CN210177573U

CN210177573U - Hydraulic breaking hammer

Info

Publication number: CN210177573U
Application number: CN201920440543.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林雨才
Original assignee: Taizhou Belite Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Taizhou Belite Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-04-02
Filing date: 2019-04-02
Publication date: 2020-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2029-04-02

Abstract

The utility model provides a hydraulic breaking hammer belongs to hydraulic equipment technical field. It has solved the high problem of cost of maintenance of current quartering hammer. The hydraulic breaking hammer comprises a front cylinder body, a drill rod arranged on the front cylinder body, a middle cylinder body connected with the front cylinder body and a piston arranged in the middle cylinder body, wherein a guide sleeve or/and a piston sleeve is arranged in the front end of the middle cylinder body, and the piston penetrates through the guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve. This structure takes place the wearing and tearing back as uide bushing or/and piston sleeve, changes uide bushing or/and piston sleeve in the well cylinder body for well cylinder body can used repeatedly, has prolonged the life of well cylinder body greatly, greatly reduced the cost of maintenance of quartering hammer, produced apparent economic benefits.

Description

Hydraulic breaking hammer

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydraulic equipment, especially a hydraulic breaking hammer.

Background

The hydraulic breaking hammer is a machine tool capable of converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy so as to apply work to the outside, is mainly used for breaking, dismantling, excavating hard layers and the like, and is usually installed on an excavator, a loader or a power station for use.

At present, the chinese patent network discloses a novel hydraulic nitrogen combined action quartering hammer [ grant No.: CN201695429U, including preceding cylinder body, the drill rod of setting in preceding cylinder body, the back cylinder body of storage nitrogen gas, well cylinder body and setting up piston and the switching-over valve of control oil circuit conversion in well cylinder body, set up preceding working chamber and back working chamber between piston and the well cylinder body, set up the oil circuit passageway on preceding working chamber and the back working chamber, preceding working chamber and main oil circuit communicate with each other, keep normal high pressure state, back working chamber is the oil extraction when the piston return stroke, is the low pressure state, the oil intake when the piston stroke, is the high pressure state. In the piston return stage, the piston compresses nitrogen upwards under the action of high-pressure oil in the front working cavity, the hydraulic oil in the rear working cavity flows back to a hydraulic oil tank through a reversing valve, when the piston rises to a certain position, the reversing valve reverses, and the high-pressure oil enters the rear working cavity; in the piston stroke stage, as the action area of the hydraulic oil in the rear working cavity of the piston is larger than that of the front working cavity, the downward force is larger than the upward force, and the piston moves downward under the combined action of hydraulic pressure and nitrogen pressure and strikes the drill rod. In the process of reciprocating motion of the piston, the front end and the rear end of the middle cylinder body play a role in supporting and guiding the piston, a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the piston and the inner peripheral surfaces of the front end and the rear end of the middle cylinder body is generally several threads, the piston cannot keep absolute centering motion in the process of reciprocating motion, the outer peripheral surface of the piston is easy to rub against the inner walls of the front end and the rear end of the middle cylinder body, so that the inner walls of the front end and the rear end of the middle cylinder body are seriously abraded, the middle cylinder body is scrapped, and the whole middle cylinder body needs to be replaced, the large size of the cylinder body of the large mechanical equipment causes the maintenance cost of the breaking hammer to be large, on the other hand, because the oil circuit design of quartering hammer and other auxiliary components all arrange on well cylinder body, need when changing well cylinder body dismantle numerous auxiliary components from condemned well cylinder body, then install on new well cylinder body, cause the maintenance very inconvenient.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at having the above-mentioned problem to current technique, provided a hydraulic breaking hammer, the utility model aims to solve the technical problem that: how to reduce the pulling phenomenon of the piston and the middle cylinder body and improve the service life of the middle cylinder body.

The purpose of the utility model can be realized by the following technical proposal:

a hydraulic breaking hammer comprises a front cylinder body, a drill rod arranged on the front cylinder body, a middle cylinder body connected with the front cylinder body and a piston arranged in the middle cylinder body, and is characterized in that a guide sleeve is arranged in the front end of the middle cylinder body or/and a piston sleeve is arranged in the rear end of the middle cylinder body, and the piston penetrates through the guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve.

The guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve are arranged at the front end of the middle cylinder body to respectively support the end part of the piston after the guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve are arranged at the rear end of the middle cylinder body to protect the end part of the middle cylinder body, so that the piston is prevented from directly contacting with the inner wall of the end part of the middle cylinder body, the piston rubs with the guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve in the reciprocating movement process, when the guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve are abraded, the guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve in the middle cylinder body can be replaced, so that the middle cylinder body can be repeatedly used, the service life of the middle cylinder body is greatly prolonged, and the middle cylinder body has huge volume and high price, the maintenance cost of tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands is frequently generated in the mode of replacing the middle cylinder body in the prior art, and the abrasion of the structure is generated on the guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve, the guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve are/is low in price, the manufacturing cost is generally thousands, after the structure is adopted, the maintenance cost is reduced to one tenth or one tenth of the original cost, the maintenance cost of the breaking hammer is greatly reduced, and remarkable economic benefit is generated.

In the hydraulic breaking hammer, the inner peripheral surface of the middle cylinder body is provided with the front working cavity and the front working cavity oil inlet, the rear end surface of the guide sleeve extends backwards to form the annular first extending part, the first extending part divides the front working cavity into the first outer cavity and the first inner cavity, the front working cavity oil inlet is communicated with the first outer cavity, the first extending part is provided with the first through hole for communicating the first outer cavity and the first inner cavity, and the first through hole is provided with a plurality of first through holes which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first extending part.

Because the front working cavity and the rear working cavity are generally only provided with one to two oil inlets, the positions of the front working cavity and the rear working cavity at the oil inlets are necessarily the highest in pressure, so that the oil pressure in the front working cavity and the oil pressure in the rear working cavity are uneven, the piston cannot keep centering property in the reciprocating motion process, and the piston is easy to rub against the inner walls of the front end and the rear end of the middle cylinder body. Through the structure, high-pressure oil enters the first outer chamber through the oil inlet of the front working chamber, the high-pressure oil in the first outer chamber enters the first inner chamber through the first through hole, the high-pressure oil can uniformly enter the first inner chamber through the first through holes due to the fact that the first through holes are arranged along the circumferential interval of the first extension part, pressure in the first inner chamber is uniform, the piston can keep centering in the reciprocating motion process, friction force between the piston and the guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve is reduced, the abrasion period of the guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve is prolonged, the service life of the guide sleeve is prolonged, frequent replacement of the guide sleeve is avoided, abrasion of the piston sleeve can be reduced, and the service life of the piston sleeve is prolonged.

In the hydraulic breaking hammer, a main oil seal sealing ring is arranged between the inner circumferential surface of the guide sleeve and the outer circumferential surface of the piston, a first oil return groove is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the guide sleeve and the inner circumferential surface of the middle cylinder body, an annular first oil collecting groove is formed in the inner circumferential surface of the guide sleeve and is located on the rear side of the main oil seal sealing ring, and a first oil return hole communicated with the first oil return groove and the first oil collecting groove is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the guide sleeve.

Through the structure, the main oil seal sealing ring can prevent high-pressure oil in the front working cavity from leaking from a gap between the inner peripheral surface of the guide sleeve and the outer peripheral surface of the piston, and because the piston moves forwards, most high-pressure oil in the front working cavity is extruded out of the front working cavity, a small amount of high-pressure oil acts on the main oil seal sealing ring from the gap between the inner peripheral surface of the guide sleeve and the outer peripheral surface of the piston under the extrusion condition, so that the main oil seal sealing ring bears high pressure. The oil collecting groove I of the structure is positioned at the rear side of the main oil seal sealing ring, when the piston moves forwards, high-pressure oil enters the oil collecting groove I from a gap between the inner peripheral surface of the guide sleeve and the outer peripheral surface of the piston, the high-pressure oil in the oil collecting groove I flows into the oil return groove I from the oil return hole, and the high-pressure oil is changed into low-pressure oil after entering the oil collecting groove I, so that the purpose of reducing pressure is achieved, the high-pressure oil is prevented from continuously flowing forwards and acting on the main oil seal sealing ring, the main oil seal sealing ring is not under high pressure in the process that the piston moves forwards, and the service life of the main oil seal sealing ring is prolonged.

In the hydraulic breaking hammer, the rear side of the main oil seal ring is provided with the buffer sealing ring, the inner circumferential surface of the guide sleeve is provided with a second annular oil collecting groove, the second annular oil collecting groove is located between the main oil seal ring and the buffer sealing ring, and the outer circumferential surface of the guide sleeve is provided with a second oil return hole communicated with the first oil return groove and the second oil return groove.

The main oil seal sealing ring plays a main sealing role, the buffer sealing ring plays a role in blocking high-pressure oil, the high-pressure oil is prevented from directly acting on the main oil seal sealing ring, the outer peripheral surface of the piston is provided with hydraulic oil, the main oil seal sealing ring and the buffer sealing ring are tightly attached to the outer peripheral surface of the piston, the main oil seal sealing ring and the buffer sealing ring are static relative to the piston in the reciprocating motion process of the piston, the hydraulic oil on the outer peripheral surface of the piston is remained between the main oil seal sealing ring and the buffer sealing ring in the past, when the accumulated hydraulic oil between the main oil seal sealing ring and the buffer sealing ring is too much, the main oil seal sealing ring and the buffer sealing ring are squeezed and damaged, after the oil collecting groove II is arranged between the main oil seal sealing ring and the buffer sealing ring, the hydraulic oil between the main oil seal sealing ring and the buffer sealing ring is remained in the oil collecting groove II, and the hydraulic oil in the oil collecting groove II flows back to the oil returning groove I from the oil hole, avoid a large amount of hydraulic oil to amass between main oil blanket seal ring and buffering sealing ring, improve the life of main oil blanket seal ring and buffering sealing ring.

In the hydraulic breaking hammer, the first sealing rings are arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the guide sleeve and the inner peripheral surface of the middle cylinder body and are positioned at the front side and the rear side of the first oil return groove.

Through the structure, hydraulic oil in the first oil return groove is prevented from leaking from a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the guide sleeve and the inner peripheral surface of the middle cylinder body, the first oil return groove is isolated from the front working cavity by the first sealing ring, and hydraulic oil in the front working cavity is prevented from entering the first oil return groove through a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the guide sleeve and the inner peripheral surface of the middle cylinder body.

In the hydraulic breaking hammer, the middle cylinder body is internally provided with an oil return channel for returning oil when the piston rises, the oil return channel is positioned above the first oil return groove, and the middle cylinder body is internally provided with a fifth oil return hole for communicating the first oil return groove and the oil return channel.

Through the structural arrangement, the hydraulic oil in the first oil return groove flows back to the oil return channel through the fifth oil return hole, and the cyclic utilization of the hydraulic oil is realized.

In foretell hydraulic breaking hammer, the interior draining passageway that has arranged along its length direction of well cylinder body, draining passageway is located the below of oil gallery one, set up the oil drain hole that communicates draining passageway and oil gallery one on the lower surface of well cylinder body, the lower extreme of oil drain hole is provided with the end cap.

Through the structure, hydraulic oil in the first oil return groove flows back to the oil drainage channel through the oil drainage hole and then flows back to the hydraulic oil tank through the oil drainage channel. And the oil return hole five and the oil discharge hole are symmetrically arranged, so that the uniform oil pressure in the oil return groove I is ensured.

In the hydraulic breaking hammer, the inner circumferential surface of the middle part of the middle cylinder body is provided with a forward step surface I, the rear end surface of the guide sleeve abuts against the step surface I, the rear end surface of the front cylinder body is provided with a positioning bulge extending into the middle cylinder body, and the positioning bulge abuts against the front end surface of the guide sleeve.

Through the structure, the piston reciprocating motion process can cause front and back extrusion and dragging with the guide sleeve, so that the guide sleeve has the trend of axial movement, the rear end face of the guide sleeve is abutted against the first step face, the positioning bulge on the rear end face of the front cylinder body is abutted against the front end face of the guide sleeve, the first step face and the positioning bulge are matched to compress and position the guide sleeve, the guide sleeve is firmly positioned in the middle cylinder body, and the guide sleeve is prevented from generating axial movement in the middle cylinder body.

In the hydraulic breaking hammer, the guide sleeve is in interference fit with the middle cylinder body, and a threaded hole is formed in the front end face of the guide sleeve.

Through this structural setting, make the uide bushing fix a position in the well cylinder body behind uide bushing and the well cylinder body interference fit, when needing to be changed the uide bushing, dismantle preceding cylinder body from the cylinder body get off, then twist the bolt to the screw hole after with the bolt toward drawing the bolt outward, can extract the uide bushing from the cylinder body.

In the hydraulic breaking hammer, the inner peripheral surface of the middle cylinder body is provided with a rear working cavity and a rear working cavity oil inlet, the front end surface of the piston sleeve extends backwards to form an annular extension part II, the extension part II divides the rear working cavity into an outer cavity II and an inner cavity II, the rear working cavity oil inlet is communicated with the outer cavity II, the extension part II is provided with a through hole II for communicating the outer cavity II with the inner cavity II, and the through hole II is provided with a plurality of through holes which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the extension part II.

Through the structure, high-pressure oil enters the second outer chamber through the oil inlet of the rear working chamber, the high-pressure oil in the second outer chamber enters the second inner chamber through the second through hole, the second through holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second extension part, the high-pressure oil can uniformly enter the second inner chamber through the second through holes, the pressure in the second inner chamber is uniform, the piston can keep centering in the reciprocating motion process, the friction force between the piston and the guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve is reduced, the abrasion period of the guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve is prolonged, the service life of the guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve is prolonged, and frequent replacement of the piston sleeve is avoided.

In the hydraulic breaking hammer, a second oil return groove is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the piston sleeve and the inner peripheral surface of the middle cylinder body, a guide belt is arranged between the inner peripheral surface of the piston sleeve and the outer peripheral surface of the piston, an annular third oil collecting groove is formed in the inner peripheral surface of the piston sleeve and is located on the front side of the guide belt, and a third oil return hole communicated with the second oil return groove and the third oil collecting groove is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the piston sleeve.

Through this structure setting, the effect of direction is played to the round trip movement of piston to the guidance tape, and the guidance tape has better wear resistance, keep apart piston sleeve and piston, and then improve the life of piston sleeve, because when the piston backward motion resets, extrude back working chamber with the most high-pressure oil in the back working chamber, a small amount of high-pressure oil can follow the clearance effect between the outer peripheral face of the inner peripheral surface of piston sleeve and piston on the guidance tape under the extruded condition, make the guidance tape bear the high pressure, in the long term, the guidance tape fragile. The oil collecting groove of the structure is located on the front side of the guide belt, when the piston moves backwards, high-pressure oil enters the oil collecting groove III from a gap between the inner circumferential surface of the piston sleeve and the outer circumferential surface of the piston, the high-pressure oil in the oil collecting groove III flows into the oil return groove II from the oil return hole, the high-pressure oil is changed into low-pressure oil after entering the oil collecting groove III, the purpose of reducing the pressure is achieved, the high-pressure oil is prevented from continuously flowing backwards to act on the guide belt, the guide belt is enabled not to bear high pressure in the process that the piston moves backwards, and the service life of the guide belt is prolonged.

In the hydraulic breaking hammer, a third sealing ring is arranged between the inner circumferential surface of the piston sleeve and the outer circumferential surface of the piston, the third sealing ring is located on the rear side of the guide belt, an annular oil collecting groove IV is formed in the inner circumferential surface of the piston sleeve, the fourth oil collecting groove is located between the guide belt and the third sealing ring, and an oil return hole IV communicated with the second oil return groove and the fourth oil return groove is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the piston sleeve.

Through this structural setting, sealing washer three plays sealed effect, avoid hydraulic oil to leak, the piston is at reciprocating motion's in-process, hydraulic oil on the piston outer peripheral face can persist between guidance tape and sealing washer three, can cause the extrusion damage to guidance tape and sealing washer three, through set up oil trap four backs between guidance tape and sealing washer three, hydraulic oil between guidance tape and the sealing washer three can persist in oil trap four, hydraulic oil in the oil trap four flows to oil return tank two from oil gallery four, avoid a large amount of hydraulic oil to amass between guidance tape and sealing washer three, improve the life of guidance tape and sealing washer three.

In the hydraulic breaking hammer, the hydraulic breaking hammer further comprises a rear cylinder body fixedly connected with the middle cylinder body, a backward step surface II is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the rear part of the middle cylinder body, the front end surface of the piston sleeve abuts against the step surface II, and the front end surface of the rear cylinder body abuts against the rear end surface of the piston sleeve. The rear cylinder body is matched with the second step surface to compress and position the piston sleeve, so that the situation that the piston sleeve moves back and forth in the reciprocating movement process is avoided.

In the hydraulic breaking hammer, the middle part of the outer peripheral surface of the piston is provided with a front boss and a rear boss, the rear end of the guide sleeve extends to the rear end part of the middle cylinder body, and the front boss and the rear boss are arranged in the guide sleeve in a sliding manner. The inner wall of boss and back boss and well cylinder body middle part takes place the friction before this structure avoids, and then the middle part of avoiding well cylinder body takes place to strain, after the uide bushing wearing and tearing, with well cylinder body in the uide bushing change can, need not to change whole well cylinder body, prolonged the life of well cylinder body, reduced cost of maintenance.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a hydraulic crushing hammer has following advantage: the structure is characterized in that the guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve in the middle cylinder body are replaced after the guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve are abraded, so that the middle cylinder body can be repeatedly used, the service life of the middle cylinder body is greatly prolonged, the middle cylinder body is huge in size and expensive in price, tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands of maintenance cost is generated in the mode of replacing the middle cylinder body during maintenance in the prior art, abrasion of the structure is generated on the guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve, the guide sleeve or/and the piston sleeve are low in price, the manufacturing cost is generally thousands, after the structure is adopted, the maintenance cost is reduced to one tenth or one tenth of the original cost, the maintenance cost of the breaking hammer is greatly reduced, and remarkable economic benefit is generated.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is one of the schematic cross-sectional views of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a second schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a third schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is one of the longitudinal sectional structural schematic diagrams of the front cylinder body of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a second schematic longitudinal sectional view of the front cylinder of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the guide sleeve of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of B in fig. 1.

Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the guide sleeve of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a middle cylinder body; 2. a piston; 3. a guide sleeve; 3a, a front boss; 3b, a rear boss; 31. an extension part I; 31a, a first through hole; 32. a first oil collecting tank; 33. an oil return hole I; 34. a second oil collecting tank; 35. an oil return hole II; 36. a threaded hole; 4. a piston sleeve; 41. an extension part II; 42. an oil collecting tank III; 43. an oil collecting tank IV; 44. an oil return hole III; 45. an oil return hole IV; 5. a front working chamber; 51. a first outer chamber; 52. a first inner chamber; 6. a front working chamber oil inlet; 7. a first oil return groove; 8. a seal ring; 81. a main oil seal ring; 82. a buffer seal ring; 9. a drill rod; 10. a first sealing ring; 11. an oil return passage; 12. an oil return hole V; 13. an oil drainage channel; 14. an oil drain hole; 15. a plug; 16. a front cylinder body; 16a, a positioning projection; 17. a first step surface; 18. a rear working chamber; 181. a second outer chamber; 182. an inner chamber II; 19. a rear working chamber oil inlet; 20. a second through hole; 21. an oil return groove II; 22. a second sealing ring; 23. a guide belt; 24. a third sealing ring; 25. a step surface II; 26. a rear cylinder body; 27. an oil return hole six; 28. and an oil return hole seven.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the hydraulic breaking hammer comprises a middle cylinder body 1 and a piston 2 arranged in the middle cylinder body 1, wherein a guide sleeve 3 is sleeved and positioned on the inner circumferential surface of the front end of the middle cylinder body 1, the piston 2 penetrates through the guide sleeve 3, after the guide sleeve 3 is arranged in the front end of the middle cylinder body 1, the guide sleeve 3 supports the front end of the piston 2, the piston 2 rubs with the guide sleeve 3 in the reciprocating movement process, and when the guide sleeve 3 is worn, the guide sleeve 3 in the middle cylinder body 1 is replaced, so that the middle cylinder body 1 can be repeatedly used, and the service life of the middle cylinder body 1 is greatly prolonged. The inner circumferential surface of the middle cylinder body 1 is provided with a front working cavity 5 and a front working cavity oil inlet 6, the rear end surface of the guide sleeve 3 extends backwards to form an annular extension part I31, the extension part I31 divides the front working cavity 5 into an outer cavity I51 and an inner cavity I52, the front working cavity oil inlet 6 is communicated with the outer cavity I51, the extension part I31 is provided with a through hole I31 a for communicating the outer cavity I51 with the inner cavity I52, the through hole I31 a is provided with a plurality of through holes which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the extension part I31, high-pressure oil enters the outer cavity I51 through the front working cavity oil inlet 6, the high-pressure oil in the outer cavity I51 enters the inner cavity I52 through the through hole I31 a, and the high-pressure oil can uniformly enter the inner cavity I52 through the plurality of through holes I31 a due to the arrangement of the plurality of through holes I31 a at intervals along the circumferential direction of the extension part I31, so that the pressure, and then make piston 2 can keep the centering nature at reciprocating motion's in-process, reduce the friction dynamics between piston 2 and the uide bushing 3, extension uide bushing 3 wearing and tearing cycle, and then extension uide bushing 3 life avoids frequently changing uide bushing 3. The effect of this structure uide bushing 3 is the inner wall wearing and tearing of avoiding well cylinder body 1 front end on the one hand, and on the other hand is used for being cut apart into two inner and outer cavities with preceding working chamber 5, and the design of the first 31a of through-hole of deuterogamying realizes that the oil pressure in the interior cavity 52 is even, and then guarantees that piston 2 can keep the centering nature at reciprocating motion's in-process.

As shown in fig. 2, a main oil seal ring 81 and a buffer seal ring 82 are provided between the inner circumferential surface of the guide sleeve 3 and the outer circumferential surface of the piston 2, the buffer seal ring 82 is located at the rear side of the main oil seal ring 81, the main oil seal ring 81 is provided to prevent high-pressure oil in the front working chamber 5 from leaking out from a gap between the inner circumferential surface of the guide sleeve 3 and the outer circumferential surface of the piston 2, when the piston 2 moves forward, most of the high-pressure oil in the front working chamber 5 is pushed out of the front working chamber 5, a small amount of high-pressure oil enters into a gap between the inner circumferential surface of the guide sleeve 3 and the outer circumferential surface of the piston 2 under the action of the pressure, and acts on the buffer seal ring 82, and the buffer seal ring 82 plays a role of protecting the main oil seal ring 81, and prevents the main oil seal ring 81 from bearing high pressure during the forward movement of the piston 2. An oil return groove I7 is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the guide sleeve 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the middle cylinder body 1, sealing rings I10 are arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the guide sleeve 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the middle cylinder body 1 and positioned on the front side and the rear side of the oil return groove I7, the sealing rings I10 are arranged to prevent high-pressure oil in the front working cavity from leaking from a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the guide sleeve 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the middle cylinder body 1, and the sealing rings I10 prevent the oil return groove I7 from leaking. An annular oil collecting groove I32 is formed in the inner circumferential surface of the guide sleeve 3, the oil collecting groove I32 is located on the rear side of the buffering sealing ring 82, and an oil return hole I33 communicated with the oil return groove I7 and the oil collecting groove I32 is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the guide sleeve 3. The first oil collecting groove 32 is located on the rear side of the buffering sealing ring 82, when the piston 2 moves forwards, high-pressure oil enters the first oil collecting groove 32 from a gap between the inner circumferential surface of the guide sleeve 3 and the outer circumferential surface of the piston 2, high-pressure oil in the first oil collecting groove 32 flows into the first oil return groove 7 from the first oil return hole 33, the high-pressure oil enters the first oil collecting groove 32 and then becomes low-pressure oil, the purpose of reducing pressure is achieved, the high-pressure oil is prevented from continuously flowing forwards to act on the buffering sealing ring 82, the buffering sealing ring 82 does not bear high pressure in the forward movement process of the piston, the service life of the buffering sealing ring 82 is prolonged, double pressure reduction of the main oil sealing ring 81 is achieved, and the service life of the main oil sealing ring 81 is greatly prolonged. An annular oil collecting groove II 34 is formed in the inner circumferential surface of the guide sleeve 3, the oil collecting groove II 34 is located between the main oil seal sealing ring 81 and the buffer sealing ring 82, an oil return hole II 35 communicated with the oil return groove I7 and the oil collecting groove II 34 is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the guide sleeve 3, in the reciprocating motion process of the piston 2, hydraulic oil scraped from the outer circumferential surface of the piston 2 is stored in the oil collecting groove II 34 through the main oil seal sealing ring 81 and the buffer sealing ring 82, the hydraulic oil in the oil collecting groove II 34 flows into the oil return groove I7 from the oil return hole II 35, a large amount of hydraulic oil is prevented from being accumulated between the main oil seal sealing ring 81 and the buffer sealing ring 82, and the service lives of the main oil seal sealing ring 81 and the buffer sealing ring 82 are prolonged.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, each of the first oil return holes 33 and the second oil return holes 35 has a plurality of oil return holes 33, and the plurality of first oil return holes 33 and the plurality of second oil return holes 35 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the guide sleeve 3, so that hydraulic oil can rapidly flow from the first oil collection grooves 32 and the second oil collection grooves 34 to the first oil return grooves 7, and the oil accumulation phenomenon of the hydraulic oil in the first oil collection grooves 32 and the second oil collection grooves 34 is avoided.

As shown in fig. 6, an oil return passage 11 for returning oil when the piston rises is arranged in the middle cylinder 1, the oil return passage 11 is located above the oil return groove one 7, an oil return hole five 12 communicating the oil return groove one 7 and the oil return passage 11 is arranged in the middle cylinder 1, and hydraulic oil in the oil return groove one 7 flows back to the oil return passage 11 through the oil return hole five 12, so that the cyclic utilization of the hydraulic oil is realized. As shown in fig. 7, an oil drainage channel 13 is arranged in the middle cylinder body 1 along the length direction of the middle cylinder body, the oil drainage channel 13 is located below the first oil return groove 7, an oil drainage hole 14 communicated with the oil drainage channel 13 and the first oil return groove 7 is formed in the lower surface of the middle cylinder body 1, a plug 15 is arranged at the lower end of the oil drainage hole 14, hydraulic oil in the first oil return groove 7 flows back to the oil drainage channel 13 through the oil drainage hole 14, and after the oil drainage channel 13 is filled with hydraulic oil, the plug 15 is unscrewed to drain the hydraulic oil in the oil drainage channel 13.

As shown in fig. 2, the guide sleeve 3 is in interference fit with the middle cylinder body 1, a threaded hole 36 is formed in the front end face of the guide sleeve 3, when the guide sleeve 3 needs to be replaced, the front cylinder body 16 is detached from the middle cylinder body 1, then the bolt is screwed into the threaded hole 36 and then pulled outwards, the guide sleeve 3 can be pulled out from the middle cylinder body 1, and the threaded hole 36 is provided with a plurality of bolts and is circumferentially arranged on the front end face of the guide sleeve 3. The hydraulic breaking hammer further comprises a front cylinder body 16 fixedly connected with the middle cylinder body 1, a forward step surface I17 is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the middle cylinder body 1, the rear end face of the guide sleeve 3 abuts against the step surface I17, a positioning bulge 16a extending into the middle cylinder body 1 is arranged on the rear end face of the front cylinder body 16, the positioning bulge 16a abuts against the front end face of the guide sleeve 3, the step surface I17 and the positioning bulge 16a are matched to compress and position the guide sleeve 3, the positioning firmness of the guide sleeve 3 in the middle cylinder body 1 is further improved, and the guide sleeve 3 is prevented from axially moving in the middle cylinder body 1.

As shown in fig. 1 and 9, a piston sleeve 4 is sleeved and positioned on the inner circumferential surface of the rear end of the middle cylinder body 1, the piston 2 passes through the piston sleeve 4, after the piston sleeve 4 is arranged in the front end of the middle cylinder body 1, the piston sleeve 4 supports the front end part of the piston 2, the piston 2 rubs against the piston sleeve 4 in the reciprocating process, and after the piston sleeve 4 is worn, the piston sleeve 4 in the middle cylinder body 1 is replaced, so that the middle cylinder body 1 can be repeatedly used, and the service life of the middle cylinder body 1 is greatly prolonged.

As shown in fig. 9, the inner circumferential surface of the middle cylinder 1 is provided with a rear working chamber 18 and a rear working chamber oil inlet 19, the front end surface of the piston sleeve 4 extends backwards to form a second annular extension portion 41, the second extension portion 41 divides the rear working chamber 18 into a second outer chamber 181 and a second inner chamber 182, the rear working chamber oil inlet 19 is communicated with the second outer chamber 181, the second extension portion 41 is provided with a second through hole 20 for communicating the second outer chamber 181 with the second inner chamber 182, and the second through holes 20 are provided with a plurality of holes and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second extension portion 41. The piston sleeve 4 and the guide sleeve 3 have the same structure, the structure is also designed to keep the piston 2 centered in the reciprocating process, reduce the abrasion between the piston sleeve 4 and the guide sleeve 3 and prolong the service life of the piston sleeve 4 and the guide sleeve 3, and the oil pressure in the front working cavity 5 and the oil pressure in the rear working cavity 18 are uniform in the reciprocating process of the piston 2 in the embodiment, so that the piston 2 is better centered, and the strain of the piston 2 and the middle cylinder body 1 is reduced.

As shown in fig. 9, a second oil return groove 21 is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the piston sleeve 4 and the inner peripheral surface of the middle cylinder 1, two sealing rings 22 are respectively arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the piston sleeve 4 and the inner peripheral surface of the middle cylinder 1 at the front side and the rear side of the second oil return groove 21, the arrangement of the second sealing rings 22 prevents high-pressure oil in the rear working chamber 18 from leaking from a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the piston sleeve 4 and the inner peripheral surface of the middle cylinder 1, and the second sealing rings 22 isolate the second oil return groove 21 from the rear working chamber 18 to prevent the second oil return groove 21 from leaking oil; a guide belt 23 and a third seal ring 24 are arranged between the inner circumferential surface of the piston sleeve 4 and the outer circumferential surface of the piston 2, the third seal ring 24 is positioned at the rear side of the guide belt 23, the third oil collection groove 42 is positioned at the front side of the guide belt 23, the fourth oil collection groove 43 is positioned between the guide belt 23 and the third seal ring 24, the inner circumferential surface of the piston sleeve 4 is provided with a third annular oil collection groove 42 and a fourth annular oil collection groove 43, the outer circumferential surface of the piston sleeve 4 is provided with a third oil return hole 44 communicating the second oil return groove 21 with the third oil collection groove 42 and a fourth oil return hole 45 communicating the second oil return groove 21 with the fourth oil collection groove 43, the guide belt 23 plays a role of guiding the back and forth movement of the piston 2, so that the piston 2 can keep alignment as much as possible, a small amount of high-pressure oil in the back working cavity 18 can enter the third oil collection groove 42 from a gap between the inner circumferential surface of the piston sleeve 4 and the outer circumferential surface of, the high-pressure oil enters the oil collecting groove III 42 and then is changed into low-pressure oil, so that the purpose of reducing the pressure is achieved, the high-pressure oil is prevented from continuously flowing backwards and being applied to the guide belt 23, the guide belt 23 is enabled not to bear high pressure any more in the process that the piston 2 moves backwards, and the service life of the guide belt 2 is prolonged; in addition, in the reciprocating process of the piston 2, the guide belt 23 and the third seal ring 24 hang down the hydraulic oil on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 2 and accumulate the hydraulic oil in the oil collecting groove four 43, and the hydraulic oil in the oil collecting groove four 43 flows to the oil return groove two 21 from the oil return hole four 45, so that a large amount of hydraulic oil is prevented from accumulating between the guide belt 23 and the third seal ring 24, and the service life of the guide belt 23 and the third seal ring 24 is prolonged.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the second oil return groove 21 is communicated with the oil return channel 11 through the oil return hole 27, and the hydraulic oil in the second oil return groove 21 flows back to the oil return channel 11, so that the hydraulic oil is recycled; in addition, as shown in fig. 7, the second oil return groove 21 is communicated with the oil drain passage 13 through the oil return hole 28, and part of the hydraulic oil in the oil drain passage 13 enters the second oil return groove 21 through the oil return hole 28 and flows to the oil return passage 11.

As shown in fig. 9, the hydraulic breaking hammer further includes a rear cylinder 26 fixedly connected to the middle cylinder 1, the inner circumferential surface of the rear portion of the middle cylinder 1 has a backward step surface two 25, the front end surface of the piston sleeve 4 abuts against the step surface two 25, the front end surface of the rear cylinder 26 abuts against the rear end surface of the piston sleeve 4, and the rear cylinder 26 cooperates with the step surface two 25 to press and position the piston sleeve 4.

As shown in fig. 10, the middle part of the outer peripheral surface of the piston 2 is provided with a front boss 3a and a rear boss 3b, the rear end of the guide sleeve 3 extends to the rear end part of the middle cylinder body 1, the front boss 3a and the rear boss 3b are arranged in the guide sleeve 3 in a sliding manner, so that the front boss 3a and the rear boss 3b are prevented from rubbing against the inner wall of the middle part of the middle cylinder body 1, the middle part of the middle cylinder body 1 is prevented from being pulled, when the guide sleeve 3 is worn, the guide sleeve 3 in the middle cylinder body 1 is replaced, the whole middle cylinder body 1 is not required to be replaced, the service life of the middle cylinder body 1 is prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

Example 2

The present embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1 described above except that the guide sleeve 3 is provided only in the middle cylinder 1 and the piston sleeve 4 is not provided.

Example 3

The present embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1 described above except that the piston sleeve 4 is provided only in the middle cylinder 1 and the guide sleeve 3 is not provided.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. A hydraulic breaking hammer comprises a front cylinder body (16), a drill rod (9) arranged on the front cylinder body (16), a middle cylinder body (1) connected with the front cylinder body (16) and a piston (2) arranged in the middle cylinder body (1), and is characterized in that a guide sleeve (3) is arranged in the front end of the middle cylinder body (1) or/and a piston sleeve (4) is arranged in the rear end of the middle cylinder body (1), and the piston (2) penetrates through the guide sleeve (3) or/and the piston sleeve (4).

2. The hydraulic breaking hammer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner circumferential surface of the middle cylinder (1) is provided with a front working chamber (5) and a front working chamber oil inlet (6), the rear end surface of the guide sleeve (3) extends backwards to form an annular first extension part (31), the first extension part (31) divides the front working chamber (5) into a first outer chamber (51) and a first inner chamber (52), the front working chamber oil inlet (6) is communicated with the first outer chamber (51), the first extension part (31) is provided with a first through hole (31a) for communicating the first outer chamber (51) with the first inner chamber (52), and the first through holes (31a) are provided with a plurality of first through holes and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first extension part (31).

3. The hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 1, wherein a main oil seal ring (81) is arranged between the inner circumferential surface of the guide sleeve (3) and the outer circumferential surface of the piston (2), a first oil return groove (7) is arranged between the outer circumferential surface of the guide sleeve (3) and the inner circumferential surface of the middle cylinder body (1), an annular first oil return groove (32) is formed in the inner circumferential surface of the guide sleeve (3), the first oil return groove (32) is located on the rear side of the main oil seal ring (81), and a first oil return hole (33) communicated with the first oil return groove (7) and the first oil return groove (32) is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the guide sleeve (3).

4. The hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 3, wherein a buffer sealing ring (82) is arranged at the rear side of the main oil seal sealing ring (81), an annular oil collecting groove II (34) is formed in the inner circumferential surface of the guide sleeve (3), the oil collecting groove II (34) is located between the main oil seal sealing ring (81) and the buffer sealing ring (82), and an oil return hole II (35) communicated with the oil return groove I (7) and the oil collecting groove II (34) is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the guide sleeve (3).

5. A hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 3, characterized in that a first seal ring (10) is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the guide sleeve (3) and the inner peripheral surface of the middle cylinder (1) at the front and rear sides of the first oil return groove (7).

6. A hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 3, characterized in that the middle cylinder (1) is provided with an oil return passage (11) for returning oil when the piston rises, the oil return passage (11) is positioned above the oil return groove one (7), and the middle cylinder (1) is provided with an oil return hole five (12) communicating the oil return groove one (7) and the oil return passage (11).

7. The hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 3, wherein an oil drainage channel (13) is arranged in the middle cylinder body (1) along the length direction of the middle cylinder body, the oil drainage channel (13) is located below the first oil return groove (7), an oil drainage hole (14) communicated with the oil drainage channel (13) and the first oil return groove (7) is formed in the lower surface of the middle cylinder body (1), and a plug (15) is arranged at the lower end of the oil drainage hole (14).

8. A hydraulic breaker hammer according to any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the intermediate cylinder (1) has a forwardly facing step surface one (17) on its inner peripheral surface at the middle thereof, the guide sleeve (3) abuts against the step surface one (17) at its rear end surface, the front cylinder (16) has a positioning boss (16a) extending into the intermediate cylinder (1) at its rear end surface, and the positioning boss (16a) abuts against the front end surface of the guide sleeve (3).

9. A hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 8, characterized in that the guide sleeve (3) is in interference fit with the middle cylinder body (1), and a threaded hole (36) is formed in the front end surface of the guide sleeve (3).

10. The hydraulic breaking hammer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the inner circumferential surface of the middle cylinder (1) is provided with a rear working chamber (18) and a rear working chamber oil inlet hole (19), the front end surface of the piston sleeve (4) extends backwards to form an annular second extension part (41), the second extension part (41) divides the rear working chamber (18) into a second outer chamber (181) and a second inner chamber (182), the rear working chamber oil inlet hole (19) is communicated with the second outer chamber (181), the second extension part (41) is provided with a second through hole (20) for communicating the second outer chamber (181) with the second inner chamber (182), and the second through hole (20) is provided with a plurality of second through holes and is arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second extension part (41).

11. The hydraulic breaking hammer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a second oil return groove (21) is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the piston sleeve (4) and the inner circumferential surface of the middle cylinder body (1), a guide belt (23) is arranged between the inner circumferential surface of the piston sleeve (4) and the outer circumferential surface of the piston (2), a third annular oil return groove (42) is formed in the inner circumferential surface of the piston sleeve (4), the third oil return groove (42) is located on the front side of the guide belt (23), and a third oil return hole (44) which is communicated with the second oil return groove (21) and the third oil return groove (42) is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the piston sleeve (4).

12. The hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 11, wherein a third sealing ring (24) is arranged between the inner circumferential surface of the piston sleeve (4) and the outer circumferential surface of the piston (2), the third sealing ring (24) is positioned at the rear side of the guide belt (23), an annular oil collecting groove four (43) is formed in the inner circumferential surface of the piston sleeve (4), the oil collecting groove four (43) is positioned between the guide belt (23) and the third sealing ring (24), and an oil return hole four (45) communicating the oil return groove two (21) with the oil collecting groove four (43) is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the piston sleeve (4).

13. A hydraulic breaking hammer according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the hydraulic breaking hammer further comprises a rear cylinder (26) fixedly connected with the middle cylinder (1), the inner circumferential surface of the rear part of the middle cylinder (1) is provided with a backward step surface II (25), the front end surface of the piston sleeve (4) abuts against the step surface II (25), and the front end surface of the rear cylinder (26) abuts against the rear end surface of the piston sleeve (4).

14. A hydraulic breaking hammer according to any one of claims 2-7, characterized in that the piston (2) has a front boss (3a) and a rear boss (3b) in the middle of its outer peripheral surface, the rear end of the guide sleeve (3) extends to the rear end of the middle cylinder (1), and the front boss (3a) and the rear boss (3b) are slidably disposed in the guide sleeve (3).