CN209867005U - Hot extrusion device for measuring friction factor of inner wall of extrusion container - Google Patents
Hot extrusion device for measuring friction factor of inner wall of extrusion container Download PDFInfo
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- CN209867005U CN209867005U CN201920583840.3U CN201920583840U CN209867005U CN 209867005 U CN209867005 U CN 209867005U CN 201920583840 U CN201920583840 U CN 201920583840U CN 209867005 U CN209867005 U CN 209867005U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a hot extrusion device for measuring friction factor of an inner wall of an extrusion container, an extrusion shaft of the hot extrusion device is arranged at one end of the extrusion container and is matched with an extrusion cavity, an extrusion die seat is arranged at the other end of the extrusion container, and a first piezoelectric sensor is arranged between the extrusion die seat and the extrusion container; the extrusion die is arranged on the extrusion die holder and close to one end of the extrusion cylinder, a gap is reserved between the extrusion die and the extrusion cylinder, and the extrusion die is coaxial with the extrusion cavity; the heating device is arranged outside the extrusion container; the extrusion chamber is divided into a left extrusion chamber and a right extrusion chamber along the axis of the extrusion chamber, and the force measuring devices are arranged on the left extrusion chamber and the right extrusion chamber and used for measuring the force in the direction vertical to the axis of the extrusion chamber in the extrusion process. The utility model discloses a device can record the radial pressure that the recipient inner wall receives and the recipient axial frictional force that receives at the hot extrusion in-process, and then obtains the coefficient of friction of emollient under the different temperatures.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a material processing field, especially a hot extrusion device for measuring recipient inner wall friction factor.
Background
Extrusion is one of the main methods for plastic forming of metals, can directly produce semi-finished metal materials such as pipes, rods, shapes, rows and the like, and has wide application in aluminum processing, copper processing, titanium alloy, high-melting-point rare metal material processing and the like. In the extrusion process, the friction force between the die and the blank can block the flow of materials, so that the extrusion force is increased, the blank is not uniformly deformed, the dimensional precision and the surface roughness of an extruded piece are influenced, the severe friction can cause die abrasion or increase the die surface treatment cost, and the production efficiency is reduced.
The friction force between the die and the blank can be reduced by coating the surface of the die and the blank with a solid or liquid lubricant and improving the surface smoothness and hardness of the die through surface treatment (such as surface nitriding, galvanizing and the like). In the extrusion process, a blank continuously generates a new surface, the surface of the blank and the surface of a die generally have larger contact pressure, and the temperature of the contact surface is increased due to the plastic deformation heat in the forming process, and the factors can make the lubricating condition unstable, so that the finished product cannot achieve the expected effect. Therefore, the research on the friction between the die and the blank by different lubricants is of great significance.
At present, the friction coefficient is measured by using standard tribology experimental equipment such as a ball disc experiment or by using simulation software to estimate the friction coefficient of the lubricant by comparing with actual process parameters. In actual research, there is still a lack of an effective method for in situ measurement of the friction coefficient of lubricants during extrusion.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the problem that exists among the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a hot extrusion device for measuring recipient inner wall friction factor, the utility model discloses can measure the atress condition of recipient equidirectional among the extrusion process to the normal position obtains coefficient of friction between blank and extrusion die, provides more practical test method for the research and development of emollient.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model discloses an adopt following technical scheme:
a hot extrusion device for measuring friction factors of inner walls of extrusion containers comprises an extrusion shaft, the extrusion containers, an extrusion die holder, a force measuring device and a heating device, wherein the extrusion shaft is arranged at one end of the extrusion containers and is matched with an extrusion cavity of the extrusion containers; the extrusion die is arranged between one ends, close to the extrusion container, of the extrusion die holder, a gap is reserved between the extrusion die and the extrusion container, the gap is used for preventing the extrusion die and the extrusion container from being in contact stress in the extrusion process, and the extrusion die is coaxial with the extrusion cavity;
the heating device is arranged outside the extrusion container and used for heating the extrusion container and the extrusion die;
the extrusion chamber is divided into a left extrusion chamber and a right extrusion chamber along the axis of the extrusion chamber, the force measuring device is connected with the left extrusion chamber and the right extrusion chamber, and the force measuring device is used for measuring the force in the direction vertical to the axis of the extrusion chamber in the extrusion process.
The force measuring device comprises a left clamping plate, a right clamping plate and a plurality of bolts, wherein the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate are respectively connected with the left extrusion container and the right extrusion container, and are parallel to the interface of the left extrusion container and the right extrusion container; the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate are assembled and connected through bolts, the axis of each bolt is perpendicular to the axis of the extrusion cavity, and a second piezoelectric sensor used for measuring the axial force of each bolt is arranged on each bolt.
The bolts are arranged symmetrically about the axis of the extrusion chamber.
The left clamping plate and the right clamping plate are provided with through holes for bolts to pass through, and the left clamping plate, the right clamping plate, the left extrusion container and the right extrusion container are connected into an integral structure through bolts and nuts.
The extrusion container is cuboid, and the left extrusion container and the right extrusion container are structures formed by symmetrically dividing the extrusion container along the axis of the extrusion cavity.
The second piezoelectric sensor adopts a BiT ceramic piezoelectric patch.
The heating device adopts an electromagnetic induction heating coil.
A groove used for limiting the extrusion die is formed in the end portion of the extrusion cavity on the extrusion container, and a gap is reserved between the extrusion container and the bottom of the limiting groove.
The first piezoelectric sensor adopts a BiT ceramic piezoelectric patch.
The utility model provides a method for measuring recipient inner wall coefficient of friction adopts the utility model discloses an above-mentioned hot extrusion device goes on, and the process is as follows:
step 1, coating a lubricant on an extrusion container, an extrusion die and a blank to be extruded, heating the blank to a specified hot extrusion temperature, preheating the extrusion container and the extrusion die to the specified temperature and keeping the temperature constant;
step 2, placing the blank into an extrusion cavity of an extrusion container, then applying force to the blank through an extrusion shaft for extrusion, and detecting the stress condition of the extrusion container through a first piezoelectric sensor and a force measuring device in the extrusion process;
and 3, after the extrusion is finished, processing data detected by the first piezoelectric sensor and the force measuring device, and calculating the friction coefficient of the lubricant on the inner wall of the extrusion container during the extrusion.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
the utility model discloses a hot extrusion device for measuring recipient inner wall friction factor is through setting up first piezoelectric sensor between recipient and extrusion die seat, consequently can obtain the atress of recipient edgewise direction according to the change volume at the extrusion in-process first piezoelectric sensor numerical value, and this power is the frictional force of blank to the recipient inner wall promptly. The extrusion chamber is divided into a left extrusion chamber and a right extrusion chamber along the axis of the extrusion chamber, force measuring devices are arranged on the left extrusion chamber and the right extrusion chamber, and the force measuring devices can measure the force in the direction vertical to the axis of the extrusion chamber in the extrusion process; the force measured by the force measuring device is subjected to force analysis, and the radial pressure borne by the inner wall of the extrusion container can be obtained. The ratio of the friction force and the radial pressure on the inner wall of the extrusion container is the friction coefficient of the lubricant. Through heating device to recipient and extrusion die heating, can pass through the utility model discloses a device measures the coefficient of friction of emollient under the different temperatures. To sum up, the utility model discloses can measure the atress condition of extrusion in-process recipient equidirectional not to the normal position obtains coefficient of friction between blank and extrusion die, provides more actual test method for the research and development of emollient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a die of a hot extrusion apparatus for measuring the friction factor of an inner wall of a container in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a mold-disassembled view of the hot extrusion apparatus for measuring friction factor of inner wall of container in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the hot extrusion device along the axis direction of the extrusion chamber for measuring the friction factor of the inner wall of the extrusion container.
In the drawings, each reference numeral represents: the method comprises the following steps of 1-extruding shaft, 2-blank, 3-left extruding container, 4-right extruding container, 5-extruding die, 6-extruding die holder, 7-left clamping plate, 8-right clamping plate, 9-bolt, 10-nut, 11-second piezoelectric sensor, 12-first piezoelectric sensor and 13-electromagnetic induction heating coil.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the utility model discloses a hot extrusion device for measuring recipient inner wall friction factor, including extrusion shaft 1, recipient, extrusion die 5, extrusion die seat 6, measuring force device and heating device, extrusion shaft 1 sets up in the upper end of recipient and sets up with the extrusion chamber adaptation of recipient, and extrusion die seat 6 sets up in the lower extreme of recipient, and the upper end of extrusion die seat 6 and the lower extreme of recipient are equipped with first piezoelectric type sensor at the contact site of extrusion die seat 6 and recipient; the extrusion die 5 is arranged at the upper top end of the extrusion die holder 6, a gap is reserved between the upper end of the extrusion die 5 and the lower end of the extrusion container, and the gap can ensure that the extrusion container is prevented from being propped against the extrusion container after being stressed, so that the force measurement of the first piezoelectric sensor is prevented from being inaccurate, and the extrusion die 5 and the extrusion cavity are required to be coaxial; the heating device is arranged outside the extrusion container and used for heating the extrusion container and the extrusion die 5 so as to meet the requirements of a hot extrusion process; the extrusion chamber is divided into a left extrusion chamber 3 and a right extrusion chamber 4 along the axis of the extrusion chamber, force measuring devices are arranged on the left extrusion chamber 3 and the right extrusion chamber 4, and the force measuring devices are used for measuring the force in the direction vertical to the axis of the extrusion chamber in the extrusion process.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the force measuring device of the present invention comprises a left clamping plate 7, a right clamping plate 8 and a plurality of bolts 9, wherein the left clamping plate 7 and the right clamping plate 8 are respectively connected with the left extruding cylinder 3 and the right extruding cylinder 4, and the left clamping plate 7 and the right clamping plate 8 are both parallel to the interface of the left extruding cylinder 3 and the right extruding cylinder 4; the left clamping plate 7 and the right clamping plate 8 are assembled and connected through a bolt 9, the axis of the bolt 9 is perpendicular to the axis of the extrusion cavity, and a second piezoelectric sensor 11 for measuring the axial force of the bolt 9 is arranged on the bolt 9. Wherein several bolts 9 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the extrusion chamber. The second piezoelectric sensor 11 employs a BiT ceramic piezoelectric plate. All set up the through-hole that supplies bolt 9 to pass on left splint 7 and the right splint 8, left splint 7, right splint 8, left recipient 3 and right recipient 4 pass through bolt 9 and nut 10 and connect as overall structure. The process of measuring the friction factor of the inner wall of the container by using the hot extrusion device for measuring the friction factor of the inner wall of the container of the present embodiment comprises the following steps (wherein the required devices when measuring the friction factor of the inner wall of the container of the present invention are YJ32-160B hydraulic press and YJ-5 type static strain gauge):
step 1, cutting a blank to be extruded with a required size by using a linear cutting technology, and completely annealing the blank;
step 2, coating a lubricant on the blank, the extrusion container and the extrusion die, then heating the blank to a specified hot extrusion temperature, and preheating the extrusion container and the extrusion die 5 to the specified temperature and keeping the temperature constant;
and 3, putting the blank into an extrusion container, and then extruding the blank 2 by using the extrusion shaft 1. In the extrusion process, the stress condition of the extrusion barrel is detected through the first piezoelectric sensor 12 and the first piezoelectric sensor 11;
and 4, after the extrusion is finished, processing data obtained by detection of the first piezoelectric sensor 12 and the first piezoelectric sensor 11, and calculating the friction coefficient of the lubricant on the inner wall of the extrusion container during extrusion.
In the step 4, when the data are processed, a friction coefficient curve graph generated by the contact of different lubricating materials and an extrusion cylinder in the hot extrusion process can be drawn through measuring the data, and an experimental means is provided for searching the optimal lubricating agent for the hot extrusion material. The optimized selection of the lubricant can effectively improve the service life of the extrusion container and the surface quality of a product, improve the yield, improve the experimental research efficiency and save time and money.
Therefore, the utility model discloses a method process for measuring recipient inner wall friction factor is simple to because the device more is close actual material processing equipment, can carry out the hot extrusion of rod that simplifies, the device has contained the influence factor that the emollient received in actual hot extrusion, consequently passes through the utility model discloses a recipient inner wall friction factor that the gained is measured to the method is close actual value more, and the result is more accurate.
As the utility model discloses preferred embodiment, the utility model discloses a shape of recipient is the cuboid, and left recipient 3 and right recipient 4 are the structure that the axis symmetry division of recipient along the extrusion chamber formed.
As shown in fig. 1, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heating device of the present invention employs an electromagnetic induction heating coil 13, and the electromagnetic induction heating coil 13 is wound around the periphery of the extrusion container, the left and right clamp plates, and the extrusion die 5 as a whole, so as to better heat the extrusion container and the extrusion die 5.
As the utility model discloses preferred embodiment the utility model discloses a hot extrusion device's for measuring recipient inner wall friction factor recipient, about splint, the outside of extrusion die 5 and extrusion die holder 6 set up heat preservation device, can make whole device receive external temperature variation's influence less through heat preservation device, further guarantee measuring result's reliability.
As shown in fig. 3, as the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the extrusion chamber end of the extrusion cylinder of the present invention is provided with a groove for limiting the extrusion die 5, and the extrusion cylinder is provided with a gap with the bottom of the limiting groove.
The utility model discloses place concentric annular piezoelectric type sensor between recipient and extrusion die seat, can obtain the atress of recipient along the axle direction according to the change volume at extrusion in-process sensor numerical value, the frictional force of blank to the recipient inner wall promptly. Meanwhile, annular piezoelectric sensors are respectively attached to the bolts connecting the left extrusion container, the right extrusion container and the clamping plate, and the change of the tensile force applied to the bolts can be measured in the extrusion process, so that the radial pressure applied to the inner wall of the extrusion container can be obtained according to the stress analysis of the extrusion container. The ratio of the friction force and the radial pressure on the inner wall of the extrusion container is the friction coefficient of the lubricant.
In the utility model, the first piezoelectric sensor 12 and the second piezoelectric sensor 11 are both annular BiT ceramic piezoelectric sheets, which have fast response speed, high temperature resistance, no failure of the positive piezoelectric effect at high temperature and normal use at high temperature; therefore, the radial pressure and the axial friction force borne by the extrusion container in the hot extrusion process can be effectively measured.
Claims (9)
1. A hot extrusion device for measuring friction factors of inner walls of extrusion containers is characterized by comprising an extrusion shaft (1), the extrusion containers, an extrusion die (5), an extrusion die seat (6), a force measuring device and a heating device, wherein the extrusion shaft (1) is arranged at one end of the extrusion containers and is matched with an extrusion cavity of the extrusion containers, the extrusion die seat (6) is arranged at the other end of the extrusion containers, and a first piezoelectric sensor is arranged between the extrusion die seat (6) and the extrusion containers; the extrusion die (5) is arranged at one end, close to the extrusion cylinder, of the extrusion die holder (6), a gap is reserved between the extrusion die (5) and the extrusion cylinder, and the extrusion die (5) is coaxial with the extrusion cavity;
the heating device is arranged outside the extrusion container and is used for heating the extrusion container and the extrusion die (5);
the extrusion chamber is divided into a left extrusion chamber (3) and a right extrusion chamber (4) along the axis of the extrusion chamber, the force measuring device is connected with the left extrusion chamber (3) and the right extrusion chamber (4), and the force measuring device is used for measuring the force in the direction vertical to the axis of the extrusion chamber in the extrusion process.
2. The hot extrusion device for measuring the friction factor of the inner wall of the extrusion container according to claim 1, wherein the force measuring device comprises a left clamping plate (7), a right clamping plate (8) and a plurality of bolts (9), the left clamping plate (7) and the right clamping plate (8) are respectively connected with the left extrusion container (3) and the right extrusion container (4), and the left clamping plate (7) and the right clamping plate (8) are both parallel to the interface of the left extrusion container (3) and the right extrusion container (4); the left clamping plate (7) and the right clamping plate (8) are assembled and connected through a bolt (9), the axis of the bolt (9) is perpendicular to the axis of the extrusion cavity, and a second piezoelectric sensor used for measuring the axial force of the bolt (9) is arranged on the bolt (9).
3. A hot extrusion apparatus for measuring friction factor of inner wall of container according to claim 2 characterized in that several bolts (9) are arranged symmetrically about the axis of the extrusion chamber.
4. The hot extrusion device for measuring the friction factor of the inner wall of the extrusion cylinder according to claim 2, wherein the left clamping plate (7) and the right clamping plate (8) are respectively provided with a through hole for the bolt (9) to pass through, and the left clamping plate (7), the right clamping plate (8), the left extrusion cylinder (3) and the right extrusion cylinder (4) are connected into an integral structure through the bolt (9) and the nut (10).
5. The hot extrusion device for measuring the friction factor of the inner wall of the extrusion container as claimed in claim 2, wherein the extrusion container is in the shape of a cuboid, and the left extrusion container (3) and the right extrusion container (4) are structures formed by symmetrically dividing the extrusion containers along the axis of the extrusion cavity.
6. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the second piezoelectric transducer comprises a BiT ceramic piezoelectric plate.
7. A hot extrusion apparatus for measuring friction factor of inner wall of container according to claim 1 wherein the heating means is an electromagnetic induction heating coil.
8. The hot extrusion device for measuring the friction factor of the inner wall of the extrusion container as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extrusion container is provided with a groove for limiting the extrusion die (5) at the end of the extrusion cavity, and a gap is reserved between the extrusion container and the bottom of the limiting groove.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first piezoelectric transducer comprises a BiT ceramic piezoelectric plate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920583840.3U CN209867005U (en) | 2019-04-25 | 2019-04-25 | Hot extrusion device for measuring friction factor of inner wall of extrusion container |
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| CN201920583840.3U CN209867005U (en) | 2019-04-25 | 2019-04-25 | Hot extrusion device for measuring friction factor of inner wall of extrusion container |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109877180A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-14 | 西安建筑科技大学 | It is a kind of for measuring the thermal-squeezing device and method of extrusion cylinder inner wall friction factor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109877180A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-14 | 西安建筑科技大学 | It is a kind of for measuring the thermal-squeezing device and method of extrusion cylinder inner wall friction factor |
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