CN210220297U - Automatic variable-load air source heat pump for preparing high-temperature hot water from ultralow-temperature air - Google Patents
Automatic variable-load air source heat pump for preparing high-temperature hot water from ultralow-temperature air Download PDFInfo
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- CN210220297U CN210220297U CN201920237250.5U CN201920237250U CN210220297U CN 210220297 U CN210220297 U CN 210220297U CN 201920237250 U CN201920237250 U CN 201920237250U CN 210220297 U CN210220297 U CN 210220297U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an automatic variable load air source heat pump of high temperature hot water is prepared to ultra-low temperature air belongs to electric heat pump application category. The heat pump is provided with a two-stage gas-liquid separator and a liquid storage tank with variable working medium filling amount and variable working medium proportion, can work in ultralow temperature air (below minus 40 ℃) to prepare high-temperature hot water (above 80 ℃) to meet the requirements of hot water for heat supply and process production, adopts high-pressure-level Freon circulation, low-pressure-level Freon circulation and working medium separation and filling circulation, adopts mixed working medium, can change the flow of the circulating working medium according to different outdoor temperatures and change the proportion of the mixed working medium, solves the problem of low application performance of the air source heat pump in severe cold areas, and has better operation energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of energy utilization, especially relate to the automatic air source heat pump that becomes load of ultra-low temperature air (-below 40 ℃) preparation high temperature hot water (more than 80 ℃).
Background
The air source heat pump technology is increasingly popularized and applied as an energy-saving technology, the air source heat pump can extract heat from outdoor low-temperature air to supply heat to a room, 1 part of electric power can generate more than 1 part of heat due to the fact that COP (coefficient of performance) of the air source heat pump is larger than 1, and therefore the air source heat pump has obvious performance advantages compared with an electric boiler and the like, but the air source heat pump is limited by circulation of the air source heat pump, when the temperature of outdoor air is reduced, the COP of the heat pump can be obviously reduced under the condition that the same hot water outlet temperature is kept, particularly the COP of a conventional air source heat pump under extremely cold weather (-30 ℃) is close to 1, the heating capacity of the heat pump is obviously reduced, the heating capacity of the room under extremely cold weather is more, and the heating capacity of the heat pump is reduced.
Because the outdoor air temperature changes remarkably in the whole heating season process, the load required by room heat supply and the heat supply of the heat pump are changed remarkably, the heat supply required by the room is increased along with the reduction of the outdoor temperature, and the actual heat supply of the heat pump is reduced continuously.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a two-stage air source heat pump, be equipped with two-stage vapour and liquid separator and the liquid storage pot that becomes working medium charge volume and become working medium ratio, it can work and prepare high temperature hot water (more than 80 ℃) at ultralow temperature air (-40 ℃) and satisfy heat supply and hot-water demand for technology production, this heat pump adopts high pressure level freon circulation, low pressure level freon circulation and working medium separation and fill notes circulation, set up the double-phase transformation heat exchanger, the low pressure level evaporimeter draws the heat from the air, the air heat release that draws the low pressure level circulation through the double-phase transformation heat exchanger gives the high pressure level circulation, finally the condenser through the high pressure level circulation heats hot water. The air source heat pump adopts the mixed working medium, can obtain better COP under the working condition of larger heat exchange temperature difference, and changes the heat exchange quantity of the heat pump on one hand and meets different heat load requirements under different outdoor temperatures by changing the circulation quantity and the proportion of the mixed working medium in order to match the outdoor air temperature with larger change of different service time; on the other hand, the proportion of the circulating working medium is changed, so that better COP under different outdoor temperatures is obtained, and lower power consumption under the load is obtained. The mixed working medium adopted by the heat pump is prepared by two, three or four pure Freons, wherein the boiling points of the pure Freons are different. When the temperature of outdoor air is high and the heat load required by a user is low, the high-pressure and low-pressure separation valves are opened, part of Freon circulating working medium circulating at high pressure and low pressure enters the vapor-liquid separator, the gas phase in the vapor-liquid separator leaves from the top and returns to continue circulation, and the liquid phase leaves from the bottom and enters the liquid storage device. When the outdoor air temperature is lower, the heat load required by a user is higher, the heat pump needs more working medium circulation, at the moment, the high-pressure and low-pressure separation valves are closed, in order to enable stored Freon in the liquid storage device to return to the system to continue circulation, a mode that part of prepared hot water is bypassed to heat the liquid storage device is adopted, liquid Freon of the liquid storage device is heated to enable the liquid Freon to become steam, and then the filling amount to the high-pressure stage circulation and the low-pressure stage circulation is controlled by the high-pressure and low-pressure filling valves.
The heating process of the air source heat pump is composed of a high-pressure stage circulation and a low-pressure stage circulation, the high-pressure stage circulation comprises a high-pressure compressor 1, a condenser 2, a high-pressure throttle valve 9, a two-phase heat exchanger 4 and a connecting pipeline, the low-pressure stage circulation comprises a low-pressure compressor 3, an evaporator 5, a low-pressure throttle valve 6, a two-phase heat exchanger 4 and a connecting pipeline, the two-phase heat exchanger 4 is used for completing the connection of the high-pressure stage circulation and the low-pressure stage circulation, a Freon medium of the low-pressure stage circulation releases heat in the low-pressure stage circulation, and the Freon medium of the high-pressure. The ultra-low temperature air enters the evaporator 5 through the air inlet 17, is extracted with heat and then exits through the air outlet 18, and the hot water enters the condenser 2 through the hot water inlet 19, is heated and then exits through the hot water outlet 20.
The mixed working medium is heated to be in a steam state in the double-phase conversion heat exchanger 4 in the high-pressure-level circulation, the Freon steam enters the high-pressure compressor 1 to be compressed, the Freon steam after being heated and boosted enters the condenser 2 to be liquid-state Freon after being heated and heated, the liquid-state Freon is changed into a vapor-liquid mixture after passing through the high-pressure throttle valve 9 to enter the double-phase conversion heat exchanger 4, and the vapor-state Freon is changed after absorbing heat, so that the circulation is repeated.
The mixed working medium in the low-pressure stage circulation is heated by outdoor air in the evaporator 5 to become freon steam, the freon steam is compressed after entering the low-pressure compressor 3, the temperature and the pressure are increased, the mixed working medium enters the two-phase converter 4 to release heat to become liquid freon, then the mixed working medium enters the low-pressure throttle valve 6 to become a steam-liquid mixture, and then the mixed working medium enters the evaporator 5 to be heated by the outdoor air to become the freon steam, and the cycle is repeated.
The air source heat pump also comprises a high-pressure separator 10, a low-pressure separator 7, a liquid storage device 8, a high-pressure separation valve 13, a low-pressure separation valve 16, a high-pressure filling valve 14, a low-pressure filling valve 15 and connecting pipelines.
The principle of the separation of the circulating working medium is as follows: in the high-pressure stage circulation, the mixed working medium leaves the condenser 2 and is in a liquid state, part of the circulating working medium passes through the high-pressure separation valve 13, the rest of the circulating working medium continues to circulate through the high-pressure throttle valve 9, the liquid circulating working medium passes through the high-pressure separation valve 13, is subjected to temperature reduction and pressure reduction and enters a vapor-liquid two-phase region, is changed into a vapor-liquid mixture and then enters the high-pressure separator 10, the high-pressure separator 10 is internally provided with a spiral filler, the vapor-liquid mixture is gradually separated in the process that the vapor-liquid mixture flows in the spiral filler, the separated vapor phase is prepared from freons with different boiling points, the freon component with low boiling point in the separated vapor phase is higher, the freon component with high boiling point in the separated liquid phase is higher, the separated vapor phase returns to continue to circulate, and the separated liquid phase enters the liquid storage device to be stored, so that, meanwhile, the component proportion of the circulating working medium is changed, and the process is suitable for the working conditions of high outdoor temperature and low user heat load.
The principle of filling the circulating working medium is as follows: the hot water that the part was prepared is used for heating the liquid freon of storage in stock solution device 8 through stock solution heating valve 12, liquid freon is heated and becomes steam, then fill the fill valve 14 and fill the fill valve 15 with the low pressure through the high pressure and enter into heat pump cycle compressor entrance, the volume of filling can pass through governing valve opening control, accomplish and fill the filling process after, the increase of circulation work quality has not only been realized, the composition ratio of circulation work medium has been changed simultaneously, when this process is applicable to outdoor temperature is lower, the great operating mode of user's heat load.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an automatic variable-load air source heat pump for preparing high-temperature hot water from ultralow-temperature air.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a separator having a spiral packing mounted on the surface of a vertical column, wherein a vapor-liquid mixture is separated into a vapor phase and a liquid phase during the flow of the vapor-liquid mixture over the surface of the spiral packing.
Reference numerals:
1-high pressure compressor, 2-condenser, 3-low pressure compressor, 4-two phase heat exchanger, 5-evaporator, 6-low pressure throttle valve, 7-low pressure separator, 8-liquid storage device, 9-high pressure throttle valve, 10-high pressure separator, 11-hot water valve, 12-liquid storage heating valve, 13-high pressure separation valve, 14-high pressure filling valve, 15-low pressure filling valve, 16-low pressure separation valve, 17-air inlet, 18-air outlet, 19-hot water inlet, 20-hot water outlet
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to perform more detailed description on the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The air source heat pump adopts R134a and R142b as the circulating working media of mixed components, the molar ratio of the two components is 0.5: 0.5, the boiling points of the two working media are different, under the standard atmospheric pressure, the boiling point of R134a is-26.1 ℃, the boiling point of R142b is-9.3 ℃, R134a belongs to a low boiling point working medium, and R142b belongs to a high boiling point working medium.
This heat pump adopts high pressure level freon compression and low pressure level freon compression two-stage circulation, sets up the double-phase conversion heater, and the low pressure level evaporimeter draws the heat from the air, and the air heat that draws through the double-phase conversion heater with the low pressure level circulation releases for the high pressure level circulation, finally heats hot water through the condenser of high pressure level circulation. The air source heat pump adopts the mixed working medium of R134a and R142b, can obtain better COP under the working condition of larger heat exchange temperature difference, and in order to match the outdoor air temperature with larger change of different service time, the heat exchange quantity of the heat pump is changed on one hand by changing the circulation quantity and the proportion of the mixed working medium of R134a and R142b, so as to meet different heat load requirements under different outdoor temperatures; on the other hand, the proportion of the circulating working medium is changed, so that better COP under different outdoor temperatures is obtained, and lower power consumption under the load is obtained.
When the outdoor air temperature is high and the heat load required by a user is low, the high-pressure and low-pressure separation valve is opened, part of the R134a and R142b mixed working medium in high-pressure and low-pressure circulation enters the vapor-liquid separator, the gas phase in the vapor-liquid separator leaves from the top and returns to continue circulation, and the liquid phase leaves from the bottom and enters the liquid storage device, because the boiling points of the two working media in the R134a and R142b mixed working medium are different, the R134a with low boiling point in the gas phase is high in component, and the R142b with high boiling point in the liquid phase is high in component, the vapor-liquid separator not only realizes the reduction of the proportion of the concentration of the R142b in the mixed working medium, but also realizes the separation effect of part of the circulating working medium, thereby changing the proportion. When the outdoor air temperature is lower, the heat load required by a user is higher, the heat pump needs more working medium circulation, at the moment, the high-pressure and low-pressure separation valves are closed, in order to enable stored Freon in the liquid storage device to return to the system to continue circulation, a mode that part of prepared hot water is bypassed to heat the liquid storage device is adopted, liquid Freon of the liquid storage device is heated to enable the liquid Freon to become steam, and then the filling amount to the high-pressure stage circulation and the low-pressure stage circulation is controlled by the high-pressure and low-pressure filling valves.
The heating process of the air source heat pump is composed of a high-pressure stage circulation and a low-pressure stage circulation, the high-pressure stage circulation comprises a high-pressure compressor 1, a condenser 2, a high-pressure throttle valve 9, a two-phase heat exchanger 4 and a connecting pipeline, the low-pressure stage circulation comprises a low-pressure compressor 3, an evaporator 5, a low-pressure throttle valve 6, a two-phase heat exchanger 4 and a connecting pipeline, the two-phase heat exchanger 4 is used for completing the connection of the high-pressure stage circulation and the low-pressure stage circulation, a Freon medium of the low-pressure stage circulation releases heat in the low-pressure stage circulation, and the Freon medium of the high-pressure. The ultra-low temperature air enters the evaporator 5 through the air inlet 17, is extracted with heat and then exits through the air outlet 18, and the hot water enters the condenser 2 through the hot water inlet 19, is heated and then exits through the hot water outlet 20.
The mixed working media R134a and R142b in the high-pressure stage cycle are heated to be in a steam state in the two-phase converter 4, the R134a and R142b steam enters the high-pressure compressor 1 to be compressed, the R134a and R142b steam after temperature and pressure rise enters the condenser 2 to heat hot water, then the mixture of the R134a and R142b becomes a liquid state, the mixture of the R134a and R142b in the liquid state passes through the high-pressure throttle valve 9 to become a vapor-liquid mixture, the mixture enters the two-phase converter 4, the heat is absorbed to become a mixture of the R134a and R142b in the vapor state, and the cycle is repeated.
The mixture of R134a and R142b in the low-pressure stage cycle is heated by outdoor air to become mixture steam of R134a and R142b, the Freon steam is compressed after entering the low-pressure compressor 3, releases heat to become liquid after rising temperature and pressure and enters the two-phase heat exchanger 4, then enters the low-pressure throttle valve 6 to become mixture of vapor and liquid R134a and R142b, and then enters the evaporator 5 to become mixture steam of R134a and R142b after being heated by outdoor air, and the cycle is repeated.
The air source heat pump also comprises a high-pressure separator 10, a low-pressure separator 7, a liquid storage device 8, a high-pressure separation valve 13, a low-pressure separation valve 16, a high-pressure filling valve 14, a low-pressure filling valve 15 and connecting pipelines.
The principle of the separation of the circulating working medium is as follows: in the high-pressure stage circulation, the mixture of R134a and R142b leaves the condenser 2 as liquid, part of the circulating working medium passes through the high-pressure separation valve 13, the rest of the circulating working medium continues to circulate through the high-pressure throttle valve 9, the liquid mixture of R134a and R142b passes through the high-pressure separation valve 13, is cooled and decompressed to enter a vapor-liquid two-phase region, and enters the high-pressure separator 10 after becoming a vapor-liquid mixture, a spiral filling is arranged in the high-pressure separator 10, the vapor phase and the liquid phase of the mixture of R134a and R142b are gradually separated in the process that the vapor-liquid mixture flows on the surface of the spiral filling, the R134a component with low boiling point in the separated vapor phase is high, the R142b with high boiling point in the separated liquid phase is high, the separated vapor phase returns to continue to circulate, and the separated liquid phase enters a liquid storage device to be stored, thus not only realizing the reduction of the quality of the circulating, the process is suitable for the working conditions that the outdoor temperature is high and the heat load of a user is small.
The principle of filling the circulating working medium is as follows: part of the prepared hot water is used for heating the liquid R134a and R142b mixture stored in the liquid storage device 8 through the liquid storage heating valve 12, the liquid R134a and R142b mixture is heated to become steam, then the mixture enters the inlet of the heat pump circulating compressor through the high-pressure filling valve 14 and the low-pressure filling valve 15, the filled R134a and R142b mixture quantity can be controlled through the opening degree of the regulating valve, after the filling process is completed, the increase of the circulating working medium quantity is realized, meanwhile, the component proportion of the circulating working medium is changed, the process is suitable for the working condition that when the outdoor temperature is lower, the heat load of a user is larger.
Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an automatic variable load air source heat pump of high temperature hot water is prepared to ultra-low temperature air which characterized in that: the system is composed of high-pressure stage circulation, low-pressure stage circulation, circulation working medium separation and charging circulation, wherein the circulation working medium is mixed working medium, the high-pressure stage circulation comprises a high-pressure compressor (1), a condenser (2), a high-pressure throttle valve (9), a two-phase heat exchanger (4) and a connecting pipeline, the low-pressure stage circulation comprises a low-pressure compressor (3), an evaporator (5), a low-pressure throttle valve (6), a two-phase heat exchanger (4) and a connecting pipeline, the two-phase heat exchanger (4) is used for completing the connection of the high-pressure stage circulation and the low-pressure stage circulation, the circulation working medium separation and charging circulation comprises a high-pressure separator (10), a low-pressure separator (7), a liquid storage device (8), a high-pressure separation valve (13), a low-pressure separation valve (16), a high-pressure charging valve (14), a low-pressure charging valve, when mixed working media are required to be separated in the operation process of the heat pump, liquid mixed working media in a high-pressure stage circulation enter a high-pressure separator (10) after entering a front part working medium of a high-pressure throttle valve (9) through a high-pressure separation valve (13), a gas-phase mixture leaves from the top of the high-pressure separator (10) and is mixed with a circulating working medium passing through the high-pressure throttle valve (9) and then continuously circulates, liquid-phase mixed working media in the high-pressure separator (10) leave from the bottom and enter a liquid storage device (8), meanwhile, in a low-pressure stage circulation, liquid mixed working media enter a low-pressure separator (7) after entering a front part working medium of a low-pressure throttle valve (6) through a low-pressure separation valve (16), mixed working media passing through the low-pressure separation valve (16) enter a gas-liquid two-phase area, the gas-phase mixture leaves from the top of the low-pressure separator (, the liquid-phase mixed working medium of the low-pressure separator (7) leaves from the bottom and enters a liquid storage device (8); in the operation process of the heat pump, when mixed working medium needs to be filled and filled, the high-pressure separation valve (13) and the low-pressure separation valve (16) are closed, the liquid storage heating valve (12) is opened, and the mixed working medium of high-pressure stage circulation and low-pressure stage circulation is heated by part of prepared hot water and enters the heat pump circulation through the high-pressure filling valve (14) and the low-pressure filling valve (15).
2. The automatic variable-load air source heat pump for preparing high-temperature hot water from ultralow-temperature air as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the mixed working medium of the high-pressure stage circulation and the low-pressure stage circulation is formed by mixing binary, ternary or quaternary pure working media, and the pure working media are fluorocarbon or natural working media.
3. The automatic variable-load air source heat pump for preparing high-temperature hot water from ultralow-temperature air as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in the process of separating the circulating working medium, the liquid mixed working medium of high-pressure stage circulation and low-pressure stage circulation is partially separated before entering a high-pressure throttle valve (9) and a low-pressure throttle valve (6), and is changed into a vapor-liquid mixture after passing through a high-pressure separation valve (13) and a low-pressure separation valve (16), and the total amount of the working medium entering a separator and the proportion of a gas phase and a liquid phase in the vapor-liquid mixture are controlled by controlling the opening degrees of the high-pressure separation valve (13) and the low-pressure separation valve (16); in the process of filling the circulating working medium, the vaporous mixed working medium generated by the liquid storage device (8) is filled into inlets of the high-pressure compressor (1) and the low-pressure compressor (3) at the same time, and the filling amount and the ratio of the circulating working medium required by the high-pressure stage circulation and the low-pressure stage circulation are controlled by controlling the opening degrees of the high-pressure filling valve (14) and the low-pressure filling valve (15).
4. The automatic variable-load air source heat pump for preparing high-temperature hot water from ultralow-temperature air as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the high-pressure separator (10) and the low-pressure separator (7) are internally provided with columns with spiral surfaces, vapor-liquid mixture is continuously subjected to vapor-liquid separation in the flowing process of the spiral surfaces, a gas phase is separated from the top of the separator, and a liquid phase is separated from the bottom of the separator.
5. The automatic variable-load air source heat pump for preparing high-temperature hot water from ultralow-temperature air as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the heating heat source of the liquid storage device (8) is used for heating by bypassing part of the prepared hot water.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920237250.5U CN210220297U (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2019-02-26 | Automatic variable-load air source heat pump for preparing high-temperature hot water from ultralow-temperature air |
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| CN201920237250.5U CN210220297U (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2019-02-26 | Automatic variable-load air source heat pump for preparing high-temperature hot water from ultralow-temperature air |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110220326B (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2024-01-23 | 北京华电东晟科技有限公司 | Automatic variable-load air source heat pump for preparing high-temperature hot water from ultralow-temperature air |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110220326B (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2024-01-23 | 北京华电东晟科技有限公司 | Automatic variable-load air source heat pump for preparing high-temperature hot water from ultralow-temperature air |
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Effective date of registration: 20210412 Address after: 102206 room 703, unit 2, 6 / F, building 3, yard 1, Beiqing Road, Changping District, Beijing Patentee after: Beijing Huadian Dongsheng Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 102206 North China Electric Power University, Changping District, Beijing, Huilongguan, North Road, 2 Patentee before: NORTH CHINA ELECTRIC POWER University |
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