CN209858566U - Water and soil conservation runoff plot monitoring system based on raspberry group - Google Patents
Water and soil conservation runoff plot monitoring system based on raspberry group Download PDFInfo
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- CN209858566U CN209858566U CN201920508769.2U CN201920508769U CN209858566U CN 209858566 U CN209858566 U CN 209858566U CN 201920508769 U CN201920508769 U CN 201920508769U CN 209858566 U CN209858566 U CN 209858566U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a soil and water conservation runoff plot monitoring system based on raspberry group, including rectangle side stalk and the water collecting bucket that sets up in rectangle side stalk downhill path position department, be provided with the guiding gutter between rectangle side stalk and the water collecting bucket, be provided with trunk liquid stream monitor, trunk stem stream monitoring equipment, soil temperature and humidity sensor and data acquisition device in the rectangle side stalk, be provided with solar battery, rain gauge and data transmission device outside the rectangle side stalk; a sampling mechanism is arranged at the position of the water collecting barrel, the sampling mechanism comprises a driving assembly and a sampling assembly which are arranged above the water collecting barrel, and a material receiving assembly which is arranged below the water collecting barrel, and the number of the sampling assemblies is multiple; the sampling assembly moves down limit rotation and takes a sample along vertical direction to a plurality of position of collector bucket under drive assembly drives, accomplishes the sample back sample in the sampling assembly shifts to and connects the material subassembly in, has solved current district cost of manufacture height, and the preparation is inefficient, and the function is few to the not high problem of accuracy of detection.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a soil and water conservation is experimental, monitoring devices technical field, especially relates to a soil and water conservation runoff plot monitoring system based on raspberry group.
Background
At present, a water and soil conservation runoff plot monitoring system is applied to all parts of the world as a common and important research method in the field of soil erosion, and provides a decision basis for water and soil loss treatment by monitoring the slope runoff sand content, runoff volume and the like of plots, and calculating the water and soil loss of the whole area according to each plot. The cell observation is suitable for a relatively stable slope formed by disturbing slope soil, spoil and the like, and is one of effective methods for water and soil conservation monitoring.
The utility model discloses a chinese utility model patent that the bulletin number is CN204989175U discloses an assembled soil and water conservation runoff district monitoring system, and specifically disclose the system and include runoff district surrounding ridge, the collection groove, the honeycomb duct, the collection flow box, the data acquisition manager, the silt sensor, flow sensor, rain gauge and time relay etc. compare with traditional masonry type runoff district, the district construction cost has been reduced, construction cycle has been shortened, resource reuse has been realized, portable simultaneously, the transportation, easily be used for production construction project soil and water loss monitoring field.
However, it has the following problems: at first this runoff district monitoring system function singleness does not possess the ability that multidisciplinary combines together and improves the detection reliability, and this district detecting system is inconvenient when detecting the sample in addition, and the sample detection accuracy is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a raspberry pi-based water and soil conservation runoff plot monitoring system, and aims to solve the problems of high manufacturing cost, low manufacturing efficiency, few functions and low detection accuracy of the conventional plot.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme is as follows:
a water and soil conservation runoff plot monitoring system based on a raspberry group comprises rectangular side stems and a water collecting bucket arranged at the downslope position of the rectangular side stems, wherein a flow guide groove is arranged between the rectangular side stems and the water collecting bucket, a trunk liquid flow monitor, a trunk stem flow monitoring device, a soil temperature and humidity sensor and a data acquisition device are arranged in the rectangular side stems, and a solar storage battery, a rain gauge and a data transmission device are arranged outside the rectangular side stems;
the sampling mechanism is arranged at the position of the water collecting barrel and comprises a driving assembly, a sampling assembly and a material receiving assembly, wherein the driving assembly and the sampling assembly are arranged above the water collecting barrel, the material receiving assembly is arranged below the water collecting barrel, and a plurality of sampling assemblies are arranged;
the sampling assembly moves downwards under the drive of the drive assembly, and automatically samples a plurality of point positions in the water collecting barrel along the vertical direction, and after sampling is completed, samples in the sampling assembly are transferred into the material receiving assembly.
Preferably, the driving assembly comprises a support and a screw rod, a nut is fixed on the support, the screw rod is matched with the nut, a gear a is coaxially and fixedly connected to the lower end portion of the screw rod, and a supporting disk rotatably connected with the lower end portion of the screw rod is arranged below the gear a.
Preferably, the sampling assembly comprises a sampling barrel rotatably arranged on the supporting plate and a gear b coaxially and fixedly connected to the upper end of the sampling barrel, and the gear b is meshed with the gear a;
the end part of the bracket is also fixed with a limiting rod which is in running fit with the gear b and passes through a through hole arranged on the gear b to extend into the sampling barrel.
As a preferred, connect the material subassembly including fix the lift piece in the sump barrel bottom, a plurality of bracing pieces that go up and down and fix the shutoff piece at the bracing piece tip under the lift piece drives, set up a plurality of discharge openings with sampling bucket position one-to-one on the bottom surface of sump barrel, shutoff piece and discharge opening sliding seal cooperation.
Preferably, the sampling buckets are arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the water collecting bucket.
Preferably, the end of the block is provided with a taper.
Preferably, the upper end of the screw shaft is provided with a turning handle.
Preferably, the trunk stem flow monitoring device is used for measuring in a mode of connecting a tipping bucket type rain gauge by arranging a spiral diversion trench along the trunk.
Preferably, the rain gauge and the data transmission device use a SIM card to remotely download data through the Internet.
Preferably, the diversion trench is trapezoidal, the rectangular side stems are made of stainless steel materials through a seamless welding technology, the manufacturing period is short, the cost is saved, the interference on the internal environment of the community is small, and the data can be observed and obtained after the diversion trench is installed;
in addition, the stainless steel plate is embedded with 0.3m of soil, and the outside of the stainless steel plate is exposed by 0.2m, so that the stability of an internal monitoring area is ensured, the interference outside the monitoring area is effectively eliminated and resisted, and the accuracy of data acquisition is ensured.
Preferably, the runoff plot is designed into three or more repeatedly connected combined plots by virtue of the long sides of the rectangular side peduncles; it should be noted that carry out a plurality of districts joint design according to the experiment requirement, conveniently carry out different control experiments to the parallelly connected construction save material in a plurality of runoff districts, more nimble practical conveniently carries out vegetation and the monitoring experiment of soil preparation engineering bivariate, also provides technical support to multivariable experimental study even.
As a further preference, a small meteorological station is built beside the runoff cell for high-frequency meteorological data collection. After each rainfall event, collecting the volume of surface runoff and soil loss samples, installing a metal bucket with the width of 0.55 meter and the height of 1 meter at the bottom of each plot for measurement, carrying out vegetation investigation at different research sites in order to determine the influence of the land preparation technology on the surface runoff and the soil loss, recording the diameter and the average height of the base of the tree by using a diameter adhesive tape, and measuring the height of a canopy by using an inclinometer; the size of the land preparation was recorded during the field investigation.
Rainfall, intensity and duration were recorded 5-10 months during the growing season of the survey year. The depth of rainfall was measured with an accuracy of 0.2m using a tilt rain gauge connected to a data logger. Rainfall characteristics such as duration, average intensity, and maximum intensity for 10 and 30 minutes were calculated accordingly. For the runoff sediment collecting device, runoff and sediment sensors can be adopted for direct collection, or manual collection is adopted, namely runoff mixed with sediment discharged by each runoff plot is collected after each rainfall event, the volume is recorded, the sediment is separated from water after 24 hours of sedimentation, the sediment is dried in a drying oven at 105 ℃ for 8 hours, and then the sediment is weighed; manually or automatically recording runoff and sediment yield after each rainfall event; the utility model discloses well adoption manual work is collected, and utilizes sampling mechanism to take a sample a plurality of positions in to the water catch bowl, reduces uncertain factor and causes the sample deviation, guarantees follow-up detection data's reliability.
To sum up, compare with prior art the utility model has the advantages of it is following:
1. the utility model discloses a set up drive assembly, sampling subassembly and connect the material subassembly three to cooperate for can rotate through the manual work and tak away the sample of silt in the water catch bowl comparatively conveniently, and from top to bottom vertical sample mode of inserting to the water catch bowl bottom, make the sample of taking out more even, more representative, avoided silt in the water catch bowl because the layering leads to ordinary sample to be difficult to reach the even problem of sample.
2. The utility model further improves the sampling accuracy by arranging a plurality of sampling barrels along the circumferential mode array of the water collecting barrel, and avoids the problem that the single sampling does not have representativeness due to uneven distribution of silt at each point in the horizontal direction in the water collecting barrel caused by objective factors; in addition, the sampling barrel adopts a rotating and downward moving mode, and the downward moving is smoother.
3. The utility model uses stainless steel plates to construct the cell, four ends are welded, the technology is mature and firm, and the installation is rapid; when the periphery of the side peduncle is constructed, the internal interference-free operation can be kept, local minimally invasive destruction is realized outside the cell, and data can be observed and obtained immediately after installation; the system adopts one cell as a contrast under the condition of covering the same vegetation, the soil preparation measure of the cell is changed into a natural slope, and the other two cells keep the original soil preparation measures, such as fish scale pits or reverse slope tables, and the like, so that the effective contrast and seamless connection of the engineering measures and the slope under the same vegetation type and the coverage are ensured, and the research on the soil preparation keeping effect under different vegetation soil preparation combined modes is easy to develop; the utility model discloses a have multidimension degree monitoring module, can carry out the monitoring of data such as multiple meteorology, hydrology, soil, microclimate and microtopography in step, monitoring data is three-dimensional more, comprehensive and high continuity, can form the coupling of the meteorology in the true sense, ecology, hydrology and geomorphology process.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cutaway schematic view of a runoff plot monitoring system;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a runoff plot monitoring system;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the receiving assembly;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the sampling assembly in operation;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of FIG. 4 at A;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a state when the material receiving assembly receives material;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving assembly;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a sampling assembly;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a stent;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of the deployment instrument.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, a raspberry group-based water and soil conservation runoff plot monitoring system comprises a rectangular side stem 1 and a water collecting bucket 2 arranged at a downhill position of the rectangular side stem 1, wherein a flow guide groove 3 is arranged between the rectangular side stem 1 and the water collecting bucket 2, a trunk liquid flow monitor, a trunk stem flow monitoring device, a soil temperature and humidity sensor and a data acquisition device are arranged in the rectangular side stem 1, and a solar storage battery, a rain gauge and a data transmission device are arranged outside the rectangular side stem 1;
the water collecting barrel 2 is provided with a sampling mechanism 4, the sampling mechanism 4 comprises a driving assembly 41 and a sampling assembly 42 which are arranged above the water collecting barrel 2, and a material receiving assembly 43 which is arranged below the water collecting barrel 2, and the sampling assemblies 42 are provided with a plurality of sampling assemblies;
the sampling assembly 42 is driven by the driving assembly 41 to move downwards while rotating to sample a plurality of point positions in the water collecting barrel 2 along the vertical direction, and after sampling is completed, the sample in the sampling assembly 42 is transferred into the material receiving assembly 43.
Further, the driving assembly 41 includes a bracket 411 and a screw 412, a nut 413 is fixed on the bracket 411, the screw 412 is matched with the nut 413, a gear a414 is coaxially and fixedly connected to a lower end of the screw 412, and a supporting plate 415 rotatably connected to a lower end of the screw 412 is disposed below the gear a 414.
Further, the sampling assembly 42 comprises a sampling barrel 421 rotatably disposed on the support plate 415 and a gear b422 coaxially and fixedly connected to the upper end of the sampling barrel 421, wherein the gear b422 is engaged with the gear a 414;
a limiting rod 416 is further fixed at the end of the support 411, the limiting rod 416 is rotatably matched with the gear b422, and penetrates through a through hole 4221 formed in the gear b422 to extend into the sampling barrel 421.
Further, the material receiving assembly 43 comprises a lifting member 431 fixed at the bottom of the water collecting barrel 2, a plurality of support rods 432 driven by the lifting member 431 to lift, and a blocking block 433 fixed at the end of the support rods 432, wherein a plurality of discharge holes 21 corresponding to the sampling barrel 421 are formed in the bottom surface of the water collecting barrel 2, and the blocking block 433 is in sliding sealing fit with the discharge holes 21; when the plugging block 433 is pushed down to take out the sample in the sampling bucket 421 as shown in fig. 6, a receiving device is arranged below the plugging block to receive the sample.
It is worth mentioning that in this embodiment, cooperate through setting up drive assembly 41, sampling component 42 and material receiving component 43 three for can rotate the sample of takakoff sediment in the sump bucket comparatively conveniently through the manual work, and from top to bottom vertically insert to the sample mode of sump bucket bottom, make the sample of taking out more even, more representative, avoided in the sump bucket sediment because the layering appears and lead to ordinary sample to be difficult to reach the even problem of sample.
Further, the end of the blocking block 433 is provided with a taper portion 434, and here, by providing the taper portion 434, the silt in the sampling barrel 421 can flow into the receiving device for receiving the sample as completely as possible, so as to avoid a part remaining at the end of the blocking block 433.
Further, the upper end of the screw 412 is provided with a turning handle 5.
Further, trunk stem flow monitoring facilities is through setting up spiral guiding gutter along the trunk, and the mode of connecting tipping bucket formula rain gauge is measured.
Further, the rain gauge and the data transmission device adopt an SIM card mode to remotely download data through the Internet.
Furthermore, the diversion trench 3 is designed into a trapezoid shape, and the rectangular side stem 1 is made of stainless steel material.
Example two
As shown in fig. 8, the present embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment in terms of structure and operation principle, except that the sampling buckets 421 are further arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the water collecting bucket 2.
In this embodiment, set up a plurality of sampling buckets through the circumference mode array along the water catch bowl, further improved the accuracy of sample, avoided objective factor to lead to in the water catch bowl each position silt maldistribution in the horizontal direction to lead to single sample not to possess the representative problem.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 10, the structure and the working principle of the present embodiment are basically the same as those of the second embodiment, except that a small weather station is built beside the runoff cell for high-frequency weather data collection; after each rainfall event, collecting the volume of surface runoff and soil loss samples, installing a metal bucket with the width of 0.55 meter and the height of 1 meter at the bottom of each plot for measurement, carrying out vegetation investigation at different research sites in order to determine the influence of the land preparation technology on the surface runoff and the soil loss, recording the diameter and the average height of the base of the tree by using a diameter adhesive tape, and measuring the height of a canopy by using an inclinometer; the size of the land preparation was recorded during the field investigation.
Rainfall, intensity and duration were recorded at 510 months of the growth season of the survey year. The depth of rainfall was measured with an accuracy of 0.2mm using a tilt rain gauge connected to a data logger. Rainfall characteristics such as duration, average intensity, and maximum intensity for 10 and 30 minutes were calculated accordingly. For the runoff sediment collecting device, runoff and sediment sensors can be adopted for direct collection, or manual collection is adopted, namely runoff mixed with sediment discharged by each runoff plot is collected after each rainfall event, the volume is recorded, the sediment is separated from water after 24 hours of sedimentation, the sediment is dried in a drying oven at 105 ℃ for 8 hours, and then the sediment is weighed; manually or automatically recording runoff and sediment yield after each rainfall event; the utility model discloses well adoption manual collection, and utilize sampling mechanism to take a sample a plurality of positions in the water catch bowl, reduce uncertain factor and cause the sample deviation, guarantee follow-up detection data's reliability, runoff silt collection device in figure 10 embodiment promptly water catch bowl and sampling mechanism.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but is capable of other modifications and variations within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A water and soil conservation runoff plot monitoring system based on raspberry groups comprises rectangular side stems (1) and a water collecting bucket (2) arranged at the downhill position of the rectangular side stems (1), wherein a flow guide groove (3) is arranged between the rectangular side stems (1) and the water collecting bucket (2), and is characterized in that a trunk liquid flow monitor, a trunk stem flow monitoring device, a soil temperature and humidity sensor and a data acquisition device are arranged in the rectangular side stems (1), and a solar storage battery, a rain gauge and a data transmission device are arranged outside the rectangular side stems (1);
the sampling device is characterized in that a sampling mechanism (4) is arranged at the position of the water collecting barrel (2), the sampling mechanism (4) comprises a driving assembly (41) and a sampling assembly (42) which are arranged above the water collecting barrel (2) and a material receiving assembly (43) which is arranged below the water collecting barrel (2), and a plurality of sampling assemblies (42) are arranged;
the sampling assembly (42) moves downwards under the drive of the drive assembly (41) and automatically samples a plurality of point positions in the water collecting barrel (2) along the vertical direction, and after sampling is completed, samples in the sampling assembly (42) are transferred into the material receiving assembly (43).
2. The raspberry pi based soil and water conservation runoff plot monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the driving assembly (41) comprises a bracket (411) and a lead screw (412), a nut (413) is fixed on the bracket (411), the lead screw (412) is matched with the nut (413), a gear a (414) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the lower end of the lead screw (412), and a supporting disk (415) rotatably connected with the lower end of the lead screw (412) is arranged below the gear a (414).
3. The raspberry-based soil and water conservation runoff plot monitoring system of claim 2, wherein the sampling assembly (42) comprises a sampling barrel (421) rotatably disposed on the support plate (415) and a gear b (422) coaxially and fixedly connected to the upper end of the sampling barrel (421), the gear b (422) meshing with the gear a (414);
a limiting rod (416) is further fixed to the end portion of the support (411), the limiting rod (416) is in rotating fit with the gear b (422), and penetrates through a through hole (4221) formed in the gear b (422) to extend into the sampling barrel (421).
4. The raspberry pi based soil and water conservation runoff plot monitoring system of claim 3, wherein the receiving assembly (43) comprises a lifting member (431) fixed at the bottom of the water collection tank (2), a plurality of support rods (432) driven by the lifting member (431) to lift, and a blocking block (433) fixed at the end of the support rods (432), a plurality of discharge holes (21) corresponding to the sampling tanks (421) are formed in the bottom surface of the water collection tank (2), and the blocking block (433) is in sliding sealing fit with the discharge holes (21).
5. The raspberry pi based soil and water conservation runoff plot monitoring system of claim 3, wherein the sampling buckets (421) are arranged in an array along a circumferential direction of the collection bucket (2).
6. The raspberry-based soil and water conservation runoff plot monitoring system of claim 4, wherein the end of the blocking block (433) is provided with a taper (434).
7. The raspberry pi based soil and water conservation runoff plot monitoring system of claim 2 wherein the upper end of the leadscrew (412) is provided with a turning handle (5).
8. The raspberry pi based soil and water conservation runoff plot monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the trunk stem flow monitoring device measures by connecting a dump bucket rain gauge by providing a spiral diversion trench along the trunk.
9. The raspberry pi based soil and water conservation runoff plot monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the rain gauge and data transfer device uses a SIM card for internet remote data download.
10. The raspberry pi based water and soil conservation runoff plot monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the diversion trench (3) is trapezoidal, the rectangular side stems (1) are made of stainless steel material, part of the rectangular side stems (1) is embedded in soil, and the rest is exposed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920508769.2U CN209858566U (en) | 2019-04-15 | 2019-04-15 | Water and soil conservation runoff plot monitoring system based on raspberry group |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920508769.2U CN209858566U (en) | 2019-04-15 | 2019-04-15 | Water and soil conservation runoff plot monitoring system based on raspberry group |
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| CN209858566U true CN209858566U (en) | 2019-12-27 |
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| CN201920508769.2U Expired - Fee Related CN209858566U (en) | 2019-04-15 | 2019-04-15 | Water and soil conservation runoff plot monitoring system based on raspberry group |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113671157A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-11-19 | 武汉山水林草湖生态修复科技有限公司 | Vegetation slope protection water and soil conservation monitoring device and using method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-04-15 CN CN201920508769.2U patent/CN209858566U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113671157A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-11-19 | 武汉山水林草湖生态修复科技有限公司 | Vegetation slope protection water and soil conservation monitoring device and using method thereof |
| CN113671157B (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2024-05-31 | 武汉山水林草湖生态修复科技有限公司 | Monitoring device for water and soil conservation of vegetation slope protection and application method thereof |
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