CN210179604U - Steam protection device for superheater of power station boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power plant boiler over heater steam protection device, including subsiding the device, subside the device and connect the one-level over heater, the second grade over heater is connected to the one-level over heater, and tertiary over heater is connected to the second grade over heater, and tertiary over heater passes through bypass line and the one-level over heater is connected. The utility model has the advantages that: this device sets up a settlement device in the vapor exit linkage department of superheater import and boiler, is convenient for subside the debris in the vapor to discharge impurity from subsiding the device bottom. The device reduces the problem of large thermal stress generated by countercurrent heat exchange and has very remarkable advantages. Because the heat exchange area of the furnace tubes which are horizontally arranged is larger than that of the furnace tubes which are vertically arranged in the same height, the furnace tubes are fixed by adopting fixed steel, and the condition that the furnace tubes are out of line is avoided. This device adds the high-pressure bypass of a way between one-level superheater and tertiary superheater, has reduced the danger of boiler tube explosion.

Description

Steam protection device for superheater of power station boiler

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a power plant boiler technical field especially relates to a power plant boiler over heater steam protection device.

Background

The utility boiler is a special equipment directly heated by flame with high temperature and high pressure, has potential danger of leakage and explosion, causes non-planned shutdown to stop production, power off, influences the safety of the power grid, and causes huge equipment loss, economic loss and even casualties. In various accidents of the existing large-scale power station unit set, leakage accidents caused by blasting damage of four pipes (coal economizer, water wall, superheater and reheater pipes) of a boiler are common and serious. In view of the important significance of safe operation of power station boilers, the developed industrial countries in the world have long promulgated relevant regulations, specifications and standards to strictly control the design, construction, installation, operation and inspection processes. The superheater is the most vulnerable part of the utility boiler, and is of more interest. The superheater structure used in the existing power station boiler mainly comprises an I type, a V type and a W type, furnace tubes are vertically arranged, and the flow direction of steam is vertical to the direction of flue gas scouring. As the size of the utility boiler is generally large, the vertical span of the superheater can reach tens of meters, and the steam flows in the boiler tube suddenly. When the steam goes downward, the pressure and the gravity direction are the same, and no steam flows power. When the steam goes upward, the pressure is opposite to the gravity direction, the pressure is power, and the gravity is resistance. Under the pushing of such variable external forces, the flow state of the steam in the furnace tube is unstable, the speed change is abrupt, and even front and back fluid collision can occur to cause energy loss, so that the heat transfer efficiency is reduced. Meanwhile, because the vertical span is large, a large bending moment can be generated by a small impact force at the bottom of the furnace tube. Under the thrust of uneven high-speed flue gas flow, the condition of single-heel furnace tube discharge is easy to occur. Once the furnace tube is out of line, the furnace tube is completely exposed to the flue gas and suffers from more serious scouring, the furnace tube metal is scoured by the flue gas at a higher speed and falls off, and finally the tube is exploded, and once the tube is exploded, the effect is not obvious.

The steam superheater is an essential important part of a power station boiler and consists of a large number of tube bundles which are arranged in a certain sequence. The superheater absorbs the heat of high-temperature flue gas, heat the vapor to rated overheat temperature from the saturation temperature, carry the steam turbine again and do work, start the initial stage at power boiler, the boiler need experience long-time hot state after igniteing and washes the process, the steam yield of production this moment is few, flow through one-level superheater, will have great on-way resistance after the second grade superheater, the steam flow that leads to tertiary superheater is little, the velocity of flow is low, the cooling effect is poor, and tertiary superheater department smoke temperature is higher, under the combined action of internal and external factor, the pipe explosion accident has taken place.

The superheater heats the superheated steam under corresponding pressure with the saturated steam under certain pressure in the boiler, and the superheater import is direct to link to each other with the vapor outlet of boiler, and inevitable can produce some debris in the vapor that the boiler produced can be carried to the superheater under high temperature pressure, can cause the jam of superheater in the past for a long time, influences the life of superheater.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a power plant boiler over heater steam protection device, to above technical defect and propose, this device sets up one in the vapor outlet junction of over heater import and boiler and subsides the device, is convenient for subside the debris in the vapor to discharge impurity from subsiding the device bottom. The device is improved on the basis of I type, V type and W type in the prior art, is designed into a bent pipe, has both a downstream part and a reverse part when in heat exchange, overcomes the defect of low efficiency of downstream heat exchange, reduces the problem of large thermal stress generated by reverse heat exchange, and has very remarkable advantages. Because the heat exchange area of the furnace tubes which are horizontally arranged is larger than that of the furnace tubes which are vertically arranged in the same height, the furnace tubes are fixed by adopting fixed steel, and the condition that the furnace tubes are out of line is avoided. This device adds the high-pressure bypass of a way between one-level superheater and tertiary superheater, has reduced the danger of boiler tube explosion.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a power plant boiler over heater steam protection device, is including subsiding device, one-level over heater, second grade over heater, tertiary over heater, first pipeline, steam booster pump and second pipeline, subsides the device and connects one-level over heater, and the second grade over heater is connected to the one-level over heater, and tertiary over heater is connected to the second grade over heater, and tertiary over heater passes through bypass pipeline and one-level over heater connection.

Further, the primary superheater, the secondary superheater and the tertiary superheater are identical in structure.

Further, the one-level over heater includes import collection case, heat exchange tube, fixed steel ring and export collection case, and import collection case and a plurality of heat exchange tube intercommunication that set up side by side, heat exchange tube and export collection case intercommunication are spacing fixed through fixed steel ring between a plurality of heat exchange tubes that set up side by side.

Further, subside the device and include boiler steam outlet, flange, steam intake pipe, steam outlet duct, settling cask, row's cinder notch and filter, boiler steam outlet passes through flange and steam intake pipe fixed connection, and inside the steam intake pipe runs through the lateral wall of settling cask and extends to the settling cask, and settling cask bottom is the obconic, the bottom is equipped with row's cinder notch, steam outlet duct one end is located inside the settling cask to extend to inside the filter, the steam outlet duct other end and import collection case intercommunication.

Furthermore, the filter is cylindrical, a plurality of air inlet holes are formed in the bottom and the side of the filter, and an air outlet is formed in the top of the filter.

Further, the bypass pipeline comprises a first pipeline, a steam booster pump and a second pipeline, an inlet header of the one-level superheater is communicated with the second pipeline, an output port of the second pipeline is communicated with the steam booster pump, an input end of the steam booster pump is communicated with the first pipeline, and the first pipeline is communicated with an outlet header of the three-level superheater.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has: one is as follows: this device sets up one through the vapor exit linkage department at superheater import and boiler and subsides the device, is convenient for subside the debris in the vapor to can be discharged impurity from the sediment device bottom row cinder notch. The second step is as follows: the device is improved on the basis of I type, V type and W type in the prior art, is designed into a bent pipe, has both a downstream part and a reverse part when in heat exchange, overcomes the defect of low efficiency of downstream heat exchange, reduces the problem of large thermal stress generated by reverse heat exchange, and has very remarkable advantages. Because the heat exchange area of the furnace tubes which are horizontally arranged is larger than that of the furnace tubes which are vertically arranged in the same height, the furnace tubes are fixed by adopting fixed steel, and the condition that the furnace tubes are out of line is avoided. And thirdly: this device adds the high-pressure bypass of a way between one-level superheater and tertiary superheater, has reduced the danger of boiler tube explosion.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a primary superheater of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the position a of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the filter of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a settling device; 1-1, a boiler steam outlet; 1-2, flanges; 1-3, a steam inlet pipe; 1-4, a steam outlet pipe; 1-5, a settling tank; 1-6, a slag discharge port; 1-7, a filter; 1-71, air inlet holes; 1-72 and an air outlet; 2. a primary superheater; 2-1, an inlet header; 2-2, heat exchange tubes; 2-3, fixing a steel ring; 2-4, an outlet header; 3. a secondary superheater; 4. a tertiary superheater; 5. a first conduit; 6. a steam booster pump; 7. a second conduit.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1-4, a power plant boiler superheater steam protection device, including subsiding device 1, one-level superheater 2, second grade superheater 3, tertiary superheater 4, first pipeline 5, steam booster pump 6 and second pipeline 7, subside device 1 and connect one-level superheater 2, second grade superheater 3 is connected to one-level superheater 2, tertiary superheater 4 is connected to second grade superheater 3, tertiary superheater 4 passes through bypass line and one-level superheater 2 connects.

The primary superheater 2, the secondary superheater 3 and the tertiary superheater 4 are identical in structure.

The primary superheater 2 comprises an inlet header 2-1, heat exchange tubes 2-2, a fixing steel ring 2-3 and an outlet header 2-4, the inlet header 2-1 is communicated with the plurality of heat exchange tubes 2-2 arranged side by side, the heat exchange tubes 2-2 are communicated with the outlet header 2-4, and the plurality of heat exchange tubes 2-2 arranged side by side are limited and fixed through the fixing steel ring 2-3. The heat exchange tubes 2-2 are arranged into the bent tubes which are arranged side by side, although certain manufacturing cost can be increased structurally, the economic benefit brought in the using process far exceeds the manufacturing cost of manufacturing the arc-shaped turning structure, the operation reliability of the power station boiler in the using process can be effectively ensured, the economic loss brought by parking and overhauling is obvious, and direct or indirect economic benefit is brought to the power station boiler.

The settling device 1 comprises a boiler steam outlet 1-1, a flange 1-2, a steam inlet pipe 1-3, a steam outlet pipe 1-4, a settling tank 1-5, a slag discharge port 1-6 and a filter 1-7, wherein the boiler steam outlet 1-1 is fixedly connected with the steam inlet pipe 1-3 through the flange 1-2, the steam inlet pipe 1-3 penetrates through the side wall of the settling tank 1-5 and extends into the settling tank 1-5, the bottom of the settling tank 1-5 is in an inverted cone shape, the slag discharge port 1-6 is arranged at the bottom, one end of the steam outlet pipe 1-4 is located inside the settling tank 1-5 and extends into the filter 1-7, and the other end of the steam outlet pipe 1-4 is communicated with an inlet header 2-1. A high temperature resistant valve is arranged at the position 1-6 of the slag discharge port.

Wherein, the filter 1-7 is in a cylindrical shape, the bottom and the side part of the filter 1-7 are provided with a plurality of air inlet holes 1-71, and the top of the filter 1-7 is provided with an air outlet 1-72.

The bypass pipeline comprises a first pipeline 5, a steam booster pump 6 and a second pipeline 7, an inlet header 2-1 of the primary superheater 2 is communicated with the second pipeline 7, the second pipeline 7 is communicated with an output port of the steam booster pump 6, an input end of the steam booster pump 6 is communicated with the first pipeline 5, and the first pipeline 5 is communicated with an outlet header of the tertiary superheater 4.

It should be noted that, the utility model relates to a power station boiler superheater steam protection device, during the use, steam that produces in the boiler enters into settling cask 1-5 behind boiler steam outlet 1-1 and steam intake pipe 1-3, impurity subsides in settling cask 1-5, steam continues to enter into steam outlet duct 1-4 through filter 1-7, then pass through one-level superheater 2, second level superheater 3 and tertiary superheater 4 in proper order, and absorb the heat in one-level superheater 2, second level superheater 3 and tertiary superheater 4 and heat up and step up, form high-pressure superheated steam, high-pressure superheated steam is after the pressure reduction effect of bypass pipeline, temperature and pressure all reduce to some extent, under the effect of bypass pipeline, dredge the high temperature high pressure steam in tertiary superheater 4 to the import collection case 2-1 department of one-level superheater 2, not only make the high temperature high pressure steam in the tertiary superheater 4 send to in the one-level superheater 2 with it balanced, be convenient for moreover the gaseous circulation in one-level superheater 2, secondary superheater 3 and the tertiary superheater 4, prevent that one-level superheater 2, secondary superheater 3 and tertiary superheater 4 from blockking up.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a power plant boiler over heater steam protection device, is including subsiding device, one-level over heater, second grade over heater, tertiary over heater, first pipeline, steam booster pump and second pipeline, its characterized in that: subside the device and connect one-level superheater, and the second grade superheater is connected to one-level superheater, and the tertiary superheater is connected to the second grade superheater, and the tertiary superheater passes through bypass line and one-level superheater and connects.

2. The utility boiler superheater steam protection device of claim 1, wherein: the primary superheater, the secondary superheater and the tertiary superheater have the same structure.

3. The utility boiler superheater steam protection device of claim 1, wherein: the one-level superheater comprises an inlet header, heat exchange tubes, a fixing steel ring and an outlet header, wherein the inlet header is communicated with a plurality of heat exchange tubes arranged side by side, the heat exchange tubes are communicated with the outlet header, and the plurality of heat exchange tubes arranged side by side are fixed in a limiting manner through the fixing steel ring.

4. The utility boiler superheater steam protection device of claim 1, wherein: subside the device and include boiler steam outlet, flange, steam intake pipe, steam outlet duct, settling cask, row's cinder notch and filter, boiler steam outlet passes through flange and steam intake pipe fixed connection, and inside the steam intake pipe ran through the lateral wall of settling cask and extended to the settling cask, settling cask bottom was the obconic, the bottom was equipped with row's cinder notch, steam outlet duct one end is located inside the settling cask to extend to inside the filter, the steam outlet duct other end and import collection case intercommunication.

5. The utility boiler superheater steam protection device of claim 4, wherein: the filter is in a cylindrical shape, a plurality of air inlet holes are formed in the bottom and the side of the filter, and an air outlet is formed in the top of the filter.

6. The utility boiler superheater steam protection device of claim 1, wherein: the bypass pipeline comprises a first pipeline, a steam booster pump and a second pipeline, an inlet header of the one-level superheater is communicated with the second pipeline, an output port of the second pipeline is communicated with a delivery outlet of the steam booster pump, an input end of the steam booster pump is communicated with the first pipeline, and the first pipeline is communicated with an outlet header of the three-level superheater.

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