CN209872695U - Integrated microbial desalination cell-artificial wetland device - Google Patents
Integrated microbial desalination cell-artificial wetland device Download PDFInfo
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- CN209872695U CN209872695U CN201920523986.9U CN201920523986U CN209872695U CN 209872695 U CN209872695 U CN 209872695U CN 201920523986 U CN201920523986 U CN 201920523986U CN 209872695 U CN209872695 U CN 209872695U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an integrated microbial desalination cell-constructed wetland device sets up microbial desalination cell electrode material in the middle of upper and lower floor's matrix material and in the intersection, and all sets up ion exchange membrane between 2 adjacent electrodes. Salt-tolerant emergent aquatic plants are planted on the upper artificial wetland substrate, and the roots of the emergent aquatic plants are planted close to the electrodes of the topmost artificial wetland substrate. In the anaerobic environment of the lower substrate anode of the salt-containing wastewater, organic matters in the wastewater are decomposed under the action of microorganisms to release electrons, and the electrons are transferred to the cathode through an external circuit to generate current; because of the potential difference between the anode and the cathode, salt ions can spontaneously move to the anode/cathode through the ion exchange membrane, and the desalination is realized. Organic pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the wastewater are removed under the synergistic action of wetland substrates, aquatic plants and microorganisms along with the movement of water flow. The utility model discloses can effectively purify different eutrophication degree and contain little algae water, be a with low costs energy consumption low and can cyclic utilization's environmental protection technology.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to water purification, in particular to an integrated microbial desalination cell-artificial wetland device for eutrophic near-shore seawater.
Background
With the economic development, water resource shortage and water environment pollution become hot spots. Due to the direct discharge of domestic sewage on land and islands and the development of aquaculture industry, nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like flow into the offshore area of sea-land cross-connecting zones, so that the offshore area has great influence on coastal wetlands, mangroves, coral reefs and the like, and meanwhile, the eutrophication of offshore water bodies also poses serious threat to offshore water environments.
Eutrophication of water body destroys water ecological balance and has great threat to human health (for example, nitrous acid and its compounds have carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic properties). The most direct and effective method for treating the offshore eutrophic water body is a physical and chemical method, but the cost is high, secondary pollution is easy to cause, the bioremediation method is safe and sustainable, and the defects of unstable microbial domestication effect, single decontamination object, poor survival capability of flora in high-salinity seawater and the like exist.
The Constructed Wetland (CW) realizes the synchronous purification of various pollutants by utilizing the triple synergistic effect of physics, chemistry and biology in a natural ecological system, and is widely applied to the process treatment of domestic sewage, farming wastewater and aquaculture water. CW is easily influenced by natural environment (temperature, illumination and the like), inflow water quality (whether pretreatment is carried out or not, pollutant concentration), plant species (plant salt tolerance, root system absorption, oxygen transmission and the like) and hydrodynamic conditions, and the CW decontamination microorganism has poor salt tolerance, so that the effect of treating the near-shore eutrophic water body is difficult to improve.
Microbial desalination cells (MDCs for short) are devices that use microorganisms to degrade organic substances to promote chemical energy to be converted into electrical energy. Has the advantages of wide raw materials, simple structure, high energy utilization rate and no pollution. The MDC is utilized to treat the eutrophic water body near the bank containing the microalgae, so that the electricity generation efficiency (high conductivity and low internal resistance of the water body) can be improved, and the purification effect (oxygen is generated by the photosynthesis of the algae, the dissolved oxygen is improved, and the activity of microorganisms is promoted) can be improved.
Based on this, aiming at the current situation of near-shore eutrophication seawater pollution, the ecological integrated microbial desalination cell-artificial wetland technical method which synchronously resists salt, generates electricity and purifies pollutants is optimally designed and is very worthy of exploration.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses the main technical problem who solves provides a but simple structure, automatic cycle operation, produces the device of electric energy when purifying multiple pollutant. The integrated microbial desalination cell-artificial wetland technical method has the advantages of salt tolerance, strong applicability, good removal effect and stable effluent quality. The specific scheme is as follows:
an integrated microbial desalination cell-constructed wetland apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
a plurality of layers of artificial wetland substrates distributed in the vertical direction;
the microbial desalting cell electrodes are arranged in the middle and the intersection of the upper and lower layers of matrix materials and are connected in pairs through external circuits;
the ion exchange membrane is horizontally arranged between the battery electrodes in the two adjacent layers of artificial wetland substrates;
emergent aquatic plants are planted on the topmost artificial wetland substrate, and the roots of the emergent aquatic plants are planted close to the battery electrodes in the topmost artificial wetland substrate;
the water inlet is connected with one side of the bottom layer artificial wetland matrix and is used for conveying the eutrophic seawater to be treated to the bottom layer artificial wetland matrix;
and the water outlet is connected with the other side of the topmost artificial wetland substrate and is used for discharging the desalted seawater.
Further, the electrode of the microbial desalination cell is a graphite felt.
Furthermore, two layers of ion exchange membranes are arranged between electrodes in the two adjacent layers of artificial wetland matrixes, namely a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane are arranged from top to bottom, and a space is reserved between the adjacent ion exchange membranes.
Furthermore, the water inlet is connected with the water tank through a peristaltic pump.
Further, the eutrophic seawater to be treated by the integrated microbial desalination cell-artificial wetland device covers at least 2cm of the surface layer of the topmost artificial wetland substrate.
Furthermore, the emergent aquatic plant is selected from any one or more of salt-tolerant canna, calamus, cattail, reed, loosestrife, iris, rush, salicornia and allium fistulosum.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, have following advantage and effect:
(1) the near-shore saline water body improves the operating efficiency of the microbial desalination cell, reduces the internal resistance and improves the power generation capacity. The internal and external circuit circulation can effectively dissociate the anions/cations adsorbed on the ion exchange membrane, thereby realizing the long-term recycling of the exchange membrane.
(2) Algae in the near-shore eutrophic water body can be subjected to photosynthesis, the dissolved oxygen in the inlet water is improved, the conversion of organic matters and nitrogen is effectively degraded, and the harmlessness of pollutants is realized.
(3) The microbial desalination cell generates electricity and stimulates the growth of microorganisms, so that the mutual assimilation and adaptation between the microorganisms and the salt-tolerant electrogenesis microorganisms in the artificial wetland are improved, the synchronous decontamination electrogenesis capability of the high-applicability key microorganisms is ensured, the microbial community structure is optimized, the electrogenesis capability is enhanced, the electron transfer is accelerated, and the oxidation-reduction degradation effect of each pollutant is improved.
(4) Combines the emerging microbial desalination cell technology with the artificial wetland technology, and expands the application of the electrochemical restoration technology in the water treatment field.
(5) The process is simple to operate, has good treatment effect and wide application prospect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an integrated microbial desalination cell-artificial wetland device for eutrophic near-shore seawater provided by the utility model.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.
In order to thoroughly understand the present invention, detailed steps and detailed structures will be provided in the following description so as to explain the technical solution of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, however, other embodiments of the present invention are possible in addition to these detailed descriptions.
An integrated microbial desalination cell-constructed wetland apparatus for eutrophicated near-shore seawater, the apparatus comprising:
a plurality of layers of artificial wetland substrates distributed in the vertical direction;
the microbial desalting cell electrodes 8 are distributed in the middle and the intersection of the substrates of the upper and lower layers of artificial wetlands, and the microbial desalting cell electrodes 8 are connected in pairs through the external circuits 4;
the ion exchange membrane is horizontally arranged between the microbial desalination cell electrodes 8 in the two adjacent layers of artificial wetland substrates;
emergent aquatic plants 1 are planted on the topmost artificial wetland substrate 10, and the roots of the emergent aquatic plants are planted as close to the electrodes 8 of the microbial desalination cells as possible;
the water inlet 5 is connected with one side of the bottom layer artificial wetland substrate 30 and is used for conveying eutrophic seawater to be treated to the bottom layer artificial wetland substrate 10, microorganisms are enriched in saline wastewater in the anode anaerobic environment of the bottom layer substrate, organic matters in the wastewater are decomposed under the action of the microorganisms to release electrons, and the electrons are transferred to the cathode through an external circuit to generate current; because of the potential difference between the anode and the cathode, salt ions can spontaneously move to the anode/cathode through the ion exchange membrane, and the desalination is realized;
and the water outlet 3 is connected with the other side of the topmost artificial wetland substrate and is used for discharging the desalted seawater.
As shown in fig. 1, in an alternative embodiment, two layers of artificial wetland substrates, namely a topmost artificial wetland substrate 10 and a bottommost artificial wetland substrate 20, are arranged. The two layers of artificial wetland substrates are composed of different sizes of particle sizes, the particle size of the upper layer of artificial wetland substrate 10 is large, and the particle size of the lower layer of artificial wetland substrate 20 is small. Optionally, the thickness of each layer of artificial wetland matrix laid is 0.5m, meanwhile, a sub-matrix layer 30 made of particles is laid below the bottommost layer of the artificial wetland matrix, the particle size of the sub-matrix layer 30 is larger than that of the bottommost layer of artificial wetland matrix (which may be the same as that of the topmost layer of artificial wetland matrix 10), and the thickness is 0.1m, so as to prevent blockage. Wherein, the water inlet 5 is arranged at the lower part, is parallel to the laying position of large grain diameter at the lower part, is 0.1m away from the bottom, and the water outlet 3 is arranged at the upper part and is slightly higher than the surface layer of the artificial wetland substrate.
The artificial wetland substrate can adopt any one of conventional wetland substrates such as quartz sand, zeolite, kaolin and the like.
The external circuit 4 is provided with a regulating resistor and a voltmeter, and the produced current is monitored through the regulating resistor.
Optionally, the electrode 8 of the microbial desalination cell is a graphite felt material.
Two layers of ion exchange membranes are arranged between electrodes in two adjacent layers of artificial wetland matrixes, namely a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and a space is reserved between the adjacent ion exchange membranes. In one embodiment, two ion exchange membranes 9a and 9b distributed up and down are arranged between two adjacent microbial desalination cell electrodes 8, wherein 9a is a cation exchange membrane, and 9b is an anion exchange membrane.
The water inlet 5 is connected with the water tank 7 through a peristaltic pump 6, and the eutrophic seawater 2 to be treated, which is conveyed through the water inlet 5, covers at least 2cm of the surface layer of the topmost artificial wetland substrate 10. The eutrophic seawater to be treated can be polluted water containing salt and microalgae, and natural water with different eutrophication degrees, such as near shore, near island or sea entrance, and the like.
The emergent aquatic plant 1 is selected from any one or more of canna, calamus, cattail, reed, loosestrife, iris, rush, salicornia and allium fistulosum with good salt tolerance, and the root of the emergent aquatic plant 1 is planted as close to the microbial desalination cell electrode 8 in the topmost artificial wetland substrate 10 as possible.
Implement the utility model discloses a principle does:
sewage to be treated uniformly enters the wetland system from bottom to top through the porous water pipe, and is pushed into the wetland from the lower water inlet 5 and discharged from the upper water outlet 3. Pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matters and the like in the sewage are effectively removed through the adsorption of wetland substrates, plant assimilation, microbial decomposition and the like.
And the upper, middle and lower layers of the vertical flow artificial wetland are provided with microbial desalination cell electrodes 8, the microbial desalination cell electrodes 8 are composed of graphite felts, an external circuit 3 is connected between the two microbial desalination cell electrodes 8, a voltmeter is arranged, and a resistor is adjusted so as to monitor the current. And a cation exchange membrane 9a and an anion exchange membrane 9b are arranged between the electrodes 8 of the microbial desalination cell and used for blocking salt ions. Nitrogen, phosphorus, organic pollutants and the like move along with water flow or are adsorbed by a wetland substrate, absorbed by plants and decomposed by microorganisms, or are removed by electrochemical reaction generated by a microorganism desalting battery.
The sewage to be treated contains a large amount of salt ions, so that on one hand, the internal resistance of the device can be reduced, the electrogenesis capacity of the microbial desalination cell is enhanced, and anions/cations blocked by the ion exchange membrane 9 are desorbed, and the recycling of the ion exchange membrane is effectively realized; on the other hand, the biomass and the salt tolerance of system microorganisms are intensified under the reinforcement of micro-current. Thereby further improving the removal effect of the contaminants.
The method comprehensively utilizes the functions of physics, chemistry, biology, ecology, electrochemistry and the like, combines the microbial desalination cell technology with the vertical flow artificial wetland technology, provides a habitat carrier for the microbes, and the electric energy generated by the microbial desalination cell stimulates the microbes to accumulate biomass and improve the electron transfer rate; on the other hand, the multi-party synergistic effects (the biological effect of the salt-tolerant electricity-producing microorganisms, the bioelectrochemical effect of the microbial desalination cell and the physical-chemical-biological effect of the artificial wetland) of the microbial desalination cell and the artificial wetland are mutually influenced and jointly promoted, so that the applicability of the microorganisms and the pollutant degradation capability are improved, and the win-win effect of repairing the near-shore eutrophic water body and saving the cost is achieved.
The device makes full use of the electrochemical action of the microbial desalination cell and the structural characteristics of the artificial wetland on the basis of not changing the structure of the artificial wetland, and optimizes and configures various technologies by only embedding the microbial desalination cell electrode 8 and the ion exchange membrane 9 to modify the innovative means of the operation of the wetland, thereby obviously improving the purification effect of the water body and saving the economic cost of water treatment, and the device has simple structure and convenient management and use.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, have following advantage and effect:
(1) the near-shore saline water body improves the operating efficiency of the microbial desalination cell, reduces the internal resistance and improves the power generation capacity. The internal and external circuit circulation can effectively dissociate the anions/cations adsorbed on the ion exchange membrane, thereby realizing the long-term recycling of the exchange membrane.
(2) Algae in the near-shore eutrophic water body can be subjected to photosynthesis, the dissolved oxygen in the inlet water is improved, the conversion of organic matters and nitrogen is effectively degraded, and the harmlessness of pollutants is realized.
(3) The microbial desalination cell generates electricity and stimulates the growth of microorganisms, so that the mutual assimilation and adaptation between the microorganisms and the salt-tolerant electrogenesis microorganisms in the artificial wetland are improved, the synchronous decontamination electrogenesis capability of the high-applicability key microorganisms is ensured, the microbial community structure is optimized, the electrogenesis capability is enhanced, the electron transfer is accelerated, and the oxidation-reduction degradation effect of each pollutant is improved.
(4) Combines the emerging microbial desalination cell technology with the artificial wetland technology, and expands the application of the electrochemical restoration technology in the water treatment field.
(5) The process is simple to operate, has good treatment effect and wide application prospect.
The above description is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that devices and structures not described in detail are understood to be implemented in a manner common in the art; without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that the present invention shall not be limited to the above-described embodiments, but that the present invention shall include all the modifications and variations of the embodiments. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments by the technical entity of the present invention all still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention, where the technical entity does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An integrated microbial desalination cell-constructed wetland apparatus, comprising:
a plurality of layers of artificial wetland substrates distributed in the vertical direction;
the microbial desalting cell electrodes are arranged in the middle and the intersection of the upper and lower layers of matrix materials and are connected in pairs through external circuits;
the ion exchange membrane is horizontally arranged between the battery electrodes in the two adjacent layers of artificial wetland substrates;
emergent aquatic plants are planted on the topmost artificial wetland substrate, and the roots of the emergent aquatic plants are planted close to the battery electrodes in the topmost artificial wetland substrate;
the water inlet is connected with one side of the bottom layer artificial wetland matrix and is used for conveying the eutrophic seawater to be treated to the bottom layer artificial wetland matrix;
and the water outlet is connected with the other side of the topmost artificial wetland substrate and is used for discharging the desalted seawater.
2. The integrated microbial desalination cell-constructed wetland apparatus of claim 1, wherein the microbial desalination cell electrode is a graphite felt.
3. The integrated microbial desalination cell-artificial wetland device of claim 1, wherein two layers of the ion exchange membranes are arranged between the electrodes in the two adjacent layers of artificial wetland substrates, namely a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane from top to bottom, and a distance is reserved between the adjacent ion exchange membranes.
4. The integrated microbial desalination cell-constructed wetland apparatus of claim 1 wherein the water inlet is connected to the water tank by a peristaltic pump.
5. The integrated microbial desalination cell-constructed wetland apparatus of claim 1, wherein the eutrophic seawater to be treated by the integrated microbial desalination cell-constructed wetland apparatus covers at least 2cm of the surface layer of the topmost constructed wetland substrate.
6. The integrated microbial desalination cell-artificial wetland device of claim 1, wherein the emergent aquatic plants are selected from any one or more of salt-tolerant canna, calamus, cattail, reed, loosestrife, iris, juncus effuses, salicornia and allium fistulosum.
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| CN201920523986.9U CN209872695U (en) | 2019-04-17 | 2019-04-17 | Integrated microbial desalination cell-artificial wetland device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109867420A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-11 | 上海海洋大学 | Integral type microorganism desalination cell-constructed wetland device |
| CN109867420B (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2024-05-14 | 上海海洋大学 | Integrated microbial desalination cell-constructed wetland device |
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- 2019-04-17 CN CN201920523986.9U patent/CN209872695U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109867420A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-11 | 上海海洋大学 | Integral type microorganism desalination cell-constructed wetland device |
| CN109867420B (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2024-05-14 | 上海海洋大学 | Integrated microbial desalination cell-constructed wetland device |
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