CN210264663U

CN210264663U - Rotary spiral type gas anchor

Info

Publication number: CN210264663U
Application number: CN201920732481.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 廖锐全; 张慢来; 张昭; 刘自龙
Original assignee: Yangtze University
Current assignee: Yangtze University
Priority date: 2019-05-21
Filing date: 2019-05-21
Publication date: 2020-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-21

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rotary spiral gas anchor, which comprises an anchor shell, wherein one end of the anchor shell is provided with an upper joint, the other end of the anchor shell is provided with a lower joint, a central tube which is arranged along the axial extension is arranged in the anchor shell, and the middle part of the central tube is rotatably provided with a spirochaeta; one end of the spiral body is installed on the central pipe through the first rotating piece, and the other end of the spiral body extends towards the upper joint and is installed on the central pipe through the second rotating piece; an annular mounting step is arranged on the outer ring of one end, close to the lower joint, of the central pipe, and the annular mounting step is abutted to the first rotating piece; and a pressing spring is sleeved on the outer ring of one end of the central tube close to the upper joint, one end of the pressing spring is abutted against the second rotating piece, and the other end of the pressing spring is abutted against the upper joint. The utility model discloses utilize gas, liquid fluid to strike the spirochaeta and make it produce rotatoryly, rotatory spirochaeta can make gas, liquid have more efficient separation effect.

Description

Rotary spiral type gas anchor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a technical field of oil exploration exploitation, concretely relates to rotatory spiral gas anchor.

Background

In the field of oil exploration and exploitation, because a large amount of free gas is contained in the high gas-liquid ratio block fluid, the gas seriously influences the pump efficiency when an oil well pump is used for oil extraction, and a gas anchor is required to be matched with the oil well pump to separate the gas in the gas-liquid mixed fluid so as to reduce the influence of the gas on the pump efficiency. The main types of the existing gas anchor comprise a gravity difference separation type gas anchor, a spiral gas anchor and a combined type gas anchor, and the main types of the existing gas anchor are as follows:

firstly, a gravity difference separation type air anchor and a weighing force type air anchor are mainly composed of an upper joint 2, an anchor outer body 15, a central tube 4, a lower joint 3 and the like as shown in figure 1. The principle is to separate gas phase by using the slip effect generated by the difference of gas and liquid density. When the plunger of the oil pump pumps upwards, the gas-liquid mixture enters an annular space sedimentation cavity formed by the anchor outer body and the inner pipe from the inlet and the outlet at the upper part of the anchor outer body. When the plunger of the oil well pump descends and stops pumping, the gas-liquid mixture in the sedimentation chamber can enable the gas to float upwards under the action of the gas-liquid density difference, and the gas is discharged when the gas floats to the gas-liquid inlet and outlet of the anchor outer body, so that the influence of the gas entering the pump on the pump efficiency is greatly reduced. The gas anchor has the advantages that: simple structure and low manufacturing cost. The disadvantages are as follows: the separation efficiency is lower, and the method is not suitable for production wells with higher liquid production and high gas-oil ratio. Gas anchors that rely solely on the slippage effect are currently being eliminated.

And secondly, the spiral separation type gas anchor is also called a spiral gas anchor.

(1) The first helical air anchor is described in general in the section "anti-gas pumps and air anchors" (volume 2l, 4 th, 4 months 1993) on the paper, see fig. 2. Mainly comprises the following components: the lower joint 3, the central pipe 4, the spiral piece 16, the air outlet 17, the connecting sleeve 18, the liquid inlet 19, the air outlet 20, the upper joint 2 and the like. The working principle of the gas anchor is as follows: the gas-liquid mixture enters the anchor cavity formed by the central pipe 4 and the connecting sleeve 18 through the liquid inlet hole 19, the gas-liquid fluid rotates and flows in the gas anchor by utilizing the principle of bubble polymerization by centrifugal separation and turbulent fluidization along the flow channel of the spiral piece 16, the centrifugal force of the fluid with different densities is different, the gathered large bubbles flow along the inner side of the spiral, and the liquid with unseparated small bubbles flows along the outer side. The collected large bubbles are continuously collected, rise to the top of the spiral along the inner air outlet hole 17 and are collected into an air cap, and are discharged to the annular space of the oil jacket through the air outlet hole 20. The spiral gas anchor has the advantages of high gas distribution efficiency, compact structure, adaptability to high liquid production amount and high gas-liquid ratio production wells. The disadvantage is that it is not suitable for low production wells.

(2) Analysis of Tahe oilfield gas protection technology (oil machinery 2014, volume 42, phase 7) describes a second spiral gas anchor, as shown in FIG. 3. The structure of the gas collecting device mainly comprises an upper connector 2, an exhaust pipe 21, a check valve 22, a gas collecting hood 23, a jackscrew 24, an outer pipe 25, a helical blade 5.2, a lower connector 3 and the like. The working principle is that the oil-gas mixture enters an annular space between the helical blade 5.2 and the outer pipe 25 through the gas anchor lower joint 3, and during the upward movement along the helical surface, due to the centrifugal force, liquid flow moves upward along the outer side of the helix and enters the pump cylinder through the annular space of the outer pipe 25 and the gas collecting cover 23; the air flow runs along the inner side of the helical blade 5.2, finally forms an air cap in the air collecting hood 23 to open the check valve 22 and is discharged through the exhaust pipe 21. Compared with the air anchor shown in figure 3, the air anchor is additionally provided with an air cap collecting structure part except for a spiral with a similar structural form. Its advantages and disadvantages are the same as those of the gas anchor shown in fig. 3, and the design of the gas collecting part is difficult to verify.

(3) Utility model patent No. 02293298.4 describes a "fan blade type air anchor", as shown in fig. 4. The structure of the device mainly comprises a settling bowl 26, fan blades 27, a spiral plate 28, a gas collecting cylinder 29, a gas collecting hood 23, a check valve 22 and the like. The air anchor is provided with a fan blade at the lower part of the spiral plate 28, the fan blade is driven to rotate by oil-gas mixed liquid rising in the air collecting cylinder, centrifugal action is generated in the rotating process, liquid with higher density and positioned at the edge of the fan blade is thrown to the inner wall of the air collecting cylinder 29, and the liquid is continuously accumulated and finally falls onto the spiral plate 28 below due to gravity; and the gas has lower density than the liquid, is gathered around the axis of the fan blade 27, and when reaching a certain pressure, the top open check valve 22 is discharged to the annular space of the oil pipe and the sleeve pipe through the exhaust passage, thereby achieving the purpose of gas-liquid separation. Compared with the gas anchor shown in the figures 3 and 4, the gas anchor is additionally provided with a rotatable fan blade structure besides a spiral similar to the structure type, and the structure can play a certain role in the rotational flow of gas-liquid fluid.

And thirdly, a combined air anchor, namely an air anchor consisting of different air distribution principles or matching with other tools. The combined gas anchor composed of different gas separation principles of spiral separation and gravity separation, as shown in fig. 2, is formed by lengthening a central tube 4 and a connecting sleeve 18 at the lower part of a spiral to form a longer gravity separation annular deposition cavity. A combined gas anchor consisting of a gas anchor and a packer tool is described in the text "design and separation effect analysis of a spiral downhole oil and gas separator" (petroleum mine machinery, 2011, No. 6, vol 40), as shown in fig. 5. The packer mainly comprises a sleeve 29, an exhaust hole 20, an outer cylinder 30, an eyelet 31, a spiral 32, a central pipe 4, a flow splitting joint 33, a packer 34, an oil pipe 35 and the like. The working principle is that after gas and liquid fluid enters the annular space of the separator through the flow splitting joint 33 along the tail pipe at the lower part of the packer, the gas and the oil are enabled to generate rotary flow at a high speed through the spiral at the upper part outside the central pipe 4. The turbulent and centrifugal separation action accelerates the polymerization of small bubbles, causing the less dense large bubbles to flow along the inside of the spiral and the more dense liquid stream to flow along the outside. The large bubbles flowing along the inside are continuously polymerized and rise to the top of the spiral to be gathered, and the gas is discharged from the vent hole 20 at the top end of the upper connector to the annular space of the sleeve in the form of continuous phase. When the liquid flow containing small bubbles rises to the upper perforated section of the separator, the liquid flow is thrown into the annular space of the oil casing through the perforations. Because the liquid flow velocity in the annular space is suddenly reduced, a part of bubbles carried in the annular space floats upwards and is directly separated into the oil sleeve annular space at the upper part of the separator, and the other part of bubbles with smaller diameter are brought into the annular space, when the downstroke pump stops sucking, the liquid flow velocity in the annular space of the sleeve and the anchor cylinder is zero, and a part of bubbles float upwards into the oil sleeve annular space at the upper part of the separator. Finally, only a small amount of small bubbles are carried by liquid flow in the up stroke and enter the pump along the central pipe through the suction inlet, and the purpose of oil-gas separation is achieved. The combined gas anchor with the structure type can utilize the cross section space of a shaft to the maximum extent, has larger design space, can fully play the roles of spiral centrifugal separation and gravity settling separation, and ensures that the gas separation efficiency is effectively improved. However, due to the arrangement of the packer, the construction is inconvenient, the effective period of the packer is short, the production is influenced, and the sand production well cannot be used.

In summary, in order to solve the above contradiction and increase the coverage of the gas anchor for effective treatment of the flow, it is very significant to research and design a rotary screw combined gas anchor.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to overcome above-mentioned background art not enough, provide a rotatory spiral gas anchor, this gas anchor utilizes gas, liquid fluid to strike the spirochaeta and makes it produce rotatoryly, and rotatory spirochaeta can be so that divide the gas effect higher, the effect is better, and the gas-liquid output scope that is suitable for moreover is big.

In order to achieve the purpose, the rotary spiral gas anchor comprises an anchor shell, wherein one end of the anchor shell is provided with an upper joint, the other end of the anchor shell is provided with a lower joint, a central pipe which extends in the axial direction is arranged in the anchor shell, and the middle part of the central pipe is rotatably provided with a spiral body; one end of the spiral body is installed on the central pipe through the first rotating piece, and the other end of the spiral body extends towards the upper joint and is installed on the central pipe through the second rotating piece; an annular mounting step is arranged on the outer ring of one end, close to the lower joint, of the central pipe, and the annular mounting step is abutted to the first rotating piece; and a pressing spring is sleeved on the outer ring of one end of the central tube close to the upper joint, one end of the pressing spring is abutted against the second rotating piece, and the other end of the pressing spring is abutted against the upper joint.

In the technical scheme, a plurality of circulation holes are formed in one end, close to the upper joint, of the anchor shell along the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the anchor shell.

In the technical scheme, one end of the central pipe close to the lower joint is provided with a through hole.

In the technical scheme, one end of the anchor shell is in threaded connection with the upper joint, and the other end of the anchor shell is in threaded connection with the lower joint.

In the technical scheme, inner walls of two ends of the anchor shell are provided with inner threads, and outer walls of the upper joint and the lower joint are provided with outer threads matched with the inner threads.

In the technical scheme, one end of the central pipe is inserted in the upper connector and is hermetically connected with the upper connector through the sealing ring, and the other end of the central pipe is inserted in the lower connector and is fixedly connected with the lower connector.

In the above technical scheme, the spiral body comprises a hollow cylinder body, and the outer wall of the cylinder body is provided with spiral blades which continuously extend along the axial direction of the cylinder body.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, first rotating member includes first pad and first supporting ring, a lateral surface and the annular installation step butt of first pad, be provided with first thrust bearing between another lateral surface of first pad and a lateral surface of first supporting ring, another lateral surface and the spirochaeta fixed connection of first supporting ring.

In the above technical scheme, the middle part of the first supporting pad is provided with a stepped through hole, and the middle part of the first supporting ring is provided with an installation through hole.

In the above technical scheme, the second rotating member includes a second support pad and a second support ring, a side end face of the second support pad abuts against the compression spring, a second thrust bearing is arranged between the other side end face of the second support pad and the side end face of the second support ring, and the other side end face of the second support ring is fixedly connected with the spiral body.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of as follows:

one of which, the utility model discloses a rotatory spiral gas anchor design has rotatable spirochaeta, and the atress and the migration mode of gas-liquid particle when the rotation of spiral has changed former fixed spiral gas-liquid separation, and the spiral of current gas anchor is fixed knot structure pattern, and the gas-liquid particle is produced centrifugal force by the helicoidal way water conservancy diversion under the pressure differential effect, and the particle only can obtain higher centrifugal acceleration and produce better separation effect when high-speed flowing. Due to the intervention of the rotatable spiral body, gas-liquid particles are not only guided by the spiral channel to generate centrifugal force, but also are driven to rotate when being swept by the spiral blades, the centrifugal effect generated by the particles is far greater than that of the gas-liquid particles, and the particles are like substances on a rotating disc, namely, the particles can be easily centrifuged to be thrown to the periphery at a lower rotating speed; in addition, when the spiral rotates, the relative speed between the fluid and the blades is reduced, the friction resistance is reduced, and the gas-liquid separation state formed after centrifugation is not easy to mix again; in addition, inertia generated by rotation of the helical blades has a driving force around the fluid, the circumferential speed of the fluid is improved, the centrifugal force is increased, and therefore the gas-liquid separation efficiency is better.

Two, the utility model discloses a rotatory spiral gas anchor compares with current flabellum formula gas anchor, because current flabellum structure is very short on axial length, only produces the whirl at axial length part, and the utility model discloses a rotatory whole axial length of spiral produce the effect simultaneously to the fluid, can play the continuous separation effect to the gas-liquid fluid.

Thirdly, the utility model discloses because of the spiral rotation, realized two kinds of separation modes to the gas-liquid, firstly the rotatory centrifugal separation of helical path is followed to the gas-liquid, secondly the compulsory centrifugal separation when receiving the rotatory drive of helical blade. In addition, the gas-liquid yield range suitable for treatment is wider, and the spiral cannot be driven to rotate under the condition of lower flow, so that the condition is the state of highest efficiency of the conventional fixed spiral gas anchor like the working principle of the conventional fixed spiral gas anchor; when the gas-liquid volume increase that needs were handled, the spiral was strikeed rotatoryly, intervenes like "turbine" again, and helical blade is rotatory to drive liquid phase centrifugal separation's effect reinforcing, so the utility model discloses a gas-liquid output scope of rotatory spiral gas anchor adaptation is big, divide the gas effect higher, the effect is better.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional gravity difference separation type gas anchor;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first prior art helical gas anchor;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second prior art helical gas anchor;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a conventional fan blade air anchor;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a prior art modular gas anchor;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the rotary spiral gas anchor of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the center tube of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the screw of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the first support pad of FIG. 6;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of the first support ring of FIG. 6;

in the figure: 1-anchor shell, 2-upper joint, 3-lower joint, 4-central tube, 5-spiral body, 5.1-cylinder body, 5.2-spiral blade, 6-first rotating member, 6.1-first supporting pad, 6.11-step through hole, 6.2-first supporting ring, 6.21-mounting through hole, 6.3-first thrust bearing, 7-second rotating member, 7.1-second supporting pad, 7.2-second supporting ring, 7.3-second thrust bearing, 8-annular mounting step, 9-pressing spring, 10-circulating hole, 11-through hole, 12-internal thread, 13-external thread, 14-sealing ring, 15-anchor outer body, 16-spiral sheet, 17-air outlet hole, 18-connecting sleeve, 19-liquid inlet hole, 20-air outlet hole, 21-exhaust pipe, 22-check valve, 23-gas collecting hood, 24-jackscrew, 25-outer pipe, 26-settling bowl, 27-fan blade, 28-spiral plate, 29-sleeve, 30-outer cylinder, 31-hole, 32-spiral, 33-shunt joint, 34-packer and 35-oil pipe.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description will be given with reference to the embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention, and are given by way of example only. While the advantages of the invention will be apparent and readily appreciated by the description.

A rotatory spiral gas anchor as shown in figure 6, including anchor shell 1, the one end of anchor shell 1 is provided with top connection 2, and the other end is provided with lower clutch 3, the one end and the 2 threaded connection of top connection of anchor shell 1, the other end and 3 threaded connection of lower clutch. The inner walls of the two ends of the anchor shell 1 are provided with internal threads 12, and the outer walls of the upper joint 2 and the lower joint 3 are provided with external threads 13 matched with the internal threads 12. A central pipe 4 extending along the axial direction is arranged in the anchor shell 1, one end of the central pipe 4 is inserted in the upper connector 2 and is connected with the upper connector in a sealing mode through a sealing ring 14, and the other end of the central pipe 4 is inserted in the lower connector 3 and is fixedly connected with the lower connector. One end of the anchor shell 1 close to the upper joint 2 is provided with a plurality of circulation holes 10 along the circumferential direction of the outer wall, and one end of the central tube 4 close to the lower joint 3 is provided with a through hole 11.

In the above technical scheme, the middle part of center tube 4 is rotatory to be provided with spirochaeta 5, spirochaeta 5's one end is installed on center tube 4 through first rotating member 6, and the other end extends through second rotating member 7 and installs on center tube 4 towards top connection 2. As shown in fig. 7, an annular mounting step 8 is arranged on the outer ring of one end of the central tube 4 close to the lower joint 3, and the annular mounting step 8 is abutted with the first rotating member 6. As shown in fig. 8, the spiral body 5 comprises a hollow cylinder 5.1, and the outer wall of the cylinder 5.1 is provided with a spiral blade 5.2 continuously extending along the axial direction thereof.

In the above technical solution, the first rotating member 6 includes a first support pad 6.1 and a first support ring 6.2, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, a stepped through hole 6.11 is provided in the middle of the first support pad 6.1, and an installation through hole 6.21 is provided in the middle of the first support ring 6.2. One side end face of the first supporting pad 6.1 is abutted to the annular mounting step 8, a first thrust bearing 6.3 is arranged between the other side end face of the first supporting pad 6.1 and one side end face of the first supporting ring 6.2, and the other side end face of the first supporting ring 6.2 is fixedly connected with the spiral body 5.

In the above technical scheme, the pressing spring 9 is sleeved on the outer ring of one end of the central tube 4 close to the upper joint 2, one end of the pressing spring 9 is abutted to the second rotating member 7, and the other end of the pressing spring is abutted to the upper joint 2. The second rotating part 7 comprises a second supporting pad 7.1 and a second supporting ring 7.2, one side end face of the second supporting pad 7.1 is abutted to the compression spring 9, a second thrust bearing 7.3 is arranged between the other side end face of the second supporting pad 7.1 and one side end face of the second supporting ring 7.2, and the other side end face of the second supporting ring 7.2 is fixedly connected with the spiral body 5.

The utility model discloses rotatory spiral gas anchor's theory of operation specifically as follows:

when the oil pump pumps, a gas-liquid mixture enters the anchor shell 1 through the circulation hole 10 at the upper part of the anchor shell 1, and impacts the spiral body 5 to rotate along with the gas-liquid flow, the gas and the liquid are driven by the spiral body 5 to generate circumferential rotational flow, and the gas phase and the liquid phase generate different centrifugal forces due to density difference, so that the constraint of adhesive force (Steckes force) is eliminated between the gas phase and the liquid phase, the gas phase forms inner rotational flow, and the gas phase is gathered and floats on the inner periphery while moving to the axis along the radial direction. And the liquid phase containing a small amount of small bubbles is thrown to the periphery under the action of inertial centrifugation to form an outer rotational flow which spirally moves downwards from the inner wall of the anchor shell 1 along the radial direction and the axial direction, enters a deposition cavity at the lower part between the anchor shell 1 and the central tube 4, is subjected to gravity separation again, and then enters the oil well pump through a through hole 11 at the lower part of the central tube 4. When the plunger of the oil well pump descends and stops pumping, the air anchor stops sucking, and a liquid phase containing a small amount of bubbles in a deposition cavity at the lower part between the anchor shell 1 and the central tube 4 floats upwards and is collected to the upper part under the action of gas-liquid density difference. And the gas gathered at the inner periphery of the spiral body 5 when the pumping is stopped is discharged from the flow hole 10 at the upper part of the anchor shell 1 under the action of gravity difference and enters the oil sleeve annulus.

Others not described in detail are within the prior art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a rotatory spiral gas anchor, includes anchor shell (1), the one end of anchor shell (1) is provided with top connection (2), and the other end is provided with lower clutch (3), its characterized in that: a central pipe (4) extending along the axial direction is arranged in the anchor shell (1), and a spiral body (5) is rotatably arranged in the middle of the central pipe (4);

one end of the spiral body (5) is installed on the central pipe (4) through a first rotating piece (6), and the other end of the spiral body extends towards the upper joint (2) and is installed on the central pipe (4) through a second rotating piece (7);

an annular mounting step (8) is arranged on the outer ring of one end, close to the lower joint (3), of the central pipe (4), and the annular mounting step (8) is abutted to the first rotating piece (6);

the center tube (4) is close to one end outer lane cover of top connection (2) and is equipped with pressure spring (9), the one end and the second rotating member (7) butt of pressure spring (9), the other end and top connection (2) butt.

2. The rotary helical gas anchor of claim 1, wherein: one end of the anchor shell (1) close to the upper joint (2) is provided with a plurality of circulation holes (10) along the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the anchor shell.

3. The rotary helical gas anchor of claim 2, wherein: one end of the central tube (4) close to the lower joint (3) is provided with a through hole (11).

4. A rotary helical gas anchor according to claim 3, wherein: one end of the anchor shell (1) is in threaded connection with the upper connector (2), and the other end of the anchor shell is in threaded connection with the lower connector (3).

5. The rotary helical gas anchor of claim 4, wherein: the anchor shell is characterized in that inner walls of two ends of the anchor shell (1) are provided with inner threads (12), and outer walls of the upper joint (2) and the lower joint (3) are provided with outer threads (13) matched with the inner threads (12).

6. The rotary helical gas anchor of claim 5, wherein: one end of the central pipe (4) is inserted into the upper connector (2) and is hermetically connected with the upper connector through a sealing ring (14), and the other end of the central pipe is inserted into the lower connector (3) and is fixedly connected with the lower connector.

7. A rotary helical gas anchor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the spiral body (5) comprises a hollow cylinder body (5.1), and the outer wall of the cylinder body (5.1) is provided with spiral blades (5.2) which continuously extend along the axial direction of the cylinder body.

8. The rotary helical gas anchor of claim 7, wherein: first rotating member (6) include first pad (6.1) and first supporting ring (6.2), a lateral surface and annular installation step (8) butt of first pad (6.1), be provided with first thrust bearing (6.3) between the opposite side terminal surface of first pad (6.1) and a lateral surface of first supporting ring (6.2), the opposite side terminal surface and spirochaeta (5) fixed connection of first supporting ring (6.2).

9. The rotary helical gas anchor of claim 8, wherein: the middle part of the first supporting pad (6.1) is provided with a step through hole (6.11), and the middle part of the first supporting ring (6.2) is provided with an installation through hole (6.21).

10. The rotary helical gas anchor of claim 9, wherein: the second rotating piece (7) comprises a second supporting pad (7.1) and a second supporting ring (7.2), one side end face of the second supporting pad (7.1) is abutted to the compression spring (9), a second thrust bearing (7.3) is arranged between the other side end face of the second supporting pad (7.1) and one side end face of the second supporting ring (7.2), and the other side end face of the second supporting ring (7.2) is fixedly connected with the spiral body (5).