CN210314798U - Carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing equipment - Google Patents
Carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN210314798U CN210314798U CN201920588786.1U CN201920588786U CN210314798U CN 210314798 U CN210314798 U CN 210314798U CN 201920588786 U CN201920588786 U CN 201920588786U CN 210314798 U CN210314798 U CN 210314798U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing apparatus mainly comprises unreeling device, draw gear A, atmoseal end cover, graphitizing furnace main part, cladding aircraft nose, extruder, drying device, draw gear B, receipts silk device. The devices are sequentially arranged, the air sealing end cover is fixed at the left end of the graphitization furnace main body through a bolt, the right end of the graphitization furnace main body is connected with the sizing coating machine head, the side surface of the coating machine head is connected with a small-sized extruder, and the drying device, the traction device B and the wire collecting device are sequentially arranged on the right side of the coating machine head. The utility model discloses well graphitization furnace export is direct to be connected with the cladding aircraft nose, has saved the inert gas in exit and has sealed, has saved the use amount of argon gas. Sizing agent is through the extrusion, and the texture is even closely knit, closely laminates with the fibre surface, owing to starching under the environment that has pressure, the conjunctiva of sizing agent is better than the impregnation effect in the sizing agent dressing trough, and fibre surface involucra is more compact, promotes preparation combined material's performance.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a carbon fiber graphitization processing makes the field, especially relates to a carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing apparatus and carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing method.
Background
The carbon fiber is an inorganic polymer fiber material with the carbon content higher than 90%, and has excellent mechanical property, high strength, high modulus, electric and heat conduction, low density and small thermal expansion coefficient, so that the carbon fiber is widely applied to the fields of national defense and military industry, aerospace, civil construction, sports goods and the like, the carbon fiber is graphitized at the high temperature of 2000-3000 ℃ in inert gas to further remove elements such as N and the like in the carbon fiber, the carbon element is further enriched, the carbon content is up to more than 99%, the graphite microcrystal arrangement is more regular through graphitization, the microcrystal size is increased, the microcrystal interlayer spacing is reduced, and the modulus is higher.
In the fiber processing process, because the carbon fiber is a brittle material, the friction and the stretching between the fiber and a machine body and between the fiber and the fiber in the processing process cause the fiber monofilament to break, thereby causing broken filaments and broken filaments. The broken filaments can cause matrix resin to be incapable of fully wetting the carbon fibers, pores are generated in the composite material, and therefore the mechanical property of the composite material is affected, the broken filaments fly to the place, circuit breaking accidents of electrical equipment, instruments and the like are caused, production and safety are seriously affected, harm can be brought to health of operators, production interruption can be caused due to broken filaments, and therefore the fibers are subjected to sizing treatment, smoothness, toughness and wear resistance are given to the fibers, and active functional groups on the surfaces of the fibers can be protected.
The existing carbon fiber sizing method mainly comprises a transfer method, an impregnation method and a spraying method, wherein the common method is the impregnation method, and sizing is finished by immersing fibers into a size tank; the sizing agent is mainly prepared into oily emulsion and aqueous emulsion by taking epoxy resin as a main agent and various auxiliary agents as auxiliary agents, and the sizing agents are various and need to be adjusted according to the process because the sizing agents are respectively special for different matrix resins. Because the fibers are contacted with air before sizing, the sizing agent is exposed in the air, the surface is polluted to a certain extent, and the sizing agent can be deposited when standing in a size tank. In the sizing process, as the sizing agent is volatilized, deposited and taken away, the concentration of the emulsion in the size box is changed, and the uneven sizing on the surface of the fiber is caused.
The sizing agent is epoxy resin as main agent, and the epoxy resin has good film forming property, can generate firm and tough film on the surface of the fiber and plays a role in protecting the fiber well. In order to achieve better abrasion resistance, it is necessary to use epoxy resin with larger molecular weight, and the larger the molecular weight of the epoxy resin is, the stronger the bundling property of the sized and dried fiber is, that is, the monofilaments in a bundle of fibers are tightly bound together by the sizing agent and are difficult to separate, resulting in poor fiber opening property. Good opening can produce excellent prepreg and prepare for producing carbon fiber reinforced composite material.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
For solving current sizing agent kind is various, and the starching process is easily received air pollution, the starching is inhomogeneous, and it is poor and the starching process lags behind to open fine nature, easily causes the broken silk problem that produces before the starching of broken filament, the utility model provides a not only can improve the adaptability to different kind sizing agents to can improve the quality of fibre starching, guarantee fibrous wearability and open fine nature and production efficiency's method and equipment.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose is as follows: a carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing device mainly comprises a filament releasing device, a traction device A, a gas seal end cover, a graphitization furnace main body, a coating machine head, an extruder, a drying device, a traction device B and a filament collecting device. The device is sequentially arranged, wherein the wire releasing device is arranged at the leftmost end, the traction device A is arranged at the left side of the graphitization furnace main body, the gas seal end cover is fixed at the left end of the graphitization furnace main body through a bolt, the right end of the graphitization furnace main body is connected with the sizing coating machine head, the side surface of the coating machine head is connected with a small-sized extruder, and the drying device, the traction device B and the wire collecting device are sequentially arranged at the right side of the coating machine head.
When the equipment works, the traction device A and the traction device B on two sides of the graphitization furnace exert a drafting force on the carbon fibers through speed difference control, the carbon fibers enter the graphitization furnace through a wire inlet of the air seal end cover under the traction of the traction device, and the air seal end cover is provided with an air inlet for introducing protective gas argon, so that outside air is prevented from entering the graphitization furnace through the wire inlet; the graphitization furnace is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and argon can enter the graphitization furnace through the air inlet and is discharged through the air outlet, so that an inert gas protection environment is formed in the graphitization furnace; a single or a plurality of laser transmission ports are uniformly arranged on the graphitization furnace in the circumferential direction, and a laser can heat the carbon fiber under the protection of inert gas through the laser transmission window; the carbon fiber after being graphitized by the laser enters a sizing coating machine head through a guide rod, and an extruder supplies materials to the coating machine head to enable a sizing agent to be coated on the surface of the carbon fiber; and the sized carbon fibers enter the drying device from the outlet of the neck mold to be dried, and then enter the filament collecting device through the traction device B to be collected into coils.
The utility model relates to a carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing apparatus, its cladding aircraft nose open with the extruder junction has the pressure release mouth to through pressure release mouth connection pressure valve, when aircraft nose internal pressure surpassed the setting value, the pressure valve was opened and is carried out the pressure release, guarantees that the sizing agent can not flow back to the graphitization stove because aircraft nose pressure is too big.
The utility model relates to a carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing apparatus, its extruder export can install the filter screen additional for clear away the impurity that probably exists in the sizing agent.
The utility model relates to a carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing apparatus, the exit diameter of its bush can be not equidimension to can change after demolising the fixed plate, make equipment can carry out the sizing to the carbon fiber of different silk bundle thicknesses, also can adjust the sizing thickness of same model silk bundle carbon fiber.
The utility model relates to a carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing apparatus can install additional in its drying-machine and open the fine roller, opens fine roller and can be the bow-shaped pole of rubber for the fibre silk bundle opens fine when sizing agent has not solidified yet, falls into little silk bundle carbon fiber, also can not install additional and open fine roller, directly carries out drying process to whole carbon fiber.
The utility model relates to a carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing apparatus, its observation window can be used to install infrared thermometer and carry out real-time temperature measurement and observe laser graphitization process.
Concrete process method
The device of the utility model is adopted to carry out the sizing method, firstly, the carbon fiber which needs graphitization and sizing is threaded from the traction device A to the traction device B through the graphitization furnace, the cladding machine head and the dryer; then opening an air pump and an argon purifier, and introducing high-purity argon while pumping the graphitizing furnace; when an oxygen analyzer at the gas outlet detects that the concentration of argon in the furnace reaches the standard, starting a traction device to enable the carbon fibers to move under the action of the traction device A and the traction device B; then, a laser red light button is opened, the laser firstly outputs red light to position and point, the position of a laser head is adjusted, and a laser emission button of the laser is opened to start laser heating on the carbon fiber after the laser heating position reaches a set position; then opening the extruder to supply materials to the coating machine head, and finishing the sizing process of the carbon fibers by the coating machine head; then the carbon fiber enters a drying device for drying treatment or fiber opening treatment on the carbon fiber; and finally, after untreated carbon fibers in the process of wire leading are removed at the wire collecting device, continuously collecting the wires and coiling the wires.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the extruder screw can be replaced to adapt to different types of sizing agents such as thermosetting, thermoplastic and the like, and the extruder has wide application and strong adaptability.
The inlet and the outlet of the pure graphitization furnace are sealed by inert gas, and the outlet of the graphitization furnace is directly connected with the coating machine head, so that the inert gas sealing at the outlet is omitted, and the using amount of argon is saved.
After graphitization is finished, sizing treatment is directly carried out, contact with air is avoided, the surface is clean, the surface quality of fiber tows is improved, and the mechanical property of the fibers is improved; meanwhile, the filament moving distance is short, broken filaments caused by friction among fibers are reduced, the surface quality of the fibers is guaranteed, and the production efficiency is improved.
Sizing agent is through the extrusion, and the texture is even closely knit, and closely laminate with the fibre surface moreover, owing to starching under the environment that has pressure, the conjunctiva of sizing agent is better than the impregnation effect in the sizing agent dressing trough, and the involucra on fibre surface is more compact, promotes preparation combined material's performance.
The sizing agent is sized in the machine head, so that the contact with impurities in the air is avoided, the change of each component of the sizing agent caused by volatilization and deposition is also avoided, and the quality of the sizing agent is ensured.
The sizing agent can be epoxy resin with large molecular weight, so that the wear resistance is improved, and after sizing, fiber opening is carried out in time when the sizing agent is not dried and bonded together, so that the fibers have good fiber opening performance, and high-quality prepreg can be prepared to prepare for manufacturing composite materials. The contradiction between bundling property and fiber opening property is solved.
The laser heating is used in the graphitization furnace, the temperature and the heating point are controlled more accurately, controllable preparation can be realized, the fiber temperature can be rapidly increased to more than 2500 ℃, the temperature of surrounding equipment is lower, the energy consumption is low, and the service life of the equipment is long.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of fiber opening on the fiber opening roller after fiber sizing prepared by the carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing device of the utility model.
In the figure: 1-filament discharging device, 2-traction device A, 3-air seal end cover air inlet, 4-air seal end cover, 5-graphitization furnace main body, 6-laser transmission port, 7-observation window, 8-inert gas inlet, 9-inert gas outlet, 10-guide rod, 11-cladding machine head, 12-fixing plate, 13-neck mold, 14-filter screen, 15-extruder screw, 16-extruder, 17-drying device, 18-fiber opening roller, 19-traction device B, 20-filament collecting device.
Detailed Description
The utility model relates to a carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing apparatus, as shown in figure 1, mainly include filament unwinding device 1, draw gear A2, atmoseal end cover 4, graphitizing furnace main part 5, cladding aircraft nose 11, extruder 16, drying device 17, draw gear 19, receive a device 20. The filament discharging device 1 is installed on the left side of a traction device A2, a traction device 2A is arranged on the left side of a graphitization furnace main body 5, speed ratio rollers of the traction device A2 and the traction device B19 apply a carbon fiber drafting force, and fibers enter the graphitization furnace main body 5 through a filament inlet of a gas seal end cover 4; the end part of the furnace body is sealed by an air seal end cover 4, argon is introduced through an air inlet 3 of the air seal end cover, and air is prevented from entering the interior of the main body 5 of the graphitization furnace through a wire inlet; pumping out air in the furnace from an air outlet 8 by using an air pump, and simultaneously introducing high-purity argon into the furnace through an air inlet 9 to maintain the inert gas protection environment in the graphitization furnace; when the oxygen analyzer at the gas outlet 8 detects that the gas in the furnace meets the requirements, the laser heats the carbon fibers from all directions through the laser transmission port 6; the infrared thermometer can measure the temperature of the heating area in real time through the observation window 7; the carbon fiber after being graphitized by laser enters a coating machine head 11 through a guide rod 10, an extruder 16 provides a sizing agent to the coating machine head through a screw 15, and a filter screen 14 can filter the sizing agent; the neck ring mold 13 is arranged on the cladding machine head 11 through a fixing plate 12 and can be replaced according to requirements, and carbon fibers are sized in the cladding machine head 11 and then enter a drying device 17 through the neck ring mold 13 to be dried; the drying device 17 can be additionally provided with a fiber opening roller 18, and the fiber opening roller 18 can be a rubber arch-shaped round rod and is used for opening fiber tows when a sizing agent is not solidified and dividing the fiber tows into small tow carbon fibers; the carbon fibers are then passed through a traction device 19 to a take-up device 20 to be collected into a roll.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the emulsified sizing agent comprises the following components: (1) a main agent: bisphenol a epoxy resin, (2) diluent: ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, (3) emulsifier: aromatic nonionic emulsifier, (4) lubricant: butyl stearate, (5) solvent: and (3) water. Wherein, the materials (1), (2), (3) and (4) are stirred and mixed at high speed, are mixed evenly at 50-60 ℃, then (5) is added, the stirring speed is reduced, the materials are stirred and mixed fully at the temperature of below 40 ℃ to be even, and emulsification phase inversion is carried out to obtain the milky emulsion sizing agent.
PAN-based carbon fiber is adopted, under the action of a drafting force, the fiber moving speed is 60mm/min through a speed ratio roller of a traction device A2 and a traction device B19, argon enters a graphitization furnace main body 5 from a fiber inlet of an air sealing end cover 4, the argon enters the graphitization furnace through an argon purifier through an air inlet 9, the inlet pressure is 0.25MPa, a micro air suction pump is connected to an air outlet 8, the air suction speed is 0-5L/min, when graphitized gas meets the requirement, a laser heats the carbon fiber in the graphitization furnace through a laser transmission window 6, all components of a sizing agent enter an extruder 16 through a feeding port, after an emulsification process, the components are extruded by a screw rod 15 of the extruder in a rotating mode, bubbles in the sizing agent are removed by extrusion, the sizing agent is conveyed forwards, the rotating speed of the screw rod is controlled at 70r/min, an emulsion enters a coating machine head 11 after insoluble impurities are, the carbon fiber enters a coating machine head 11 through a guide rod 10, a sizing agent is tightly coated on the surface of the fiber, sizing is extruded through a neck mold 13, the just sized tows enter a drying device 17 for drying, and can be opened when the sizing agent is not solidified through an opening roller 19 according to needs to be divided into small tow carbon fibers, the small tow carbon fibers can be dried in the drying device 17 after opening and expanding, the set temperature of the drying device 17 is 180-210 ℃, and the sized carbon fibers are collected by a fiber collecting device 20 after drying.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing apparatus which characterized in that: the device mainly comprises a wire releasing device, a traction device A, a gas seal end cover, a graphitization furnace main body, a coating machine head, an extruder, a drying device, a traction device B and a wire collecting device which are sequentially arranged, wherein the wire releasing device is arranged at the leftmost end, the traction device A is arranged at the left side of the graphitization furnace main body, the gas seal end cover is fixed at the left end of the graphitization furnace main body through a bolt, the right end of the graphitization furnace main body is connected with a sizing coating machine head, the side surface of the coating machine head is connected with a small-sized extruder, and the drying device, the traction device B and the wire collecting device are sequentially arranged at the right side of the; a plurality of laser transmission openings are arranged on the graphitization furnace singly or uniformly in the circumferential direction.
2. The carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the gas seal end cover is provided with a gas inlet, the graphitization furnace is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and argon can enter the graphitization furnace through the gas inlet and is discharged through the gas outlet.
3. The carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the connection part of the coating machine head and the extruder is provided with a pressure relief opening, and the pressure relief opening is connected with a pressure valve.
4. The carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the outlet of the extruder is additionally provided with a filter screen.
5. The carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the dryer can be additionally provided with a fiber opening roller which is a rubber arched round rod.
6. The carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: an observation window is arranged on the main body of the graphitization furnace.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920588786.1U CN210314798U (en) | 2019-04-27 | 2019-04-27 | Carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing equipment |
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| CN201920588786.1U CN210314798U (en) | 2019-04-27 | 2019-04-27 | Carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing equipment |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110042583A (en) * | 2019-04-27 | 2019-07-23 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of carbon fiber laser graphite device for sizing and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110042583A (en) * | 2019-04-27 | 2019-07-23 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of carbon fiber laser graphite device for sizing and method |
| CN110042583B (en) * | 2019-04-27 | 2023-06-30 | 北京化工大学 | Carbon fiber laser graphitization sizing equipment and method |
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