CN209811253U - Indexable insert and cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides an indexable insert and a cutter, wherein the indexable insert comprises an insert body, and a fixing surface for fixing the insert body is provided with an arc-shaped bulge; the pressing plate is provided with a groove matched with the arc-shaped bulge of the indexable blade; the cutter comprises a cutter bar and a cutter head, wherein the cutter head is provided with a blade clamping groove, the indexable blade is fixed in the blade clamping groove through a pressing element, and the pressing element comprises a pressing plate screw, a spring and a pressing plate; the arc-shaped bulge of the blade body fixing surface is mutually clamped with the groove of the pressing plate; compared with the indexable insert without the hole in the prior art, the circular-arc-shaped protrusion is matched with the corresponding groove, so that the pressing plate generates backward pulling force on the protrusion part, the repeated positioning precision of the indexable insert is ensured, and meanwhile, when the indexable insert with smaller volume under special working conditions is installed on the cutter body by adopting the pressing element, the hole does not need to be formed, the strength of the indexable insert is ensured, and the repeated positioning precision can also be ensured.

Description

Indexable insert and cutter

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of turning tools, in particular to an indexable insert and a tool.

Background

The turning process is to process a rotating workpiece by using a turning tool fixedly arranged on a lathe, and the turning tool makes linear or curvilinear motion in a plane to obtain a product with a rotary surface.

The turning tool comprises a tool body and an indexable insert fixedly arranged on the tool body. The indexable inserts on the market at present are mainly indexable inserts with a positioning hole in the center. Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing an assembly structure in which a perforated indexable insert is mounted to a cutter body by a pressing member, wherein the cutter body includes a cutter bar 001 and a cutter head 002, an insert pocket 003 for mounting the indexable insert is formed in the cutter head 002, and an indexable insert 004 is mounted in the insert pocket 003, the pressing member generally includes a pressing screw 005, a pressing plate 006 and a spring 007, and fig. 2 and 3 show that, during pressing down of the pressing plate, the pressing plate is positioned by means of a pressing force F1 between a plane of the pressing plate and an upper surface of the indexable insert, and the pressing plate exerts a backward pulling force F2 on the indexable insert by means of an inclined surface of the pressing plate, so that the positioning accuracy of the indexable insert when.

However, for the indexable insert with a smaller volume under special working conditions, if the indexable insert with holes is made, the hole wall of the indexable insert is too thin, and the strength of the indexable insert is reduced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The application provides a cutter, but the pull force after this cutter's indexable insert and clamp plate cooperation can produce to when solving to the less indexable insert of volume under the special operating mode and making foraminiferous indexable insert, can make the pore wall of indexable insert too thin, reduce the problem of the intensity of indexable insert.

The application provides an indexable insert, including the blade body, be used for fixing on the blade body be equipped with circular-arc arch on the stationary plane of blade body.

In one implementation, the rounded protrusion is transitionally connected with the upper surface of the insert body through a circular arc.

In an achievable form, the cross-section of the insert body is circular or polygonal, the cross-section being a section parallel to the fixing surface.

In an achievable form, the radiused convex bottom end diameter D1 comprises 30-40% of the inscribed circle diameter D2 of the indexable insert cross-section.

In an achievable manner, the rounded protrusion height H amounts to 35-40% of the total thickness B of the indexable insert.

The application further provides a cutter comprising the indexable insert and the pressing plate, wherein the pressing plate is provided with a groove matched with the circular arc-shaped bulge of the indexable insert.

In an achievable mode, the cutter further comprises a cutter bar and a cutter head, the cutter head is provided with a blade clamping groove, the indexable blade is fixed in the blade clamping groove through a pressing element, and the pressing element comprises a pressing plate screw, a spring and a pressing plate;

the arc-shaped bulge of the blade body fixing surface is mutually clamped with the groove of the pressing plate;

the pressing plate is in threaded connection with the cutter head through the pressing plate screw;

the spring is arranged in a screw hole of the cutter head in threaded connection with the pressing plate screw, and elastic force is generated in the axial direction of the pressing plate screw.

In an implementation, a shim is provided in the insert pocket on the underside of the indexable insert, the shim being connected to the insert pocket by a shim hold-down screw.

In an achievable mode, the cutter head comprises a reference surface, a first side surface and a second side surface, wherein the reference surface is provided with a screw hole matched with the pressure plate screw, and the first side surface is adjacent to the second side surface;

the top angle formed by the reference surface, the first side surface and the second side surface is provided with an insert clamping groove used for mounting the indexable insert from the reference surface to the inside of the tool bit;

the pressing plate is provided with a through hole matched with the screw hole;

the spring is arranged in the screw hole, and the pressing plate screw sequentially penetrates through the through hole and the spring to be connected with the screw hole;

the screw hole is a stepped hole, the upper part of the stepped hole is a straight hole, and the lower part of the stepped hole is provided with an internal thread;

the reference surface is connected with the cutter bar through a first inclined surface, and a second inclined surface matched with the first inclined surface is arranged on the pressing plate;

the joint of the first inclined plane and the cutter bar is provided with a positioning hole, and the pressing plate is provided with a positioning bolt matched with the positioning hole.

The application provides a cutter, including blade body upper surface be equipped with circular-arc bellied indexable insert and have with the clamp plate of the circular-arc bellied matched with recess of indexable insert, the circular-arc arch of the indexable insert of this application cooperates with the recess that corresponds for the clamp plate produces backward back tension to the bulge, has guaranteed the repeated positioning accuracy of indexable insert, compare with prior art, when adopting the hold-down element to install in the cutter body to the less indexable insert of volume under the special operating mode, need not the trompil, through the cooperation of circular-arc arch and recess, can also guarantee the repeated positioning accuracy when having guaranteed the intensity of indexable insert.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a prior art tool;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an indexable insert provided in this embodiment;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of another indexable insert provided in this embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 5;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of another indexable insert provided in this embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a side view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a top view of FIG. 8;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of a pressing plate structure provided in this embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of another angle of a pressing plate according to this embodiment;

fig. 12 is an exploded view of a tool according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 13 is an exploded view of another angle of a tool according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a top view of FIG. 13;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the cutter provided in this embodiment after being mounted;

fig. 16 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 15.

Description of the reference numerals

1-blade body, 11-arc-shaped protrusion, 12-arc, 2-pressing plate, 21-groove, 22-second inclined plane, 23-positioning bolt, 24-through hole, 31-cutter bar, 32-cutter head, 321-blade clamping groove, 322-datum plane, 323-first side plane, 324-second side plane, 325-first inclined plane, 326-screw hole, 327-positioning hole, 4-spring and 5-pressing plate screw.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

In the indexable insert with holes in the prior art, when the indexable insert is installed by adopting a pressing element, the indexable insert with holes can ensure the repeated installation precision of the indexable insert by virtue of downward pressing force and backward pulling force, but the indexable insert with holes can not ensure the strength of the indexable insert under the condition of small volume of the indexable insert under special working conditions because the hole is formed in the center of the indexable insert under the condition of small volume of the indexable insert. In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the application provides an indexable insert, a pressing plate matched with the indexable insert and a cutter with the indexable insert and the pressing plate.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an indexable insert provided in this embodiment, which includes an insert body 1, wherein a fixing surface of the insert body 1 for fixing the insert body 1 is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion, and an upward surface of the insert body 1 in fig. 4 and 7 is a fixing surface of the insert body 1.

The structure of the blade body 1 is not limited, and may be a frustum structure, and the cross section of the blade body 1 may be a circle or a polygon, wherein the cross section is a section parallel to the fixing surface, and the shape of the cross section is a shape cut along a plane parallel to the fixing surface.

Fig. 4-9 show the cross-section of the insert body 1 as square, diamond and triangular, respectively. The indexable insert provided by the embodiment of the application changes the idea of opening or not opening holes in the prior art, but is provided with the arc-shaped protrusion 11 on the fixed surface of the insert body 1 under the condition that the shape and structure of the existing indexable insert are not changed. Even if the indexable insert is applied to the condition of requiring smaller volume, the strength of the indexable insert cannot be influenced without opening holes.

The circular arc-shaped protrusion 11 can be in a hemispherical shape or other circular arc structures.

It should be noted that, in the present application, the connection mode of the circular arc protrusion 11 and the insert body 1 is not limited, and the circular arc protrusion 11 and the insert body 1 may be integrally formed, which further ensures the strength of the circular arc protrusion 11 during use. The circular arc-shaped protrusion 11 and the insert body 1 can also be welded or connected in other ways, and in such a way, the circular arc-shaped protrusion 11 can be directly welded on the basis of the existing indexable insert without holes.

The arc-shaped protrusion 11 and the fixed surface of the blade body 1 are in transition connection through the arc 12, and the stress of the arc-shaped protrusion 11 can be buffered in the transition connection mode through the arc 12, so that the arc-shaped protrusion 11 is prevented from being broken.

The position of the circular arc protrusion 11 on the fixing surface of the insert body 1 is not limited, but it is preferable that the circular arc protrusion 11 is provided at the center position of the fixing surface of the insert body 1, so that the circular arc protrusion 11 can be uniformly stressed by the pressing plate in cooperation with the circular arc protrusion without affecting the normal use of the indexable insert after being mounted, thereby ensuring the connection strength of the circular arc protrusion 11.

Referring to fig. 9, the bottom end diameter D1 of the circular arc protrusion accounts for 30% -40% of the diameter D2 of the inscribed circle of the cross section of the indexable insert, the bottom end diameter D1 of the circular arc protrusion refers to the maximum diameter of the place where the circular arc protrusion 11 borders the insert body 1, and when the bottom end diameter D1 of the circular arc protrusion accounts for more than 30% -40% of the diameter D2 of the inscribed circle of the cross section of the insert, the position of the pressure plate matched with the circular arc protrusion 11 is too far forward, which further affects the installation and use of the indexable insert; when the ratio of the diameter D1 of the bottom end of the circular arc protrusion to the diameter D2 of the inscribed circle of the cross section of the indexable insert is less than 30-40%, the strength of the circular arc protrusion 11 is insufficient, and the circular arc protrusion is easy to break from the bottom after being stressed when the circular arc protrusion is matched with a pressing plate for use, so that when the diameter D1 of the bottom end of the circular arc protrusion accounts for 30-40% of the diameter D2 of the inscribed circle of the cross section of the indexable insert, the indexable insert can be normally installed and used, the strength of the circular arc protrusion 11 can be guaranteed, and. It should be noted that, when the insert body 1 is a circular truncated cone structure, the fixing surface of the indexable insert is circular, and the diameter D2 of the inscribed circle of the cross section of the indexable insert indicates the diameter of the circular fixing surface of the indexable insert.

Referring to fig. 8, the height H of the circular arc-shaped protrusion accounts for 35 to 40% of the total thickness B of the indexable insert. The arcuate projection height H is a vertical distance between the uppermost point of the arcuate projection 11 and the upper surface (fixing surface) of the insert body 1, and the total thickness B of the indexable insert is a vertical distance between the uppermost point of the arcuate projection 11 and the lower surface of the insert body 1. When the height H of the arc-shaped bulge accounts for more than 35-40% of the total thickness B of the indexable insert, the groove of the pressing plate matched with the arc-shaped bulge 11 is also recessed too deeply, in this case, if the size of the pressing plate is increased, the normal use of the indexable insert is affected by the overlarge pressing plate, and if the size of the pressing plate is not increased, the strength of the pressing plate is reduced; when the height H of the arc-shaped bulge accounts for less than 35-40% of the total thickness B of the indexable insert, the arc-shaped bulge 11 cannot be matched with the pressure plate or has an unobvious effect, and meanwhile, the arc-shaped bulge 11 is not high enough and is easy to crack from the bottom during installation. Therefore, when the height H of the circular arc-shaped bulge accounts for 35-40% of the total thickness B of the indexable insert, the optimal matching effect of the circular arc-shaped bulge 11 and the pressing plate can be ensured, the strength of the circular arc-shaped bulge 11 can be ensured, and the circular arc-shaped bulge is not easy to break.

Fig. 10-14 show a schematic structural view of the platen 2 used in cooperation with the boss 11 having a circular arc shape. Compared with the prior art, one end of the pressing plate 2, which is in compression joint with the fixing surface of the blade body 1, is provided with a groove 21 matched with the arc-shaped bulge 11, the pressing plate 2 is further provided with a through hole 24, a positioning bolt 23 and a second inclined surface 22, the through hole 24 is used for a pressing plate screw 5 to penetrate through and fix the pressing plate 2 on a cutter, wherein the inner wall of the through hole 24 is not provided with internal threads, and the positioning bolt 23 is inserted into a positioning hole 327 matched with the cutter.

The pressure plate 2 is part of a clamping element for fixing the indexable insert to the tool, and the pressure plate 2 is required to cooperate with a pressure plate screw 5 and a spring 4 when in use. The use of the press plate in cooperation with the cutter is described in detail below.

Fig. 12-15 show a schematic view of the construction of an indexable insert with a circular-arc-shaped projection 11 and a tool with a press plate 2 cooperating therewith. The cutter also comprises a cutter bar 31 and a cutter head 32, the cutter head 32 is provided with a blade clamping groove 321, the indexable blade is fixed in the blade clamping groove 321 through a pressing element, and the pressing element comprises a pressing plate screw 5, a spring 4 and a pressing plate 2; the arc-shaped protrusion 11 on the fixed surface of the blade body 1 is mutually clamped with the groove 21 of the pressing plate 2, the pressing plate 2 is in threaded connection with the cutter head 32 through the pressing plate screw 5, the spring 4 is arranged in the screw hole 326 of the cutter head 32 in threaded connection with the pressing plate screw 5, and elasticity is generated in the axial direction of the pressing plate screw 5.

The tool is a manner of securing the indexable insert to the insert head 32 using a compression element. When the pressing plate 2 is fixed to the cutter head 32 by the pressing plate screw 5 and the spring 4, the concave groove 21 of the pressing plate 2 is in press contact with the arc-shaped protrusion 11 on the upper surface of the blade body 1.

Referring to fig. 12 to 15, the tool tip 32 includes a reference surface 322, a first side surface 323, and a second side surface 324, the first side surface 323 is adjacent to the second side surface 324, the reference surface 322 is a surface provided with a screw hole 326, wherein an insert pocket 321 for mounting an indexable insert is opened from the reference surface 322 to the inside of the tool tip 32 at a vertex angle formed by the reference surface 322, the first side surface 323, and the second side surface 324; the joint of the insert clamping groove 321 and the reference surface 322 is of a V-shaped structure, after the indexable insert is installed in the insert clamping groove 321, the arc-shaped protrusion 11 of the fixing surface of the insert body 1 is mutually clamped with the groove 21 of the pressing plate 2, referring to fig. 16, the pressing plate 2 gives a downward pressing force F2 to the indexable insert so that the bottom surface of the insert is tightly attached to the bottom surface of the insert clamping groove 321, and the pressing plate 2 also gives a backward pulling force F1 to the indexable insert so that two side surfaces of the indexable insert are tightly attached to the V-shaped structure surface of the insert clamping groove 321, thereby realizing accurate positioning of the indexable insert.

A first inclined plane 325 is arranged between the reference plane 322 of the tool bit 32 and the tool bar 31, and a second inclined plane 22 matched with the first inclined plane 325 is arranged on the pressure plate 2; a positioning hole 327 is arranged at the joint of the first inclined plane 325 and the cutter bar 31, and a positioning bolt 23 matched with the positioning hole 327 is arranged on the pressure plate 2; the reference surface 322 is provided with a screw hole 326 matched with the pressure plate screw 5, and the pressure plate 2 is provided with a through hole 24 matched with the screw hole 326; the spring 4 is arranged in the screw hole 326, and the pressure plate screw 5 sequentially passes through the through hole 24 and the spring 5 to be connected with the screw hole 326. Wherein, in order to align the pressing plate 2 with the tool bit 32 quickly and facilitate installation, the through hole 24 on the pressing plate 2 is set to be a straight hole structure without internal threads on the inner wall. The screw hole 326 is a stepped hole, and the upper portion thereof is a straight hole structure, i.e., the inner wall of the upper portion of the screw hole 326 is not provided with an internal thread, the lower portion of the screw hole 326 is provided with an internal thread, and the internal diameter of the internal thread of the lower portion of the screw hole 326 is smaller than the internal diameter of the straight hole structure of the upper portion of the screw hole 326.

The matching process of the pressing element and the cutter is that the groove 21 of the pressing plate 2 is aligned with the circular arc-shaped bulge 11 of the indexable insert, the spring 4 is placed in the screw hole 326 after the positioning bolt 23 of the pressing plate 2 is aligned with the positioning hole 327, the pressing plate screw 5 passes through the through hole 24 of the pressing plate 2 to be in threaded connection with the screw hole 326 on the cutter head 32, and the spring 4 is arranged in the screw hole 326 to play the role of: after the pressing plate 2 is tightly pressed with the cutter head 32, on one hand, the spring 4 generates a reaction force to the pressing plate 2, so that the pressing plate screw 5 can be prevented from loosening; on the other hand, the tool can absorb vibration generated by cutting impact, protect the indexable insert and prolong the cutting life.

The reason why the pressure plate 2 gives the indexable insert a rearward pulling force F1 is that: in the process of pressing down the pressing plate 2, the first inclined surface 325 of the cutter head 32 is matched and jointed with the second inclined surface 22 of the pressing plate 2, and then the groove 21 of the pressing plate 2 generates backward pulling force F1 on the circular arc-shaped bulge 11 part of the indexable insert, so that the indexable insert can be tightly jointed with the V-shaped structure of the insert clamping groove 321, and the positioning precision is ensured.

In one embodiment, a shim is disposed in the insert pocket 321 on the underside of the indexable insert and is coupled to the insert pocket 321 by a shim hold down screw. The bottom of the blade clamping groove 321 is provided with a shim pressing screw hole matched with the shim pressing screw, the shim is provided with a shim straight hole matched with the shim pressing screw, the shim pressing screw sequentially penetrates through the shim straight hole of the shim and the shim pressing screw hole at the bottom of the blade clamping groove 321 to be fixed in the blade clamping groove 321, the upper end of the shim is further provided with an indexable blade, the clamping element clamps the shim and the indexable blade tightly, and the shim plays a role in protecting a cutter and determining the position of the blade.

For the indexable insert without holes, in the case of mounting the indexable insert by using the pressing member, the indexable insert can be pressed only on the cutter, and backward back tension cannot be generated, and therefore, the repeated mounting accuracy of the indexable insert cannot be ensured; on the basis of the existing blade without a hole, the arc-shaped bulge 11 is arranged on the fixing surface of the blade body 1, and the arc-shaped bulge 11 is matched with the pressing plate 2 with the groove 21, so that the blade body 1 can be fixed in the blade clamping groove 321, backward back tension can be generated, and the repeated installation precision of the indexable blade can be further ensured.

This application is provided with circular-arc arch 11 on the stationary plane through the blade body at but the transposition blade, and the cooperation has clamp plate 2 of recess 21 for 2 at the clamp plate pushing down the in-process, produce two power to but the transposition blade: one is that the pressing plate 2 generates downward pressing force on the indexable insert so that the bottom surface of the indexable insert is pressed against the bottom surface of the insert clamping groove 321; the second is that the pressing plate 2 generates backward pulling force to the indexable insert, so that two side surfaces (positioning surfaces) of the indexable insert are tightly attached to the V-shaped structure of the insert clamping groove 321, and in summary, when the indexable insert with the arc-shaped protrusion 11 on the fixing surface is installed in cooperation with the pressing plate 2 with the groove 21, the backward pulling force is generated under the condition that the indexable insert does not need to be provided with a hole, and the repeated installation and positioning accuracy of the indexable insert can be ensured. The indexable insert of the present application is suitable for the situation when requiring the insert volume less under the special operating mode, the reason is: the tool indexable insert is characterized in that the arc-shaped protrusion 11 is arranged on the upper surface of the insert body and matched with the pressing plate 2 with the groove 21, on one hand, holes do not need to be formed in the indexable insert, so that the strength of the indexable insert is ensured, on the other hand, the arc-shaped protrusion 11 is matched with the groove 21 to generate back tension, so that the repeated installation precision of the indexable insert can be ensured.

The indexable insert and the pressing plate of the embodiment of the application solve the problems that the indexable insert without holes cannot generate back tension and cannot ensure repeated installation and positioning accuracy in the prior art, and also solve the problems that the indexable insert with holes is small in size under special working conditions in the prior art, if the indexable insert with holes is made, the hole wall of the indexable insert is too thin, the strength of the indexable insert is reduced, and if the indexable insert without holes is made, the repeated positioning accuracy in installation cannot be ensured.

The present application has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to limit the application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the presently disclosed embodiments and implementations thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these fall within the scope of the present disclosure. The protection scope of this application is subject to the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. An indexable insert is characterized by comprising an insert body, wherein an arc-shaped protrusion is arranged on a fixing surface of the insert body for fixing the insert body, the bottom end diameter D1 of the arc-shaped protrusion accounts for 30% -40% of the diameter D2 of an inscribed circle of the cross section of the indexable insert, the height H of the arc-shaped protrusion accounts for 35% -40% of the total thickness B of the indexable insert, and the cross section is a section parallel to the fixing surface.

2. The indexable insert of claim 1 wherein the radiused protrusion is transitionally connected to the seating surface of the insert body by a radius.

3. The indexable insert of claim 1 wherein the insert body has a circular or polygonal cross-section, the cross-section being a section parallel to the seating surface.

4. A cutting tool comprising the indexable insert of any one of claims 1 to 3 and a pressing plate, wherein the pressing plate is provided with a groove for matching with the circular arc-shaped protrusion of the indexable insert of any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The tool according to claim 4, wherein the tool further comprises a tool holder and a tool bit, the tool bit is provided with a blade slot, the indexable blade is fixed in the blade slot by a compression element, and the compression element comprises a compression plate screw, a spring and a compression plate;

the arc-shaped bulge of the blade body fixing surface is mutually clamped with the groove of the pressing plate;

the pressing plate is in threaded connection with the cutter head through the pressing plate screw;

the spring is arranged in a screw hole of the cutter head in threaded connection with the pressing plate screw, and elastic force is generated in the axial direction of the pressing plate screw.

6. The tool according to claim 5, wherein a shim is provided in the insert pocket on a lower side of the indexable insert, the shim being connected to the insert pocket by a shim hold-down screw.

7. The tool according to claim 5, wherein the tool bit comprises a reference surface, a first side surface and a second side surface, wherein the reference surface is provided with a screw hole matched with the pressure plate screw, and the first side surface is adjacent to the second side surface;

the top angle formed by the reference surface, the first side surface and the second side surface is provided with an insert clamping groove used for mounting the indexable insert from the reference surface to the inside of the tool bit;

the pressing plate is provided with a through hole matched with the screw hole;

the spring is arranged in the screw hole, and the pressing plate screw sequentially penetrates through the through hole and the spring to be connected with the screw hole;

the screw hole is a stepped hole, the upper part of the stepped hole is a straight hole, and the lower part of the stepped hole is provided with an internal thread;

the reference surface is connected with the cutter bar through a first inclined surface, and a second inclined surface matched with the first inclined surface is arranged on the pressing plate;

the joint of the first inclined plane and the cutter bar is provided with a positioning hole, and the pressing plate is provided with a positioning bolt matched with the positioning hole.