CN210106203U

CN210106203U - Fan with cooling device

Info

Publication number: CN210106203U
Application number: CN201920239982.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: A·克施瑞特尔; M·魏因加特
Original assignee: Ebm Papst Landshut GmbH
Current assignee: Ebm Papst Landshut GmbH
Priority date: 2018-11-21
Filing date: 2019-02-25
Publication date: 2020-02-21
Anticipated expiration: 2029-02-25
Also published as: WO2020104118A1; EP3884346A1; DE102018129362A1

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fan (1), especially gas fan has motor (2), integrated microcontroller (3) and motor speed regulator (4) and digital communication interface (5), fan (1) can pass through digital communication interface obtains the control command that is used for the rotational speed regulation and predetermines the rated value, wherein motor speed regulator (4) are used for through the algorithm based on the instruction according to the step response as the reaction to the control step of step function the regulator parameter of rotational speed regulation optimizes to come from it to determine the regulator parameter optimized with the help of the empirical formula method that is used for the rotational speed regulation who saves.

Description

Fan with cooling device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fan with rotational speed adjusting device especially is used for gas boiler's gas fan.

Background

Known from the prior art are: one or several ventilators are assigned to the gas burner or the gas boiler, wherein the ventilators are arranged, for example, to feed the combustion chamber with an air-gas mixture.

At present, the control of known direct current ventilators is done either simply by switching on or off the operation or by means of a DC/DC converter which supplies the ventilator with a variable voltage. Some ventilators that can only be switched on and off have an integrated speed regulation, but are also usually fixed in speed. The advantage of these ventilators is that, according to the technical solutions (semiconductor switches, bistable relays), switching operations can be achieved with lower losses. These ventilators have the disadvantage of operating at a constant rotational speed, which can have a negative effect on the efficiency and noise of the plant. Furthermore, application-specific adjustments, such as are required for gas burners, cannot be made.

Also known from the prior art are: ventilators with adjustable rotational speed are used in various applications. For this purpose, various methods of regulating the fan speed are known from the prior art. However, many of the known methods only poorly meet the requirements of fast, dynamic and at the same time stable adjustability, in particular in terms of adaptation to specific applications and installation conditions (for example different conditions of a gas boiler).

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

It is therefore an object of the present invention to improve a ventilator of the aforementioned type such that the efficiency of the rotational speed control can be improved, in particular in a stable regulation state, in order to automatically optimize the rotational speed regulation of the fan quickly and reliably.

This object is achieved by a combination of features according to the following.

The utility model provides a fan, especially gas fan have motor, integrated microcontroller and motor speed regulator and digital communication interface, the fan can pass through digital communication interface obtains the control command that is used for the rotational speed to adjust and predetermines the rated value, wherein motor speed regulator is used for through the algorithm based on the instruction according to the step response as the reaction to the control step of step function regulator parameter of rotational speed regulation optimizes to come from determining the regulator parameter through the empirical formula method who is used for the rotational speed to adjust with the help of keeping. The rotational speed is set on the basis of the regulator parameters determined in this way.

To this end, the speed regulator contains a fast specific algorithm that can be preloaded to a target rating to speed up the transient response of the fan to minimize the delay time.

Among other things, the basic aspect of the present invention is an algorithm that implements an optimization process of regulator parameters according to given regulation targets (specific applications and installation conditions) based on instructions. Wherein, the utility model discloses an algorithm is based on the instruction and survey control step after the system accomplishes the installation in order to obtain system step response. The regulator parameters optimized for the regulating object and the installation conditions are then calculated by means of empirical formulas.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the invention proposes a method of regulating the speed of the fan described above, wherein the step function is a command in the form of a control step that jumps to a predetermined control value K, preferably to about 80% to 100% of the rated speed, in order to bring the motor to the predetermined speed.

Furthermore, the following is advantageously provided: determining the step response from the control step. It is further advantageous to arrange: the step response is used to determine optimized control parameters based on empirical formulas in order to adjust the control object in order to operate the motor in a stable speed range.

Setting the delay time t_uAnd a compensation time t_GThe Chien-Hrones-Reswick method, the Ziegler-Nichols method or the T-sum rule method within these are considered as advantageous empirical equations. Other empirical formulas or heuristics for sizing the regulator may be used, and these heuristics solve the problem without a mathematical model of the regulating object.

In another advantageous technical solution of the present invention, the following are provided: the measured controller parameters are compared with limit values, and if the limit values are exceeded, one or several of the controller parameters reset the system to a previous or factory state by means of a reset function.

Another algorithm can optionally further optimize the adjustment empirically adaptively while the fan is operating, whereby long term variations in the system of the adjustment subject can be compensated for. For this purpose, the control step response is monitored with a minimum of changes to the control parameters and subsequent checking of the effect.

To this end, for optimizing the regulator parameter, it is advantageous to additionally vary the regulator parameter such that the system does not overshoot or only overshoots, for example, by a small amount of up to 10% above steady state, and, when the rotational speed regulation is carried out, to carry out a determination of the step response further on the basis of only a minimal or slight variation of the regulator parameter, which variation lies in a range of less than 10%, with reference to the current nominal value of the relevant parameter, and to evaluate the influence on the step response in order to further optimize the regulator parameter accordingly.

The optimal rapid setting process of the rated rotating speed is realized through the automatic application optimization of the rotating speed regulation.

The utility model discloses especially can be applied to following three kinds of system states. The method is applied to debugging through a training process, system startup by regulator optimization, and a working process by regulator optimization.

A training process is therefore provided as a first method step for speed regulation of the fan, in which regulator parameters are assigned to the motor speed regulators after system start-up on the basis of the evaluation of the step response and it is checked whether these regulator parameters are within the permissible value ranges stored in the system.

Furthermore, when the system is started after the training process has been carried out, the characteristic of the control variable from the last system start can be first evaluated and it can be determined therefrom whether the regulator parameters need to be adjusted. If it is determined that the control variable is to be adjusted, the control variable is changed in the manner described above and it is checked whether the control variable is within a permissible value range (stored in the system), and if the control variable is within the permissible value range stored in the system, the speed control is carried out using the control variable.

Furthermore, it is possible, during the operation of the fan, to check, after evaluating the step response and activating the rotational speed regulation, whether the regulation behavior consequently corresponds to a desired regulation behavior, wherein the number of undesired system states, which preferably run together as a counter in the system, is detected in order to determine therefrom whether the number of undesired regulation states is greater than a system-specific threshold value.

Drawings

With regard to the features of further advantageous developments of the invention, reference is made to the drawings and in the following to a detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention. Wherein:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of a fan according to an exemplary aspect of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating adaptive speed regulation of a fan optimized for a particular application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating speed adjustment during fan training;

FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart illustrating speed adjustment upon start-up of the fan system;

FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a sequence of instructions for speed regulator optimization during fan operation; and

fig. 6 is an exemplary response function to an adjustment step.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 6. Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a fan 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

The fan 1 has a motor 2, an integrated microcontroller 3 and a motor speed controller 4, as well as a digital communication interface 5, via which the fan 1 can receive control commands for speed control and setpoint values from a controller 6 (for example a burner controller).

The motor speed regulator 4 is constructed to: the controller parameters for the rotational speed control are optimized by a command-based algorithm (as shown in fig. 2 to 5) as a function of a step response (shown by way of example in fig. 6) in response to a control step of the step function, in order to determine the optimized controller parameters therefrom by means of stored empirical formulas for the rotational speed control.

In the past, it was conventional practice to perform a speed control in the control unit of the gas blower, wherein the speed control parameters were set in order to achieve a stable control under all conditions (different back pressures and interference factors). The prior art is generally tuned to the fastest accepted target of regulation resulting from minimal back pressure and a shorter exhaust pipe. Whereas the regulation for longer exhaust paths is extremely slow, which, for example, delays the production of hot water. Such systems can only change the regulator parameters manually, for example, via an interface.

Fig. 3 shows a training process according to the inventive solution. To carry out the start-up procedure of the system (fan 1), a control value of x% (for example 80% of the nominal speed) is entered as a step on the speed controller. The step response having the characteristics of, for example, fig. 6 is then scanned. Wherein, t_uFor delay time, t_GTo compensate for the time. The goal is to obtain as high a t as possible_GAnd t_uThe ratio of.

The plausibility check is first carried out on the measured values and the method is continued on the basis of the results. If these values are plausible, the regulator parameters are evaluated and it is evaluated whether the regulator parameters are within or outside the allowed value range. If the regulator parameter is within the allowable range, the regulation is considered to be successful and the desired speed range is set. If the actuator parameter is outside the permissible range, the actuator parameter below the permissible limit value is adjusted until the parameter is within the permissible range. Thereby ending the training process.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic flow diagram illustrating the speed regulation at start-up of the fan 1 system according to the solution of the invention. After the regulator optimization begins, the control variable characteristics from the last system start-up are analyzed and a determination is made as to whether regulator parameters need to be adjusted. If no adjustment is required, the described speed regulation is carried out. If, however, the regulator parameter needs to be adjusted, this adjustment is done by changing the regulator parameter and determining whether the regulator parameter is within the permitted range, and if the regulator parameter is outside the permitted range, further determining whether the regulator parameter is below the limit parameter. The regulator parameters are further adjusted or the rotational speed regulation is activated depending on the measurement result.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic flow chart depicting a sequence of instructions for speed regulator optimization during operation of the fan 1. First, it is determined by means of a counter whether the number of defective adjustment actions is above a defined threshold value, and a further process is carried out as shown in the flow chart on the basis of the determination result. If the number of states of the undesired regulating behavior is below the specified threshold value to date, steps are carried out in a manner similar to that described in fig. 4, wherein, with the rotational speed regulator activated, a step response (system response) is detected and it is determined from the step response (system response) whether the regulating behavior is proceeding as desired.

The scope of the invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. All the technical variants that make use of the solution shown in the figures, even if implemented in a completely different way, also fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fan (1) having a motor (2), an integrated microcontroller (3) and a motor speed controller (4) and a digital communication interface (5), via which the fan (1) can receive control commands for speed control and setpoint values, wherein the motor speed controller (4) optimizes controller parameters for the speed control by means of a command-based algorithm as a step response as a reaction to a control step of a step function, in order to determine therefrom the optimized controller parameters by means of stored empirical formulas for speed control.

2. The fan (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said step function is a command in the form of a control step jumping to a predetermined control value K in order to bring said motor (2) to a predetermined rotation speed.

3. A fan (1) as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that said predetermined control value K is 80% of the nominal rotation speed.

4. The fan (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the step response is determined from the steps.

5. The fan (1) according to any of the claims from 2 to 4, characterized in that the motor speed regulator (4) is structured as: on the basis of the step response and on the basis of empirical formulas, optimized controller parameters are determined in order to adjust the control object in order to operate the motor (2) in a stable rotational speed range.

6. The fan (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the empirical formula is a Chien-Hrones-Reswick method, a Ziegler-Nichols method or a T-summation rule method taking into account delay times and compensation times.

7. The fan (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a gas fan.