CN210034229U

CN210034229U - Braking device and motor with same

Info

Publication number: CN210034229U
Application number: CN201920769468.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈飞龙; 杨�一; 孙宝茹; 杨文德; 车礼超
Original assignee: Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Current assignee: Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Priority date: 2019-05-24
Filing date: 2019-05-24
Publication date: 2020-02-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-24

Abstract

The utility model provides a arresting gear and have its motor, arresting gear includes: a brake section; the friction part is used for being connected with the rotating shaft and has a free state separated from the braking part and a braking state in which friction is generated with the braking part, the friction part can rotate with the rotating shaft under the condition that the friction part is in the free state, and the friction part can brake the rotating shaft under the condition that the friction part is in the braking state; and the guide gap is arranged between the friction part and the braking part, and the size of one side of the guide gap, which is far away from the rotating shaft, is larger than that of one side of the guide gap, which is close to the rotating shaft. Through the technical scheme provided by the utility model, the wearing and tearing dust that can solve among the prior art arresting gear and produce gets into easily with the problem of arresting gear complex part.

Description

Braking device and motor with same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of braking devices, in particular to a braking device and a motor with the braking device.

Background

Braking devices, such as electromagnetic braking devices, are mainly used for precise control and braking of rotating mechanisms (such as motor devices and the like). For example, the braking device is installed in a servo motor, a friction plate of the braking device rotates along with a rotating shaft of the motor, the friction plate rubs with other parts to brake in the braking process of the braking device, abrasion is generated due to friction, dust cannot be avoided, and the dust can be brought into a rear-end encoder by the rotation of the rotating shaft of the motor to pollute a code disc and influence the performance of the motor. The dust can be brought into the stator and the rotor of the motor, one of the dust affects the performance of the motor, and the other dust can generate short circuit and other conditions.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a braking device and a motor with the same, and aims to solve the problem that abrasion dust generated by the braking device in the prior art is easy to enter parts matched with the braking device.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brake apparatus including: a brake section; the friction part is used for being connected with the rotating shaft and has a free state separated from the braking part and a braking state in which friction is generated with the braking part, the friction part can rotate with the rotating shaft under the condition that the friction part is in the free state, and the friction part can brake the rotating shaft under the condition that the friction part is in the braking state; and the guide gap is arranged between the friction part and the braking part, and the size of one side of the guide gap, which is far away from the rotating shaft, is larger than that of one side of the guide gap, which is close to the rotating shaft.

Further, the brake portion includes: a base body; the stop piece is arranged at a distance from the seat body; the movable piece is movably arranged between the base body and the friction portion, the movable piece is provided with an avoiding position for avoiding the friction portion and a braking position for abutting against the friction portion, and the guide gap is arranged between the friction portion and the stop piece and/or between the friction portion and the movable piece.

Further, the braking device further includes: the accommodation groove is arranged in the guide gap.

Further, the guide gap includes a first gap provided between the friction portion and the stopper.

Further, under the condition that the movable piece is in the braking position, the first gap is of an annular structure and is arranged around a friction area between the friction part and the stop piece.

Furthermore, the included angle between the two side walls of the first gap is A, and A is more than or equal to 0.1 degree and less than or equal to 0.5 degree.

Further, a is 0.3 °.

Further, the friction portion has a first inclined surface on a side facing the stopper, the first inclined surface is inclined with respect to a radial direction of the friction portion, and a region between the first inclined surface and an end surface of the stopper forms a first gap.

Further, the end face of the stopper has a first groove, and the opening of the first groove faces the first gap.

Further, the stopper has a second inclined surface on a side facing the friction portion, the second inclined surface being inclined with respect to a radial direction of the friction portion, and a region between the second inclined surface and an end surface of the friction portion forms a first gap.

Further, the guide gap includes a second gap provided between the friction portion and the movable piece.

Further, under the condition that the movable piece is in the braking position, the second gap is of an annular structure and is arranged around a friction area between the friction portion and the movable piece.

Furthermore, the included angle between the two side walls of the second gap is B, and B is more than or equal to 0.1 degree and less than or equal to 0.5 degree.

Further, B is 0.1 °.

Furthermore, one side of the friction part facing the movable piece is provided with a third inclined surface, the third inclined surface is obliquely arranged relative to the radial direction of the friction part, and a second gap is formed between the third inclined surface and the end surface of the movable piece.

Furthermore, the end face of the movable piece is provided with a second groove, and the opening of the second groove faces the second gap.

Further, one side of the movable piece facing the friction portion is provided with a fourth inclined surface, the fourth inclined surface is arranged obliquely relative to the radial direction of the friction portion, and a second gap is formed between the fourth inclined surface and the area between the end surfaces of the friction portion.

Further, the pedestal is the stator, and the moving part is the magnetism piece of inhaling, and arresting gear still includes: a coil disposed within the seat; the first elastic piece is arranged in the seat body, and one end of the first elastic piece is abutted with the movable piece; the coil is under the circumstances of circular telegram, and the pedestal attracts the moving part to move to dodging the position, and the coil is under the circumstances of outage, and first elastic component promotes the moving part and moves to the braking position.

Further, the brake portion includes: a base body; the movable piece movably sets up between pedestal and the friction portion, and the movable piece has the position of dodging the friction portion and supports the braking position who presses the friction portion, and the guide clearance sets up between friction portion and movable piece.

Further, the friction portion includes: the hub is used for being connected with the rotating shaft; the first friction piece is arranged on one side, facing the movable piece, of the hub, and the guide gap is arranged between the first friction piece and the movable piece.

Furthermore, the hub is provided with a mounting hole, a positioning hole and an annular groove, the mounting hole is used for mounting the rotating shaft, the positioning hole is communicated with the mounting hole, the positioning hole is used for penetrating through a positioning piece, and the annular groove is arranged on the end face of the hub; first friction piece is the loop configuration, and first friction piece sets up in the ring channel, and first friction piece protrusion is in the terminal surface of wheel hub.

Further, the friction portion includes: the hub is used for being connected with the rotating shaft; the first friction piece is arranged on the hub, the position of the first friction piece in the circumferential direction of the hub is fixed, the first friction piece can move in the axial direction of the hub, the first friction piece can move to the position of avoiding the braking portion and the position of abutting against the braking portion, and the guide gap is arranged between the first friction piece and the braking portion.

Furthermore, the friction part also comprises a magnet and a second elastic piece, the magnet is fixedly connected with the first friction piece, and the second elastic piece is arranged between the first friction piece and the hub; the braking part comprises a seat body, a second friction piece and a coil, the coil is arranged in the seat body, the second friction piece is arranged on one side of the seat body facing the first friction piece, and a guide gap is arranged between the first friction piece and the second friction piece; when the coil is electrified, the seat body repels the magnet, so that the first friction piece and the second friction piece are spaced; the second elastic member can push the first friction member to move towards the second friction member when the coil is in the power-off state.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric machine comprising a braking device, the braking device being as provided above.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the braking part and the friction part are arranged in the braking device, wherein the friction part is used for being connected with the rotating shaft, the friction part can rotate along with the rotating shaft when the friction part is separated from the braking part, and the rotating shaft can be braked when the friction part rubs with the braking part. A guide gap is provided between the friction portion and the braking portion, and a dimension of a side of the guide gap remote from the rotation shaft is larger than a dimension of a side of the guide gap close to the rotation shaft. Like this friction portion is under the condition that is in braking state, and the opening orientation of guide clearance is kept away from the one side of pivot axis, and friction portion and system portion take place the friction and produce the dust, and under centrifugal force and air current drive, the dust can get into the guide clearance in, and can not move towards the axis of pivot, consequently, can reduce or avoid the dust to get into with arresting gear complex part in, avoid the dust to cause the harm to other parts.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a braking apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the brake apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows a partial enlarged view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the friction portion of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the friction portion of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural view of the stopper of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of the moving part of FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a braking apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a braking device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a base body; 11. a second friction member; 20. a stopper; 21. a first trench; 30. a friction portion; 31. a first inclined plane; 32. a third inclined plane; 33. a hub; 34. a first friction member; 35. a magnet; 36. a second elastic member; 40. a movable member; 41. a second trench; 50. a guide gap; 51. a first gap; 52. a second gap; 60. a coil; 70. a first elastic member; 80. a cylinder; 90. and (6) a square sleeve.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a brake apparatus including: a brake section; a friction part 30, the friction part 30 is used for connecting with the rotating shaft, the friction part 30 has a free state separated from the braking part and a braking state generating friction with the braking part, when the friction part 30 is in the free state, the friction part 30 can rotate with the rotating shaft, and when the friction part 30 is in the braking state, the friction part 30 can brake the rotating shaft; and a guide gap 50 provided between the friction part 30 and the braking part, wherein the size of the guide gap 50 on the side far away from the rotating shaft is larger than that of the guide gap 50 on the side near the rotating shaft.

By applying the technical scheme of the embodiment, a braking portion and a friction portion 30 are arranged in the braking device, wherein the friction portion 30 is used for being connected with the rotating shaft, when the friction portion 30 is separated from the braking portion, the friction portion 30 can rotate along with the rotating shaft, and when the friction portion 30 rubs with the braking portion, the rotating shaft can be braked. A guide gap 50 is provided between the friction part 30 and the braking part, and a size of a side of the guide gap 50 away from the rotation shaft is larger than a size of a side of the guide gap 50 close to the rotation shaft. Therefore, under the condition that the friction part 30 is in a braking state, the opening of the guide gap 50 faces to the side far away from the axis of the rotating shaft, the friction part 30 rubs with the system part to generate dust, and the dust can enter the guide gap 50 and cannot move towards the axis of the rotating shaft under the driving of centrifugal force and airflow, so that the dust can be reduced or prevented from entering parts matched with a braking device, and the dust is prevented from damaging other parts.

In the present embodiment, the braking portion includes: a base body 10; a stopper 20 spaced apart from the seat body 10; the movable element 40 is movably disposed between the seat body 10 and the friction portion 30, the movable element 40 has an avoiding position for avoiding the friction portion 30 and a braking position for pressing against the friction portion 30, and the guide gap 50 is disposed between the friction portion 30 and the stopper 20 and/or between the friction portion 30 and the movable element 40.

By applying the technical scheme of the embodiment, the base body 10, the stop member 20, the friction portion 30 and the movable member 40 are arranged in the braking device, wherein the friction portion 30 is used for being connected with the rotating shaft, when the movable member 40 is located at the avoiding position, the movable member 40 is not in contact with the friction portion 30, the friction portion 30 can rotate along with the rotating shaft, when the movable member 40 is located at the braking position, the movable member 40 presses against the friction portion 30 and the stop member 20, so that the friction portion 30 rubs against the movable member 40 and/or the stop member 20 to brake the rotating shaft, namely, the rotating shaft is stopped. A guide gap 50 is provided between the friction portion 30 and the stopper 20, and/or a guide gap 50 is provided between the friction portion 30 and the movable member 40, and a size of a side of the guide gap 50 away from the rotation shaft is larger than a size of a side of the guide gap close to the rotation shaft. Thus, when the movable member 40 is in the braking position, the opening of the guide gap 50 faces to a side away from the axis of the rotating shaft, the friction portion 30 rubs against the movable member 40 or the stopper 20 to generate dust, and the dust can enter the guide gap 50 under the driving of centrifugal force and air flow and cannot move towards the axis of the rotating shaft, so that the dust can be reduced or prevented from entering parts (such as an encoder, a stator and a rotor of a motor) matched with the braking device, and the dust is prevented from damaging other parts.

By adopting the scheme, dust generated in the friction braking process is influenced by the guide gap 50 and is diffused in the large-space direction, namely, the dust is diffused to the outer surface of the friction part 30, so that the influence of diffusion to the motor rotating shaft is avoided. Through the arrangement, dust generated by friction can be prevented from being attached to the friction surface to reduce the friction coefficient of the friction part 30, and the influence of braking torque on braking performance is reduced. During use, the friction surface or the friction outer diameter is gradually increased, the friction force is increased, and the braking torque is increased.

In the present embodiment, the gap between the movable member 40 and the seat 10 can be set to 0.05mm-0.15mm when the friction portion 30 is in the free state.

In this embodiment, the guide gap 50 may be configured such that the size of the guide gap 50 gradually increases from the side close to the axis of the rotating shaft to the side away from the axis of the rotating shaft, which may provide a better guiding effect for the dust.

In this embodiment, the braking device further includes: and a receiving groove provided in the guide gap 50. The dust that the friction produced can enter into the holding tank at the in-process that moves to the outside from the middle part of friction portion 30, and the dust can be collected to the holding tank like this, avoids the dust to fly away and polluted environment or spare part.

As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the guide gap 50 includes a first gap 51, and the first gap 51 is provided between the friction portion 30 and the stopper 20. Thus, dust generated when the friction portion 30 rubs against the stopper 20 can enter the first gap 51 by centrifugal force and airflow without moving toward the axis of the rotating shaft, thereby reducing or preventing the dust from entering parts engaged with the braking device and causing damage.

Specifically, when the movable member 40 is in the braking position, the first gap 51 has an annular structure, and the first gap 51 is disposed around a friction area between the friction portion 30 and the stopper 20. The first gap 51 is arranged in an annular structure and is arranged around the friction area between the friction part 30 and the stopper 20, so that dust generated at different positions of the friction part 30 and the stopper 20 due to friction can enter the first gap 51, and the dust is prevented from moving to the axis of the rotating shaft.

As shown in FIG. 4, the angle between the two side walls of the first gap 51 is A, and A is 0.1 DEG-0.5 deg. The included angle between the two side walls of the first gap 51 is set within the range, so that the dust can be guided and collected well, and the braking effect can be ensured. After a period of use, the friction part 30 and the stopper 20 increase in contact area with increasing wear, so that the braking effect can be improved, and the problem of reduced braking effect due to long-term use can be avoided. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the value of a may be set to 0.3 °

Specifically, the friction portion 30 has a first inclined surface 31 on a side facing the stopper 20, the first inclined surface 31 is inclined with respect to a radial direction of the friction portion 30, and a region between the first inclined surface 31 and an end surface of the stopper 20 forms a first gap 51. Thus, the first gap 51 can be manufactured by machining the first inclined surface 31 on the friction part 30, and the structure is simple and the manufacturing is convenient.

Further, as shown in fig. 6, the stopper 20 has a first groove 21 on an end surface thereof, and the first groove 21 opens toward the first gap 51. Therefore, dust generated when the friction part 30 rubs against the stopper 20 can enter the first groove 21 in the process of moving from the middle of the friction part 30 to the outside, so that the first groove 21 can collect the dust, and the dust is prevented from flying to pollute the environment or parts. Specifically, the first groove 21 may be provided in a ring shape, and the first groove 21 may be provided in plural with different diameters. In the present embodiment, the first groove 21 may be provided on the first slope 31.

In an embodiment, which is not shown, the stop 20 has a second inclined surface on the side facing the friction portion 30, the second inclined surface being arranged inclined with respect to the radial direction of the friction portion 30, the end surface of the friction portion 30 being parallel to the radial direction of the friction portion 30, the area between the second inclined surface and the end surface of the friction portion 30 forming a first gap 51. Thus, the first gap 51 can be manufactured by machining the second slope on the stopper 20, and in this way, the structure is simple and the manufacturing is convenient.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the guide gap 50 includes a second gap 52, and the second gap 52 is provided between the friction portion 30 and the movable element 40. Thus, dust generated when the friction portion 30 rubs against the movable member 40 can enter the second gap 52 by centrifugal force and airflow without moving toward the axis of the rotating shaft, thereby reducing or preventing the dust from entering the parts cooperating with the braking device and causing damage.

Specifically, when the movable member 40 is in the braking position, the second gap 52 is an annular structure, and the second gap 52 is disposed around a friction area between the friction portion 30 and the movable member 40. The second gap 52 is configured as an annular structure and is disposed around the friction area between the friction portion 30 and the movable member 40, so that dust generated at different positions of the friction portion 30 and the movable member 40 due to friction can enter the second gap 52, and the dust is prevented from moving toward the axis of the rotating shaft.

As shown in FIG. 4, the angle between the two sidewalls of the second gap 52 is B, which is 0.1 DEG-0.5 deg. Setting the included angle between the two side walls of the second gap 52 within this range can achieve good dust guiding and collecting effects, and can ensure braking effects. After a period of use, the contact area between the friction portion 30 and the movable member 40 increases with the increase of the wear amount of the two, so as to improve the braking effect and avoid the problem of the reduction of the braking effect caused by long-term use. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the value of B may be set to 0.1 °.

In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the angle between both sidewalls of the second gap 52 is 0.1 °, and the angle between both sidewalls of the first gap 51 is 0.3 °. Or the angle between the two sidewalls of the second gap 52 is 0.2 °, the angle between the two sidewalls of the first gap 51 is 0.4 °, or the angle between the two sidewalls of the second gap 52 is 0.3 °, and the angle between the two sidewalls of the first gap 51 is 0.5 °.

Specifically, the side of the friction portion 30 facing the movable member 40 has a third inclined surface 32, the third inclined surface 32 is disposed obliquely with respect to the radial direction of the friction portion 30, and a region between the third inclined surface 32 and the end surface of the movable member 40 forms a second gap 52. Thus, the second gap 52 can be manufactured by machining the third inclined surface 32 on the friction part 30, and in this way, the structure is simple and the manufacturing is convenient.

Further, as shown in fig. 7, the end surface of the movable member 40 has a second groove 41, and the second groove 41 opens toward the second gap 52. Therefore, dust generated when the friction part 30 rubs against the movable part 40 can enter the second groove 41 in the process of moving from the middle part of the friction part 30 to the outside, and the second groove 41 can collect the dust, so that the dust is prevented from flying to pollute the environment or parts. Specifically, the second groove 41 may be provided in a ring shape, and the second groove 41 may also be provided in plural with different diameters. In the present embodiment, the second groove 41 may also be provided on the third inclined surface 32.

In an embodiment, which is not shown, the side of the movable element 40 facing the friction portion 30 has a fourth inclined surface, which is inclined with respect to the radial direction of the friction portion 30, the end surface of the friction portion 30 is parallel to the radial direction of the friction portion 30, and the area between the fourth inclined surface and the end surface of the friction portion 30 forms a second gap 52. Thus, the second gap 52 can be formed by machining the fourth inclined surface on the movable member 40, which is simple and easy to manufacture.

In the braking device provided in this embodiment, the base 10 is a stator, the movable member 40 is a magnetic member, and the braking device further includes: a coil 60 disposed in the housing 10; a first elastic element 70 disposed in the base body 10, wherein one end of the first elastic element 70 abuts against the movable element 40; when the coil 60 is energized, the seat body 10 attracts the movable member 40 to move to the retracted position, and when the coil 60 is de-energized, the first elastic member 70 pushes the movable member 40 to move to the braking position. That is, the braking device may be provided as an electromagnetic brake, so that the state of the braking device may be controlled by power-on or power-off, for convenience of operation. Specifically, the seat body 10 is made of a magnetic conductive metal material, low-carbon steel with high magnetic conductivity, and the like, the friction portion 30 is made of a composite material containing phenolic resin, metal fibers, glass fibers, and the like, and the rest of the components are made of common metal materials.

The braking device further includes: a cylinder 80 disposed on the base 10, the stopper 20 being connected to the cylinder 80; the friction part 30 of the square sleeve 90 is provided with a square hole, the peripheral surface of the square sleeve 90 is matched with the square hole in the friction part 30, and the square sleeve 90 is used for being connected with a rotating shaft. Thus, the connection of the stopper 20 to the housing 10 is achieved by the cylinder 80, and the connection of the rotation shaft to the friction part 30 is achieved by the square sleeve 90.

As shown in fig. 8, in the second embodiment of the present invention, the braking portion includes: a base body 10; the movable member 40 is movably disposed between the seat body 10 and the friction portion 30, the movable member 40 has an escape position for escaping from the friction portion 30 and a braking position for pressing against the friction portion 30, and the guide gap 50 is disposed between the friction portion 30 and the movable member 40. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that there may be no stop 20 in the braking portion, the axial position of the friction portion 30 may be defined in other ways, and the guide gap 50 is disposed between the friction portion 30 and the movable member 40, which can also achieve the effect of reducing or preventing dust from entering the encoder, stator or rotor of the motor, and improve the service life.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the friction portion 30 includes: the hub 33, the hub 33 is used for connecting with the rotating shaft; the first friction member 34 is disposed on a side of the hub 33 facing the movable member 40, and the guide gap 50 is disposed between the first friction member 34 and the movable member 40. The hub 33 facilitates the connection with the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft can be braked by the friction between the first friction member 34 and the movable member 40.

Further, the hub 33 has a mounting hole for mounting the rotating shaft, a positioning hole for penetrating the positioning member, and an annular groove disposed on an end surface of the hub 33; the first friction member 34 is of an annular structure, the first friction member 34 is arranged in the annular groove, and the first friction member 34 protrudes out of the end face of the hub 33. The positioning piece is arranged in the positioning hole in a penetrating mode, so that the rotating shaft and the hub 33 can be fixedly connected, and the friction portion 30 can be positioned in the axial direction. The engagement of the first friction member 34 with the annular groove may facilitate assembly of the first friction member 34. Also, when the first friction member 34 is worn more, it is better.

In the present embodiment, the clearance between the first friction member 34 and the movable member 40 may be set to 0.15mm-0.2mm when the friction portion 30 is in the braking state.

As shown in fig. 9, in the third embodiment of the present invention, the friction portion 30 includes: the hub 33, the hub 33 is used for connecting with the rotating shaft; the first friction member 34 is provided on the hub 33, the first friction member 34 is fixed in position in the circumferential direction of the hub 33, the first friction member 34 is movable in the axial direction of the hub 33, the first friction member 34 is movable to a position where it is free from the braking portion and a position where it is pressed against the braking portion, and the guide gap 50 is provided between the first friction member 34 and the braking portion. Unlike the above embodiment, the first friction member 34 is movable in the axial direction of the hub 33, and the first friction member 34 is movable to a position of avoiding the brake portion and a position of pressing the brake portion. Adopt this structure can reach the effect that reduces or avoid the dust to get into in encoder, stator or the rotor of motor equally, improve motor life.

In this embodiment, the friction portion 30 further includes a magnet 35 and a second elastic member 36, the magnet 35 is fixedly connected to the first friction member 34, and the second elastic member 36 is disposed between the first friction member 34 and the hub 33; the brake part comprises a seat body 10, a second friction piece 11 and a coil 60, wherein the coil 60 is arranged in the seat body 10, the second friction piece 11 is arranged on one side of the seat body 10 facing the first friction piece 34, and a guide gap 50 is arranged between the first friction piece 34 and the second friction piece 11; when the coil 60 is energized, the seat body 10 repels the magnet 35, so that the first friction piece 34 is spaced from the second friction piece 11; in case of de-energizing the coil 60, the second elastic member 36 can push the first friction member 34 to move towards the second friction member 11. The normal rotation of the rotating shaft and the braking of the rotating shaft can be realized through the cooperation of the coil 60, the second friction member 11, the first friction member 34 and the second elastic member 36.

When the coil 60 is energized, the magnetic field generated at the rear of the seat body 10 repels the magnet 35, the repulsive force acts on the first friction member 34 to compress the second elastic member 36, a certain gap is formed between the first friction member 34 and the seat body 10, the friction portion 30 can rotate freely, and the brake device does not brake at this time. When the coil 60 is powered off, because there is no electromagnetic force generated by the seat 10, the elastic force of the second elastic element 36 pushes the first friction element 34 towards the seat 10, and the magnet 35 can be set as a permanent magnet, so that the magnet 35 attracts the metal of the seat 10 to accelerate the movement of the first friction element 34, and when the first friction element 34 contacts with the second friction element 11 on the seat 10, friction occurs to stop the rotation of the rotating shaft.

In the present embodiment, the gap between the first friction member 34 and the hub 33 may be set to 0.05mm to 0.15mm in the case where the friction part 30 is in the braking state.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a motor including a braking device, the braking device being the braking device provided above. Specifically, the housing 10 of the brake device is connected to the housing of the motor, and the friction part 30 of the brake device is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor. By applying the technical scheme of the embodiment, a braking portion and a friction portion 30 are arranged in the braking device, wherein the friction portion 30 is used for being connected with the rotating shaft, when the friction portion 30 is separated from the braking portion, the friction portion 30 can rotate along with the rotating shaft, and when the friction portion 30 rubs with the braking portion, the rotating shaft can be braked. A guide gap 50 is provided between the friction part 30 and the braking part, and a size of a side of the guide gap 50 away from the rotation shaft is larger than a size of a side of the guide gap 50 close to the rotation shaft. Like this friction portion 30 is under the condition of brake state, and the opening of guide clearance 50 is towards the one side of keeping away from the pivot axis, and friction portion 30 and system portion take place the friction and produce the dust, and under centrifugal force and air current drive, the dust can get into guide clearance 50, and can not move towards the axis of pivot, consequently, can reduce or avoid the dust to get into in encoder, stator or the rotor of motor, avoids the dust to cause the harm to other parts, improves the life-span and the reliability of motor.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A brake apparatus, comprising:

a brake section;

a friction part (30), wherein the friction part (30) is connected with a rotating shaft, the friction part (30) has a free state separated from the braking part and a braking state generating friction with the braking part, when the friction part (30) is in the free state, the friction part (30) can rotate with the rotating shaft, and when the friction part (30) is in the braking state, the friction part (30) can brake the rotating shaft;

and a guide gap (50) provided between the friction part (30) and the braking part, wherein the size of one side of the guide gap (50) far away from the rotating shaft is larger than that of one side of the guide gap (50) close to the rotating shaft.

2. The brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that the brake portion comprises:

a base body (10);

the stop piece (20) is arranged at a distance from the seat body (10);

the movable piece (40) is movably arranged between the base body (10) and the friction portion (30), the movable piece (40) is provided with an avoiding position for avoiding the friction portion (30) and a braking position for abutting against the friction portion (30), and the guide gap (50) is arranged between the friction portion (30) and the stop piece (20) and/or between the friction portion (30) and the movable piece (40).

3. The braking device of claim 1, further comprising:

an accommodating groove provided in the guide gap (50).

4. A braking device according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide gap (50) comprises a first gap (51), the first gap (51) being provided between the friction portion (30) and the stop (20).

5. A braking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, with the movable element (40) in the braking position, the first gap (51) is of annular configuration, the first gap (51) being arranged around the friction area of the friction portion (30) and the stop (20).

6. A braking device according to claim 4, characterised in that the angle between the two side walls of the first gap (51) is A, 0.1 ° ≦ A ≦ 0.5 °.

7. A braking apparatus in accordance with claim 6, characterised in that A is 0.3 °.

8. A braking device according to claim 4, characterized in that the side of the friction portion (30) facing the stop (20) has a first ramp (31), which first ramp (31) is arranged obliquely with respect to the radial direction of the friction portion (30), the area between the first ramp (31) and the end face of the stop (20) forming the first gap (51).

9. A braking device according to claim 8, characterised in that the stop (20) has a first groove (21) on its end face, the first groove (21) opening towards the first gap (51).

10. A braking device according to claim 4, characterized in that the side of the stop (20) facing the friction portion (30) has a second slope which is arranged obliquely with respect to the radial direction of the friction portion (30), the area between the second slope and the end face of the friction portion (30) forming the first gap (51).

11. The braking device according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide gap (50) comprises a second gap (52), the second gap (52) being provided between the friction portion (30) and the movable member (40).

12. The braking device according to claim 11, characterized in that, with the movable element (40) in the braking position, the second gap (52) is of annular configuration, the second gap (52) being arranged around a friction area of the friction portion (30) and the movable element (40).

13. A braking device according to claim 11, characterised in that the angle between the two side walls of the second gap (52) is B, 0.1 ° ≦ B ≦ 0.5 °.

14. A braking apparatus in accordance with claim 13, characterised in that B is 0.1 °.

15. A braking device according to claim 11, characterized in that the side of the friction portion (30) facing the movable element (40) has a third inclined surface (32), the third inclined surface (32) being arranged inclined with respect to the radial direction of the friction portion (30), the area between the third inclined surface (32) and the end surface of the movable element (40) forming the second gap (52).

16. A braking device according to claim 15, characterized in that the movable member (40) has a second groove (41) on its end face, the second groove (41) opening towards the second gap (52).

17. A braking device according to claim 11, characterized in that the side of the movable element (40) facing the friction portion (30) has a fourth slope, which is arranged obliquely with respect to the radial direction of the friction portion (30), the area between the fourth slope and the end face of the friction portion (30) forming the second gap (52).

18. A braking device according to claim 2, characterized in that said seat (10) is a stator and said movable element (40) is a magnetic element, said braking device further comprising:

a coil (60) disposed within the housing (10);

the first elastic piece (70) is arranged in the base body (10), and one end of the first elastic piece (70) is abutted against the movable piece (40);

when the coil (60) is powered on, the base body (10) attracts the movable element (40) to move to the avoidance position, and when the coil (60) is powered off, the first elastic element (70) pushes the movable element (40) to move to the braking position.

19. The brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that the brake portion comprises:

a base body (10);

the movable piece (40) is movably arranged between the base body (10) and the friction portion (30), the movable piece (40) is provided with an avoiding position for avoiding the friction portion (30) and a braking position for abutting against the friction portion (30), and the guide gap (50) is arranged between the friction portion (30) and the movable piece (40).

20. The braking device according to claim 19, characterized in that said friction portion (30) comprises:

a hub (33), the hub (33) being adapted to be connected to the shaft;

a first friction element (34) arranged on the side of the hub (33) facing the movable element (40), the guide gap (50) being arranged between the first friction element (34) and the movable element (40).

21. The braking device of claim 20,

the hub (33) is provided with a mounting hole, a positioning hole and an annular groove, the mounting hole is used for mounting the rotating shaft, the positioning hole is communicated with the mounting hole, the positioning hole is used for penetrating a positioning piece, and the annular groove is arranged on the end face of the hub (33);

the first friction piece (34) is of an annular structure, the first friction piece (34) is arranged in the annular groove, and the first friction piece (34) protrudes out of the end face of the hub (33).

22. The braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the friction portion (30) comprises:

a hub (33), the hub (33) being adapted to be connected to the shaft;

the first friction piece (34) is arranged on the hub (33), the position of the first friction piece (34) in the circumferential direction of the hub (33) is fixed, the first friction piece (34) can move in the axial direction of the hub (33), the first friction piece (34) can move to a position of avoiding the braking portion and a position of pressing the braking portion, and the guide gap (50) is arranged between the first friction piece (34) and the braking portion.

23. The braking device of claim 22,

the friction part (30) further comprises a magnet (35) and a second elastic piece (36), the magnet (35) is fixedly connected with the first friction piece (34), and the second elastic piece (36) is arranged between the first friction piece (34) and the hub (33);

the brake part comprises a seat body (10), a second friction piece (11) and a coil (60), the coil (60) is arranged in the seat body (10), the second friction piece (11) is arranged on one side of the seat body (10) facing the first friction piece (34), and the guide gap (50) is arranged between the first friction piece (34) and the second friction piece (11);

when the coil (60) is electrified, the seat body (10) repels the magnet (35) so as to enable the first friction piece (34) to be spaced from the second friction piece (11); the second elastic member (36) can push the first friction member (34) to move towards the second friction member (11) under the condition that the coil (60) is powered off.

24. An electrical machine comprising a braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 23.