CN209882193U - Pulsed arc plasma generator, burner and combustion apparatus - Google Patents
Pulsed arc plasma generator, burner and combustion apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN209882193U CN209882193U CN201920068673.9U CN201920068673U CN209882193U CN 209882193 U CN209882193 U CN 209882193U CN 201920068673 U CN201920068673 U CN 201920068673U CN 209882193 U CN209882193 U CN 209882193U
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure provides a pulsed arc plasma generator, a burner and a combustion apparatus. The pulsed arc plasma generator comprises: a generator anode comprising a generator jet; a generator cathode disposed at an end of the generator anode opposite the generator nozzle; and the generator pulse control power supply is respectively electrically connected with the generator anode and the generator cathode to form a plasma generating circuit, and forms a pulse current in the plasma generating circuit so as to control the generated gas entering the pulse arc plasma generator to form the pulse ignition source. The pulsed arc plasma generator of the present disclosure generates a pulsed plasma stream, and parameters such as the pulse period and the pulse amplitude of the pulsed plasma stream can be conveniently adjusted by adjusting parameters of the generator pulse control power supply.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of combustion equipment, in particular to a pulsating arc plasma generator, a combustor and combustion equipment.
Background
In the burner using plasma ignition known to the inventor, by using the relatively stable plasma generated by the plasma generator as an ignition source, frequent deflagration and combustion deterioration phenomena in the combustion chamber are not expected after the plasma ignites the fuel, and the flow field in the combustion chamber is relatively stable. The burner arrangement with plasma ignition achieves the effect that the burner does not coke, for example by aligning the coal powder with the direction of the electric arc. The inventors have discovered in the course of practicing the present disclosure that the above burner ignition capability with plasma ignition is limited and still prone to internal coking when the local design ignition power is large.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the present disclosure is to provide a pulsed arc plasma generator, a burner and a combustion apparatus.
The present disclosure provides, in a first aspect, a pulsed arc plasma generator comprising:
a generator anode comprising a generator jet;
a generator cathode disposed at an end of the generator anode opposite the generator nozzle; and
and the generator pulsation control power supply is respectively electrically connected with the generator anode and the generator cathode to form a plasma generating circuit, and forms a pulsating current in the plasma generating circuit so as to control the generated gas entering the pulsating arc plasma generator to form a pulsating plasma flow.
In some embodiments, the pulsed arc plasma generator further comprises a generator support, the generator anode is disposed at one end of the generator support, the generator cathode is disposed at an interval inside the generator support, and the generating gas is introduced into the pulsed arc plasma generator from an interval between the generator cathode and the generator support.
In some embodiments, the generator ripple control power supply controls the current amplitude and/or frequency of the ripple current.
In some embodiments, the pulsed arc plasma generator further comprises a controller in signal connection with the generator ripple control power supply to control its generation of the ripple current.
In some embodiments, the pulsed arc plasma generator further comprises a memory in signal connection with the controller, the controller controlling the generator pulsed control power supply in accordance with control information stored in the memory.
In some embodiments, the pulsed arc plasma generator further comprises a sensor for detecting a combustion state of the burner, and the controller is in signal connection with the sensor and controls the generator pulse control power supply according to a detection signal of the sensor.
A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a burner comprising the pulsed arc plasma generator of any one of the first aspects of the present disclosure, wherein the pulsed plasma stream is a pulsed ignition source of the burner.
A third aspect of the present disclosure provides a combustion apparatus comprising the burner of the second aspect of the present disclosure.
In some embodiments, the combustion device is a boiler.
The pulsed arc plasma generator provided based on the present disclosure can generate pulsed plasma flow, and parameters such as pulse period and pulse amplitude of the generated pulsed plasma flow can be conveniently adjusted by adjusting parameters of a generator pulse control power supply.
The burner using the pulsating plasma flow generated by the pulsating arc plasma generator as a pulsating ignition source and the combustion equipment with the burner have the advantages that the local fuel combustion state changes alternately between the combustion deterioration and the combustion violent enhancement near the ignition end, and the pulsating combustion is formed in the burner, so that the effects of full mixing, efficient heat exchange and efficient combustion of the fuel in the burner along with the pulsation change are achieved. Due to the characteristics of the pulse combustion, the self-purging in the combustor can be realized, so that the coking in the combustor can be effectively prevented.
Other features of the present disclosure and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic partial structural view of a combustor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulsed arc plasma generator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are used only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and if not otherwise stated, the terms have no special meaning, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure.
In the description of the present disclosure, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are presented only for the convenience of describing and simplifying the disclosure, and in the absence of a contrary indication, these directional terms are not intended to indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be taken as limiting the scope of the disclosure; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Fig. 1 is a schematic partial structural view of a combustor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulsed arc plasma generator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the disclosed embodiment provides a burner comprising a pulsating combustion chamber 3 and a pulsating gas ignition device. The pulsating combustion chamber 3 includes a receiving portion that receives fuel and combustion-supporting gas and an output portion that outputs the pulsating flame 5. The pulsating gas ignition device comprises a firing end for generating a pulsating ignition source 4, which firing end is located upstream or inside the pulsating combustion chamber 3, the pulsating ignition source 4 being used for igniting fuel to form the aforementioned pulsating flame 5.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a combustor with a new ignition mode, because a pulse ignition source 4 is used for igniting fuel, the combustion state of local fuel is alternately changed between combustion deterioration and combustion violent enhancement near the ignition end of a pulse gas ignition device in a pulse combustion chamber 3, and pulse combustion is formed in the pulse combustion chamber 3, so that the effects of full mixing, efficient heat exchange and efficient combustion of the fuel in the combustion chamber along with the pulse change are achieved. Due to the characteristics of the pulse combustion, the self-purging in the combustor can be realized, and the coking in the combustor chamber can be effectively prevented.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the burner 3 has a cylindrical shape, and a receiving portion for receiving fuel and combustion-supporting gas and an output portion for outputting the pulsating flame 5 are respectively provided at both ends in the axial direction of the burner 3. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the receiving portion receives a combustible mixture 6 of fuel and combustion-supporting gas, and the combustible mixture 6 is, for example, an air-powder mixture (primary air) formed by mixing pulverized coal and air, an air-oil mixture formed by mixing fuel oil and air, or a combustible gas formed by mixing fuel gas and air, etc.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the burner further comprises a secondary combustion chamber 1, a pulsating combustion chamber 3 is disposed within the secondary combustion chamber 1, an output of the pulsating combustion chamber 3 outputs a pulsating flame 5 to the secondary combustion chamber 1, and the pulsating flame 5 is used to ignite fuel within the secondary combustion chamber 1. In embodiments not shown, the combustor of the present disclosure may also include three and more stages of combustion chambers to achieve more fuel or more complete combustion.
As shown in fig. 2, in the disclosed embodiment, the pulsed gas ignition device comprises a pulsed arc plasma generator 2.
The pulse arc plasma generator technology is combined with the combustor technology, the pulse arc plasma generator is used as a pulse gas ignition device, the pulse plasma generated by the pulse arc plasma generator is used as a pulse ignition source 4, the plasma with pulse change can enable the local fuel combustion state of the subsequent fuel at the generator nozzle 25 (ignition end) of the pulse arc plasma generator 2 to be changed alternately between combustion deterioration and combustion intense enhancement, pulse combustion is formed in the pulse combustion chamber 3, the fuel in the pulse combustion chamber 3 is fully mixed along with the pulse change, efficient heat exchange is achieved, and efficient combustion is achieved. Due to the characteristics of the pulse combustion, the self-purging in the combustor is realized, and the coking in the combustor chamber can be effectively prevented.
In some embodiments, the plasma ignition power at the peak of the pulsation can be properly increased, so that stronger ignition capability is obtained, and meanwhile, the self-purging effect generated by the pulsation change is not easy to generate coking inside the combustor.
In the burner of the embodiment of the disclosure, the pulsating arc plasma generator 2 generates pulsating gas to form a pulsating ignition source 4, ignites a combustible mixture 6, forms a pulsating flame 5 in the pulsating combustion chamber 3, and ignites other fuels in the secondary combustion chamber 1. The pulsating ignition source 4 output by the pulsating arc plasma generator 2 can make the combustion state of the fuel in the pulsating combustion chamber 3 worsen or even not catch fire when the pulsation wave is at the valley, and can have enough capability to ignite the fuel such as coal dust in the pulsating combustion chamber 3 when the wave is at the peak, so as to form a deflagration state, a periodic deflagration state, the combustion worsens, the deflagration state again, and the deterioration again, so that the flow field in the pulsating combustion chamber 3 is in a violent pulsation state, thereby obtaining good flame propagation and a high-efficiency local heat exchange relation, enabling the combustion in the pulsating combustion chamber 3 to obtain high-efficiency combustion, outputting the pulsating flame 5 at the output part, and improving the combustion efficiency of the whole combustor.
The combustion effect of the fuel in the combustor can be changed by changing the pulsation amplitude and the pulsation period of the pulsation arc plasma generator 2, and the combustion control device can also be used as an internal combustion control means of the combustor and is used for expanding the adaptation range of the combustor to different working conditions and different fuels.
As shown in fig. 2, the pulsed arc plasma generator 2 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure mainly includes a generator anode 21, a generator cathode 22, and a generator pulse control power supply 27, the ignition end includes a generator nozzle 25 disposed at an end of the generator anode 21 away from the generator cathode 22, the generator pulse control power supply 27 is electrically connected to the generator anode 21 and the generator cathode 22 respectively to form a plasma generation circuit, and forms a pulse current in the plasma generation circuit, so as to control the generated gas 3 entering the pulsed arc plasma generator 2 to form a pulsed plasma current as the pulsed ignition source 4.
The pulsed arc plasma generator 2 provided based on the embodiment of the present disclosure can generate a pulsed plasma flow, and parameters such as the pulse period and the pulse amplitude of the pulsed plasma flow generated by the pulsed arc plasma generator can be conveniently adjusted by adjusting the parameters of the generator pulse control power supply 27.
As shown in fig. 2, the generator ripple control power supply 27 is connected to the generator anode 21 and the generator cathode 22 through the cable 6, respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, the pulsed arc plasma generator 2 further includes a generator holder 24, the generator anode 21 is disposed at one end of the generator holder 24, the generator cathode 22 is disposed at an interval inside the generator holder 24, and the generated gas 3 is introduced into the pulsed arc plasma generator 2 from the interval between the generator cathode 22 and the generator holder 24.
The generator ripple control power supply 27 controls the current amplitude and/or frequency of the ripple current.
The pulse current is controlled by the generator pulse control power supply 27, for example, the current amplitude and/or frequency of the pulse current can be adjusted, the pulse amplitude and pulse period of the pulse ignition source 4 can be adjusted, so that the generated gas 3 in the plasma generator can obtain controllable pulse input heat, the generator nozzle 5 can form plasma with pulsating temperature and speed as the pulse ignition source 4 of the fuel, and a pulse source of pulse combustion is also formed.
In some embodiments, the pulsed arc plasma generator 2 further comprises a controller in signal connection with the generator ripple control power supply 27 to control its generation of the ripple current. The automatic control of the pulsating current can be realized by the controller.
In some embodiments, the Controller may be a general purpose Processor, a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable Logic device, discrete Gate or transistor Logic, discrete hardware components, or any suitable combination thereof for performing the functions described in this disclosure.
In some embodiments, the pulsed arc plasma generator 2 further comprises a memory in signal communication with the controller, which controls the generator pulse control power supply 27 in accordance with control information stored in the memory.
The controller may control the generator ripple control power supply 27 by hardware, or by hardware associated with program instructions, in which case the program may constitute control information stored in memory. The memory may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
In some embodiments, the pulsed arc plasma generator 2 further comprises a sensor for detecting the combustion state of the burner, and the controller is in signal connection with the sensor and controls the generator pulse control power supply 27 according to the detection signal of the sensor. The sensor may be, for example, a temperature sensor, a flame sensor, or the like, which is capable of obtaining a representation of the combustion state of the combustor.
In some embodiments, the controller may control the generator ripple control power supply 27 based on the control information stored in the memory and the detection signal of the sensor.
The embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a combustion apparatus including the burner of the foregoing embodiment. The combustion device is for example a utility boiler. The combustion apparatus of the disclosed embodiment has corresponding advantages with the burner of the disclosed embodiment.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure and not to limit them; although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the disclosure or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may still be made; all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of this disclosure without departing from the spirit thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A pulsed arc plasma generator (2), comprising:
a generator anode (21) comprising a generator nozzle (25);
a generator cathode (22) disposed at an end of the generator anode (21) opposite the generator orifice (25); and
and the generator pulsation control power supply (27) is respectively and electrically connected with the generator anode (21) and the generator cathode (22) to form a plasma generating circuit, and forms a pulsation current in the plasma generating circuit so as to control the generation gas (3) entering the pulsation arc plasma generator (2) to form a pulsating plasma flow.
2. A pulsed arc plasma generator (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulsed arc plasma generator (2) further comprises a generator support (24), the generator anode (21) is arranged at one end of the generator support (24), the generator cathode (22) is arranged at intervals inside the generator support (24), and the generated gas (3) is introduced into the pulsed arc plasma generator (2) from the interval between the generator cathode (22) and the generator support (24).
3. A pulsed arc plasma generator (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the generator ripple control power supply (27) controls the current amplitude and/or frequency of the ripple current.
4. A pulsed arc plasma generator (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulsed arc plasma generator (2) further comprises a controller in signal connection with the generator pulsed control power supply (27) to control its generation of the pulsed current.
5. A pulsed arc plasma generator (2) according to claim 4, characterized in that the pulsed arc plasma generator (2) further comprises a memory in signal connection with the controller, the controller controlling the generator pulse control power supply (27) according to control information stored in the memory.
6. A pulsed arc plasma generator (2) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the pulsed arc plasma generator (2) further comprises a sensor for detecting the combustion state of the burner, the controller being in signal connection with the sensor and controlling the generator pulse control power supply (27) in dependence on the detection signal of the sensor.
7. A burner, characterized by comprising a pulsed arc plasma generator (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the pulsed plasma flow being a pulsed ignition source (4) of the burner.
8. A combustion apparatus, characterized by comprising the burner of claim 7.
9. The combustion apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the combustion apparatus is a boiler.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920068673.9U CN209882193U (en) | 2019-01-16 | 2019-01-16 | Pulsed arc plasma generator, burner and combustion apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920068673.9U CN209882193U (en) | 2019-01-16 | 2019-01-16 | Pulsed arc plasma generator, burner and combustion apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209882193U true CN209882193U (en) | 2019-12-31 |
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| CN201920068673.9U Active CN209882193U (en) | 2019-01-16 | 2019-01-16 | Pulsed arc plasma generator, burner and combustion apparatus |
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