CN209738793U

CN209738793U - Lock shaft, lock base, locking subassembly and electric automobile

Info

Publication number: CN209738793U
Application number: CN201822277772.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: ***; 黄春华
Original assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-29
Filing date: 2018-12-29
Publication date: 2019-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 2028-12-29

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lock axle, lock base, locking subassembly and electric automobile. The lock shaft is installed in the lateral wall of battery package to have locking portion and spacing portion along the axis direction, spacing portion has the bellying along the radial direction of locking portion, is used for restricting the motion of locking portion along the axis direction. The lock base is provided with an opening and a cavity extending from the opening, the opening is used for the lock shaft to enter the cavity, a containing groove is arranged in the cavity, and the containing groove is clamped on the lock shaft so as to limit the movement of the lock shaft along the axis direction. The locking assembly includes: a lock shaft; the locking mechanism comprises a lock base and a lock tongue. The latch bolt rotates relative to the lock base to change between an unlocked state and a locked state, and when in the locked state, the locking portion can be prevented from leaving the cavity from the opening. The both ends of spacing portion all extend the both ends of locking portion, storage tank and spacing looks adaptation to the motion of locking portion along the axis direction is restrained. This spacing subassembly can prevent comparatively reliably that the battery package from removing for the quick change support.

Description

Lock shaft, lock base, locking subassembly and electric automobile

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an electric automobile field, in particular to lock axle, lock base, locking subassembly and electric automobile.

background

The conventional battery pack mounting methods for electric vehicles are generally classified into a fixed type and a replaceable type, wherein the fixed type battery pack is generally fixed on the vehicle, and the vehicle is directly used as a charging object during charging. The replaceable battery pack is generally movably mounted, and the battery pack can be taken down at any time and replaced by a new battery pack.

Locking and unlocking of the battery pack is involved in the process of replacing a new battery pack. Generally, lock shafts are installed on the left and right sides of the battery pack; the locking mechanism is fixed on the quick-change bracket to assemble a quick-change bracket assembly, and the quick-change bracket assembly is installed on a chassis of the electric automobile; the locking shaft is matched with the locking mechanism to realize the locking of the battery pack. The position matched with the locking mechanism in the lock shaft is usually sleeved with a steel sleeve, the position matched with the steel sleeve and the locking mechanism is easy to rattle due to friction in the running process of the electric automobile, and the steel sleeve also needs to be maintained in the using process, and certain maintenance cost needs to be increased if lubricating oil is added.

in addition, the battery pack needs to be guided to enter the quick-change support in the battery changing process, a gap must be reserved between the guide block on the battery pack and the quick-change support, otherwise the battery pack is easy to block and cannot be guaranteed to be normally changed. The battery pack of the electric automobile needs to be fixed stably on the quick-change support in the driving process, and the electric automobile is not allowed to shake left and right. At present, the guide block is usually of a pre-compression interference structure, the guide block always rubs with the quick-change support in the battery replacement process, and the battery pack can be guaranteed to have no displacement relative to the quick-change support when the electric automobile normally runs. However, when the electric vehicle is continuously bent sharply, the pre-pressure of the guide block is insufficient, so that the battery pack is likely to move relative to the quick-change bracket, and abnormal sound is likely to be caused.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

the to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a lock axle, lock base, locking subassembly and electric automobile for overcoming among the prior art defect that the battery package easily removed for the quick change support.

The utility model discloses an above-mentioned technical problem is solved through following technical scheme:

The utility model provides a lock axle for install on the lateral wall of battery package, its characterized in that, the lock axle has locking part and spacing portion along the axis direction, spacing portion edge the radial direction of locking part has the bellying, is used for restricting locking part edge the motion of axis direction.

in this scheme, spacing portion can restrict the motion of locking portion along the axis direction of lock axle, and when locking mechanism locked this lock axle, spacing portion's setting can prevent comparatively reliably that the lock axle from removing for locking mechanism along the axis direction to be favorable to preventing that the battery package from removing for the quick change support.

Preferably, the limiting portion has two vertical portions and two arc portions, the two vertical portions are arranged oppositely, and the two arc portions are connected between two ends of the two vertical portions respectively.

In the scheme, when the lock shaft moves in the locking mechanism, the arc-shaped part enables the lock shaft to move smoothly, and the battery replacement efficiency is not influenced; the vertical portion can reduce the space that the lock axle occupy, and when the lock axle was located locking mechanism, the lock axle can not interfere other parts to can not influence locking mechanism's normal operating, be favorable to improving the reliability of trading the electricity.

preferably, an electromagnetic induction element is embedded in the limiting part;

The electromagnetic induction element is magnetic steel.

In the scheme, the electromagnetic induction element is used for inducing with the detection device to detect whether the lock shaft reaches the target position. Wherein, inlay the electromagnetic induction component and establish in spacing portion, can enough protect the difficult damage of electromagnetic induction component, can reduce the whole space that occupies of lock axle again.

preferably, the locking part is provided with a shaft body and an elastic sleeve which is rotatably sleeved on the shaft body, and the elastic sleeve is made of elastic materials;

The elastic sleeve is made of polyurethane;

The shaft comprises a shaft body and is characterized in that a clamping groove is formed in the outer wall surface of the shaft body, the elastic sleeve is clamped in the clamping groove, and one end, close to the limiting portion, of the elastic sleeve abuts against the limiting portion.

In this scheme, when the locking shaft and locking mechanism cooperate, the elastic sleeve is less with locking mechanism matched with position friction, does not have the abnormal sound hardly, and also is difficult for making the clearance increase between locking shaft and locking mechanism because of the friction, is favorable to improving the reliability of locking, and then is favorable to further preventing that the battery package from removing for the quick change support. In addition, polyurethane is a novel high-molecular synthetic material between rubber and plastic, and has the high strength of the plastic and the high elasticity of the rubber, so that the elastic sleeve has the advantages of high bearing capacity, wear resistance and the like.

Preferably, the locking part is provided with a shaft body, a steel sleeve rotatably sleeved on the shaft body and an elastic layer covering the outer peripheral surface of the steel sleeve, and the elastic layer is made of elastic materials;

The elastic layer is made of polyurethane or plastic;

The shaft comprises a shaft body and is characterized in that a clamping groove is formed in the outer wall surface of the shaft body, the steel sleeve is clamped in the clamping groove, and one end, close to the limiting portion, of the steel sleeve is abutted against the limiting portion.

in this scheme, the cladding has the elastic layer on the outer peripheral face of steel bushing, and when the lock shaft cooperated with locking mechanism, the elastic layer was less with locking mechanism matched with position friction, and the abnormal sound hardly, and also was difficult for making the clearance increase between lock shaft and locking mechanism because of the friction, was favorable to improving the reliability of locking, and then was favorable to further preventing that the battery package from removing for the quick change support.

The utility model also provides a lock base has the opening and certainly the cavity that the opening extends, the opening is used for supplying the lock axle of installing on the lateral wall of battery package to get into the cavity, its characteristics lie in, the storage tank has in the cavity, the storage tank is used for the card to locate the lock axle, with the restriction the motion of the axis direction of lock axle is followed to the lock axle.

In this scheme, the storage tank can restrict the motion of lock axle along the axis direction, and when the lock axle was in the locking state in locking base, the setting of storage tank can prevent that the battery package from removing for the quick change support.

Preferably, a direction in which the lock shaft enters the opening is a first direction, a direction in which the lock shaft moves in the cavity is a second direction, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to an axial direction of the lock shaft, and the accommodating groove extends along the second direction.

In the scheme, in the process that the lock shaft moves in the cavity, the accommodating groove can play a role in guiding the lock shaft, so that the reliability of locking the battery pack is improved; when the lock shaft is locked in the lock base, the accommodating groove can prevent the battery pack from moving relative to the quick-change bracket.

The utility model also provides a locking subassembly, its characteristics lie in that it includes above-mentioned lock axle and locking mechanism, locking mechanism includes:

in the lock base, the opening is used for allowing the locking part and the limiting part to enter the cavity, the direction in which the locking part and the limiting part enter the opening is a first direction, the direction in which the locking part and the limiting part move in the cavity is a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to the axial direction of the lock shaft;

A latch bolt rotatable relative to the lock base to change between an unlocked state and a locked state, the latch bolt being capable of preventing the latch portion from exiting the cavity from the opening when the latch bolt is in the locked state;

The two ends of the limiting portion extend out of the two ends of the locking portion in the first direction, and the accommodating groove is matched with the limiting portion to limit the movement of the locking portion in the axis direction.

In this scheme, when the lock base is in the locking state, spacing portion card is located in the storage tank, and spacing portion is difficult for even can not shift out from spacing portion to can restrict the motion of locking portion along the axis direction reliably, and then can prevent more reliably that the battery package from removing for the quick change support.

preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises an elastic member, the elastic member is at least partially located in the cavity, and the elastic member is used for abutting against the locking part.

In the scheme, when the lock is in a locked state, the locking part of the lock shaft is abutted between the lock tongue and the elastic part, on one hand, the elastic part is matched with the lock tongue to limit the movement of the lock shaft along the first direction; on the other hand, the elastic component is in elastic contact with the lock shaft, so that the lock shaft is protected.

Preferably, the locking mechanism is one-level locking mechanism, the lock base is one-level lock base, the spring bolt is one-level spring bolt, the lock axle is one-level lock axle, just one-level lock base one-level spring bolt with the quantity of one-level lock axle is at least one, one-level locking mechanism still includes:

The lock connecting rod, with at least one-level spring bolt swivelling joint for drive under the exogenic action one-level spring bolt is rotatory, makes one-level spring bolt can for one-level lock base is rotatory in order to change between one-level unblock state and one-level locking state, works as one-level spring bolt is in during one-level locking state, one-level spring bolt can prevent the locking portion of one-level lock axle is followed the opening of one-level lock base leaves the cavity of one-level lock base.

preferably, the locking mechanism is a secondary locking mechanism, the lock base is a secondary lock base, the bolt is a secondary bolt, the lock shaft is a secondary lock shaft, the secondary bolt can rotate relative to the secondary lock base to change between a secondary unlocking state and a secondary locking state, the secondary bolt comprises a secondary bolt body and a secondary bolt expansion part, the secondary bolt expansion part is fixedly connected with the secondary bolt body, the secondary bolt expansion part is located outside the secondary lock base, and when the secondary bolt is in the locking state, the secondary bolt body can prevent the locking part of the secondary lock shaft from leaving the cavity of the secondary lock base from the opening of the secondary lock base;

The secondary locking mechanism further comprises:

the second-stage reset component is arranged on the second-stage lock base and acts on the second-stage lock tongue, the second-stage reset component can deform elastically, and the second-stage reset component is used for enabling the second-stage lock tongue to rotate along a locking direction to reset from the second-stage unlocking state to the second-stage locking state.

In this scheme, set up second grade reset unit and be convenient for the second grade spring bolt from the unblock state to the locking state of resetting for battery package installation, locking are all comparatively convenient, and under second grade reset unit's effect, and the second grade spring bolt can not change easily for the unblock state, and the locking is more reliable. In addition, the setting is located the outside second grade spring bolt extension of second grade lock base, can realize the rotation of second grade spring bolt body through acting on second grade spring bolt extension, and the unblock is convenient.

Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a primary locking mechanism and a secondary locking mechanism, and the lock shaft comprises a primary lock shaft and a secondary lock shaft;

The lock mechanism comprises a first-stage locking mechanism and a second-stage locking mechanism, wherein a lock base in the first-stage locking mechanism is a first-stage lock base, lock tongues are first-stage lock tongues, a lock shaft is a first-stage lock shaft, the number of the first-stage lock bases, the number of the first-stage lock tongues and the number of the first-stage lock shafts are at least one, the first-stage locking mechanism further comprises a lock connecting rod, the lock connecting rod is rotatably connected with at least one first-stage lock tongue and is used for driving the first-stage lock tongues to rotate under the action of external force, so that the first-stage lock tongues can rotate relative to the first-stage lock base to change between a first-stage unlocking state and a first-stage locking state, and when the first-stage lock tongues are in the first-stage locking state;

The lock base in the second-stage locking mechanism is a second-stage lock base, the lock tongue is a second-stage lock tongue, and the lock shaft is a second-stage lock shaft, the second-stage lock tongue can rotate relative to the second-stage lock base to change between a second-stage unlocking state and a second-stage locking state, the second-stage lock tongue comprises a second-stage lock tongue body and a second-stage lock tongue expansion part which are fixedly connected, the second-stage lock tongue expansion part is positioned outside the second-stage lock base, and when the second-stage lock tongue is in the locking state, the second-stage lock tongue body can prevent the locking part of the second-stage lock shaft from leaving the cavity of the second-stage lock base from the; the second-stage locking mechanism further comprises a second-stage reset component, the second-stage reset component is arranged on the second-stage lock base and acts on the second-stage lock tongue, the second-stage reset component can elastically deform, and the second-stage reset component is used for enabling the second-stage lock tongue to rotate along a locking direction to reset from the second-stage unlocking state to the second-stage locking state.

In this scheme, second grade locking mechanism can provide second grade locking or locking protect function for the battery package, is used for preventing that the battery package from dropping when one-level locking mechanism became invalid, improves the security performance.

the utility model also provides an electric automobile, its characteristics lie in, it includes battery package, quick change support and above-mentioned locking subassembly, wherein the lock axle install in on the lateral wall of battery package, locking mechanism locates the inboard of quick change support, the battery package install in the quick change support.

In this scheme, spacing portion in the lock axle and the interior storage tank of lock base mutually support, block each other, spacing portion is difficult for even can not shifting out from spacing portion to can restrict the motion of locking portion along the axis direction reliably, and then can prevent comparatively reliably that the battery package from removing for the quick change support, and then be favorable to improving electric automobile's the reliability of trading.

preferably, the electric vehicle further includes:

The supporting devices are fixedly arranged on one side, facing the battery pack, of the quick-change bracket and are used for providing a plurality of supporting points for supporting the battery pack;

the support shafts are arranged on the battery pack and are in one-to-one correspondence with the support devices, and the support devices are used for supporting the corresponding support shafts;

the supporting device comprises a supporting base, the supporting base is provided with a supporting opening and a supporting groove extending from the supporting opening, the supporting opening is used for enabling the supporting shaft to enter the supporting groove, and the supporting shaft is pressed on the supporting base and is positioned in the supporting groove;

the supporting shaft is provided with a supporting part and a supporting limiting part along the axial direction, the direction of the supporting part and the supporting limiting part entering the supporting opening is a first supporting direction, the direction of the supporting part and the supporting limiting part moving in the supporting groove is a second supporting direction, and the first supporting direction and the second supporting direction are perpendicular to the axial direction of the supporting shaft; in the first supporting direction, two ends of the supporting limiting part extend out of two ends of the supporting part, and a supporting accommodating groove matched with the supporting limiting part is formed in the supporting groove so as to limit the movement of the supporting part along the axial direction of the supporting shaft;

Support spacing portion and have two vertical portions of two supports that set up relatively and two arc portions of supporting that set up relatively, two it connects respectively in two to support the arc portion support between the both ends of vertical portion.

in this scheme, on the basis of the locking mechanism and the realization battery package that cooperatees of lock axle, through set up a plurality of back shafts on the battery package, and set up a plurality of strutting arrangement who is used for supporting the back shaft on the quick change support, the weight of battery package can distribute simultaneously on a plurality of strutting arrangement and locking mechanism, the atress of quick change support is more even, the effort of having reduced the battery package and applyed to the locking mechanism, it is concentrated to have avoided the locking mechanism atress on the quick change support, the life of locking mechanism has been improved, and then the security performance has been improved, and the joint strength of battery package and quick change support has still been improved. In addition, support spacing portion and support the storage tank and cooperate, can restrict the motion of supporting part along the axis direction of back shaft, be favorable to improving the support reliability to the battery package.

preferably, the supporting portion further includes a shaft supporting body and a supporting elastic sleeve rotatably sleeved on the shaft supporting body, and the supporting elastic sleeve is made of an elastic material;

The supporting elastic sleeve is made of polyurethane;

The support device comprises a shaft support body, wherein a support clamping groove is formed in the outer wall surface of the shaft support body, a support elastic sleeve is clamped in the support clamping groove, and one end, close to the support limiting portion, of the support elastic sleeve is abutted against the support limiting portion.

In this scheme, when the back shaft cooperatees with the support base, it is less with support base matched with position friction to support the elastic sleeve, and the abnormal sound hardly, and also be difficult for making the clearance between back shaft and the support base increase because of the friction, be favorable to improving the reliability to the battery package.

preferably, the supporting portion further comprises a shaft supporting body, a supporting steel sleeve rotatably sleeved on the shaft supporting body, and a supporting elastic layer covering the outer circumferential surface of the supporting steel sleeve, wherein the supporting elastic layer is made of an elastic material;

The supporting elastic layer is made of polyurethane or plastic;

The shaft supports and is provided with a support clamping groove on the outer wall surface of the shaft support body, the support steel sleeve is clamped and arranged in the support clamping groove, and one end of the support steel sleeve, which is close to the support steel sleeve, is abutted against the support limiting part.

in this scheme, when the back shaft and support base cooperation, it is less with support base matched with position friction to support the elastic layer, and the abnormal sound hardly, and also be difficult for making the clearance between back shaft and the support base increase because of the friction, be favorable to improving the reliability to the battery package.

The utility model discloses an actively advance the effect and lie in:

when the lock base is in the locking state, the limiting part is clamped in the accommodating groove, the limiting part is difficult to move out even from the limiting part, so that the locking part can be reliably limited to move along the axis direction, the battery pack can be reliably prevented from moving relative to the quick-change support, and the battery replacement reliability of the electric automobile is improved.

drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a lock shaft according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a lock shaft according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the lock base according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a partial schematic structural view of a lock base according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

fig. 5 is a partial schematic structural view of the locking assembly according to embodiment 3 of the present invention, which shows a schematic structural view of the lock shaft entering the lock base.

fig. 6 is another schematic structural view of a part of the locking assembly according to embodiment 3 of the present invention, which shows another schematic structural view of the lock shaft entering the lock base.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of another part of the locking assembly according to embodiment 3 of the present invention, showing the relative positions of the lock shaft and the lock base when the lock tongue is in the locking state.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the locking assembly of embodiment 3 of the present invention after the lock base is connected to the elastic component.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism in the locking assembly of embodiment 3 of the present invention, wherein the locking mechanism is an one-level locking structure.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism in a locking assembly according to embodiment 3 of the present invention, wherein the locking mechanism is a two-stage locking structure.

Fig. 11 is a schematic partial structural view of an electric vehicle according to embodiment 4 of the present invention, showing a relative position between a battery pack and a quick-change bracket.

Fig. 12 is another schematic structural view of a part of an electric vehicle according to embodiment 4 of the present invention, in which a quick-change bracket, a supporting device, and a locking assembly are shown.

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a supporting device in an electric vehicle according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a support shaft in an electric vehicle according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

10 lock shaft

101 locking part

1011 axis body

1012 elastic sleeve

1013 card slot

102 position limiting part

1021 vertical section

1022 arc part

103 electromagnetic induction element

20 lock base

201 opening

202 hollow cavity

203 accommodating groove

30 bolt

301 two-stage bolt body

302 two-stage bolt extension

40 resilient member

401 elastic cushion

402 elastic head

50 lock connecting rod

60 two-stage reduction unit

70 Battery pack

80 quick-change bracket

90 support device

901 support base

902 support opening

903 support groove

904 support receiving slot

100 support shaft

1001 supporting part

1002 support limiting part

1003 support the vertical part

1004 support the arc-shaped part

1005 shaft support body

1006 support elastic sleeve

110 primary locking mechanism

120 two-stage locking mechanism

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by way of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1

The present embodiment discloses a lock shaft for mounting on a side wall of a battery pack, and as will be understood with reference to fig. 1 to 2, the lock shaft 10 has a locking portion 101 and a position restricting portion 102 in an axial direction, and the position restricting portion 102 has a projection in a radial direction of the locking portion 101 for restricting movement of the locking portion 101 in the axial direction.

In the present embodiment, the limiting portion 102 can limit the movement of the locking portion 101 along the axial direction of the lock shaft 10, and when the locking mechanism locks the lock shaft 10, the limiting portion 102 can reliably prevent the lock shaft 10 from moving relative to the locking mechanism along the axial direction, which is beneficial to preventing the battery pack from moving relative to the quick-change holder.

Further, as will be understood by referring to fig. 1-2, the position-limiting portion 102 has two vertical portions 1021 and two arc portions 1022, which are oppositely disposed, and the two arc portions 1022 are respectively connected between two ends of the two vertical portions 1021. When the lock shaft 10 moves in the locking mechanism, the arc part 1022 enables the lock shaft 10 to move smoothly without affecting the battery replacement efficiency; the vertical part 1021 can reduce the space occupied by the lock shaft 10, and when the lock shaft 10 is positioned in the locking mechanism, the lock shaft 10 cannot interfere with other parts, so that the normal operation of the locking mechanism cannot be influenced, and the reliability of battery replacement is improved.

Further, as will be understood with continued reference to fig. 1-2, an electromagnetic induction element 103 is embedded in the limiting portion 102. In the present embodiment, the electromagnetic induction element 103 is magnetic steel. The electromagnetic induction element 103 is used for inducing with a detection device to detect whether the lock shaft 10 reaches a target position. The electromagnetic induction element 103 is embedded in the limiting portion 102, so that the electromagnetic induction element 103 is not easily damaged, and the space occupied by the whole lock shaft 10 is reduced.

Further, as will be understood by referring to fig. 2, the locking portion 101 has a shaft body 1011 and an elastic sleeve 1012 rotatably sleeved on the shaft body 1011, the elastic sleeve 1012 is made of an elastic material, and the elastic sleeve 1012 is made of polyurethane. The outer wall surface of the shaft body 1011 is provided with a slot 1013, the elastic sleeve 1012 is clamped in the slot 1013, and one end of the elastic sleeve 1012 close to the limiting part 102 abuts against the limiting part 102.

When the locking shaft 10 is matched with the locking mechanism, the friction of the position where the elastic sleeve 1012 is matched with the locking mechanism is small, no abnormal sound is generated, and the gap between the locking shaft 10 and the locking mechanism is not easy to increase due to friction, so that the reliability of locking is improved, and further the battery pack is prevented from moving relative to the quick-change bracket. In addition, polyurethane is a novel polymer synthetic material between rubber and plastic, and has the high strength of plastic and the high elasticity of rubber, so that the elastic sleeve 1012 has the advantages of high bearing capacity, wear resistance and the like.

In other alternative embodiments, the elastic sleeve 1012 may be replaced by a steel sleeve and an elastic layer, wherein the elastic layer covers the outer circumference of the steel sleeve, the elastic layer is made of an elastic material, and the elastic layer may be made of polyurethane or plastic. Correspondingly, when the lock shaft 10 is matched with the locking mechanism, the friction of the position where the elastic layer is matched with the locking mechanism is small, abnormal sound is hardly generated, and the gap between the lock shaft 10 and the locking mechanism is not easy to increase due to friction, so that the reliability of locking is improved, and further the battery pack is prevented from moving relative to the quick-change support.

example 2

The present embodiment discloses a lock base, as will be understood by referring to fig. 3-4, the lock base 20 has an opening 201 and a cavity 202 extending from the opening 201, the opening 201 is used for allowing a lock shaft mounted on a side wall of a battery pack to enter the cavity 202, the cavity 202 has a receiving groove 203 therein, and the receiving groove 203 is used for being clamped on the lock shaft to limit the movement of the lock shaft along the axial direction of the lock shaft.

In the present embodiment, the receiving groove 203 can limit the movement of the lock shaft along the axial direction, and when the lock shaft is in the locked state in the lock base 20, the receiving groove 203 can prevent the battery pack from moving relative to the quick-change holder.

Further, the direction of the lock shaft entering the opening 201 is a first direction, the direction of the lock shaft moving in the cavity 202 is a second direction, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to the axis direction of the lock shaft, and the accommodating groove 203 extends along the second direction.

In the process that the lock shaft moves in the cavity 202, the accommodating groove 203 can guide the lock shaft, so that the reliability of locking the battery pack is improved; when the lock shaft is locked in the lock base 20, the accommodating groove 203 can prevent the battery pack from moving relative to the quick-change holder.

Example 3

The present embodiment discloses a latch assembly, which is understood with reference to fig. 5 to 9, and includes a latch shaft 10 of embodiment 1 and a latch mechanism including a latch tongue 30 and a latch base 20 of embodiment 2. The opening 201 is used for allowing the locking portion 101 and the limiting portion 102 to enter the cavity 202, the direction in which the locking portion 101 and the limiting portion 102 enter the opening 201 is a first direction, the direction in which the locking portion 101 and the limiting portion 102 move in the cavity 202 is a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to the axial direction of the lock shaft 10. The latch bolt 30 is rotatable relative to the lock base 20 to change between an unlocked state and a locked state, and when the latch bolt 30 is in the locked state, the latch bolt 30 can prevent the locking portion 101 from exiting the cavity 202 from the opening 201. In the first direction, the two ends of the limiting portion 102 both extend out of the two ends of the locking portion 101, and the accommodating groove 203 is matched with the limiting portion 102 to limit the movement of the locking portion 101 along the axis direction.

In the present embodiment, when the lock base 20 is in the locked state, the limiting portion 102 is engaged with the accommodating groove 203, and the limiting portion 102 is not easily or even not removed from the limiting portion 102, so that the movement of the locking portion 101 along the axial direction can be reliably limited, and the battery pack can be more reliably prevented from moving relative to the quick-change holder.

further, as will be understood by referring to fig. 8, the locking mechanism further includes an elastic member 40, the elastic member 40 is at least partially located in the cavity 202, and the elastic member 40 is configured to abut against the locking portion 101. In the present embodiment, the elastic component 40 includes an elastic pad 401, an elastic handle (not shown) and an elastic head 402, which are connected in sequence, the elastic pad 401 is located in the cavity 202 and covers the right sidewall for abutting against the locking portion 101, the elastic handle is disposed through the lock base 20, and the right sidewall of the lock base 20 is clamped between the elastic pad 401 and the elastic head 402. When the lock is in a locked state, the locking part 101 of the lock shaft 10 abuts between the lock tongue 30 and the elastic part 40, on one hand, the elastic part 40 is matched with the lock tongue 30 to limit the movement of the lock shaft 10 along the first direction; on the other hand, the elastic member 40 is in elastic contact with the lock shaft 10, which is beneficial for protecting the lock shaft 10.

In the present embodiment, the locking mechanism includes a primary locking mechanism 110 and a secondary locking mechanism 120, and fig. 9 and 10 show the primary locking mechanism 110 and the secondary locking mechanism 120, respectively. The lock shaft 10 comprises a first-stage lock shaft 10 and a second-stage lock shaft 10, a lock base 20 in the first-stage locking mechanism 110 is a first-stage lock base 20, a bolt 30 is a first-stage bolt 30, the lock shaft 10 is a first-stage lock shaft 10, and the number of the first-stage lock base 20, the first-stage latch bolt 30 and the first-stage lock shaft 10 is at least one (3 are shown in fig. 9, and other numbers can be set in other alternative embodiments), the first-stage locking mechanism 110 further includes a lock link 50, the lock link 50 is rotatably connected with at least one first-stage latch bolt 30, is used for driving the first-stage bolt 30 to rotate under the action of external force, so that the first-stage bolt 30 can rotate relative to the first-stage lock base 20 to change between a first-stage unlocking state and a first-stage locking state, when the first-stage latch tongue 30 is in the first-stage locked state, the first-stage latch tongue 30 can prevent the locking portion 101 of the first-stage lock shaft 10 from leaving the cavity 202 of the first-stage lock base 20 from the opening 201 of the first-stage lock base 20. The primary locking mechanism 110 may refer to a "locking device" disclosed in chinese patent application publication No. CN 106427514A.

The lock base 20 in the second-stage locking mechanism 120 is a second-stage lock base 20, the bolt 30 is a second-stage bolt 30, and the lock shaft 10 is a second-stage lock shaft 10, the second-stage bolt 30 can rotate relative to the second-stage lock base 20 to change between a second-stage unlocking state and a second-stage locking state, the second-stage bolt 30 comprises a second-stage bolt body 301 and a second-stage bolt expansion part 302 which are fixedly connected, the second-stage bolt expansion part 302 is located outside the second-stage lock base 20, and when the second-stage bolt 30 is in the locking state, the second-stage bolt body 301 can prevent the locking part 101 of the second-stage lock shaft 10 from leaving the cavity 202 of the second-stage lock base 20 from; second stage locking mechanism 120 still includes second grade reset part 60, and second grade reset part 60 locates second grade lock base 20 and second grade reset part 60 acts on second grade spring bolt 30, and second grade reset part 60 can take place elastic deformation, and second grade reset part 60 is used for making second grade spring bolt 30 rotate along a locking direction in order to reset to second grade locking state from second grade unblock state.

In this embodiment, set up second grade reset part 60 and be convenient for second grade spring bolt 30 from the unblock state to the locking state that resets for battery package installation, locking are all comparatively convenient, and under second grade reset part 60's effect, and second grade spring bolt 30 can not change easily for the unblock state, and the locking is more reliable. In addition, the second-stage bolt expansion part 302 arranged outside the second-stage lock base 20 is arranged, so that the second-stage bolt body 301 can rotate through acting on the second-stage bolt expansion part 302, and the unlocking is convenient. The secondary locking mechanism 120 may provide a secondary locking or locking protection function for the battery pack, and is used to prevent the battery pack from falling when the primary locking mechanism 110 fails, so as to improve safety performance.

In other alternative embodiments, the locking assembly may include only the primary locking mechanism 110 or only the secondary locking mechanism 120.

example 4

This embodiment discloses an electric vehicle, which will be understood by referring to fig. 11 to 13, and comprises a battery pack 70, a quick-change bracket 80 and the locking assembly of embodiment 3, wherein the lock shaft 10 is mounted on the side wall of the battery pack 70, the locking mechanism is disposed on the inner side of the quick-change bracket 80, and the battery pack 70 is mounted on the quick-change bracket 80.

In the present embodiment, the stopper portion 102 of the lock shaft 10 and the inner accommodating groove 203 of the lock base 20 are engaged with each other, and the stopper portion 102 is not easily or even never removed from the stopper portion 102, so that the movement of the locking portion 101 in the axial direction can be reliably restricted, and further the battery pack 70 can be more reliably prevented from moving relative to the quick-change holder 80, which is advantageous for improving the reliability of battery replacement of the electric vehicle.

Further, as shown in fig. 11 to 14, the electric vehicle further includes a plurality of supporting devices 90 and a plurality of supporting shafts 100. Wherein, the supporting device 90 is fixedly arranged at a side of the quick-change bracket 80 facing the battery pack 70, and a plurality of supporting devices 90 are used for providing a plurality of supporting points for supporting the battery pack 70. A plurality of support shafts 100 are mounted to the battery pack 70 and are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of support devices 90, and the support devices 90 are used to support the corresponding support shafts 100. The quick-change bracket 80 is of a frame structure, locking mechanisms (including the first-stage locking mechanism 110 and the second-stage locking mechanism 120 in embodiment 3) are disposed on two sides of the quick-change bracket 80 in the length direction, and the supporting device 90 and the locking mechanisms on the same side are spaced from each other. The length direction of the quick-change bracket 80 is substantially the same as the length direction of the electric vehicle. In the supporting device 90 and the locking mechanism which are located on the same side, the supporting devices 90 are distributed at two ends of the quick-change bracket 80 in the length direction of the quick-change bracket 80, and the locking mechanism is located in the middle of the quick-change bracket 80.

As will be understood by referring to fig. 13 and 14, the supporting device 90 includes a supporting base 901, the supporting base 901 is provided with a supporting opening 902 and a supporting groove 903 extending from the supporting opening 902, the supporting opening 902 is used for allowing the supporting shaft 100 to enter the supporting groove 903, the supporting shaft 100 is pressed on the supporting base 901 and is positioned in the supporting groove 903. The support shaft 100 has a support portion 1001 and a support limiting portion 1002 along the axial direction, the direction in which the support portion 1001 and the support limiting portion 1002 enter the support opening 902 is a first support direction, the direction in which the support portion 1001 and the support limiting portion 1002 move in the support groove 903 is a second support direction, and the first support direction and the second support direction are perpendicular to the axial direction of the support shaft 100. In the first supporting direction, two ends of the supporting limiting portion 1002 extend out of two ends of the supporting portion 1001, and the supporting groove 903 is provided with a supporting accommodating groove 904 adapted to the supporting limiting portion 1002 to limit the movement of the supporting portion 1001 along the axial direction of the supporting shaft 100.

On the basis of the locking mechanism and the locking shaft 10 are matched to realize the locking of the battery pack 70, the plurality of support shafts 100 are arranged on the battery pack 70, the plurality of support devices 90 used for supporting the support shafts 100 are arranged on the quick-change support 80, the weight of the battery pack 70 can be simultaneously distributed on the plurality of support devices 90 and the locking mechanism, the stress of the quick-change support 80 is more uniform, the acting force applied to the locking mechanism by the battery pack 70 is reduced, the phenomenon that the stress of the locking mechanism on the quick-change support 80 is concentrated is avoided, the service life of the locking mechanism is prolonged, the safety performance is further improved, and the connection strength between the battery pack 70 and the quick-change support 80 is also improved. In addition, the support limiting portion 1002 and the support receiving groove 904 are matched, so that the movement of the support portion 1001 along the axial direction of the support shaft 100 can be limited, and the support reliability of the battery pack 70 can be improved.

As shown in fig. 14, the support stopper portion 1002 has two support upright portions 1003 that are disposed opposite to each other and two support arc portions 1004 that are disposed opposite to each other, and the two support arc portions 1004 are connected between both ends of the two support upright portions 1003, respectively. The supporting portion 1001 further includes a shaft supporting body 1005 and a supporting elastic sleeve 1006 rotatably sleeved on the shaft supporting body 1005, wherein the supporting elastic sleeve 1006 is made of an elastic material, such as polyurethane. A supporting clamping groove (not shown) is arranged on the outer wall surface of the shaft support body 1005, the supporting elastic sleeve 1006 is clamped in the supporting clamping groove, and one end of the supporting elastic sleeve 1006 close to the supporting limiting portion 1002 abuts against the supporting limiting portion 1002.

When the supporting shaft 100 is engaged with the supporting base 901, friction between the engaging position of the supporting elastic sleeve 1006 and the supporting base 901 is small, and noise is hardly generated, and it is not easy to increase a gap between the supporting shaft 100 and the supporting base 901 due to friction, which is beneficial to improving reliability of the battery pack 70.

In other alternative embodiments, the supporting steel sleeve and the supporting elastic layer covering the outer circumferential surface of the supporting steel sleeve may be used instead of the supporting elastic sleeve 1006, and the supporting elastic layer is made of an elastic material, and the material of the supporting elastic layer may be polyurethane or plastic.

actually, as can be seen from comparing fig. 14 with fig. 2 in embodiment 1, the structure of the support shaft (support means) is substantially the same as that of the lock shaft. Accordingly, as can be seen by comparing fig. 13 with fig. 3 in embodiment 2, the structure of the support base is substantially the same as that of the lock base.

in addition, in the present embodiment, the lower surface of the support groove 903 and the lower surface of the cavity 202 of the locking mechanism are located on the same plane, so that the battery pack 70 can be more stably fixed in the quick-change holder 80, and the battery pack 70 can be moved smoothly.

When the lock shaft 10 enters the locking mechanism (in this embodiment, the first-stage lock shaft 10 enters the first-stage locking mechanism 110, and the second-stage lock shaft 10 enters the second-stage locking mechanism 120), the support shaft 100 of the battery pack 70 enters the support slot, and when the lock shaft is in place, the support shaft 100 is just pressed in the support slot of the support base 901, so that the battery pack 70 can be further stably fixed in the quick-change bracket 80.

The quick-change holder 80 has an upper in-place receiving cavity (not shown) located above the support opening 902, and an upper in-place sensor (not shown) is disposed in the upper in-place receiving cavity and used for detecting whether the support shaft 100 of the battery pack 70 passes through the support opening 902. In addition, the quick-change bracket 80 further has a front in-place accommodating cavity, the front in-place accommodating cavity is located at the front end of the supporting slot, a front in-place sensor is arranged in the front in-place accommodating cavity, and the front in-place sensor is used for detecting whether the supporting shaft 100 of the battery pack 70 enters the front end of the supporting slot.

Wherein the upper in-place sensor detects whether the support shaft 100 of the battery pack 70 has passed through the support opening 902, so that it can be judged whether the battery pack 70 is in place in the height direction of the electric vehicle with respect to the quick-change bracket 80; the front in-place sensor detects whether the support shaft 100 of the battery pack 70 enters the front end of the support clamping groove, so that whether the battery pack 70 is installed in place relative to the quick-change bracket 80 in the length direction of the electric vehicle can be judged, and the electric vehicle can be ensured to run under the condition that the battery pack 70 is installed in place, so that the safety of the electric vehicle is improved.

although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and the principles of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. the utility model provides a lock axle for install on the lateral wall of battery package, its characterized in that, the lock axle has locking part and spacing portion along the axis direction, spacing portion edge the radial direction of locking part has the bellying, is used for restricting locking part edge the motion of axis direction.

2. The lock shaft according to claim 1, wherein said stopper portion has two vertical portions disposed opposite to each other and two arc portions disposed opposite to each other, and said two arc portions are connected between both ends of said two vertical portions, respectively.

3. The lock shaft according to claim 1, wherein an electromagnetic induction element is embedded in the position-limiting portion;

the electromagnetic induction element is magnetic steel.

4. The lock shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the locking portion has a shaft body and an elastic sleeve rotatably fitted over the shaft body, the elastic sleeve being made of an elastic material;

the elastic sleeve is made of polyurethane;

5. The lock shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lock body has a shaft body, a steel sleeve rotatably fitted over the shaft body, and an elastic layer provided on an outer peripheral surface of the steel sleeve, the elastic layer being made of an elastic material;

The elastic layer is made of polyurethane or plastic;

6. A lock base is provided with an opening and a cavity extending from the opening, wherein the opening is used for allowing a lock shaft arranged on the side wall of a battery pack to enter the cavity.

7. the lock base of claim 6 wherein the direction of the lock shaft entering the opening is a first direction, the direction of the lock shaft moving within the cavity is a second direction, the first direction and the second direction being perpendicular to the direction of the axis of the lock shaft, the receiving slot extending in the second direction.

8. A lock assembly comprising a lock shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and a lock mechanism, the lock mechanism comprising:

The lock base of claim 6, wherein the opening is used for allowing the locking portion and the position-limiting portion to enter the cavity, the direction in which the locking portion and the position-limiting portion enter the opening is a first direction, the direction in which the locking portion and the position-limiting portion move in the cavity is a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to the axial direction of the lock shaft;

9. The latch assembly of claim 8, wherein the latch mechanism further comprises a resilient member at least partially disposed within the cavity, the resilient member configured to abut the latch portion.

10. The latch assembly of claim 8, wherein the latch mechanism is a first-level latch mechanism, the lock base is a first-level lock base, the latch bolt is a first-level latch bolt, the lock shaft is a first-level lock shaft, and the number of the first-level lock base, the first-level latch bolt and the first-level lock shaft is at least one, the first-level latch mechanism further comprising:

11. The latch assembly of claim 8, wherein the latch mechanism is a secondary latch mechanism, the lock base is a secondary lock base, the latch bolt is a secondary latch bolt, the lock shaft is a secondary lock shaft, the secondary latch bolt is rotatable relative to the secondary lock base to change between a secondary unlatched state and a secondary latched state, the secondary latch bolt includes a fixedly connected secondary latch bolt body and a secondary latch bolt extension, the secondary latch bolt extension is located outside the secondary lock base, and when the secondary latch bolt is in the latched state, the secondary latch bolt body is capable of preventing the latch portion of the secondary lock shaft from exiting the cavity of the secondary lock base from the opening of the secondary lock base;

The secondary locking mechanism further comprises:

12. The lock assembly of claim 8, wherein the lock mechanism comprises a primary lock mechanism and a secondary lock mechanism, and the lock shaft comprises a primary lock shaft and a secondary lock shaft;

13. an electric vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a battery pack, a quick-change bracket and the locking assembly of any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the locking shaft is mounted on a side wall of the battery pack, the locking mechanism is disposed inside the quick-change bracket, and the battery pack is mounted on the quick-change bracket.

14. The electric vehicle of claim 13, further comprising:

15. The electric vehicle of claim 14, wherein the support portion further comprises a shaft support body and a support elastic sleeve rotatably sleeved on the shaft support body, and the support elastic sleeve is made of an elastic material;

The supporting elastic sleeve is made of polyurethane;

16. The electric vehicle according to claim 14, wherein the support portion further comprises a shaft support body, a support steel sleeve rotatably sleeved on the shaft support body, and a support elastic layer covering the outer circumferential surface of the support steel sleeve, wherein the support elastic layer is made of an elastic material;

The supporting elastic layer is made of polyurethane or plastic;