CN209870097U

CN209870097U - Electric automobile

Info

Publication number: CN209870097U
Application number: CN201920785786.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张大朋
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-05-29
Filing date: 2019-05-29
Publication date: 2019-12-31
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-29

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electric motor car technical field provides an electric automobile, can improve electric automobile's security, stability and travelling comfort. The electric automobile is provided with a plurality of wheel assemblies which are independent from each other, and each wheel assembly comprises a wheel, a driving device and a displacement device; the driving device can drive the wheels to rotate, and the displacement device can at least drive the wheels to move along the width direction of the electric automobile body. Each wheel of the electric automobile of the utility model is provided with an independent power system, and each wheel is independently controlled by a driving device and a displacement device, so that the flexibility is improved; the driving device controls the rotating speed of the wheels, when the vehicle turns, the turning is realized through the wheel speed difference, the wheels do not need to be bent, and the stability of the electric vehicle during the turning is improved; the displacement device controls the wheels to stretch out and draw back, so that the wheel track is adjusted, and the safety and the comfort of the electric automobile are improved.

Description

Electric automobile

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an electric motor car technical field, specifically speaking relates to an electric automobile.

Background

Under the influence of energy problems and environmental problems, the automobile industry gradually develops energy-saving and environment-friendly electric automobiles. The electric automobile has the advantages of no pollution, low noise, simple structure and the like.

However, the existing electric vehicle has single function and cannot adapt to different driving conditions and different road conditions. For example, the vehicle is inconvenient to control when turning, the vehicle body is not stable when running at high speed, the maneuverability is low when running at low speed, the vehicle body shakes obviously when encountering rough road conditions, and the like.

In addition, in order to increase the driving distance and save the power supply, the weight of the electric automobile body is continuously reduced, so that the stability of the electric automobile is gradually reduced. Especially in the case of high-speed driving, cornering, uneven roads, etc., the risk increases sharply due to the reduced stability. This is a problem faced by current electric vehicles and must be solved.

It is to be noted that the information applied in the above background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present invention, and thus may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the utility model provides an electric automobile can improve electric automobile's security, stability and travelling comfort.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric vehicle having a plurality of wheel assemblies independent of each other, each wheel assembly including a wheel, a drive device and a displacement device; the driving device can drive the wheels to rotate, and the displacement device can at least drive the wheels to move along the width direction of the electric automobile body.

Preferably, in the electric vehicle described above, the displacement device, the drive device, and the wheels are arranged in this order from inside to outside in the vehicle body width direction; the driving device is connected with and drives the wheel through a rotating bearing; the displacement device is connected with the driving device through a telescopic bearing, and drives the driving device and the wheels through the telescopic bearing.

Preferably, in the electric vehicle, the displacement device includes a first motor fixed to the vehicle body, and a first end of the telescopic bearing is telescopically connected to the first motor and a second end of the telescopic bearing is connected to the driving device.

Preferably, in the electric vehicle, the driving device includes a housing fixed to the vehicle body and a second motor accommodated in the housing; two opposite inner walls of the shell are provided with guide rails extending along the width direction of the vehicle body, and two opposite side walls of the second motor are respectively connected with the guide rails through rotating hinges; under the drive of the first motor, the second motor slides along the guide rail through the rotating hinge, and drives the wheels to move along the width direction of the vehicle body.

Preferably, in the above electric vehicle, when the wheel jumps in a direction perpendicular to the vehicle body, the wheel drives the second motor to swing through the rotating bearing, and the rotating pivot rotates in the guide rail in cooperation with the swing of the second motor.

Preferably, in the above electric vehicle, a first end of the rotation bearing is rotatably connected to the second motor, and a second end is connected to the wheel through a first rotation coupling; and a second end of the telescopic bearing is connected to the second motor through a second rotary joint.

Preferably, in the electric vehicle described above, the rotating bearing is connected to the vehicle body through a first elastic member, the first elastic member is capable of elastically stretching and contracting in a direction perpendicular to the vehicle body, a first end of the first elastic member is fixedly connected to the vehicle body, and a second end of the first elastic member is movably connected to the rotating bearing through a connecting ring.

Preferably, in the above electric vehicle, each wheel assembly further includes a lifting device, the housing is connected to the vehicle body through the lifting device, and the lifting device can be lifted and lowered along a direction perpendicular to the vehicle body to adjust the height of the vehicle body above the ground; and one side wall of the shell is connected with the vehicle body through a connecting rod, the first end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the vehicle body, and the second end of the connecting rod is connected with the side wall of the shell through a third rotary connector.

Preferably, in the electric vehicle, the lifting device is an electric lifter or a second elastic member.

Preferably, in the electric vehicle described above, in each of the wheel assemblies, the wheel includes a plurality of tires provided in the vehicle body width direction, and each of the plurality of tires is connected to the drive device through the rotary bearing.

Preferably, in the electric vehicle described above, the wheel cover is provided with a tire cover, and the tire cover includes: the cover body covers the wheel; the prompting module is arranged on the outer surface of the cover body and can generate prompting information when the wheel moves; and a flexible waterproof sheet disposed below the rear surface of the cover body.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model include at least:

each wheel is provided with an independent power system and is independently controlled by a driving device and a displacement device, so that the flexibility is improved; the driving device controls the rotating speed of the wheels, when the vehicle turns, the flexible control of turning is realized through the wheel speed difference, the wheels do not need to be bent, and the stability of the electric vehicle during turning is improved; the displacement device controls the wheels to stretch, so that the wheel track adjustment is realized, the wheel track can be increased when the electric automobile runs at a high speed, the wheel track can be reduced when the electric automobile runs at a low speed, and the safety and the comfort of the electric automobile are improved; the ground clearance of the automobile body is adjusted through the lifting device, so that the stability and the safety of the electric automobile are further improved; and through setting up a plurality of tires, vibrations when alleviating the driving increase travelling comfort.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a conventional track width of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention illustrating an increase in track width of an electric vehicle;

fig. 4 shows a schematic view of the reduction of the track width of the electric vehicle in the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 shows a schematic steering diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

figure 6 shows an exploded view of a wheel assembly in an embodiment of the invention;

figure 7 shows a schematic assembly of a wheel assembly in an embodiment of the invention;

figure 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a wheel assembly in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 9 shows a schematic view of a wheel jump in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of wheel hop low in an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their repetitive description will be omitted.

Referring to the structural schematic of the electric vehicle shown in fig. 1, the electric vehicle 1 of the present invention has a plurality of wheel assemblies 2 mounted on a vehicle body 10. In general, the electric vehicle 1 has 4 wheel assemblies 2, and in some special applications, 3, 6, 8, and so on wheel assemblies 2 may be disposed in the electric vehicle 1. Because of the utility model discloses a plurality of wheel subassemblies 2 mutual independence in electric automobile 1, consequently can increase and decrease the number of wheel subassembly 2 according to electric automobile 1's configuration.

Each wheel assembly 2 includes a wheel 21, a driving device 22 and a displacement device 23, the driving device 22 can drive the wheel 21 to rotate, and the displacement device 23 can drive at least the wheel 21 to move along the body width x direction of the electric vehicle, so that the wheel 21 extends in the direction away from the axis of the electric vehicle 1 (even if the wheel 21 extends outwards, the wheel track is increased), or contracts in the direction close to the axis of the electric vehicle 1 (even if the wheel 21 contracts inwards, the wheel track is reduced).

The wheel assemblies 2 are independent from each other, so that not only can each wheel assembly 2 be flexibly assembled according to the configuration of the electric automobile 1, but also each wheel 21 can be independently controlled through the driving device 22 and the displacement device 23, and the flexibility is improved. The driving device 22 controls the rotation speed of the wheels 21, and the rotation speed of each wheel 21 may be the same or different, and when the electric vehicle 1 is turning, the wheels 21 do not need to be rotated, and flexible control of the turning is achieved by a wheel speed difference between the wheels 21 (for example, the wheel speed of the wheel 21 on the turning side is made smaller than that of the wheel 21 on the non-turning side). The displacement device 23 controls the wheels 21 to stretch, so that the wheel track adjustment is realized, the wheel track can be increased during high-speed running, the stability of the electric automobile 1 is improved, the wheel track is reduced during low-speed running, and the maneuvering performance of the electric automobile 1 is improved.

Further, in each wheel assembly 2, the displacement device 23, the drive device 22, and the wheel 21 are arranged in this order from the inside to the outside in the vehicle body width x direction. The driving device 22 is connected with and drives the wheel 21 through a rotating bearing 24, and the displacement device 23 is connected with the driving device 22 through a telescopic bearing 25 and drives the driving device 22 and the wheel 21 through the telescopic bearing 25. After the displacement device 23, the driving device 22 and the wheel 21 are assembled in sequence, the driving device 22 drives the wheel 21 to rotate through the rotating bearing 24, and each driving device 22 independently drives and controls the rotating speed of the wheel 21; the displacement device 23 drives the driving device 22 and the wheel 21 to move along the direction of the width x of the vehicle body through the telescopic bearing 25, so that the wheel 21 is stretched inwards and outwards, and the wheel track is adjusted.

Specifically, in conjunction with the conventional track width diagram of the electric vehicle shown in fig. 2, when the electric vehicle 1 travels straight at a conventional vehicle speed, its track width (including the front wheel track width and the rear wheel track width) maintains the conventional track width L1. When the electric automobile 1 runs at a high speed, if the wheel track is too small, the vehicle is easy to roll over due to the action of centrifugal force, at the moment, the wheels 21 can be driven to extend outwards through the displacement devices 23 of the wheel assemblies 2, and the wheel track is increased so as to improve the stability of the vehicle. In combination with the schematic diagram of the increase of the wheel track of the electric vehicle shown in fig. 3, the driving device 22 and the wheel 21 are driven by the displacement device 23 of each wheel assembly 2 through the telescopic bearing 25 to move along the direction x of the vehicle body width in the direction x' away from the axis of the electric vehicle 1, so that the wheel 21 extends outwards, and the wheel track is increased to L2. When the electric automobile 1 runs at a low speed or is parked, the displacement device 23 can drive the wheels 21 to contract inwards, so that the track width is reduced to save energy consumption during low-speed running, the occupied area of the wheels 21 is reduced, and the parking is facilitated. In conjunction with the schematic view of the electric vehicle wheel track reduction shown in fig. 4, the driving device 22 and the wheels 21 are driven by the displacement device 23 of each wheel assembly 2 through the telescopic bearings 25 to move along the vehicle body width x direction to the x ″ direction close to the axle center of the electric vehicle 1, so that the wheels 21 are retracted inwards, and the wheel track is reduced to L3. Wherein, L2 > L1 > L3, the degree of the wheel 21 extending and contracting is determined according to the configuration of the electric automobile 1, the size of the wheel and other parameters. For example, the wheel 21 can be extended outward by 1m at the maximum and retracted inward by 50cm at the minimum, but not limited thereto. The user can also configure the degree of extension and contraction of the wheel 21 as required, and the present invention is not limited thereto. The normal vehicle speed, the high speed, and the low speed are also determined according to the configuration of the electric vehicle 1, and for example, the normal vehicle speed is between 30km/h and 100km/h, the low speed is less than 30km/h, and the high speed is more than 100 km/h. The user can also configure the vehicle speed as required, for example, configure the vehicle speed into a plurality of stages, one stage every 5km, which the present invention does not limit.

When the electric automobile 1 is turned, the wheels 21 do not need to bend, and the forward driving direction is still maintained, so that the stability of the vehicle during turning is increased, and the steering is realized by controlling the wheel speed difference generated between the wheels 21 through the driving device 22 of each wheel assembly. In conjunction with the steering diagram of the electric vehicle shown in fig. 5, taking a right turn as an example, the driving device 22 of the two wheel assemblies on the steering side (i.e. the right side) is provided for the first wheel speed V1 of the two wheels 21 on the right side, and the driving device 22 of the two wheel assemblies on the non-steering side (i.e. the left side) is provided for the second wheel speed V2 of the two wheels 21 on the left side, wherein V1 < V2. Since the wheel speed of the right side wheel is smaller than that of the left side wheel, the electric vehicle 1 realizes the right steering under the action of the wheel speed difference of the left and right side wheels. When turning to the angle great then the wheel difference is great, turns to the angle less then the wheel difference is less, and specific wheel difference value is calculated by electric automobile 1's control module, the utility model discloses do not restrict to this.

The utility model improves the flexibility of the electric automobile 1 by that each wheel component 2 is independent and each wheel 21 is controlled by a driving device 22 and a displacement device 23; when the electric automobile 1 runs at a high speed, under the driving of each displacement device 23, the wheel track can be increased, and the stability and the safety of the automobile are improved; when the electric automobile 1 runs at a low speed, under the driving of each displacement device 23, the wheel track can be reduced, the energy consumption is saved, the maneuvering performance is improved, and the parking is convenient; when the electric vehicle 1 is turning, a wheel speed difference is generated between the wheels on the turning side and the wheels on the non-turning side under the drive of each driving device 22 to achieve the turning. Wherein, turn to side wheel subassembly including turning to side front wheel subassembly and turning to side rear wheel subassembly, non-turns to side wheel subassembly including non-side front wheel subassembly and non-side rear wheel subassembly that turns to.

The displacement device 23 may be any device capable of achieving telescopic pushing. In a specific embodiment, in combination with the exploded view of the wheel assembly shown in fig. 6, the assembled view of the wheel assembly shown in fig. 7 and the sectional view of the wheel assembly shown in fig. 8, the displacement device 23 is an electric motor (a first electric motor, hereinafter the first electric motor is also denoted by 23) fixed to the vehicle body 10, the first end 25a of the telescopic bearing 25 is telescopically coupled to the first electric motor 23, and the second end 25b is coupled to the driving device 22. The principle of the first motor 23 driving the drive device 22 and the wheel 21 is: the first motor 23 generates a driving force to extend and retract the telescopic bearing 25 along the x direction of the vehicle body width, so as to drive the driving device 22 to move along the x direction of the vehicle body width and further drive the wheels 21 to move along the x direction of the vehicle body width, thereby achieving extension and retraction.

Further, the driving device 22 includes a housing 221 fixed to the vehicle body 10 and a second motor 222 accommodated in the housing 221. The housing 221 is a hollow structure, and a through hole may be formed in one end surface thereof along the vehicle width x direction, for the telescopic bearing 25 to pass through and connect the first motor 23 and the second motor 222; the other end 2212 is of an open structure for providing a space for the second motor 222 to move in the body width x direction. Two opposite inner walls of the housing 221 are provided with guide rails 223 extending in the vehicle width x direction, and two opposite side walls of the second motor 222 are connected to the guide rails 223 through rotation hinges 224, respectively. The rotating hinge 224 can be a short rotating shaft, one end of which is fixedly connected to the sidewall of the second motor 222, and the other end of which is movably embedded in the guide rail 223. Under the driving of the first motor 23, the second motor 222 slides along the guide rail 223 via the rotation hinge 224, and drives the wheel 21 to move along the vehicle width x direction. Through the cooperation of the guide rail 223 and the rotating hinge 224, the transverse movement of the second motor 222 can be limited to the direction along the width x of the vehicle body, and the smoothness and smoothness of the second motor 222 during movement are ensured, so that the electric vehicle 1 keeps stable when adjusting the wheel track without influencing normal driving.

When the electric vehicle 1 encounters rough and bumpy road surfaces during driving, the wheels 21 jump up and down along with the road surfaces. When the wheel 21 jumps in the y direction perpendicular to the vehicle body, the wheel 21 drives the second motor 222 to swing through the rotating bearing 24, and the rotating hinge 224 rotates in the guide rail 223 in cooperation with the swing of the second motor 222, so that when the wheel 21 jumps, the second motor 222 swings to absorb the uneven road surface, and the vehicle body 10 is prevented from shaking. Specifically, referring to the schematic diagram of wheel jump shown in fig. 9, when the wheel 21 jumps, the wheel 21 drives the second motor 222 to swing upward through the rotating bearing 24, and when the second motor 222 swings upward, the rotating hinge 224 is engaged in the guide track 223 to rotate in the direction of arrow m. Referring to the schematic diagram of wheel jump low shown in fig. 10, when the wheel 21 jumps low, the wheel 21 drives the second motor 222 to swing downwards through the rotating bearing 24, and when the second motor 222 swings downwards, the rotating hinge 224 is engaged in the guide rail 223 to rotate in the direction of arrow n. Thus, the run-out of the wheels 21 due to the unevenness of the road surface is absorbed by the upward and downward swing of the second motor 222, and the swing of the second motor 222 does not affect the vehicle body 10, thereby preventing the vehicle body 10 from shaking. And the rotation of the rotation hinge 224 is matched to make the swing of the second motor 222 smooth and steady, thereby ensuring the smooth jumping of the wheel 21.

Further, since the rotation bearing 24 and the telescopic bearing 25 are rigid bearings, in order to ensure that the swing of the second motor 222 does not affect the connection between the second motor and the wheel 21 and the displacement device 23, as shown in fig. 6, 9 and 10, the first end 24a of the rotation bearing 24 is rotatably connected to the second motor 222, the second end 24b is connected to the wheel 21 through a first rotation coupling, and the second end 25b of the telescopic bearing 25 is connected to the second motor 222 through a second rotation coupling. The first rotary joint and the second rotary joint can be ball connectors or other movable connecting pieces. The first rotary connector can ensure that the wheels 21 are always attached to the ground when the road surface is bumpy, so that the stability and the safety of the electric automobile 1 under the rugged road condition are improved; by means of the second rotary joint, a stable connection to the displacement device 23 can be ensured when the second electric motor 222 oscillates.

Further, in order to control the up-down bumping amplitude of the wheel 21 and the second motor 222, the rotary bearing 24 is connected to the vehicle body 10 through a first elastic member 271, the first elastic member 271 can elastically extend and contract along the y direction perpendicular to the vehicle body, a first end of the first elastic member 271 is fixedly connected to the vehicle body 10, and a second end of the first elastic member 271 is movably connected to the rotary bearing 24 through a connecting ring 272. As the wheel 21 and the second motor 222 pitch up and down, the first elastic member 271 elastically expands and contracts in the y direction perpendicular to the vehicle body, which can limit the pitch amplitude of the wheel 21 and the second motor 222, and avoid causing vibration of the vehicle body 10. The first elastic member 271 is a mechanical spring structure to elastically expand and contract in the y direction perpendicular to the vehicle body in accordance with road bumps.

In a preferred embodiment, each wheel assembly further comprises a lifting device. As shown in fig. 1, 6 and 8, the housing 221 of the driving device 22 is connected to the vehicle body 10 through a lifting device 273, and the lifting device 273 can be lifted and lowered in the y direction perpendicular to the vehicle body to adjust the height of the vehicle body 10 from the ground. The lifting device 273 may be a mechanical spring structure to elastically expand and contract in the y direction perpendicular to the vehicle body. In a preferred embodiment, the lifting device 273 can actively adjust the height of the vehicle body 10 from the ground. The lifting device 273 is illustrated as an elastic member, but not limited to the illustration, the lifting device 273 may be any device capable of actively lifting in the y direction perpendicular to the vehicle body, such as an electric lifter or an air spring, so as to adjust the height of the vehicle body according to the vehicle height adjusting signal sent by the control module of the electric vehicle 1. When the electric vehicle 1 travels on a rough road, the lifting device 273 can adjust the height of the vehicle body 10 from the ground according to the distance between the vehicle body 10 and the road, so as to improve the passing ability of the electric vehicle 1 on the rough road. When the electric vehicle 1 runs at a high speed, in order to improve stability, the lifting device 273 lowers the ground clearance of the vehicle body 10 to lower the center of gravity of the electric vehicle; when the vehicle speed slows down or stops, the lifting device 273 restores the height of the vehicle body so as to facilitate getting on and off the vehicle. In some embodiments, the lifting device 273 may be configured to adjust the height of the vehicle body 10 from the ground in real time according to the vehicle speed, and when the vehicle speed is higher, the height of the vehicle body 10 from the ground is lower, so as to lower the center of gravity of the vehicle, and improve the driving safety and stability; when the vehicle speed gradually slows down, the height of the vehicle body 10 from the ground gradually recovers. The specific adjustment method is controlled by the control module of the electric vehicle, or the user can configure the adjustment method according to the requirement, and the utility model discloses do not limit to this. Of course, the lifting device 273 can also be as described above with reference to the first elastic member 271, so as to provide shock absorption and buffering functions, further ensuring that the vehicle body 10 is stable and is not affected by road bumps. More preferably, a side wall of the housing 221 is connected to the vehicle body 10 by a connecting rod 274, a first end of the connecting rod 274 is fixedly connected to the vehicle body 10, and a second end is connected to the side wall of the housing 221 by a third rotary joint. The connecting rod 274 is movable relative to the housing 221 in accordance with the elevation of the elevating device 273 while reducing the shock of the vehicle body 10 by its rigid body and the third rotary joint.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the wheel 21 of each wheel assembly may be a single tire, and also includes a plurality of tires (three tires: 21a, 21b and 21c are shown, but not limited thereto) arranged along the width x direction of the vehicle body, with appropriate gaps therebetween, and each connected to the second motor 222 of the driving device 22 through the rotary bearing 24. Each tire may be an inflatable rubber tire or a solid plastic tire. As described above, the electric vehicle 1 of the present invention does not bend the wheel 21 when turning, but turns by generating a wheel speed difference between the turning-side wheel and the non-turning-side wheel. Therefore, each wheel 21 of the electric vehicle 1 may be provided with a plurality of tires to increase the total width of each wheel 21 and increase the contact area with the ground. When the vehicle runs on uneven ground, the wider wheels 21 can reduce the vibration of the vehicle body 10, and improve the stability and comfort of the vehicle. In some scenarios, when the vehicle is traveling on uneven ground, one of the wheels 21 presses against a cavity or raised obstacle, and the remaining tires are still traveling on flat ground, thereby further reducing vibrations of the vehicle body 10. In a preferred embodiment, the wheel 21 housing is provided with a tire housing comprising: a cover body 28 covering the wheel 21 to improve the beauty of the wheel assembly 2; and a prompt module disposed on an outer surface of the housing 28, such as the surfaces indicated by arrows 281 and 282. The outer surface of the cover 28 may be an electronic screen, and is configured to generate a prompt message when the wheel 21 moves telescopically, especially in the direction of the vehicle body width x, and extends in a direction away from the axis of the electric vehicle 1, so as to prompt surrounding vehicles in time, and avoid collision of the surrounding vehicles when the wheel 21 extends outwards due to an excessively small distance from the electric vehicle 1. The prompting module may also be a warning light (not specifically illustrated in the figure) disposed on the outer surface of the cover 28, as long as the prompting module can play a role in prompting when the wheel 21 moves in a telescopic manner. And a soft waterproof sheet 283 provided below the rear surface of the cover body 28 for retaining dust during travel of the electric vehicle 1 and keeping the vehicle body 10 dry.

The utility model discloses an electric automobile's control principle is: executed by a control module of the electric vehicle, comprising:

when the driving speed of the electric automobile is larger than the first preset value, a wheel track increasing signal is sent to each wheel assembly, so that the displacement device of each wheel assembly drives each wheel to extend along the width direction of the automobile body and in the direction away from the axis of the electric automobile. With reference to fig. 3 and the above description of the wheel track increasing portion of the electric vehicle, when the displacement device responds to the wheel track increasing signal, the telescopic bearing drives the driving device and the wheel to move along the width direction of the vehicle body in the direction away from the axis of the electric vehicle, so as to extend the wheel and increase the wheel track. In this case, the vehicle height may be lowered as the vehicle speed increases by sending a signal to lower the vehicle height to the second elastic member 273, thereby improving the stability of the electric vehicle during high-speed driving.

When the driving speed of the electric automobile is smaller than the second preset value, a wheel track reduction signal is sent to each wheel assembly, so that the displacement device of each wheel assembly drives each wheel to contract along the width direction of the automobile body and towards the direction close to the axle center of the electric automobile. With reference to fig. 4 and the above description of the wheel track reduction portion of the electric vehicle, when the displacement device responds to the wheel track reduction signal, the driving device and the wheel are driven by the telescopic bearing to move along the width direction of the vehicle body toward the axis of the electric vehicle, so as to achieve the wheel contraction and reduce the wheel track. At this time, it is also possible to gradually recover the height of the vehicle body as the speed of the vehicle decreases by sending a signal for raising the height of the vehicle body to the second elastic member 273, to maintain the stability of the electric vehicle, and to facilitate getting on and off the vehicle when the vehicle is parked.

Furthermore, when the driving speed of the electric automobile is between the first preset value and the second preset value, the control module can also send a wheel track adjusting signal to each wheel assembly according to the driving speed, so that the displacement device can adjust the wheel track in real time according to the driving speed, and the wheel track is adaptive to the driving speed, thereby obtaining the optimized driving experience.

When the electric automobile turns, a first wheel speed signal is sent to the wheel assembly on the turning side, the driving device of the wheel assembly on the turning side drives the wheel on the turning side to move forwards at the first wheel speed, a second wheel speed signal is sent to the wheel assembly on the non-turning side, the driving device of the wheel assembly on the non-turning side drives the wheel on the non-turning side to move forwards at the second wheel speed, and the second wheel speed is higher than the first wheel speed. As can be seen from fig. 5 and the above description of the steering portion of the electric vehicle, when the electric vehicle is turning, the wheels do not need to rotate, and the driving devices of the respective wheel assemblies respectively respond to the corresponding wheel speed signals to adjust the wheel speeds of the wheels, so that the wheel speed of the wheel on the steering side is lower than that of the wheel on the non-steering side, thereby achieving the steering of the electric vehicle 1 under the action of the wheel speed difference. Specific wheel speed difference is calculated by control module, the utility model discloses do not do the restriction to this.

In the present embodiment, the numbers of the steps are only used to indicate the control modes of the electric vehicle in different states, and the logical relationship and the execution order between the steps are not limited.

Further, with continuing reference to fig. 5, in a preferred embodiment, when the electric vehicle is turning, the control method of the present invention further includes: sending a contraction signal to the steering side wheel assembly to make the displacement device of the steering side wheel assembly drive the steering side wheels (namely, the right front wheel and the right rear wheel in fig. 5) to contract towards the direction close to the axle center of the electric automobile along the width direction of the automobile body; and/or sending an extension signal to the non-steering side wheel assembly to enable the displacement device of the non-steering side wheel assembly to drive the non-steering side wheels (namely, the left front wheel and the left rear wheel in the figure 5) to extend along the width direction of the vehicle body and in the direction away from the axle center of the electric vehicle. In order to assist the electric automobile to steer, the control module can enable the front and rear wheels on the steering side to contract or enable the front and rear wheels on the non-steering side to extend through the displacement device while realizing the wheel speed difference through the driving device of each wheel assembly, or enable the front and rear wheels on the steering side to contract and enable the front and rear wheels on the non-steering side to extend simultaneously when the steering angle is large. Specifically, the steering side wheels can be driven by the displacement device of the steering side wheel assembly to be properly contracted along the x 'direction close to the axle center of the electric automobile, and/or the non-steering side wheels can be driven by the displacement device of the non-steering side wheel assembly to be properly extended along the x' direction away from the axle center of the electric automobile, so as to further assist the electric automobile in achieving steering. The specific degree of contraction of the turning-side wheels and the specific degree of extension of the non-turning-side wheels are calculated by the control module, and the utility model discloses do not do the restriction to this.

Further, in some embodiments, the control module may further control the electric vehicle to perform: when the driving speed of the electric automobile is greater than a first preset value, an automobile body height reducing signal is sent to a lifting device of the electric automobile, so that the lifting device drives the electric automobile to reduce the height of the automobile body above the ground, the gravity center of the automobile is reduced, and the stability and the safety of the automobile in high-speed driving are improved; and when the electric automobile is parked, sending an automobile body height rising signal to the lifting device, enabling the lifting device to drive the electric automobile to rise the ground clearance of the automobile body, and enabling the automobile body height to be recovered to be convenient for getting on or off the automobile. In some embodiments, based on a control signal of a control module of the electric vehicle, the lifting device can adjust the height of the vehicle body from the ground in real time according to the vehicle speed, and when the vehicle speed is higher, the height of the vehicle body from the ground is lower, so that the gravity center of the vehicle is reduced, and the driving safety and stability are improved; when the vehicle speed is gradually slowed to stop, the height of the vehicle body from the ground is gradually recovered so as to facilitate getting on or off the vehicle.

The process of above-mentioned adjustment wheel rotational speed, the flexible degree of wheel, automobile body height can be the continuity adjustment, also can be the adjustment of stage (discontinuity), specifically decides according to control module's configuration, the utility model discloses do not restrict to this.

The electric automobile of the utility model can independently control each wheel through the driving device and the displacement device, thereby improving the flexibility of the electric automobile; when the electric automobile runs at a high speed, the displacement device drives the wheels to extend through the track increasing signal, and the track is increased, so that the stability and the safety of the automobile are improved; when the electric automobile runs at a low speed, the displacement device drives the wheels to contract through the wheel track reducing signal, so that the wheel track is reduced, the energy consumption is saved, and the parking is facilitated; when the electric automobile turns, the driving device drives the turning side wheel and the non-turning side wheel to generate a wheel speed difference through different wheel speed signals, so that the turning is realized; and the height of the automobile body from the ground is adjusted through the lifting device, so that the safety and the stability of the electric automobile are further improved.

Additionally, the utility model discloses an electric automobile's control module can cooperate with navigation (like GPS or big dipper) and autopilot software and equipment, according to each wheel subassembly of driving instruction regulation and control electric automobile jointly.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the specific preferred embodiments thereof, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments shown and described. To the utility model belongs to the technical field of ordinary technical personnel, do not deviate from the utility model discloses under the prerequisite of design, can also make a plurality of simple deductions or replacement, all should regard as belonging to the utility model discloses a protection scope.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle having a plurality of wheel assemblies, characterized in that:

a plurality of said wheel assemblies being independent of each other, each of said wheel assemblies including a wheel, a drive means and a displacement means;

the driving device can drive the wheels to rotate, and the displacement device can at least drive the wheels to move along the width direction of the electric automobile body.

2. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the displacement device, the drive device, and the wheel are disposed in this order from inside to outside in the vehicle body width direction;

the driving device is connected with and drives the wheel through a rotating bearing;

the displacement device is connected with the driving device through a telescopic bearing, and drives the driving device and the wheels through the telescopic bearing.

3. The electric vehicle of claim 2 wherein said displacement means comprises a first motor secured to the vehicle body, said telescopic bearing having a first end telescopically coupled to said first motor and a second end coupled to said drive means.

4. The electric vehicle of claim 3, wherein said drive means includes a housing fixed to the vehicle body and a second electric motor housed in said housing;

two opposite inner walls of the shell are provided with guide rails extending along the width direction of the vehicle body, and two opposite side walls of the second motor are respectively connected with the guide rails through rotating hinges;

under the drive of the first motor, the second motor slides along the guide rail through the rotating hinge, and drives the wheels to move along the width direction of the vehicle body.

5. The electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein when the wheel is bouncing in a direction perpendicular to the vehicle body, the wheel swings the second motor via the rotation bearing, and the rotation pivot rotates in the guide rail in cooperation with the swing of the second motor.

6. The electric vehicle of claim 5 wherein a first end of said rotational bearing is rotatably coupled to said second motor and a second end is coupled to said wheel by a first rotational coupling; and

the second end of the telescopic bearing is connected to the second motor through a second rotary joint.

7. The electric vehicle of claim 5, wherein the rotary bearing is connected to the vehicle body by a first elastic member, the first elastic member is elastically stretchable in the direction perpendicular to the vehicle body, a first end of the first elastic member is fixedly connected to the vehicle body, and a second end of the first elastic member is movably connected to the rotary bearing by a connection ring.

8. The electric vehicle of claim 4, wherein each of the wheel assemblies further comprises a lifting device, the housing is connected with the vehicle body through the lifting device, and the lifting device can be lifted in a direction perpendicular to the vehicle body to adjust the height of the vehicle body from the ground; and

one side wall of the shell is connected with the vehicle body through a connecting rod, the first end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the vehicle body, and the second end of the connecting rod is connected with the side wall of the shell through a third rotating connector.

9. The electric vehicle of claim 8, wherein the lifting device is an electric lifter or a second elastic member.

10. The electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein in each of the wheel assemblies, the wheel includes a plurality of tires provided in the vehicle body width direction, and each of the plurality of tires is connected to the drive device through the rotary bearing.

11. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the wheel housing is provided with a tire cover, the tire cover comprising:

the cover body covers the wheel;

the prompting module is arranged on the outer surface of the cover body and can generate prompting information when the wheel moves; and

and the soft waterproof sheet is arranged below the rear surface of the cover body.