CN209908414U

CN209908414U - Quick impact-scraping combined rock breaking PDC drill bit

Info

Publication number: CN209908414U
Application number: CN201920742607.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘成亮; 倪政敏; 周宗发; 谢绍龙
Original assignee: Chengdu Deep Diamond Bit Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Deep Diamond Bit Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-05-22
Filing date: 2019-05-22
Publication date: 2020-01-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-22

Abstract

The utility model discloses a quick impact-scrape cut combined type broken rock PDC drill bit, including drill bit body (1) and joint (2), its characterized in that: the utility model discloses a drill bit, including drill bit body (1), the crown surface of drill bit body (1) evenly is provided with many blades along circumference, the blade is along radially being equipped with a plurality of cutting teeth (16), forms the chip groove between two adjacent blades, be equipped with a plurality of high pressure nozzle (15) in the chip groove, high pressure nozzle (15) are installed on the surface of drill bit body (1), and the lower extreme trompil forms the bypass runner to the inner wall of drill bit body (1), the inside of drill bit body (1) is equipped with automatic continuous percussion device, automatic continuous percussion device includes bearing group (3), turbine rotor (4), bearing (5), spring (6), impact head (7) and central awl tooth (9), the through-hole has all been opened with the inside of impact head (7) to turbine rotor (4), communicates with each other with the screw hole that connects (2) and forms the central runner.

Description

Quick impact-scraping combined rock breaking PDC drill bit

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of drilling bits, in particular to a rapid impact-scraping combined rock breaking PDC (polycrystalline Diamond compact) bit.

Background

Roller cone drill bits have been used in hard abrasive formations in place of drag bits in the early part of the last century, but the disadvantage of such bits in drilling shale and other plastic formations has been the bottom mud pocket caused by the hold-down effect, which is exacerbated by the increase in drilling depth and bottom hole pressure and mud weight. To address this problem, roller cone drill bits have been modified over the years by various bit manufacturers, but with little success,

meanwhile, considering that the drag bit or the fixed cutter bit is less affected in this respect, attempts have been made to combine the two bits. With the popularization and application of PDC bits and the improvement of PDC cutting tooth technology, the fixed cutting tooth PDC bit gradually replaces the roller bit in various stratums. But PDC bits cannot replace roller cone bits due to performance limitations in hard, abrasive formations and in complex directional drilling operations.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a rapid impact-scraping combined rock-breaking PDC drill bit which is suitable for being used in the process of petroleum, natural gas and geological exploration.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the drill bit comprises a joint and a drill bit body connected with the joint, wherein a plurality of blades are arranged on the outer surface of the crown part of the drill bit body, a chip groove is formed between every two adjacent blades, a nozzle arranged on the drill bit body is arranged in the chip groove, and cutting teeth are arranged on the blades; there is the centre runner drill bit body inside, is provided with continuous automatic percussion device in the centre runner, and this automatic percussion device includes: the turbine rotor is embedded in an inner ring of the rolling bearing group, the center of the turbine rotor is a through hole, a plurality of blades are arranged at the bottom end of the turbine rotor, the turbine rotor is driven by drilling fluid, the turbine rotor can rotate around the central axis of a drill bit, a powerful spring and a limiting ring are installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the impact head, the sliding bearing is installed at the center of a drill bit body, the impact head is installed in the sliding bearing and can move up and down along the central axis of the drill bit, the spring is located between the limiting ring and the end surface of the sliding bearing, a central jet flow channel and a concave cylindrical groove are formed in the bottom end of the impact head, conical cutting teeth are arranged in the groove, the central jet flow channel is communicated with the central flow channel, and a flow channel opening radiates from the center of the drill bit along.

The upper end of the turbine rotor is provided with two symmetrical convex buckles on the inner cylindrical surface of a cylinder at the upper end of the turbine rotor, the top end of the turbine rotor is nested at the upper end of the impact head, the outer cylindrical surface at the bottom end of the impact head is provided with two spiral convex buckles which are rotationally symmetrical with the central axis of a drill bit, the convex buckles at the bottom end of the rotor can be intermittently meshed with and released from the spiral convex buckles on the outer cylindrical surface of the impact head in the rotating process of the rotor, the turbine rotor drives the impact head to reciprocate along the axial direction of the drill bit, and the central conical teeth arranged at the end part of.

Furthermore, the automatic continuous impact device further comprises a butterfly spring, the vegetarian book butterfly spring is nested on the outer cylindrical surface of the bottom end of the impact head, and the butterfly spring is located between the limiting ring and the drill bit body and used for buffering.

Furthermore, the blades can be divided into long blades and short blades according to the length, and the front tool face of each long blade is arranged at the center of the drill.

Furthermore, the central injection flow channel is provided with a plurality of flow channels, the number of the flow channels is consistent with that of the long blades of the drill, and the direction of the flow channel opening points to the front cutter face of the corresponding long blade.

Further, the central axes of the bearing group, the turbine rotor, the bearing, the convex buckle and the spiral convex buckle are all coincided with the central axis of the drill bit body.

Further, the bearing set is a rolling bearing set, and the bearing is a sliding bearing.

Further, the convex buckles and the spiral convex buckles are both provided with a plurality of convex buckles and are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the drill bit body.

Further, the cutting tooth is brazed on the blade.

Further, the central cone tooth is brazed in the groove.

Furthermore, the limiting ring is connected with the impact head through threads.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the rock breaking mode of the PDC drill bit is changed by adopting an impact-scraping combined type rock breaking mode, the scraping rock stratum of the traditional drill bit is changed into the combined rock breaking mode of the high-speed impact rock stratum of the central bevel gear and the scraping rock stratum of the fixed cutting gear on the blade, the problem that the mechanical drilling speed of the drill bit is low due to the fact that the linear speed is low when the fixed cutting gear at the central part rotates around the central axis of the drill bit is solved, the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit and the stability of the tool face of the drill bit are improved, and the rock breaking efficiency of the core part of the drill bit is guaranteed;

(2) through this internal central high pressure nozzle that sets up of PDC drill bit, improved the hydraulic structure of drill bit, the high-speed efflux of central high pressure nozzle has effectively reduced the mud bag tendency of drill bit for the cutting teeth that is close to drill bit central point portion obtains better washing and cooling, has accelerated the migration of interior cone detritus of drill bit to the chip groove, reduces the repeated cutting of core detritus.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an assembled exploded view of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view, a cross-sectional view and a partial enlarged view of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view, a sectional view, and a top view of a turbine rotor of one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a top view of one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a front view of an impact head according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1-bit body, 2-joint, 3-bearing group, 4-turbine rotor, 5-bearing, 6-spring, 7-impact head, 8-belleville spring, 9-central cone tooth, 10-convex buckle, 11-rotor blade, 12-spiral convex buckle, 13-central jet flow passage, 14-groove, 15-high pressure nozzle, 16-cutting tooth and 17-limit ring.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.

As shown in fig. 1 ~ 5, a rapid impact-scraping combined rock-breaking PDC drill bit includes a drill bit body 1 and a joint 2, a plurality of blades are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the crown portion of the drill bit body 1 along the circumferential direction, the blades are provided with a plurality of cutting teeth 16 along the radial direction, a chip groove is formed between two adjacent blades, a plurality of high-pressure nozzles 15 are arranged in the chip groove, the high-pressure nozzles 15 are mounted on the surface of the drill bit body 1, the lower end of the high-pressure nozzles are perforated to the inner wall of the drill bit body 1 to form a bypass flow channel, an automatic continuous impact device is arranged inside the drill bit body 1, the automatic continuous impact device includes a bearing set 3, a turbine rotor 4, a bearing 5, a spring 6, an impact head 7 and a central cone 9, through holes are formed inside the turbine rotor 4 and the impact head 7, a central flow channel is formed by communicating with a threaded hole of the joint 2, an inner ring of the bearing set 3 is connected with the turbine rotor 4, the bottom end of the turbine rotor 4 is provided with a plurality of rotor blades 11, a plurality of inner ring is provided with a plurality of rotor blades 10 on the top end, the bearing 5 is provided on the upper end of the turbine rotor 4, the inner ring is provided with an impact head 7, a spiral ring 12, a spiral ring is provided with a central ring screw ring which is provided on the central ring which is provided with a limiting ring which is provided, a limiting ring which is provided with a limiting ring which is provided on the central ring 13, a spiral ring which is provided, a spiral groove 13.

Further, the automatic continuous impact device further comprises a belleville spring 8, and the belleville spring 8 is nested on the outer cylindrical surface of the bottom end of the impact head 7 and is located between the limiting ring 17 and the drill bit body 1.

Furthermore, there are a plurality of central injection flow channels 13, the number of the central injection flow channels is consistent with the number of the long blades of the drill, and the direction of the flow channel opening points to the rake face of the corresponding long blade.

Further, the central axes of the bearing group 3, the turbine rotor 4, the bearing 5, the convex buckle 10 and the spiral convex buckle 12 are all coincident with the central axis of the drill bit body 1.

Further, the bearing set 3 is a rolling bearing set, and the bearing 5 is a sliding bearing.

Further, the buttons 10 and the spiral buttons 12 each include a plurality of buttons symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the bit body 1.

Further, the cutting teeth 16 are brazed to the blade.

Further, the central cone 9 is brazed in the groove 14.

Further, the limiting ring 17 is connected with the impact head 7 through threads.

The implementation process of the invention is as follows:

the rock breaking process comprises the following steps: the turbine rotor 4 is driven by drilling fluid and can rotate around the central axis of a drill bit, in the rotating process of the turbine rotor 4, a convex buckle 10 of the turbine rotor 4 is meshed with a spiral convex buckle 12 of an impact head to drive the impact head 7 to move upwards along the central axis of the drill bit and compress a spring 6, the convex buckle 10 is disconnected from the spiral convex buckle 12 and meshed with the spiral convex buckle along with the further rotation of the turbine rotor 4, the impact head 7 drives a central conical tooth 9 to impact a rock stratum downwards under the action of the spring 6, the turbine rotor 5 continuously rotates to realize periodic impact rock breaking, and meanwhile, a fixed blade arranged at the crown part of the drill bit periodically scrapes and cuts the rock stratum along with the impact head to realize impact-scraping type composite rock breaking.

And (3) cleaning: the drilling fluid firstly passes through the threaded hole of the joint 2 and is shunted at the rotor blade 11 at the bottom of the turbine rotor 4, part of the drilling fluid passes through the rotor blade 11 and flows out from the high-pressure nozzle 15 arranged between the chip grooves through the through hole on the inner wall of the drill bit body 1, thereby cleaning the blades near the high-pressure nozzle 15, and the other part enters the interior along the through hole of the turbine rotor 4, since the percussion device internal flow channels of the drill bit body 1 are communicated and form a central flow channel, the part of the drilling fluid then flows through the internal through holes of the percussion head 7 and flows out through the central jet flow channel 13 arranged at the end of the percussion head 7, and the direction of the central jet flow passage 13 points to the rake face of the long blade at the corresponding drill core position, therefore, the drilling fluid can directly clean the cutting teeth of the blades at the position of the cooling core part, and the central jet flow channel 13 arranged on the impact head can effectively enhance the cleaning and cooling of the cutting teeth 16 at the core part of the drill bit; the two cleaning modes are combined, so that the efficiency of the migration of the rock debris at the bottom of the well from the center of the drill bit to the wall of the well can be greatly improved, and the drill bit is prevented from being covered with mud.

The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a quick impact-scrape cut combined type broken rock PDC drill bit, includes drill bit body (1) and joint (2), its characterized in that: the outer surface of the crown part of the drill bit body (1) is uniformly provided with a plurality of blades along the circumferential direction, the blades are radially provided with a plurality of cutting teeth (16), a chip groove is formed between two adjacent blades, a plurality of high-pressure nozzles (15) are arranged in the chip groove, the high-pressure nozzles (15) are arranged on the surface of the drill bit body (1), the lower end of each blade is opened to the inner wall of the drill bit body (1) to form a bypass flow channel, an automatic continuous impact device is arranged in the drill bit body (1) and comprises a bearing group (3), a turbine rotor (4), a bearing (5), a spring (6), an impact head (7) and a central conical tooth (9), through holes are formed in the turbine rotor (4) and the impact head (7) and communicated with a threaded hole of a joint (2) to form a central flow channel, an inner ring of the bearing group (3) is connected with the turbine rotor (4), the turbine rotor structure comprises a turbine rotor (4), a plurality of rotor blades (11) are arranged at the bottom end of the turbine rotor (4), a convex buckle (10) is arranged on the inner cylindrical surface of the top end of the turbine rotor, a bearing (5) is arranged at the upper end of the turbine rotor (4), an impact head (7) is arranged on the inner side of the turbine rotor, the impact head (7) moves up and down in the bearing (5) along the central axis, a spiral convex buckle (12) is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the bottom end of the turbine rotor, the convex buckle (10) is intermittently meshed and released with the spiral convex buckle (12) in the rotating process, a spring (6) and a limiting ring (17) are fixed on the outer cylindrical surface of the impact head (7), a central injection flow channel (13) and a groove (14) are arranged at the bottom end of the turbine rotor, the flow channel opening radiates from the center of a drill along the radial direction to a corresponding blade wing, the, the central bevel gear (9) is arranged in the groove (14).

2. The rapid impact-scraping combined rock-breaking PDC drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the automatic continuous impact device further comprises a belleville spring (8), wherein the belleville spring (8) is nested on the outer cylindrical surface of the bottom end of the impact head (7) and is located between the limiting ring (17) and the drill bit body (1).

3. The rapid impact-scraping combined rock-breaking PDC drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the blade can be divided into a long blade and a short blade according to the length, and the front tool face of the long blade is arranged at the core position of the drill bit.

4. The rapid impact-scraping combined rock-breaking PDC drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the number of the central injection flow channels (13) is consistent with that of the long blades of the drill, and the direction of the flow channel opening points to the front cutter face of the corresponding long blade.

5. The rapid impact-scraping combined rock-breaking PDC drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the central axes of the bearing group (3), the turbine rotor (4), the bearing (5), the convex buckle (10) and the spiral convex buckle (12) are coincided with the central axis of the drill bit body (1).

6. The rapid impact-scraping combined rock-breaking PDC drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the bearing set (3) is a rolling bearing set, and the bearing (5) is a sliding bearing.

7. The rapid impact-scraping combined rock-breaking PDC drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the convex buckles (10) and the spiral convex buckles (12) are both composed of a plurality of convex buckles and are symmetrically distributed around the central axis of the drill bit body (1).

8. The rapid impact-scraping combined rock-breaking PDC drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the cutting teeth (16) are brazed to the blade.

9. The rapid impact-scraping combined rock-breaking PDC drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the central conical tooth (9) is brazed in the groove (14).

10. The rapid impact-scraping combined rock-breaking PDC drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the limiting ring (17) is connected with the impact head (7) through threads.