CN210269097U

CN210269097U - Drop hammer impact testing machine for track system

Info

Publication number: CN210269097U
Application number: CN201920802515.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高晓刚; 王安斌; 徐忠辉; 褚怀映
Original assignee: Shanghai University of Engineering Science
Current assignee: Shanghai University of Engineering Science
Priority date: 2019-05-30
Filing date: 2019-05-30
Publication date: 2020-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-30

Abstract

The utility model relates to a rail system hammer impact tester that falls, including guide rail (1), railway ballast case (2), rack system (3), hoist engine system (4), hammer frame system (5), crossbeam system (6), steel wire rope that falls, railway ballast case (2) are arranged in between two guide rail (1), wait to detect sleeper fastener system (12) and arrange railway ballast case (2) in, rack system (3) place on two guide rail (1), crossbeam system (6) set up on rack system (3), hammer frame system (5) are located rack system (3) to be connected with crossbeam system (6), hoist engine system (4) are connected through steel wire rope in crossbeam system (6). The utility model discloses the testing machine can carry out the railway and have the impact load contrast test of the different fasteners of tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. and different sleeper structures, just the utility model has the advantages of good, the parameter setting hommization of experimental repeatability, system degree of automation and stability are high, test efficiency is high.

Description

Drop hammer impact testing machine for track system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the track traffic and specifically relates to a rail system impact testing machine that drops hammer is related to.

Background

With the development of railway technology and the formation of a line network system, rail traffic gradually becomes a very important traffic means in the modern society, on one hand, the distance between a railway network and buildings along the line is closer and closer, and particularly, the distance is close to the buildings in urban traffic lines; on the other hand, the problems of vibration and noise of buildings caused by train operation are also receiving more and more attention, so that the problems of safety and environmental protection of the lines in the rail transit are not ignored. In order to research and verify the dynamic impact and attenuation effects of a vehicle on a rail system when a wheel rail is in contact with the rail, the impact attenuation effects of different rail fasteners and sleepers are tested in a laboratory, and the impact attenuation effects of the rail sleeper system are compared and evaluated by utilizing the strain test values of a reference base plate and a test base plate in the rail sleeper system.

The existing rail system drop hammer impact testing machine is generally a manual drop hammer, namely, a drop hammer frame is lifted to a certain height through a manual rope, and then the drop hammer frame is released instantly to enable the drop hammer frame to freely fall and contact a rail part to generate impact. This set of simple structure is convenient, but manual drop hammer impact is mentiond and the parameter of whereabouts can't prepare the setting at every turn, and the parameter variation is great, leads to data acquisition to differ when repeated test many times, and experimental repeatability is poor, and manual drop hammer machine removes and drop hammer in-process intensity of labour is big simultaneously, and efficiency is very low.

Chinese utility model patent ZL201821465528.6 discloses a subway damping fastener drop hammer impact test device. The device comprises a cross beam and two tripods as supporting parts of the device; a drop hammer impact member freely movable on the cross member; a locking component and an adjusting component for fixing the drop hammer at the required height. The device can accurately position the position of a sample piece, and can apply the falling shaft impact load on sleepers and track plates with different sizes. Although the device adopts a motor-driven chain guide lifting drop hammer system, the device does not simulate the free dynamic impact condition of a vehicle on a track system when a real wheel rail is contacted, screw setting is required to be carried out again for different height parameters in the measurement process, the reading of a pointer type displacement meter is not accurate enough, the repeatability of the test is poor, particularly for a ballast track system, and a locking device gear and a gear wheel line slideway are always in an unstressed anti-meshing state in the free falling process of a hammer body, and the device combines the railway standard BS EN 13146-3: 2012, the free drop hammer state of the hammer body is limited to a certain extent, and the test data result is influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a track system impact testing machine that drops hammer that reliability is high, data repeatability is good, convenient to use in order to overcome the defect that above-mentioned prior art exists.

The purpose of the utility model can be realized through the following technical scheme:

a rail system drop hammer impact testing machine comprises guide rails, railway ballast boxes, a rack system, a winch system, a drop hammer frame system, a beam system and a steel wire rope, wherein the railway ballast boxes are arranged between the two guide rails, a sleeper fastener system to be detected is arranged in the railway ballast boxes, the rack system is arranged on the two guide rails, and is in contact with and rolls on the guide rails through four wheels below a rack; the beam system is arranged on the rack system, the drop hammer frame system is positioned in the rack system and connected with the beam system, and the beam system is connected with the winch system through a steel wire rope.

Furthermore, the rack system comprises a support frame crossing the track, four wheels are arranged at the bottom of the support frame, the four wheels are in contact with the guide rail and roll on the guide rail, an upper platform is arranged at the top of the support frame, a hammer falling hole is formed in the center of the upper platform, two upright posts and a tooth socket guide post are arranged on two sides of the upper platform, a tooth profile strip matched with the tooth socket guide post is arranged on the inner side of the tooth socket guide post, and support beams are arranged at the tops of the two upright posts and.

Furthermore, two fixed pulleys are arranged at the top of the supporting beam, one end of the steel wire rope is connected with the beam system, and the other end of the steel wire rope bypasses the two fixed pulleys to be connected with the winch system.

Furthermore, the wheels are also provided with locking devices for fixing the rack system on the track.

Furthermore, the drop hammer frame system is positioned below the cross beam system, two sides of the drop hammer frame system are sleeved on the two stand columns, the bottom of the drop hammer frame system is provided with a hammer body, the upper part of the drop hammer frame system is provided with a hanging ring and a stop pin hole, and two sides of the drop hammer frame system are provided with secondary impact prevention mechanisms.

Furthermore, a detachable hammer head is arranged below the hammer body, and a rubber pad is arranged at the disassembling position of the hammer head;

the secondary impact prevention mechanism is matched with the rack system tooth profile, when the hammer head contacts the sleeper fastener system to be detected, the secondary impact prevention mechanisms on two sides extend out of and are clamped on the rack system tooth profile, and the hammer falling rack system is prevented from generating secondary impact.

Furthermore, the beam system comprises a beam, a lifting hook and a stop pin, wherein the lifting hook and the stop pin are arranged at the lower end of the beam, two ends of the beam penetrate through the upright column, the upper surface of the beam is connected with a steel wire rope, the lower surface of the beam is connected with a drop hammer frame system through the lifting hook and the stop pin, the lifting hook is matched with the lifting ring, and the stop pin is matched with the stop pin hole; the cross beam system moves up and down on the upright post through the control cabinet and the winch system, and the falling hammer frame system moves up or freely falls along with the cross beam system by controlling the connection or disconnection of the stop pin, the lifting hook, the stop pin hole and the lifting ring.

Furthermore, the winch system is arranged on an upper platform of the rack system, the winch system is a commercially available winch, and two fixed pulleys at the top of the rack system are connected with the beam system through steel wires.

Further, the railway ballast case place below rack system and between two guide rails, the railway ballast is put to the incasement, it includes rail, fastener, sleeper and foil gage to detect sleeper fastener system, the rail passes through the fastener to be fixed on the sleeper, will be according to railway standard BS EN 13146-3 on the sleeper: 2012 strain gauges are arranged in advance, wherein the mounting height h of the strain gauges meets the requirement that h is less than 25mm and is more than 10mm, and the strain gauges are connected with an external acquisition system for data acquisition.

Furthermore, the testing machine is further provided with a control cabinet, a user interaction interface, a switch and an operating handle are arranged on the control cabinet, the user interaction interface is used for inputting test parameters including the ascending height of the cross beam and the test times, the switch comprises a switch for controlling starting, pausing, scram, debugging, automation, manual operation, a lifting hook, a stop pin and a secondary impact prevention mechanism, and the operating handle controls the winch system to rotate forwards and backwards to stretch a steel wire rope so as to realize the up-and-down movement of the cross beam.

The air compressor provides an air pressure power source for the whole testing machine; before the test, the control cabinet is provided with the height and the impact frequency of the hammer falling frame system, the secondary impact prevention mechanism is closed, the lifting hook is opened and hung on the lifting ring, the stop pin is inserted into the stop pin hole, the hammer falling frame system is connected on the cross beam system, the beam system is pulled by a steel wire rope of the winch system, so that the hammer falling frame system is driven to rise to a set height, then, the lifting hook is opened, the stop pin is drawn out from the stop pin hole, the drop hammer frame system freely falls along the tooth socket guide post, the hammer body impacts the sleeper fastener system to be detected pre-buried in the box body through the drop hammer hole on the rack system, the system of the sleeper fastener to be detected generates impact, and the impact is generated by a strain gage on the sleeper and an external data acquisition system, meanwhile, the secondary impact prevention mechanism is automatically opened, the drop hammer frame system is fixed on the tooth-shaped strip on the rack system, the secondary impact on the steel rail is prevented, and the testing machine completes primary drop hammer impact at the moment. After the system finishes one-time hammer falling, the control cabinet controls the beam system to automatically descend, when the beam system descends to the hammer falling frame system, the lifting hook of the beam system is automatically opened and penetrates into the lifting ring of the hammer falling frame system, the stop pin is automatically opened and inserted into the stop pin hole of the hammer falling frame system, and the system starts a second test.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses have with following beneficial effect:

(1) the utility model designs a testing machine structure for simulating the impact load generated by the contact of the wheel and the rail on the track structure, so that the impact process of the drop hammer is completely and automatically controlled, the influence of the boundary condition in the impact process of the drop hammer is small, the reliability of the tested data result is high, the artificial error is avoided, the test repeatability is good, the operation is simple and convenient, and the labor intensity is reduced;

(2) the drop hammer frame system designed by the utility model adopts the detachable hammer heads, different hardness, weight and material are changed according to the test requirements, and the fasteners can select different structures for carrying out contrast tests, so that the testing machine has good universality, wide application range, more rigorous testing process and high reliability;

(3) the utility model discloses utilize and prevent that secondary strikes structure and tooth's socket guide pillar avoid the hammer head to carry out the secondary to the rail and strike for the test result is more reliable, passes the stand and drop the hammer and strike subassembly and crossbeam and make it can only move about from top to bottom, has increased the stability of system, and the frame bottom adopts the wheel that has locking device and track contact, and packs into the railway ballast in the railway ballast case, has effectively simulated the impact load that the train produced to the track structure when passing through, and system stability is good.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rack system;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a drop hammer rack system;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a beam system;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a ballast box;

in the figure: 1-guide rail, 2-ballast box, 3-rack system, 4-winch system, 5-drop hammer frame system, 6-beam system, 7-gullet guide column, 9-fixed pulley, 11-upright column, 12-sleeper fastener system to be detected, 31-wheel, 32-locking mechanism, 33-drop hammer hole, 34-tooth bar, 35-support frame, 36-upper platform, 37-support beam, 51-hammer body, 52-lifting ring, 53-pin hole, 54-secondary impact prevention mechanism, 55-rubber pad, 56-hammer head, 61-lifting hook, 62-stop pin, 63-beam, 121-steel rail, 122-fastener, 123-sleeper, 124-strain gauge.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, the rail system drop hammer impact testing machine comprises guide rails 1, a railway ballast box 2, a rack system 3, a winch system 4, a drop hammer frame system 5, a beam system 6 and a steel wire rope 8, wherein the railway ballast box 2 is arranged between the two guide rails 1, a railway ballast box 2 is arranged in a railway ballast box 12 to be detected, the rack system 3 is arranged on the two guide rails 1, the beam system 6 is arranged on the rack system 3, the drop hammer frame system 5 is arranged in the rack system 3 and connected with the beam system 6, and the beam system 6 is connected with the winch system 4 through the steel wire rope 8.

As shown in fig. 2, the rack system 3 includes a support frame 35 crossing over the guide rail 1, four wheels 31 are arranged at the bottom of the support frame 35, and contact with and roll on the guide rail 1, a locking device 32 for fixing the rack system 3 on the guide rail 1 is further arranged on the wheels 31, an upper platform 36 is arranged at the top of the support frame 35, a hammer dropping hole 33 is arranged at the center of the upper platform 36, two upright posts 11 and a tooth socket guide post 7 are arranged at two sides, a tooth-shaped strip 34 matched with the tooth socket guide post 7 is arranged at the inner side of the tooth socket guide post 7, support beams 37 are arranged at the tops of the two upright posts 11 and the tooth socket guide post 7, two fixed pulleys 9 are arranged at the top of the support beams 37, one end of the steel wire rope 8 is connected with the beam system 6, the other end of the steel wire rope bypasses the two fixed.

The drop hammer frame system 5 is located below the beam system 6, and has a structure shown in fig. 3, two sides of the drop hammer frame system are sleeved on the two upright posts 11, the bottom of the drop hammer frame system is provided with a hammer body 51, the upper part of the drop hammer frame system is provided with a hanging ring 52 and a stop pin hole 53, and two sides of the drop hammer frame system are provided with a secondary impact prevention mechanism 54. A detachable hammer head 56 is arranged below the hammer body 51, a rubber pad 55 is arranged at the detachable position of the hammer head 56, and different hardness, weight and materials can be replaced according to experiment requirements; the secondary impact prevention mechanism 54 is matched with the rack bar 34 of the rack system 3, and when the hammer head 56 contacts the sleeper fastener system 12 to be detected, the secondary impact prevention mechanisms 54 on the two sides extend out of and are clamped on the rack bar 34 of the rack system 3, so that the secondary impact generated by the drop hammer rack system 5 is prevented.

As shown in fig. 4, the beam system 6 includes a beam 63, and a hook 61 and a stopper pin 62 provided at a lower end of the beam 63, wherein two ends of the beam 63 are inserted into the column 11, the hook 61 is matched with the hanging ring 52, and the stopper pin 62 is matched with the stopper pin hole 53;

the railway ballast box 2 is placed below the rack system 3 and between the two guide rails 1, railway ballasts are stored in the box, the sleeper fastener system 12 to be detected comprises steel rails 121, fasteners 122, sleepers 123 and strain gauges 124, the steel rails 121 are fixed on the sleepers 123 through the fasteners 122, and the sleepers 123 are fixed on the sleepers according to the railway standard BS EN 13146-3: 2012, the strain gauge 124 is arranged in advance, wherein the installation height h of the strain gauge 124 satisfies 10mm < h < 25mm, and the strain gauge 124 is connected with an external acquisition system for data acquisition.

The testing machine is provided with a control cabinet, the control cabinet is provided with a user interaction interface, a switch and an operating handle, the user interaction interface is used for inputting test parameters and comprises the ascending height of the cross beam 63 and the test times, the switch comprises a switch for controlling starting, pausing, scram, debugging, automation, manual operation, a lifting hook, a stop pin and the secondary impact prevention mechanism 32, and the operating handle controls the winch system 4 to rotate forwards and backwards to stretch the steel wire rope 8 so as to realize the up-and-down movement of the cross beam 63. The whole system provides an air pressure power source for the whole testing machine through the air compressor.

Before a test, a pneumatic pump thimble of the secondary impact prevention mechanism 54 pops up and pushes a bent caliper to enable one bent end of the bent caliper to be recovered and not to be contacted with the toothed strip 34, a lifting hook 61 and a stop pin 62 are opened under the control of a pneumatic pump, the lifting hook 61 and the stop pin 62 are respectively hung on a lifting ring 52 and inserted into a stop pin hole 53, a drop hammer frame system 5 is connected to a cross beam system 6, the cross beam system 6 is pulled through a steel wire rope 8 to drive the drop hammer frame system 5 to rise to a set height, during the test, the lifting hook 61 is opened, the stop pin 62 is pulled out of the stop pin hole 53, the drop hammer frame system 5 freely falls along a tooth socket guide post 7, a hammer body 51 impacts an embedded sleeper structure 12 in a railway ballast box 2 through a drop hammer hole 33 on a rack system 3 to generate impact on the sleeper fastener system 12, a strain sheet 124 on a sleeper 123 and an external data acquisition system are connected, meanwhile, the pneumatic pump thimble in the secondary impact prevention mechanism 54 is contracted, the bent caliper is pulled to be clamped, the hammer falling frame system 5 is fixed on the rack system 3 to prevent the secondary impact on the steel rail, and the testing machine finishes the primary hammer falling impact; when the set experiment times is more than 1, after the system finishes one hammer drop, the beam system 6 descends to the hammer drop frame system 5 again, the lifting hook 61 is opened to be hung on the lifting ring 52, the stop pin 62 is inserted into the stop pin hole 53, and the system performs a second experiment.

The foregoing has described in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the teachings of the present invention without undue experimentation. Therefore, the technical solutions that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concepts of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a rail system hammer impact testing machine that falls, its characterized in that includes guide rail (1), railway ballast case (2), rack system (3), hoist engine system (4), hammer frame system (5), crossbeam system (6), steel wire rope (8) that fall, railway ballast case (2) arrange in between two guide rail (1), treat that sleeper fastener system (12) are arranged in railway ballast case (2), rack system (3) place on two guide rail (1), crossbeam system (6) set up on rack system (3), hammer frame system (5) that fall be located rack system (3) to be connected with crossbeam system (6), crossbeam system (6) connect hoist engine system (4) through steel wire rope (8).

2. The rail system drop hammer impact tester as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rack system (3) comprises a support frame (35) crossing the guide rail (1), the bottom of the support frame (35) is provided with four wheels (31) which are in contact with the guide rail (1) and roll on the guide rail, the top of the support frame (35) is provided with an upper platform (36), the center of the upper platform (36) is provided with a drop hammer hole (33), two sides of the upper platform are provided with two columns (11) and a gullet guide post (7), the inner side of the gullet guide post (7) is provided with a profile strip (34) matched with the upper platform, and the tops of the two columns (11) and the gullet guide post (7) are provided with a support beam (37).

3. The rail system drop hammer impact tester as claimed in claim 2, wherein two fixed pulleys (9) are provided on the top of the supporting beam (37), one end of the steel wire rope (8) is connected with the beam system (6), and the other end of the steel wire rope passes around the two fixed pulleys (9) to be connected with the winch system (4).

4. A rail system drop hammer impact tester as claimed in claim 2, wherein the wheels (31) are further provided with locking means (32) for fixing the frame system (3) to the guide rail (1).

5. The rail system drop hammer impact tester as claimed in claim 2, wherein the drop hammer frame system (5) is located below the beam system (6), and is sleeved on the two columns (11) at two sides, the bottom of the drop hammer frame system is provided with a hammer body (51), the upper part of the drop hammer frame system is provided with a hanging ring (52) and a stop pin hole (53), and the two sides of the drop hammer frame system are provided with secondary impact prevention mechanisms (54).

6. The rail system drop hammer impact tester as claimed in claim 5, wherein a detachable hammer head (56) is arranged below the hammer body (51), and a rubber pad (55) is arranged at the detachable position of the hammer head (56);

the secondary impact prevention mechanism (54) is matched with the rack system (3) rack (34), and when the hammer head (56) contacts the sleeper fastener system (12) to be detected, the secondary impact prevention mechanisms (54) on two sides extend out of and are clamped on the rack system (3) rack (34), so that the secondary impact generated by the drop hammer rack system (5) is prevented.

7. The rail system drop hammer impact tester as claimed in claim 5, wherein the beam system (6) comprises a beam (63), and a hook (61) and a stop pin (62) arranged at the lower end of the beam system, both ends of the beam (63) are arranged on the upright post (11) in a penetrating manner, the hook (61) is matched with the hanging ring (52), and the stop pin (62) is matched with the stop pin hole (53).

8. A rail system drop hammer impact tester as claimed in claim 2, wherein the winch system (4) is disposed on the upper platform (36) of the frame system (3).

9. The rail system drop hammer impact testing machine is characterized in that a railway ballast box (2) is placed below a rack system (3) and between two guide rails (1), railway ballasts are stored in the box, a railway sleeper fastener system (12) to be tested comprises steel rails (121), fasteners (122), sleepers (123) and strain gauges (124), the steel rails (121) are fixed on the sleepers (123) through the fasteners (122), the strain gauges (124) are arranged on the sleepers (123) in advance, the mounting height h of the strain gauges (124) meets the condition that 10mm < h < 25mm, and the strain gauges (124) are connected with an external acquisition system for data acquisition.

10. The rail system drop hammer impact tester of claim 1, wherein the tester is further provided with a control cabinet, the control cabinet is provided with a user interaction interface, a switch and an operating handle, the user interaction interface is used for inputting test parameters, including the lifting height of the cross beam (63) and the test times, and the switch comprises a switch for controlling the start, pause, scram, debugging, automation, manual operation, lifting hook, stop pin and secondary impact prevention mechanism (54).