CN210040418U

CN210040418U - Fluid distribution structure of fuel cell stack module

Info

Publication number: CN210040418U
Application number: CN201921127929.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张宝; 李娜; 胡景春; 窦永香
Original assignee: Sunrise Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sunrise Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-17
Filing date: 2019-07-17
Publication date: 2020-02-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-17

Abstract

The utility model provides a fuel cell galvanic pile module fluid distribution structure, which is formed by connecting and fixing a galvanic pile end plate, a packaging shell wall and a distribution manifold which is used for integrating a hydrogen channel, a cooling liquid channel and an air channel and then converting the hydrogen channel, the cooling liquid channel and the air channel and realizing distribution according to needs in a sealing way, and is characterized in that the distribution manifold mainly comprises a body, a conversion part arranged at one side of the body and a connecting part at the other side, wherein the conversion part is provided with chambers which are mutually isolated and respectively communicated with the hydrogen channel, the cooling liquid channel and the air channel of the galvanic pile module; the connecting part is a connecting area protruding out of one side end face of the body, and is provided with an access port corresponding to the hydrogen channel, the cooling liquid channel and the air channel on the electric pile end plate and the packaging shell wall, correspondingly, the hydrogen access port is communicated with the hydrogen chamber, the cooling liquid access port is communicated with the cooling liquid chamber, and the air access port is communicated with the air chamber. The utility model has the advantages of few parts, multiple function integration and the like.

Description

Fluid distribution structure of fuel cell stack module

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and more particularly to IPC class number H01M, a method or apparatus for directly converting chemical energy into electrical energy, such as batteries (electrochemical methods or apparatus in general C25; semiconductors or other solid state devices for converting light or heat into electrical energy H01L, such as H01L31/00, H01L35/00, H01L37/00) (2); H01M8/00, fuel cell; and its manufacture (2); and more particularly, to a fuel cell stack module fluid distribution structure.

Background

The proton exchange membrane fuel cell has the outstanding characteristics of quick start at room temperature, no electrolyte loss, easy water discharge, long service life, high specific power and specific energy and the like, is suitable for being used as a power system of vehicles, ships and other delivery vehicles, and can also be used as a mobile or fixed power generation unit, such as a fuel cell engine, a standby power supply in the communication field or an emergency generator of a transformer substation. However, as a main driving energy generation device for a passenger vehicle, a fuel cell engine is often required to have a high power density. That is, a fuel cell stack (fuel cell module) having a large power output is necessarily required while having a small volume or mass. This places high demands on the design and manufacture of current fuel cell stack modules, and all the components must be minimized in volume, diversified in function, and compact in connection structure.

Since the fuel cell stack module generates electricity through electrochemical reaction using hydrogen and air as reaction media, and the heat of reaction is taken away by coolant and then exchanges heat with the environment through a radiator, it is equipped with a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system, and a water thermal management system. Generally, these systems provide the reactor module with the reaction medium and the coolant through relatively independent pipelines or split structures, and need to make sealing and insulation protection, and increase the processing procedure and cost, and naturally there is a greater leakage risk, which inevitably results in the portion occupying a larger volume. For example, as a typical representative of the prior art, chinese utility model patent application No. 201820903203.5 discloses a cell stack structure in a fuel cell stack device, and its distribution structure is divided into distribution connection structures with hydrogen, air and coolant, and as can be seen from fig. 7 in the utility model document, the distribution connection structure is firstly fixed with an end frame, and then realizes fixed connection with a fuel cell unit through an intermediate connection part, and it is not difficult to find, and from the general view, the kinds of parts are many, and the sealing surfaces between each other are also many, and the leakage hidden danger is large. Meanwhile, the directions of hydrogen, air and cooling liquid interfaces can not be adjusted, and the hydrogen, air and cooling liquid interfaces can only be perpendicular to the end frame, so that the occupied space is large, and the layout adaptability to engine parts is poor.

Therefore, there is a need for an integrated distribution structure with certain functionality to solve the connection problem between the integrated distribution structure and achieve a compact structure and good insulation and sealing performance. The existing integrated distribution structure basically has the problem of complex assembly or multi-body connection, and is not beneficial to batch manufacturing and assembly. In addition, the intermediate connection links are more (parts are more), especially, the function maximization of an integrated distribution structure is not realized, and because the system needs to be provided with detection interfaces for temperature, pressure, humidity and the like on each medium circulation pipeline respectively, the unified planning and efficient utilization of space are difficult to realize, so that the outer envelope space of the fuel cell system is large on the whole, and the integration of the whole vehicle is not favorable. Needless to say, only the distribution connection structure that achieves the above-described functions and is highly integrated on the minimum parts is effective in increasing the volumetric power density, which is also a trend in the development of fuel cell engines.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

According to the technical problems that the pipelines or the split structures in the existing fuel cell are difficult to realize high integration and poor sealing and insulation protection performance, the fuel cell stack module fluid distribution structure is provided. The utility model discloses mainly have the distribution manifold of conversion portion through the setting, realize that each pipeline is reasonable to collect and distribute the conversion to and through the connected mode of distribution manifold's connecting portion and end plate and encapsulation casing, realize the effect sealed and insulated protection.

The utility model discloses a technical means as follows:

a fuel cell stack module fluid distribution structure is formed by hermetically connecting and fixing stack end plates, packaging shell walls and a distribution manifold which is used for integrating a hydrogen channel, a cooling liquid channel and an air channel and then converting the hydrogen channel, the cooling liquid channel and the air channel to realize distribution according to needs,

the distribution manifold mainly comprises a body, a conversion part arranged on one side of the body and a connecting part on the other side of the body, wherein the conversion part is provided with chambers which are mutually isolated, namely a hydrogen chamber communicated with a hydrogen channel of the stack module, a cooling liquid chamber communicated with a cooling liquid channel of the stack module and an air chamber communicated with an air channel of the stack module; the connecting part is a connecting area protruding out of one side end face of the body, and is provided with an access port corresponding to the hydrogen channel, the cooling liquid channel and the air channel on the electric pile end plate, correspondingly, the hydrogen access port is communicated with the hydrogen chamber, the cooling liquid access port is communicated with the cooling liquid chamber, and the air access port is communicated with the air chamber.

Further, the connecting portion is an integrated connecting area or a split connecting area, and the split connecting area comprises a hydrogen connecting area, a cooling liquid connecting area and an air connecting area.

Furthermore, the size of the outer wall surface of the connecting area of the connecting part is smaller than the inner diameter of a corresponding channel opening on the packaging shell wall, and the thickness of the connecting area is matched with that of the packaging shell wall; during assembly, the connecting part of the distribution manifold is embedded into the channel opening I of the wall of the packaging shell, corresponds to each channel opening II on the stack end plate, and then is fixed relative to the stack end plate.

Furthermore, a first seal is formed between the body of the distribution manifold and the wall of the packaging shell through a sealing glue line II, and a second seal is formed between the front end face of the connecting part of the distribution manifold and the end plate of the stack through a sealing glue line I.

Furthermore, the material of the distribution manifold is PA66+ 30% GF or PBT + 30% GF, namely nylon 66+ 30% glass fiber or polybutylene terephthalate + 30% glass fiber or engineering plastic with the water absorption of less than 1.0% and the bending strength of more than 70 MPa.

Further, the inflow direction of hydrogen, cooling liquid and air entering the distribution manifold through the respective inlets on the connection portion of the distribution manifold and the outflow direction of the above-mentioned medium through the integrated conversion of the conversion portion of the distribution manifold are set to be the same or different according to the requirements and the size and structural limitations of the application space.

Furthermore, the inflow caliber and the outflow caliber of each cavity integrally converted by the distribution manifold conversion part are both smaller than or equal to the equivalent caliber of each access port on the distribution manifold connection part, and the proper size can be determined according to flow matching calculation.

Further, the distribution manifold has an insulation resistance greater than 550 mohms against the stack end plates and the enclosure walls in a stack module bulk coolant flow state.

Further, the distribution manifold is provided with a flat part, and a physical parameter detection interface such as pressure, temperature and humidity can be arranged.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following:

1. the utility model provides a conversion part of a distribution manifold, which is provided with chambers isolated from each other, and the three chambers are respectively communicated with a hydrogen channel of a galvanic pile module, a cooling liquid channel of the galvanic pile module and an air channel of the galvanic pile module; the integration is realized to the maximum extent;

2. the connecting part of the distribution manifold provided by the utility model is a connecting area protruding out of one side end face of the body, can be arranged into an integral type or a split type according to the installation requirement, and is fixed with the pile end plate or the packaging shell wall after being matched with the packaging shell, thus fundamentally solving the problems of high-efficiency connection and insulation protection;

3. the utility model discloses a sealed problem has further been solved to twice joint tape line, ensures that the fuel cell module possesses good gas tightness and reliability to reach the purpose of safe handling.

To sum up, the utility model discloses a design can be to the fuel cell stack of different structural style, and the commonality is strong, has designed the fluid medium route, has considered the totality sealed and insulating to the most function integration has been realized to minimum part quantity, minimum space use. The fuel cell module can achieve the improvement of the total output power and also significantly improve the power density.

Based on the above reason, the utility model discloses have very big potentiality to on-vehicle application, also be suitable for the operational environment that other high power output and high power density required simultaneously, can extensively promote.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell stack module fluid distribution structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of a fuel cell stack module fluid distribution structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line a-a in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of C in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a top view of a fuel cell stack module fluid distribution structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 5.

In the figure: 1. a stack end plate; 2. a package housing wall; 3. a distribution manifold; 3.1, a body; 3.2, a conversion part; 3.3, a connecting part; 3.4, a hydrogen channel of the pile module; 3.5, a cooling liquid channel of the electric pile module; 3.6, an air channel of the pile module; 3.7, installing a fixing hole; 4. a sealing glue line I; 5. and a sealing glue line II.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. Any specific values in all examples shown and discussed herein are to be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a contrary explanation, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element in question must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and if not stated otherwise, the terms have no special meaning, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

As shown in fig. 1, the utility model provides a fuel cell galvanic pile module fluid distribution structure is fixed to be formed by galvanic pile end plate 1, encapsulation casing wall 2 and be used for switching realization as required distribution's distribution manifold 3 sealing connection behind integrated hydrogen passageway, coolant liquid passageway and the empty air duct that will set gradually.

As shown in fig. 2-6, the distribution manifold 3 is mainly composed of a body 3.1, a converting part 3.2 disposed on one side of the body 3.1, and a connecting part 3.3 on the other side, wherein the converting part 3.2 has chambers isolated from each other, namely a hydrogen chamber communicated with a stack module hydrogen passage 3.4, a cooling liquid chamber communicated with a stack module cooling liquid passage 3.5, and an air chamber communicated with a stack module air passage 3.6; the connecting portion 3.3 is a connecting area protruding from an end face of one side of the body 3.1, and is provided with an inlet corresponding to the hydrogen channel, the cooling liquid channel and the air channel on the stack end plate 1, and accordingly, the hydrogen inlet is communicated with the hydrogen chamber, the cooling liquid inlet is communicated with the cooling liquid chamber, and the air inlet is communicated with the air chamber.

According to the actual design requirement, the connecting part 3.3 is an integrated connecting area or a split connecting area, and the split connecting area comprises a hydrogen connecting area, a cooling liquid connecting area and an air connecting area. When the integrally connected regions are designed, i.e., the projections are of unitary construction, the access openings of the respective channels are separated by partitions that are spaced from one another.

The size of the outer wall surface of the connection area of the connecting part 3.3 is smaller than the inner diameter of a corresponding channel opening on the packaging shell wall 2, namely when the connecting part 3.3 is an integrated connection area, the channel opening on the packaging shell wall 2 is a through hole which is matched with the outer wall surface of the connecting part, can be in clearance fit and is sealed by the following two sealing glue lines; when the connecting portion 3.3 is a split type connecting region, as shown in fig. 3, a corresponding passage opening is formed in the housing wall 2 of the package housing, and the size of the outer wall surface of each access opening on the connecting portion 3.3 is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the passage opening, so that clearance fit is realized; the thickness of the connecting area is matched with the thickness of the packaging shell wall 2, namely, during assembly, the connecting part 3.3 of the distribution manifold 3 is embedded into (keeps a certain gap to enter) the channel opening I of the packaging shell wall 2, and is fixed relative to the stack end plate 1 after corresponding to each channel opening II on the stack end plate 1.

A first seal is formed between the body 3.1 of the distribution manifold 3 and the packaging shell wall 2 through a sealing glue line II 5, and a second seal is formed between the front end face of the connecting part 3.3 of the distribution manifold 3 and the stack end plate 1 through a sealing glue line I; the material of the distribution manifold 3 is nylon 66+ 30% glass fiber or polybutylene terephthalate + 30% glass fiber (PA66+ 30% GF or PBT + 30% GF) or engineering plastic with the water absorption less than 1.0% and the bending strength more than 70 MPa.

As shown in fig. 3, the connecting portion 3.3 of the distribution manifold 3 is fixed relative to the stack end plate by a sealant line, so that the problem of insulation sealing is fundamentally solved.

The inflow direction of hydrogen, coolant and air entering the distribution manifold 3 through the respective inlets on the connecting portion 3.3 of the distribution manifold 3 and the outflow direction of the above-mentioned medium through the integrated conversion of the conversion portion 3.2 of the distribution manifold 3 are set to be the same or different according to the requirements and the size of the application space and the structural limitations, i.e. the stack module hydrogen channel 3.4, the stack module coolant channel 3.5 and the stack module air channel 3.6 can be set on different sides of the conversion portion 3.2 of the distribution manifold 3 according to the requirements. As shown in fig. 6, the inflow direction and the outflow direction of each inlet are shown to be reversed by 90 °, that is, the horizontal inflow direction is converted into the vertical outflow direction, and the outlets of each passage are reasonably distributed in a limited space.

The inflow caliber and the outflow caliber of each cavity integrally converted by the conversion part 3.2 of the distribution manifold 3 are both smaller than or equal to the equivalent caliber of each access port on the connection part 3.3 of the distribution manifold 3, and the proper size can be determined according to flow matching calculation.

The distribution manifold 3 insulates the stack from the stack end plate 1 and the enclosure wall 2 in a flow state of the stack module overall coolant by more than 550M Ω.

The distribution manifold 3 has a flat portion thereon, and can be provided with physical parameter detection interfaces such as pressure, temperature and humidity.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell stack module fluid distribution structure is formed by hermetically connecting and fixing a stack end plate (1), a packaging shell wall (2) and a distribution manifold (3) which is used for integrating a hydrogen channel, a cooling liquid channel and an air channel and then converting the hydrogen channel, the cooling liquid channel and the air channel to realize distribution according to needs, which are sequentially arranged,

the distribution manifold (3) mainly comprises a body (3.1), a conversion part (3.2) arranged on one side of the body (3.1) and a connecting part (3.3) on the other side, wherein the conversion part (3.2) is provided with chambers which are mutually isolated, namely a hydrogen chamber communicated with a hydrogen channel (3.4) of the stack module, a cooling liquid chamber communicated with a cooling liquid channel (3.5) of the stack module and an air chamber communicated with an air channel (3.6) of the stack module; the connecting part (3.3) is a connecting area protruding out of one side end face of the body (3.1), and is provided with an access port corresponding to a hydrogen channel, a cooling liquid channel and an air channel on the pile end plate (1), correspondingly, the hydrogen access port is communicated with the hydrogen chamber, the cooling liquid access port is communicated with the cooling liquid chamber, and the air access port is communicated with the air chamber.

2. Fuel cell stack module fluid distribution structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection (3.3) is an integrated connection zone or a split connection zone, i.e. comprising a hydrogen connection zone, a coolant connection zone and an air connection zone.

3. Fuel cell stack module fluid distribution structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the connection area of the connection portion (3.3) has an outer wall surface dimension smaller than the corresponding passage opening inner diameter of the enclosure housing wall (2), the thickness of the connection area matching the thickness of the enclosure housing wall (2); during assembly, the connecting parts (3.3) of the distribution manifold (3) are embedded into the passage openings I of the packaging shell wall (2), correspond to the passage openings II on the stack end plate (1), and then are fixed relative to the stack end plate (1).

4. The fuel cell stack module fluid distribution structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a first seal is formed between the body (3.1) of the distribution manifold (3) and the enclosure wall (2) by a sealant line ii (5), and a second seal is formed between the front end face of the connection portion (3.3) of the distribution manifold (3) and the stack end plate (1) by a sealant line i.

5. The fuel cell stack module fluid distribution structure of claim 1, characterized in that the distribution manifold (3) is made of PA66+ 30% GF or PBT + 30% GF or an engineering plastic with a water absorption of less than 1.0% and a bending strength of more than 70 MPa.

6. The fuel cell stack module fluid distribution structure according to claim 1, wherein the inflow direction of hydrogen, coolant, air into the distribution manifold (3) through each inlet on the connection portion (3.3) of the distribution manifold (3) and the outflow direction of hydrogen, coolant, air through the integrated conversion of the conversion portion (3.2) of the distribution manifold (3) are set to be the same or different according to the demand and the requirement of the size and structural limitation of the application space.

7. The fuel cell stack module fluid distribution structure according to claim 1, wherein the inflow caliber and the outflow caliber of each chamber integrally converted by the conversion part (3.2) of the distribution manifold (3) are less than or equal to the equivalent caliber of each inlet on the connection part (3.3) of the distribution manifold (3), and can be determined to be suitable according to flow matching calculation.

8. The fuel cell stack module fluid distribution structure according to claim 1, wherein the distribution manifold (3) has an insulation resistance of more than 550M Ω with respect to the stack end plate (1) and the enclosure wall (2) in a stack module overall coolant flow state.

9. Fuel cell stack module fluid distribution structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the distribution manifold (3) has flat sections above it, allowing the setting of pressure, temperature and humidity physical parameter detection interfaces.