| CN115059952A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-09-16 | 常州大学 | Ice source heat pump system and device utilizing phase change density difference for heat exchange |
| CN115059952B (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-06-27 | 常州大学 | Ice source heat pump system and device utilizing phase change density difference for heat exchange |
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