CN209468242U - A kind of high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device - Google Patents

A kind of high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device Download PDF

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CN209468242U
CN209468242U CN201821520090.7U CN201821520090U CN209468242U CN 209468242 U CN209468242 U CN 209468242U CN 201821520090 U CN201821520090 U CN 201821520090U CN 209468242 U CN209468242 U CN 209468242U
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water
valve module
electrodialysis plant
containing wastewater
processing device
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权秋红
仝中聪
李艳霞
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Henan Beijiete Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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SHANDONG LIAOCHENG BEIJIETE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENGINEERING DESIGN Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device, which includes at least water inlet valve module and electrodialysis plant.Pipe-line mixer is provided in water inlet valve module, under conditions of the first entrance section of pipe-line mixer and second entrance section are connect through pipeline with first flow control valve and second flow control valve respectively, water inlet valve module is connected in the way of capable of inputting electrodialysis plant after mixing the raw water of concentrated water and primary filtration in pipe-line mixer with electrodialysis plant;Pipe-line mixer is provided with the inner casing of inner hollow, observes in the radial cross-section of inner casing, and the first segment that inner casing is limited by the shape at its both ends by linear and intermediate shape are made of the second segment that waveform limits.The utility model is avoided by the way that the pipe-line mixer of special construction is arranged because of the excessive polarization caused or aggravate film of film two sides concentration difference, and it is concentrated after the TDS of concentrated water meet the subsequent feed conditions for separating carnallite or sub-prime salt treatment device of entrance.

Description

A kind of high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device
Technical field
The utility model relates to high slat-containing wastewater electrodialysis process apparatus fields, especially at a kind of high slat-containing wastewater desalination Manage device.
Background technique
China's strong brine processing technique is started late, and related industry development relatively lags behind.Currently, reverse osmosis membrane technology is big Sizable application is in the processing of high concentration saline sewage, mostly in field of seawater desalination.In recent years, with China's economic development and industry into The contradiction of the quickening of journey, shortage of water resources and enterprise water use aggravation becomes increasingly conspicuous, more and more advanced treatment of wastewater and reuse Technology is used by enterprise.Untreated high-COD waste water with high salt is discharged into natural water, not only can polluted-water, cause environment Pollution, and will also result in certain threat to the health of aqueous bio and the mankind.At present for high-COD waste water desalination with high salt Method mainly includes heating power desalination method, chemical decladding method, Electro Sorb desalination process and embrane method etc., in other works relatively lower compared with embrane method That there are energy consumptions is high for skill, the tediously long complicated, disadvantages such as processing cost is big, salt rejection rate is low for the treatment of process.Therefore, embrane method handles height with high salt COD waste water becomes its important research direction, especially film concentration technique and has obtained faster development, is alleviating enterprise's use at present Water pressure reduces sewage discharge and protection environment etc. acquirement significant results.However, with external sewage " zero-emission " or The advanced level of " become zero-emission " is compared to there is also larger gaps.Sewage treatment end still have 15%~30% strong brine by Outlet is diluted in the shortage feasible recoverying and utilizing method of Technological Economy, does not realize the reduction of pollutants emission intensity really, The waste of water resource and salts resources is caused simultaneously.
The performance of embrane method industry water desalter mainly includes salt rejection rate, water yield, rate of recovery etc., while also needing to consider The service life of film.When using embrane method desalinating process, with the increase of use time, film itself is because of Ca, Mg etc. for having in water The precipitating fouling of high rigidity ion changes the chemical property and physical structure of film, makes the exchange capacity and selective penetrated property of film Decline, mechanical strength reduce, on the one hand easy embrittlement etc. reduces the salt rejection rate, water yield and the rate of recovery of film separation system, thus The ability of water treatment system is reduced, the service life of film is on the other hand also shortened.Such as electroosmose process, due to ion The transport number in transport number and solution in film has larger difference, causes concentration polarization, when film two sides concentration difference is excessive, again The polarization that can cause and aggravate film can precipitate fouling after polarization, block water stream channel, increase resistance to water-flow, to reduce film dress The performance (salt rejection rate, water yield and the rate of recovery) set, and influence the normal peace of treated water quality and quantity and electrodialysis plant Row for the national games, and then shorten the service life of film.
For example, Chinese patent (CN205821089U) discloses a kind of processing system of photosensitive material production waste water, it is described Processing system is used to handle photosensitive material production waste water, and the processing system of the production waste water includes: wastewater collection pond, For being stored to production waste water;Pretreatment system, for being pre-processed to photosensitive material production waste water;Electric drive membrane system System, for carrying out desalting processing to pretreated production waste water;And after-treatment system, for the processing of electric drive membranous system Production waste water afterwards is post-processed.At the minimizing and concentration that processing system provided by the utility model passes through nanofiltration system Reason, so that salinity and content of organics improve in waste water, wastewater flow rate reduces, and significantly reduces the investment of electric drive membranous system Cost;It is effectively reduced the salinity of desalination solution in diluting compartment by electric drive membranous system, realizes the separation of organic matter and salinity. But the rate of recovery of the production water of its electric drive membranous system only has 66.7%, fails to achieve the effect that efficiently to divide salt, while increasing it Discharge water causes the risk of secondary pollution to surrounding enviroment, and unresolved amberplex is because using the longevity caused by concentration polarization Order shorter problem.
Utility model content
For the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device, the height Brine waste desalting processing device includes at least water inlet valve module and electrodialysis plant, wherein setting in the water inlet valve module There is pipe-line mixer, is controlled respectively through pipeline and first flow in the first entrance section and second entrance section of the pipe-line mixer Under conditions of valve is connected with second flow control valve, the water inlet valve module can exist according to by the raw water of concentrated water and primary filtration The mode for inputting the electrodialysis plant in the pipe-line mixer after mixing is connected to the electrodialysis plant.
According to a preferred embodiment, the pipe-line mixer is provided with the inner casing of inner hollow, in the inner casing It is observed in radial cross-section, the first segment that the inner casing is limited by the shape at its both ends by linear and intermediate shape are by wave The second segment composition that shape limits, second segment is identical by several crooked radians and arranges along the axially extending direction interval of pipe-line mixer The circular arc of cloth is constituted, and the radian of circular arc is not more than π/3.
According to a preferred embodiment, the high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device includes at least feed unit and discharging Unit, the feed unit are connected to through the electrodialysis plant with the discharging unit.
According to a preferred embodiment, the feed unit includes at least raw water box, concentrated water case and pole water tank, wherein The raw water box and the concentrated water case are connected to through the first pump and the second pump with the water inlet valve module respectively, the water inlet valve module It is connected to the electrodialysis plant, the pole water tank is pumped through third and is connected to the electrodialysis plant.
According to a preferred embodiment, the pole water tank, third pump and the electrodialysis plant are single according to constituting It communicates with each other to the mode of circulation loop.
According to a preferred embodiment, the discharging unit includes at least water outlet valve module and fresh-water tank, wherein described Two outlets of water outlet valve module are connected to through pipeline with the fresh-water tank and the concentrated water case respectively.
According to a preferred embodiment, conductance is provided in the way of engaging in the outlet of the electrodialysis plant Rate detection device.
According to a preferred embodiment, the electrodialysis plant is according to its import through pipeline and the water outlet valve module The mode of pipe connection is connected to the discharging unit.
According to a preferred embodiment, the water outlet valve module via line is electrically connected with the control cabinet.
According to a preferred embodiment, the feed unit of the high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device further includes at least one A cross-flow filter, wherein the high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device include at least feed unit and discharging unit, it is described into Material unit is connected to through electrodialysis plant with the discharging unit, and the feed unit includes cross-flow filter, raw water box, concentrated water case With pole water tank, the discharging unit includes at least water outlet valve module and fresh-water tank;Wherein, the cross-flow filter is according to its generation The raw water of primary filtration input the mode of the raw water box and be connected to the inlet tube of the raw water box, the raw water box and described Concentrated water case is connected to through the first pump and the second pump with the water inlet valve module respectively, and the pole water tank is pumped through third and electrodialysis plant Connection;The water inlet valve module via line is electrically connected with the control cabinet, and the electrodialysis plant is through current signal detection device It is electrically connected with the control cabinet.
Wherein, first pump and the second respective outlet of pump passed through in the way of shared one outlet pipe it is described into Water valve component is connected to the electrodialysis plant, and the pole water tank, third pump and the electrodialysis plant are single according to constituting It communicates with each other to the mode of circulation loop.
The electrodialysis plant by its through pipeline with it is described water outlet valve module inlet tube connect in the way of with it is described out Material unit connection;Wherein, two outlets of the water outlet valve module connect through pipeline and the fresh-water tank and the concentrated water case respectively Logical, the water outlet valve module also via line is electrically connected with the control cabinet.
According to a preferred embodiment, in the condition that the control cabinet via line is electrically connected with the water inlet valve module Under, the water inlet valve module can be separately turned on first flow control valve and the in such a way that the control cabinet exports electric signal Two flow control valves;Under conditions of the control cabinet is electrically connected through current signal detection device with the electrodialysis plant, institute Cathode and anode can be exchanged in such a way that the control cabinet switches the positive and negative anodes of its DC power supply by stating electrodialysis plant.
According to a preferred embodiment, the electrodialysis plant and the inlet valve inter-module are also connected with PH through pipeline Adjuster.PH adjuster can make the PH in concentrated water case be maintained in preset range value in the way of adding HCl, avoid setting It is standby that scale formation occurs easily, guarantee equipment stable operation.
The utility model provides high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device and at least has the advantage that
(1) concentrated water that the utility model can generate electrodialysis plant according to improved apparatus structure is detecting its conductance Self-loopa is realized under conditions of rate value, and can be control raw water box and concentrated water case according to by way of inputting respectively or by flow Mode than being uniformly mixed input improves the desalination and concentration efficiency of electrodialysis plant.
(2) the utility model is by the pipe-line mixer of setting special shape by the input fluid and low concentration of excessive concentrations It is uniformly mixed, is avoided because of the excessive polarization caused or aggravate film of film two sides concentration difference between fluid, and be arranged and frequently fall Pole, due to osmotic pressure excessive the problem of causing salt rejection rate to reduce, is reduced because dense to avoid subsequent processing process intermediate ion exchange membrane Additional economic cost caused by difference polarizes extends the service life of film in industry water desalter, and then improves desalting processing Efficiency ensure that desalting processing effect.
(2) the high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device installation that the utility model uses is simple, easy to operate, required energy consumption It is low;Without using chemical agent, avoid producing water formation " secondary pollution ";Improve the salt rejection rate of industry water desalter, water yield and Performances such as the rate of recovery, and the TDS of the concentrated water after being concentrated can reach 220000mg/L or so, meet enter it is subsequent separate carnallite or The feed conditions of sub-prime salt (sodium chloride and sodium sulphate) processing unit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the simplified structure diagram of the preferred desalting processing device of the utility model;With
Fig. 2 is that the utility model is preferably intake the simplified structure diagram of valve module.
Reference signs list
1: feed unit 2: discharging unit 3: control cabinet
4: electrodialysis plant 5: water inlet valve module 6: first flow control valve
7: second flow control valve 8: current signal detection device 9: raw water box
10: concentrated water case 11: pole water tank 12: the first pumps
13: the second pumps 14: third pump 15: water outlet valve module
16: fresh-water tank 17: inner casing 19: conductivity detection device
20: cross-flow filter 21: pipe-line mixer 22: first entrance section
23: second entrance section
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device includes at least water inlet valve module 5 and electrodialysis plant 4, wherein pipe-line mixer 21 is provided in water inlet valve module 5, in the first entrance section 22 and second entrance of pipe-line mixer 21 Under conditions of section 23 is connect through pipeline with first flow control valve 6 and second flow control valve 7 respectively, water inlet valve module 5 can In the way of electrodialysis plant 4 is inputted after mix the raw water of concentrated water and primary filtration in pipe-line mixer 21 and electrodialysis Device 4 is connected to.
Preferably, pipe-line mixer 21 is provided with the inner casing 17 of inner hollow, observes in the radial cross-section of inner casing 17, The first segment and intermediate shape that inner casing 17 is limited by the shape at its both ends by linear are made of the second segment that waveform limits, Second segment is identical by several crooked radians and constitutes along the circular arc that the axially extending direction of pipe-line mixer 21 is intervally arranged, circular arc Radian be not more than π/3.In the case where first flow control valve 6 and second flow control valve 7 open simultaneously, two kinds of differences are dense The liquid of degree is mixed through first entrance section 22 and second entrance section 23 into pipe-line mixer 21 respectively, due to first entrance The axial direction of section 22 and the axial direction of second entrance section 23 are mutually perpendicular to, and utilize the liquid inputted through second entrance section 23 It is tentatively mixed between self gravity and the liquid inputted through first entrance section 22;By the shape that the second segment of inner casing 17 is arranged Shape is limited by waveform, is played the role of shunting, cross-mixing and reversed eddy flow three to the mixture in pipe-line mixer 21, is reached The purpose mixed to quick and uniform depth;And first segment is then flowed into the mixed mixture of depth, passes through setting The shape at first segment both ends is limited by linear, consumed by the inner wall of first segment and absorb mixture obtained via second segment it is more Power potential energy on a direction enables mixture to restore steady flow before entering electrodialysis plant 4, successively will be excessively high It is uniformly mixed between the input fluid and low-concentration fluid of concentration, avoids causing or aggravate film because film two sides concentration difference is excessive Polarization.
Preferably, high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device includes at least feed unit 1 and discharging unit 2, and feed unit 1 passes through Electrodialysis plant 4 is connected to discharging unit 2.
Preferably, feed unit 1 includes at least raw water box 9, concentrated water case 10 and pole water tank 11, wherein raw water box 9 and concentrated water Case 10 is connected to through the first pump 12 and the second pump 13 with water inlet valve module 5 respectively, and water inlet valve module 5 is connected to electrodialysis plant 4, pole Water tank 11 is connected to through third pump 14 with electrodialysis plant 4.
Preferably, pole water tank 11, third pump 14 and electrodialysis plant 4 connect each other in the way of constituting one-way circulation circuit It is logical.
Preferably, discharging unit 2 includes at least water outlet valve module 15 and fresh-water tank 16, wherein the two of water outlet valve module 15 Outlet is connected to through pipeline with fresh-water tank 16 and concentrated water case 10 respectively.
Preferably, conductivity detection device 19 is provided in the way of engaging in the outlet of electrodialysis plant 4.
Preferably, electrodialysis plant 4 by its through pipeline with water outlet valve module 15 inlet tube connect in the way of and discharging Unit 2 is connected to.
Preferably, water outlet 15 via line of valve module is electrically connected with control cabinet 3.
Preferably, the feed unit 1 of high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device further includes at least one cross-flow filter 20, In, high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device includes at least feed unit 1 and discharging unit 2, and feed unit 1 is through electrodialysis plant 4 It is connected to discharging unit 2, feed unit 1 includes cross-flow filter 20, raw water box 9, concentrated water case 10 and pole water tank 11, discharging unit 2 include at least water outlet valve module 15 and fresh-water tank 16;Wherein, cross-flow filter 20 is connected to the inlet tube of raw water box 9, is produced The raw water of raw primary filtration inputs raw water box 9 through the inlet tube;Raw water box 9 and concentrated water case 10 are respectively through the first pump 12 and second Pump 13 is connected to water inlet valve module 5, and pole water tank 11 is connected to through third pump 14 with electrodialysis plant 4;Intake 5 via line of valve module with Control cabinet 3 is electrically connected, and electrodialysis plant 4 is electrically connected through current signal detection device 8 with control cabinet 3.
Wherein, the first pump 12 and the second 13 shared one outlet pipes of pump, and the outlet is connected to through water inlet valve module 5 Electrodialysis plant 4, pole water tank 11, third pump 14 and electrodialysis plant 4 communicate with each other in the way of constituting one-way circulation circuit.
Electrodialysis plant 4 connects in such a way that it connect through pipeline with the inlet tube of water outlet valve module 15 with discharging unit 2 It is logical;Wherein, two outlets for being discharged valve module 15 are connected to through pipeline with fresh-water tank 16 and concentrated water case 10 respectively, are discharged valve module 15 Also via line is electrically connected with control cabinet 3.
Preferably, under conditions of 3 via line of control cabinet be electrically connected with water inlet valve module 5, intaking valve module 5 can be according to The mode that control cabinet 3 exports electric signal is separately turned on first flow control valve 6 and second flow control valve 7;In control cabinet 3 through electricity Under conditions of stream signal detection apparatus 8 is electrically connected with electrodialysis plant 4, it is straight that electrodialysis plant 4 can switch it according to control cabinet 3 The mode of the positive and negative anodes in galvanic electricity source exchanges cathode and anode.
Preferably, PH adjuster also is connected with through pipeline between electrodialysis plant 4 and water inlet valve module 5.PH adjuster can In the way of adding HCl, so that the PH of the liquid to be processed of electrodialysis plant to be entered 4 is maintained in preset range value, avoid Scale formation occurs easily for equipment, guarantees equipment stable operation.
In order to make it easy to understand, the high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device of application the utility model to be carried out to the tool of desalting processing Body technology process carries out discussed below.
Through minimizing treated high slat-containing wastewater through cross-flow filter 20, obtained after being filtered to remove the particle greater than 5um The raw water of primary filtration, and be injected into through pipeline spare in raw water box 9.It is controlled according to first flow control valve 6 and second flow The respectively arranged corresponding preset flow value of valve 7 pumps 14 by first pump of the starting of control cabinet 3,12, second pump 13 and third, And open water inlet valve module 5 and adjust flow, respectively by the concentrated water in the primary filtration raw water and concentrated water case 10 in raw water box 9 through pipe Road mixer 21 inputs electrodialysis plant 4 in the way of being uniformly mixed input in the way of inputting respectively or by flow-rate ratio, simultaneously Pole water in pole room into electrodialysis plant 4 in injector water tank 11.
Under the action of electric field force, the anion in the desalting chamber of electrodialysis plant 4 and cation enter concentrated water room, with Circulation constantly carries out, and the salinity in desalting chamber gradually decreases, and salinity gradually rises in concentrated water room.In conductivity detection device Under conditions of 19 conductivity for detecting in concentrated water room reach certain numerical value, e.g. 5~15ms/cm is opened by control cabinet 3 It is discharged valve module 15, the fresh water in desalting chamber is injected into fresh-water tank 16 respectively, the indoor concentrated water of concentrated water is dense through pump input Reuse in water tank 10.
Wherein, under conditions of the single desalting processing time reaching preset 15min, electrodialysis plant 4 is according to control cabinet 3 The mode for switching the positive and negative anodes of its DC power supply exchanges cathode and anode, so that the former freshwater room in electrodialysis plant 4 is converted into Concentrated water room, former concentrated water room are converted into freshwater room.Meanwhile valve module 15 is discharged by control cabinet 3 correspondingly by water outlet valve module 15 The transfer passage between transfer passage and water outlet valve module 15 and concentrated water case 10 between fresh-water tank 16 is exchanged, so that avoiding concentration polarization Change phenomenon, effectively improves electrodialysis efficiency.
It should be noted that above-mentioned specific embodiment is exemplary, those skilled in the art can be in the utility model Various solutions are found out under the inspiration of disclosure, and these solutions also belong to the open scope of the utility model simultaneously It falls within the protection scope of the utility model.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the utility model specification and its attached drawing It is illustrative and not constitutes limitations on claims.The protection scope of the utility model is by claim and its equivalent It limits.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device, the high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device includes at least water inlet valve module (5) and electrodialysis plant (4), which is characterized in that
Pipe-line mixer (21) are provided in the water inlet valve module (5), in the first entrance section of the pipe-line mixer (21) (22) and the item that is connect respectively through pipeline with first flow control valve (6) and second flow control valve (7) of second entrance section (23) Under part, the water inlet valve module (5) can mix in the pipe-line mixer (21) according to by the raw water of concentrated water and primary filtration The mode that the electrodialysis plant (4) is inputted after conjunction is connected to the electrodialysis plant (4), wherein
The pipe-line mixer (21) is provided with the inner casing (17) of inner hollow, sees in the radial cross-section of the inner casing (17) Examine, the first segment that the inner casing (17) is limited by the shape at its both ends by linear and intermediate shape limited by waveform the Two sections of compositions, second segment is identical by several crooked radians and is intervally arranged along the pipe-line mixer (21) axially extending direction Circular arc constitute, the radian of circular arc is not more than π/3.
2. high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that at the high slat-containing wastewater desalination It manages device and includes at least feed unit (1) and discharging unit (2), the feed unit (1) is through the electrodialysis plant (4) and institute State discharging unit (2) connection.
3. high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the feed unit (1) is at least Including raw water box (9), concentrated water case (10) and pole water tank (11), wherein the raw water box (9) and the concentrated water case (10) pass through respectively First pump (12) and the second pump (13) are connected to the water inlet valve module (5), and the water inlet valve module (5) and the electrodialysis fill (4) connection is set, the pole water tank (11) is connected to through third pump (14) with the electrodialysis plant (4).
4. high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the pole water tank (11), described Third pump (14) and the electrodialysis plant (4) communicate with each other in the way of constituting one-way circulation circuit.
5. high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the discharging unit (2) is at least Including water outlet valve module (15) and fresh-water tank (16), wherein two outlets of water outlet valve module (15) respectively through pipeline and The fresh-water tank (16) is connected to the concentrated water case (10).
6. high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the electrodialysis plant (4) Conductivity detection device (19) are provided in outlet in the way of engaging.
7. high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the electrodialysis plant (4) is pressed It is connected to according to its mode being connect through pipeline with the inlet tube of water outlet valve module (15) with the discharging unit (2).
8. high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that water outlet valve module (15) warp Route is electrically connected with control cabinet (3).
9. high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that at the high slat-containing wastewater desalination The feed unit (1) for managing device further includes at least one cross-flow filter (20), wherein
The feed unit (1) is connected to through electrodialysis plant (4) with the discharging unit (2), and the feed unit (1) includes mistake Flow filter (20), raw water box (9), concentrated water case (10) and pole water tank (11);Wherein, the cross-flow filter (20) is according to its production The mode that the raw water of raw primary filtration inputs the raw water box (9) is connected to the inlet tube of the raw water box (9), the pole water Case (11) is connected to through third pump (14) with electrodialysis plant (4);Water inlet valve module (5) via line and the control cabinet (3) Electrical connection, the electrodialysis plant (4) are electrically connected through current signal detection device (8) with the control cabinet (3), wherein
It is described first pump (12) and second pump (13) respective outlet passed through in the way of shared one outlet pipe described in into Water valve component (5) is connected to the electrodialysis plant (4);
Wherein, the water outlet valve module (15) also via line is electrically connected with the control cabinet (3).
10. high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that in the control cabinet (3) warp Under conditions of road is electrically connected with the water inlet valve module (5), the water inlet valve module (5) can be defeated according to the control cabinet (3) The mode of electric signal is separately turned on the first flow control valve (6) and the second flow control valve (7) out;
Under conditions of the control cabinet (3) is electrically connected through current signal detection device (8) with the electrodialysis plant (4), institute Cathode and sun can be exchanged in such a way that the control cabinet (3) switch the positive and negative anodes of its DC power supply by stating electrodialysis plant (4) Pole.
CN201821520090.7U 2018-09-17 2018-09-17 A kind of high slat-containing wastewater desalting processing device Active CN209468242U (en)

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Effective date of registration: 20230727

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