CN210107372U - Biomass fluidized bed boiler with external bed medium-temperature separation mode - Google Patents
Biomass fluidized bed boiler with external bed medium-temperature separation mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN210107372U CN210107372U CN201921032094.5U CN201921032094U CN210107372U CN 210107372 U CN210107372 U CN 210107372U CN 201921032094 U CN201921032094 U CN 201921032094U CN 210107372 U CN210107372 U CN 210107372U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a living beings fluidized bed boiler with medium temperature separation form of external bed, belongs to fluidized bed boiler technical field, solves current living beings boiler operation in-process bed temperature too high, causes boiler heating surface deposition ash and coking, leads to frequent maintenance of boiler, seriously influences the problem of the economic nature of power plant's operation. A water-cooling evaporation screen and a high-temperature coiled pipe superheater are arranged in the hearth, primary air enters the hearth through an air chamber to participate in combustion, and secondary air enters the hearth through a secondary air port in a dense-phase region of the hearth to participate in combustion; the cyclone separator is connected with the hearth through a first circulating material pipeline, the cyclone separator is also connected with the inlet end of the external bed through a second circulating material pipeline, the outlet end of the external bed is connected with the hearth, a conical valve is arranged on the second circulating material pipeline, and the opening degree of the conical valve is controlled by a DCS (distributed control system); a secondary superheater, a primary superheater, an economizer, a flue gas denitration device and an air preheater are sequentially arranged in the flue from top to bottom. The utility model is used for biomass combustion electricity generation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a living beings fluidized bed boiler, concretely relates to living beings fluidized bed boiler with external bed medium temperature separation form belongs to fluidized bed boiler technical field.
Background
Biomass energy is an important new energy in the world, has wide application, plays an important role in dealing with global climate change, energy supply and demand contradiction, ecological environment protection and the like, and is the fourth largest energy behind petroleum, coal and natural gas in the world. The biomass energy utilization technology belongs to the technical direction of great support and encouragement in the national energy field, and has important significance in the aspects of energy conservation and emission reduction, carbon emission reduction, improvement of the livelihood and the like in China.
Biomass combustion power generation is a main mode for biomass energy utilization, and the biomass direct combustion technology can realize treatment and heat utilization of agriculture and forestry residues, hazardous waste and solid waste (municipal refuse and the like) and volatile organic compounds. The direct combustion of biomass can be carried out by a circulating fluidized bed boiler or a traveling grate boiler. The fluidized bed boiler has the characteristics of high combustion efficiency, good adaptability of biomass fuel, capability of realizing in-furnace desulfurization, low NOx emission concentration, comprehensive utilization of ash and slag and the like, and thus the fluidized bed boiler occupies a main use position.
The biomass fuel of different biomass fuels has different contents, biomass fuels of biomass power plants in different regions are various, and the biomass fuels refer to the combustion of livestock excrement and urine, and the like, because of the particularity of the biomass fuels, the bed temperature can not be stabilized at a design value in the operation process of the existing biomass boiler, and the phenomenon of overhigh bed temperature happens occasionally, so that biomass ash after being burnt out by the boiler is just in a molten state when a U-shaped screen type superheater is arranged in a flue and is heated, the biomass ash can be bonded on a heated surface, the heat exchange of the boiler is seriously influenced, the output of main steam of the boiler is insufficient, the temperature of the main steam can not reach the design value, the efficiency of the boiler is reduced, a steam turbine can not reach a rated load, the boiler can operate under a severe variable working condition, and. Therefore, the boiler needs to be shut down and overhauled within 1-2 months, and when the biomass containing alkali and high salt content is used, the operation time of the boiler is greatly shortened, and the economical efficiency of the operation of a power plant is seriously influenced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a living beings fluidized bed boiler with external bed medium temperature separation form to solve current living beings boiler operation in-process bed high temperature, cause boiler heating surface deposition and coking, lead to the boiler to frequently overhaul, seriously influence the problem of the economic nature of power plant's operation.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a biomass fluidized bed boiler with an external bed medium-temperature separation mode comprises a hearth, a cyclone separator and a flue; the hearth, the cyclone separator and the flue are sequentially connected along the direction of flue gas, and a biomass feed inlet is arranged on the hearth;
a water-cooling evaporation screen and a high-temperature coiled pipe superheater are arranged in the hearth, the high-temperature coiled pipe superheater and the water-cooling evaporation screen are arranged up and down, the lower end of the hearth is connected with an air chamber, an air distribution plate is arranged at the joint of the air chamber and the hearth, primary air enters the hearth through the air chamber to participate in combustion, and secondary air enters the hearth through a secondary air opening in a dense-phase region of the hearth to participate in combustion;
the lower part of the cyclone separator is provided with a material return valve, the cyclone separator is connected with the lower part of the hearth through a first circulating material pipeline, the cyclone separator is also connected with the inlet end of the external bed through a second circulating material pipeline, the outlet end of the external bed is connected with the lower part of the hearth, the second circulating material pipeline is provided with a conical valve, and the opening degree of the conical valve is controlled by a DCS (distributed control system);
and a secondary superheater, a primary superheater, an economizer, a flue gas denitration device and an air preheater are sequentially arranged in the flue from top to bottom.
Further: and the primary air and the secondary air are heated and then are introduced into the hearth.
Further: the DCS system is a YOKOgawa DCS system, an Emerson DCS system or an INVENSYSDCS system.
Further: limestone is arranged in the hearth. Therefore, the in-furnace desulfurization is realized, and the cost of constructing desulfurization equipment for the boiler is reduced.
The utility model discloses the effect that reaches does:
the utility model provides a novel have middle temperature separation form biomass fluidized bed boiler structure of external bed, biomass fuel adaptability is stronger, this kind of form fluidized bed boiler adjusts boiler bed temperature through external bed, the boiler is in the operation of bed temperature allowed band, ensure that the boiler flying dust is when the heating surface is heated through boiler U-shaped convection over heater, the temperature reduces below the ash fusion point, can not cause and arrange boiler heating surface deposition and coking in the flue, for conventional biomass fluidized bed boiler, the boiler maintenance cycle has been prolonged, promote the power plant operation economy, boiler furnace flue gas flow field and temperature field distribution are even better simultaneously, biomass combustion efficiency is high, and NOx's emission value is less than conventional biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler. The bed temperature of the fluidized bed boiler can be controlled below 800 ℃, the fuel combustion temperature is low, the original NOx emission concentration can be effectively reduced under the condition that the temperature field and the material flow field in the boiler are uniformly distributed, the catalyst input amount and the reducing agent consumption amount of the flue gas denitration device are reduced, the flue gas denitration cost is effectively reduced, the bed temperature is adjusted through an external bed, and the low-load operation stability of the fluidized bed boiler is better. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
1. adopt this kind of form fluidized bed boiler, can get into the effectual control boiler bed temperature of external bed circulating material volume through control, guarantee that the flue gas temperature who gets into the over heater does not exceed the melting temperature of living beings ash, avoid the over heater to appear the problem of deposition corruption, and influence boiler main steam temperature, and then prolong the boiler maintenance period, improve the operation economy of power plant.
2. By adopting the fluidized bed boiler, the heating surface of a partial superheater can be arranged in the external bed, the arrangement pressure of the heating surface in the hearth is reduced, the service life of the coiled pipe can adopt large pitch, the circulation space of flue gas and circulating materials is enlarged, and the possibility of dust deposition on the heating surface is reduced.
3. By adopting the fluidized bed in the form, the bed temperature and the flue gas flow field uniformity of the boiler are easier to ensure, the original NOx emission concentration of the boiler is effectively reduced, and the investment cost of a flue gas denitration device is reduced.
4. By adopting the fluidized bed, the bed temperature is adjusted by the external bed, the uniformity of a temperature field in the boiler can still be ensured under lower load of the boiler, the heat absorption deviation of working media on the heating surface of the boiler is small, and the hydrodynamic force is high in safety and reliability, so that the boiler can safely and stably operate under lower load.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a biomass fluidized bed boiler with an external bed for medium temperature separation;
FIG. 2 is a top cross-sectional view of a biomass fluidized bed boiler with an external bed of medium temperature separation.
In the figure: 1-hearth; 2-a cyclone separator; 3-flue; 4-a biomass feed port; 5-an air chamber; 6-external bed; 7-a material return valve; 8-a cone valve; 9-air distribution plate; 10-water-cooling evaporation screen; 11-high temperature coil superheater; 12-a secondary superheater; 13-primary superheater; 14-a coal economizer; 15-an air preheater; 16-a flue gas denitration device; 17-a first recycle material line; 18-second circulation material pipeline.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the biomass fluidized bed boiler with the external bed medium-temperature separation mode in the embodiment includes a furnace 1, a cyclone separator 2 and a flue 3; the hearth 1, the cyclone separator 2 and the flue 3 are sequentially connected along the direction of flue gas, and a biomass feed inlet 4 is arranged on the hearth 1;
a water-cooling evaporation screen 10 and a high-temperature coiled pipe superheater 11 are arranged in the hearth 1, the high-temperature coiled pipe superheater 11 and the water-cooling evaporation screen 10 are arranged up and down, the lower end of the hearth 1 is connected with an air chamber 5, an air distribution plate 9 is arranged at the joint of the air chamber 5 and the hearth 1, primary air enters the hearth through the air chamber 5 to participate in combustion after being heated, and secondary air enters the hearth through a secondary air port of a dense-phase region of the hearth to participate in combustion after being heated;
a material return valve 7 is arranged at the lower part of the cyclone separator 2, the cyclone separator 2 is connected with the lower part of the hearth 1 through a first circulating material pipeline 17, the cyclone separator 2 is also connected with the inlet end of the external bed 6 through a second circulating material pipeline 18, the outlet end of the external bed 6 is connected with the lower part of the hearth 1, a conical valve 8 is arranged on the second circulating material pipeline 18, and the opening degree of the conical valve 8 is controlled by a DCS (distributed control system);
and a secondary superheater 12, a primary superheater 13, an economizer 14, a flue gas denitration device 16 and an air preheater 15 are sequentially arranged in the flue 3 from top to bottom. The DCS system is a YOKOgawa DCS system, an Emerson DCS system or an INVENSYS DCS system. Limestone is arranged in the hearth 1.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
agriculture and forestry biomass, livestock manure or a mixture of a plurality of biomasses enter a hearth through a feeding port 4 to be mixed and combusted with circulating materials in a boiler, first air and second air of the boiler are heated by an air preheater, first air enters fluidized bed materials and fuels of the hearth through an air chamber 5 and an air distribution plate 9, second air enters the boiler through a second air port in a dense-phase region of the boiler to participate in combustion, combustion products of the biomass fuels enter a cyclone separator 2 along with the circulating materials and flue gas through a high-temperature coil superheater 11 at the top of the hearth, after gas-solid separation, a part of the separated circulating materials returns to the hearth through a material return valve 7 to continuously heat the biomass fuels, a part of the separated circulating materials passes through an external bed 6 to heat working media in the external bed superheater and then returns to the hearth, the circulating materials entering the external bed can be regulated in the circulating material amount through controlling the opening degree of a conical valve 8 entering the external, thereby controlling the bed temperature of the boiler. The flue gas separated by the cyclone separator 2 enters a flue 3, sequentially passes through heating surfaces of a secondary superheater 12, a primary superheater 13 and an economizer 14, then passes through a flue gas denitration device 16 and an air preheater 15, is reduced to a reasonable exhaust temperature value, enters subsequent dedusting and desulfurization equipment, and is discharged into the atmosphere after being processed.
The fluidized bed boiler has the outstanding advantages that the external bed specially designed for the biomass boiler is adopted, the superheater heating surface is arranged in the external bed, the heat of high-temperature circulating materials is absorbed, the conical valve at the inlet of the external bed is incorporated into a DCS system, the circulating material quantity of the external bed can be adjusted in real time according to the set range of the bed temperature of the boiler, the bed temperature is controlled, and the steam temperature at the outlet of each stage of the superheater is controlled by desuperheating water.
Adopt fluidized bed boiler burning living beings, can adopt the stove in to add the lime stone and realize the interior desulfurization of stove, reduce the cost of boiler construction sweetener, fluidized bed boiler bed temperature can be controlled below 800 degrees centigrade simultaneously, the fuel combustion temperature is low, under the even condition of guaranteeing the interior temperature field of stove and material flow field distribution, can the original NOx emission concentration of effectual reduction, flue gas denitrification facility catalyst input and reductant consumption have been reduced, effectively reduce the flue gas denitration cost, adjust the bed temperature through external bed, this kind of form fluidized bed boiler low-load operating stability is better.
Although the embodiments of the present invention are described above, the contents thereof are merely embodiments adopted to facilitate understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the core technical solution disclosed in the present invention, but the scope of protection defined by the present invention must still be subject to the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A biomass fluidized bed boiler with an external bed and a medium-temperature separation mode comprises a hearth (1), a cyclone separator (2) and a flue (3); the hearth (1), the cyclone separator (2) and the flue (3) are sequentially connected along the direction of flue gas, and a biomass feed inlet (4) is arranged on the hearth (1);
the method is characterized in that: a water-cooling evaporation screen (10) and a high-temperature coiled pipe superheater (11) are arranged in the hearth (1), the high-temperature coiled pipe superheater (11) and the water-cooling evaporation screen (10) are arranged up and down, the lower end of the hearth (1) is connected with an air chamber (5), an air distribution plate (9) is installed at the joint of the air chamber (5) and the hearth (1), primary air enters the hearth through the air chamber (5) to participate in combustion, and secondary air enters the hearth through a secondary air port in a dense-phase region of the hearth to participate in combustion;
a feed back valve (7) is arranged at the lower part of the cyclone separator (2), the cyclone separator (2) is connected with the lower part of the hearth (1) through a first circulating material pipeline (17), the cyclone separator (2) is also connected with the inlet end of the external bed (6) through a second circulating material pipeline (18), the outlet end of the external bed (6) is connected with the lower part of the hearth (1), a conical valve (8) is arranged on the second circulating material pipeline (18), and the opening degree of the conical valve (8) is controlled by a DCS system;
a secondary superheater (12), a primary superheater (13), an economizer (14), a flue gas denitration device (16) and an air preheater (15) are sequentially arranged in the flue (3) from top to bottom.
2. The biomass fluidized bed boiler with the external bed medium-temperature separation mode as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: and the primary air and the secondary air are heated and then are introduced into the hearth.
3. The biomass fluidized bed boiler with the external bed medium-temperature separation mode as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the DCS system is a YOKOgawa DCS system, an Emerson DCS system or an INVENSYS DCS system.
4. The biomass fluidized bed boiler with the external bed medium-temperature separation mode as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: limestone is arranged in the hearth (1).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921032094.5U CN210107372U (en) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | Biomass fluidized bed boiler with external bed medium-temperature separation mode |
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| CN201921032094.5U CN210107372U (en) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | Biomass fluidized bed boiler with external bed medium-temperature separation mode |
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| CN210107372U true CN210107372U (en) | 2020-02-21 |
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| CN201921032094.5U Active CN210107372U (en) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | Biomass fluidized bed boiler with external bed medium-temperature separation mode |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112013381A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-12-01 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Coupling double fluidized bed low-nitrogen combustion device and method |
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2019
- 2019-07-03 CN CN201921032094.5U patent/CN210107372U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112013381A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-12-01 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Coupling double fluidized bed low-nitrogen combustion device and method |
| CN112013381B (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2023-03-07 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Coupling double fluidized bed low-nitrogen combustion device and method |
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