CN209800038U - S-CO2Nuclear power generation system with cycle and ORC cycle combined - Google Patents
S-CO2Nuclear power generation system with cycle and ORC cycle combined Download PDFInfo
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- CN209800038U CN209800038U CN201920598420.2U CN201920598420U CN209800038U CN 209800038 U CN209800038 U CN 209800038U CN 201920598420 U CN201920598420 U CN 201920598420U CN 209800038 U CN209800038 U CN 209800038U
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Abstract
S-CO2A cycle and ORC cycle combined nuclear power generation system includes a heat source loop, S-CO2A circulation loop and an ORC loop, wherein the nuclear power plant loop is used as a heat source loop, and heat is transferred to S-CO through a high-temperature heat exchanger and a low-temperature heat exchanger respectively2Circulation loop and ORC loop, S-CO2the cold source of the circulation loop can be used as a low-temperature heat source of the ORC loop to realize cascade utilization of heat energy. S-CO2The circulating loop adopts a mode of combining pre-compression and split-flow recompression, so that the heat efficiency and the net output work of the circulation can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to a nuclear power generation system, in particular to S-CO2nuclear power generation system combining circulation and ORC circulation and nuclear power generation methodA heat energy circulation method.
background
In today's society, human development faces two major problems: energy and environment are in need of developing new energy, the optimal utilization of various energy sources becomes a key research topic of experts and scholars, and the new clean energy sources are important in resource development. Nuclear energy is a new type of energy, and is a resource that is mainly developed due to its characteristics of cleanliness, no pollution, and the like, and although research on nuclear energy is still focused on nuclear reactors and primary circuits due to nuclear radiation, nuclear leakage, and the like, research on the power generation efficiency of two circuits is relatively rare.
Nowadays, supercritical CO2The Brayton cycle is common in the utilization of nuclear power generation, but the high-temperature heat energy of a primary loop passes through a high-temperature heat exchanger and CO2The temperature is still higher after heat exchange, so that the supercritical CO can be treated2The Brayton cycle and the organic Rankine cycle are combined to generate power. However, supercritical CO2After passing through the low-temperature regenerator, the part of heat is carried away by the cooling medium, so that the part of heat cannot be well utilized, and heat loss is generated.
in the center of the prior art, a split-flow recompression brayton cycle and a rankine cycle are combined for a secondary loop of a nuclear power plant to generate power, and the split-flow recompression brayton cycle only has high cycle thermal efficiency, but the output work of the cycle is not high, so that the utilization rate of heat energy is not high.
And the pre-compression has higher output power, and the combination of the pre-compression and the pre-compression can ensure that the cycle has better cycle thermal efficiency and simultaneously ensures higher output work.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is S-CO2The nuclear power generation system combining the circulation and the ORC circulation and the heat energy circulation method can effectively utilize heat exchange heat in the system and improve the circulation heat efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: S-CO2A cycle and ORC cycle combined nuclear power generation system includes a heat source loop, S-CO2A recycle loop and an ORC loop;
The heat source loop comprises a high-temperature heat exchanger, a low-temperature heat exchanger and a coolant pump, wherein a first inlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger is connected with the nuclear reactor, a first outlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger is connected with a first inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger, and a first outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the coolant pump;
said S-CO2The circulating loop comprises a high-temperature heat exchanger, a high-temperature heat regenerator, a low-temperature heat regenerator and a cooler, the second inlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger is connected with the first outlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator, the second outlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the turbine, the first inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator is connected with the second outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator, the second inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator is connected with the outlet of the turbine, the second outlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator is connected with the inlet of the precompressor, the outlet of the precompressor is connected with the first inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator, the first outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator is connected with the first inlet of the cooler, the first outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator is connected with the inlet of the recompressor, the outlet of the recompressor is connected with the second inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator, the first outlet of the cooler is connected with the inlet of the compressor, and the outlet of the compressor is connected with the second inlet;
The ORC loop comprises a low-temperature heat exchanger, an expander, a condenser, a working medium pump and a cooler, a second outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the expander, a second inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger is connected with a second outlet of the cooler, an outlet of the expander is connected with an inlet of the condenser, an outlet of the condenser is connected with an inlet of the working medium pump, a working medium pump outlet is connected with a second inlet of the cooler, and condensed saturated working medium is sent into the cooler through the working medium pump and then is connected with CO2The gas exchanges heat.
In a preferred embodiment, the S-CO is2using supercritical CO in the circulation loop2As working fluid, ORCIn the way, R123 or R227ea is adopted as a working medium.
in a preferred embodiment, the S-CO is2The cooler in the circulation loop simultaneously serves as a preheater in the ORC loop to preheat the organic working fluid.
in a preferred embodiment, the S-CO is2The organic working medium in the circulation loop is converted into saturated steam or superheated steam through a low-temperature heat exchanger.
In a preferred embodiment, the cooling medium in the condenser is water.
In a preferred embodiment, the turbine is further connected to a first generator, and the expander is further connected to a second generator.
S-CO2a method of thermal energy cycling of a nuclear power generation system with a cycle combined with an ORC cycle, comprising the steps of:
1) Heating the coolant by the nuclear reactor, and then sending the heated coolant into a high-temperature heat exchanger for heating;
2) the coolant heats the CO in a high temperature heat exchanger2gas generation of supercritical CO2A gas;
3) supercritical CO2The gas is sent into a turbine to work and drive a first generator to generate electricity;
4) Supercritical CO2When the gas is sent into the turbine for working, the compressor, the recompression machine and the precompression machine are driven to work;
5) High-temperature low-pressure CO after working2Gas enters the high-temperature heat regenerator and is in contact with CO output by the low-temperature heat regenerator2The gas realizes heat exchange;
6) High-temperature low-pressure CO after heat exchange2Gas is sent into a precompressor to carry out precompression operation;
7) Precompressed CO2the gas enters a low-temperature heat regenerator to exchange heat with the gas mixed flow passing through a compressor and a recompressor;
8) After the heat exchange is finished, the gas flow is divided, one part of the gas flow enters a compressor after passing through a condenser, and the other part of the gas flow enters a recompressor;
9) CO output by compressor and recompressor2After the gases are mixed, the mixed gases respectively absorb the low-temperature heat regeneratorand the heat of the high-temperature heat regenerator enters the high-temperature heat exchanger to realize circulation.
In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
1) preheating the organic working medium of the ORC through a cooler;
2) Sending the preheated organic working medium into a high-temperature heat exchanger for heating;
3) The coolant passing through the high-temperature heat exchanger is sent into the low-temperature heat exchanger again to heat the organic working medium;
4) The heated organic working medium is sent into an expander to be expanded to work, and a second generator is driven to generate electricity;
5) the generated exhaust steam is condensed by a condenser and then is sent into an expander through a working medium pump to absorb S-CO2CO in the cycle2Heat in the process of condensing the working medium;
6) Finally, the mixture enters a low-temperature heat exchanger for heating to form circulation.
In a preferred scheme, the coolant is sent into the nuclear reactor again by a coolant pump after being subjected to heat exchange through a low-temperature heat exchanger to absorb heat generated by nuclear fuel.
The invention provides S-CO2By adopting the structure, the nuclear power generation system combining the circulation and the ORC circulation and the heat energy circulation method can recycle the heat exchange heat in the condenser on the premise of fully utilizing the heat in the primary loop of the nuclear power plant, and simultaneously preheat the organic working medium in the ORC loop, thereby improving the enthalpy value of the working medium entering the low-temperature heat exchanger and improving the heat efficiency of the circulation.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: the system comprises a high-temperature heat exchanger 1, a high-temperature heat regenerator 2, a low-temperature heat regenerator 3, a cooler 4, a compressor 5, a recompressor 6, a precompressor 7, a turbine 8, a low-temperature heat exchanger 9, an expander 10, a condenser 11, a working medium pump 12, a first generator 13, a second generator 14, a nuclear reactor 15 and a coolant pump 16.
Detailed Description
example 1:
As shown in FIG. 1, an S-CO2A cycle and ORC cycle combined nuclear power generation system includes a heat source loop, S-CO2A recycle loop and an ORC loop;
The heat source loop comprises a high-temperature heat exchanger 1, a low-temperature heat exchanger 9 and a coolant pump 16, a first inlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger 1 is connected with a nuclear reactor 15, a first outlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger 1 is connected with a first inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger 9, and a first outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 is connected with an inlet of the coolant pump 16;
said S-CO2The circulating loop comprises a high-temperature heat exchanger 1, a high-temperature heat regenerator 2, a low-temperature heat regenerator 3, a cooler 4, a compressor 5, a recompressor 6, a precompressor 7 and a turbine 8, wherein a second inlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger 1 is connected with a first outlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator 2 and used for receiving CO heated by the high-temperature heat regenerator 22The second outlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger 1 is connected with the inlet of the turbine 8 to heat the high-temperature high-pressure CO2The gas is sent into a turbine 8 to do work through expansion, a first inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator 2 is connected with a second outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 3 and receives CO after heat exchange through the low-temperature heat regenerator 32The second inlet of the high-temperature regenerator 2 is connected with the outlet of the turbine 8 to receive exhaust steam which does work, the second outlet of the high-temperature regenerator 2 is connected with the inlet of the precompressor 7 to connect the high-temperature regenerator 2 with low-temperature CO2the exhaust steam after gas heat exchange is precompressed, the outlet of the precompressor 7 is connected with the first inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 3, the compressed exhaust steam is sent into the low-temperature heat regenerator for heat exchange, the first outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 3 is connected with the first inlet of the cooler 4, the exhaust steam after heat exchange through the low-temperature heat regenerator 3 is condensed, the first outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 3 is connected with the inlet of the recompressor 6, and the split partial CO is condensed2The gas is compressed, the outlet of a recompressor 6 is connected with the second inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 3, and the recompressed CO is compressed2The gas and the compressed gas after cooling are mixed and sent into a low-temperature heat regenerator 3, a first outlet of a cooler 4 is connected with an inlet of a compressor 5, and the cooled gas is compressed and pressedThe outlet of the compressor 5 is connected with the second inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 3 to compress the compressed low-temperature high-pressure CO2The gas is sent into a low-temperature heat regenerator 3 to absorb heat;
The ORC loop comprises a low-temperature heat exchanger 9, an expander 10, a condenser 11, a working medium pump 12 and a cooler 4, wherein a second outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 is connected with an inlet of the expander 10, the working medium heated by the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 is sent into the expander 10 to be expanded to do work, a second inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 is connected with a second outlet of the cooler 4 and is received in the cooler 4 to be connected with a CO2the outlet of the expander 10 is connected with the inlet of the condenser 11 to condense the exhaust steam which does work, the outlet of the condenser 11 is connected with the inlet of the working medium pump 12, the outlet of the working medium pump 12 is connected with the second inlet of the cooler 4, and the condensed saturated working medium is sent into the cooler 4 through the working medium pump 12 to be combined with CO2The gas exchanges heat.
in a preferred embodiment, the S-CO is2using supercritical CO in the circulation loop2As the working fluid, low boiling point organic matter is adopted as the working fluid in the ORC loop, and R123 or R227ea can be selected.
in a preferred embodiment, S-CO2supercritical CO in a combined pre-compression and re-compression mode in the circulation loop2After the expansion work is done in the turbine, the pressure can be reduced to be lower than the critical pressure, then the pre-compressor is used for compressing the pressure to be higher than the critical pressure, and the split-flow recompression is carried out at the same time to improve the problem of the pinch point of the heat exchanger.
In a preferred embodiment, S-CO2A high-temperature regenerator and a low-temperature regenerator are arranged in the circulating loop to improve the utilization efficiency of heat energy.
in a preferred embodiment, S-CO2Cyclically provided with a compressor, a precompressor and a recompressor, firstly for CO2The gas is pre-compressed and then split-flow recompressed.
In a preferred embodiment, the S-CO is2The cooler 4 in the circulation circuit simultaneously serves as a preheater in the ORC circuit for preheating the organic working fluid.
In a preferred embodiment, the S-CO is2In the circulation loop with organicThe working medium is converted into saturated steam or superheated steam through the low-temperature heat exchanger 9.
in a preferred embodiment, the cooling medium in the condenser 11 is water.
In a preferred embodiment, the turbine 8 is further connected to a first generator 13, and the expander 10 is further connected to a second generator 14.
Example 2:
S-CO2A method of thermal energy cycling of a nuclear power generation system with a cycle combined with an ORC cycle, comprising the steps of:
1) The nuclear reactor 15 heats the coolant and then sends the coolant into the high-temperature heat exchanger 1 for heating;
2) The coolant heats the CO in the high temperature heat exchanger 12Gas generation of supercritical CO2A gas;
3) Supercritical CO2The gas is sent into the turbine 8 for working to drive the first generator 13 to generate electricity;
4) Supercritical CO2When the gas is sent into the turbine 8 for working, the compressor 5, the recompression machine 6 and the precompression machine 7 are driven to work;
5) High-temperature low-pressure CO after working2The gas enters the high-temperature heat regenerator 2 and is output with the CO output by the low-temperature heat regenerator 32The gas realizes heat exchange;
6) High-temperature low-pressure CO after heat exchange2the gas is sent into a precompressor 7 for precompression operation;
7) precompressed CO2The gas enters the low-temperature heat regenerator 3 to exchange heat with the gas mixed flow passing through the compressor 5 and the recompressor 6;
8) After the heat exchange is finished, the gas flow is divided, one part enters the compressor 5 after passing through the condenser 11, and the other part enters the recompressor 6;
9) CO output by compressor 5 and recompressor 62After the gas is mixed, the mixed gas respectively absorbs the heat of the low-temperature heat regenerator 3 and the high-temperature heat regenerator 2, and then enters the high-temperature heat exchanger 1 to realize circulation.
In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
1) Preheating the organic working medium of the ORC through a cooler 4;
2) sending the preheated organic working medium into a high-temperature heat exchanger 1 for heating;
3) the coolant passing through the high-temperature heat exchanger 1 is sent into the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 again to heat the organic working medium;
4) the heated organic working medium is sent into an expander 10 to be expanded and do work, and a second generator 14 is driven to generate electricity;
5) The generated dead steam is condensed by a condenser 11 and then sent to an expander 10 through a working medium pump 12 to absorb S-CO2CO in the cycle2heat in the process of condensing the working medium;
6) Finally, the mixture enters a low-temperature heat exchanger 9 for heating to form circulation.
In a preferred scheme, the coolant is sent into the nuclear reactor 15 again by a coolant pump 16 after being subjected to heat exchange through the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 to absorb heat generated by nuclear fuel.
By adopting the structure and the method, the heat exchange heat in the condenser can be recycled on the premise of fully utilizing the heat in the primary circuit of the nuclear power plant, and the organic working medium in the ORC circuit is preheated, so that the enthalpy value of the working medium entering the low-temperature heat exchanger is improved, and the circulating heat efficiency can be improved.
Claims (6)
1. S-CO2the nuclear power generation system combining the circulation and the ORC circulation is characterized in that: comprising a heat source circuit, S-CO2A recycle loop and an ORC loop;
The heat source loop comprises a high-temperature heat exchanger (1), a low-temperature heat exchanger (9) and a coolant pump (16), a first inlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger (1) is connected with the nuclear reactor (15), a first outlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger (1) is connected with a first inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger (9), and a first outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger (9) is connected with an inlet of the coolant pump (16);
said S-CO2the circulating loop comprises a high-temperature heat exchanger (1), a high-temperature heat regenerator (2), a low-temperature heat regenerator (3), a cooler (4), a compressor (5), a recompressor (6), a precompressor (7), a turbine (8) and a high-temperature heat exchangerA second inlet of the heat exchanger (1) is connected with a first outlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator (2), a second outlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger (1) is connected with an inlet of a turbine (8), a first inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator (2) is connected with a second outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator (3), a second inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator (2) is connected with an outlet of the turbine (8), a second outlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator (2) is connected with an inlet of a precompressor (7), an outlet of the precompressor (7) is connected with a first inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator (3), a first outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator (3) is connected with a first inlet of a cooler (4), a first outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator (3) is connected with an inlet of a recompressor (6), an outlet of the recompressor (6) is connected with a second inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator (3), and a first outlet of the cooler (4) is connected with an inlet of a compressor (5), the outlet of the compressor (5) is connected with the second inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator (3);
The ORC loop comprises a low-temperature heat exchanger (9), an expander (10), a condenser (11), a working medium pump (12) and a cooler (4), a second outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger (9) is connected with an inlet of the expander (10), a second inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger (9) is connected with a second outlet of the cooler (4), an outlet of the expander (10) is connected with an inlet of the condenser (11), an outlet of the condenser (11) is connected with an inlet of the working medium pump (12), an outlet of the working medium pump (12) is connected with a second inlet of the cooler (4), a condensed saturated working medium is sent into the cooler (4) through the working medium pump (12) and is connected with CO2The gas exchanges heat.
2. An S-CO according to claim 12Cycle and ORC cycle combined nuclear power generation system characterized by: said S-CO2Using supercritical CO in the circulation loop2As working fluid, R123 or R227ea is used as the working fluid in the ORC loop.
3. an S-CO according to claim 12Cycle and ORC cycle combined nuclear power generation system characterized by: said S-CO2Cooler in the circulation loop (4) While at the same time acting as a preheater in the ORC circuit to preheat the organic working fluid.
4. An S-CO according to claim 22cycle and ORC cycle combined nuclear power generation system characterized by: said S-CO2The organic working medium in the circulation loop is converted into saturated steam or superheated steam through a low-temperature heat exchanger (9).
5. An S-CO according to claim 12Cycle and ORC cycle combined nuclear power generation system characterized by: the cooling medium in the condenser (11) is water.
6. An S-CO according to claim 12Cycle and ORC cycle combined nuclear power generation system characterized by: the turbine (8) is also connected with a first generator (13), and the expander (10) is also connected with a second generator (14).
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110030048A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-19 | 三峡大学 | A kind of S-CO2Recycle the nuclear power generating system combined with ORC circulation and heat circulation method |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110030048A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-19 | 三峡大学 | A kind of S-CO2Recycle the nuclear power generating system combined with ORC circulation and heat circulation method |
CN110030048B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2024-03-12 | 三峡大学 | S-CO 2 Nuclear power generation system combining cycle and ORC cycle and thermal energy cycle method |
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