CN209459770U - Switchgear optical fiber grating temperature-measuring early warning system - Google Patents
Switchgear optical fiber grating temperature-measuring early warning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN209459770U CN209459770U CN201822261176.9U CN201822261176U CN209459770U CN 209459770 U CN209459770 U CN 209459770U CN 201822261176 U CN201822261176 U CN 201822261176U CN 209459770 U CN209459770 U CN 209459770U
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Abstract
A kind of switchgear optical fiber grating temperature-measuring early warning system of the utility model, the system include fiber grating temperature sensor, optical splitter, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator and server；Optical splitter is installed on the outer wall of switchgear, and the optical fiber (3) of fiber grating temperature sensor is pierced by the end of incoming cables of access optical splitter after switchgear, the leading-out terminal of optical splitter is communicated female optical cable and is connected to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, and the signal after demodulation is passed through network connection to server by the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.A kind of switchgear optical fiber grating temperature-measuring early warning system of the utility model, structure is simple, use cost is cheap and is able to carry out real-time online accurately monitors.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of temperature measurement early warning system, more particularly, to it is a kind of in the way of optical fiber grating temperature-measuring it is split
In-cabinet temperature is closed to carry out real-time dynamic monitoring and carry out pre-warning system.
Background technique
An electrical equipment in electric system is generally electrically set by breaker, transformer, cable, bus, switchgear etc.
Standby composition；It is connected by bus, lead, cable etc. between each other, necessarily leads to heat since electric current flows through tie point, and simultaneously
Almost all of electric fault can all lead to the variation of fault point temperature；Therefore the equipment in the electric system such as switchgear is carried out
Monitoring temperature is a kind of Normal practice of timely discovery failure.For many years since the limitation of technical level makes power system security
Operation level is subject to certain restrictions, although once utilizing infrared radiation thermometer, infrared thermoviewer, temperature sensing cable, traditional point type thermometric
System wishes to solve the above problems, but cannot achieve real-time monitoring, can only be inspected periodically, and the safety failed to report there are under-enumeration is hidden
Suffer from.In addition the mode of wireless temperature measurement is gradually adopted to measure device contact in recent years, this mode solves to a certain extent
The periodic monitoring bring blindness for having determined previous, but since such sensor needs therefore needs to develop a set of suitable for height
Compress switch the temperature monitoring equipments such as cabinet, disconnecting link.
For switchgear, to improve switchgear operation conditions, protection staff safety, nowadays conventional switchgear is whole
For shape metallic leak-proof structure, traditional switchgear temp measuring system has been not applied for setting in new switchgear, especially KYN type
Withdraw-type switch cabinet, conducting position are all blocked by insulating materials at runtime, and conventional infrared measurement of temperature means can not be to it
Internal unit measures, it is necessary to the method measured using inside switch cabinet, real-time monitoring high-current switch internal element fortune
Market condition finds failure source early, prevents the generation of accident.
Currently, for switchgear, common temperature measurement method has contact measurement method and non-contact both at home and abroad
Two kinds of formula measurement method: one, directly contacting sensor with testee, so that sensor and testee keep same temperature
Measurement method be contacting temperature measurement method；Two, sensor is not direct contacts with testee, but is surveyed by heat radiation principle
The method for measuring equipment under test temperature is contactless measurement.
Above two measurement method has extensive research in switch cabinet temperature detection technique, according to the master of detection means
Want feature that can be divided into following several:
1) IR thermometry:
IR thermometry is typical non-direct contact measurement method.The basic foundation of IR thermometry is this one glass of special fence
The blackbody radiation law of Er Ziman, Planck et al., black matrix are a kind of ideal objects, they all issue same at that same temperature
The electromagnetic spectrum of sample, and unrelated with the characteristics such as the specific ingredient of black matrix and shape, the size of object itself infrared energy and
The distribution of its wavelength and its surface temperature have very close relationship, pass through the survey to object itself radiated IR energy
Amount, to measure its surface temperature, here it is basic principles based on infrared radiation temperature.Present infrared radiation thermometer one
As all by optical system, infrared detector, signal amplifier and signal processing, display output etc. part form, core is red
External detector, its basic principle are the electric signal for incident infrared energy being transformed into measurable other forms, the letter
Number by amplifier and signal processing circuit calculated according to the algorithm of instrument internal and correction after be changed into the temperature of measured target
Value, then shows testee temperature in optical system.
Before and after IR thermometry starts from World War II, infrared temperature-test technology is initially applied to military field, by U.S. De Kesalan
Instrument company develops infreared imaging device of the first generation for military field, referred to as infrared to seek viewing system (FLIR).
Middle nineteen sixties, AGA company, Sweden develop the industrial Real Time Image System of first set (THV), but there are it is at high cost,
The feature that volume is big, weight is heavy, not readily portable is improved by the several generations to instrument, the global function thermal imagery released in 1988
Instrument, by the measurement of temperature, modification, analysis, Image Acquisition, storage together in one, function, precision and the operability of instrument are all obtained
Significant raising is arrived.Middle nineteen nineties, FSI company, the U.S. succeed in developing first by military technology (FPA) turn it is civilian simultaneously
The thermal infrared imager (CCD) of commercialization, technical functionality is more advanced, and when live thermometric only needs alignment target to absorb image, and will
Above- mentioned information storage on the PC card in machine, that is, completing all operationss, the setting of various parameters can return to indoor software into
Row modification and analysis data, finally immediately arrive at examining report.Due to the improvement of technology and the change of structure, instead of complexity
Mechanical scanning, instruments weight is less than two kilograms, and in use as hand-held camera, one hand can be easily operated.With
Infrared temperature-test technology has obtained relatively broad application in power industry afterwards, and various infrared radiation thermometers are succeeded in developing simultaneously a large amount of one after another
It puts goods on the market, operation is more convenient, and volume is more compact, and infrared radiation thermometer need to only set parameter at present, is directed at testee
The surface temperature of object can be measured immediately, and possess the function of taking pictures with Automatic-searching highest temperature measuring point, scene is using very
It is convenient, to obtain universal application, and become the technical way of power industry equipment thermometric, the disadvantage is that can only be right
The aerial equipment of exposure measures, right although Some Universities also have developed infrared temperature measurement of high-voltage switch cabinet system
The shadow blocked by inside switch cabinet element to infra-red radiation optical path is easy in the mode of 1 high-tension switch cabinet, infrared probe thermometric
It rings, cannot accurately measure contact temperature, although certain correction can be taken, there are many influence factor of infra-red radiation and have
Time variation can not correct one by one it, thus this mode versatility is poor, can not promote the use of, which is only applicable to early stage
Switch cabinet structure, be not applied for insulating wrapping high-tension switch cabinet measurement.
2) wireless temperature measurement method
Wireless temperature measurement method is the improvement to contact temp measuring method, primarily to solving temperature measuring equipment and electric system height
A kind of Novel temperature measuring method of low pressure isolation and generation, general wireless temperature measurement system usually consist of three parts: distributed temperature measuring
Node, data sink, back-end data processing system.Distributed temperature measuring node is directly installed on the position for needing thermometric, belongs to
Contact temperature-measuring method, data sink are placed on the place of range switch cabinet body certain distance, distributed temperature measuring node and number
According to the transmission for using wireless communication mode to carry out data between receiver, to realize the acquisition of high_voltage isolation and temperature measurement data,
Solve the problems, such as that high pressure closes contact running temperature in cabinet and is not easy to be monitored by IR thermometry.
Although wireless temperature measurement preferably resolves the safety issue of temperature measuring equipment, but there is also some in practical applications
Problem, wherein the job stability problem for being placed in temperature measuring equipment at switch contact position be one the most core the problem of, in reality
In the application of border, the electric current inductive power supply that the power supply Chang Weicong power line of the module obtains energy (is powered, not only according to battery
Periodic replacement battery is needed, and under battery supply feed state false alarm easily occurs for battery under high temperature environment, largely effects on
Monitoring accuracy), and the size that the power supply obtains energy changes with the variation of electric power specific electric load, amplitude of variation is very big, thus
Module will appear the phenomenon that electricity shortage often, for this problem, it is thus proposed that using sides such as battery, reduction temperature measuring equipment power consumptions
Method, such method is finished there are battery consumption needs the problems such as regularly replacing, at the same can also bring radio transmitted power too small and
By electromagnetic interference around, temperature measurement data transmission is caused mistake occur, and replaces device battery and high-tension switch cabinet is needed to stop supplying
Electricity is not able to satisfy the job requirement of high-tension switch cabinet continuous service.
3) passive and wireless thermometric
Some researchs are made into temperature sensor with surface acoustic wave device, go out temperature information by antenna feedback and are not necessarily to
It powers to senser element, solves relevant issues caused by wired thermometric battery, but this device is immature, the crystal used
Material thermal stability is poor, expensive and the signal quality for not improving wireless transmission method.
For this purpose, needing a kind of switchgear optical fiber grating temperature-measuring early warning system for being able to solve the above problem, can facilitate
To the temperature in switchgear carry out low cost and in real time, accurate detection.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a kind of switchgear optical fiber grating temperature-measuring early warning system,
Its structure is simple, use cost is cheap and is able to carry out real-time online accurately monitors.
Purpose of the utility model is realized as follows:
A kind of switchgear optical fiber grating temperature-measuring early warning system, the system include fiber grating temperature sensor, light point
Road device, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator and server；The fiber grating temperature sensor includes base of ceramic, the base of ceramic
Top is recessed to be formed with a pit, conduction oil is filled in the pit, and a gap is provided in the crater wall of pit, and the one of optical fiber
End is covered with a ceramic cover plate in the pit that gap is inserted in base of ceramic, and at the top of base of ceramic, base of ceramic with
The conduction oil in pit is sealed in base of ceramic by filling with sealant between the seam of ceramic cover plate and in gap, and light
It plants and is suspended in conduction oil in fine one end.
A kind of switchgear optical fiber grating temperature-measuring early warning system of the utility model, the back side of the base of ceramic is provided with structure
Glue-line, multiple fiber grating temperature sensors are adhered on the contact or busbar in switchgear by structural adhesive layer；Optical splitter
It is installed on the outer wall of switchgear, and the optical fiber of fiber grating temperature sensor is pierced by the inlet wire of access optical splitter after switchgear
End, the leading-out terminal of optical splitter are communicated female optical cable and are connected to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, and the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator will demodulate
Signal afterwards passes through network connection to server.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that
The utility model carries out real-time monitoring, fiber grating to the temperature in switchgear using fiber grating temperature sensor
The structure of temperature sensor is simple, easy to use, greatly reduces use cost；And using after fiber grating temperature sensor
It is not easily susceptible to interfere and is not necessarily to power supply, therefore simplify structure, improve detection accuracy；Because of switchgear application fiber grating temperature
After spending the early warning system realization early warning system that sensor is constituted, the real-time online inspection of running equipment of electric system is realized
It surveys, by the analysis and prediction to equipment real time data, prevents the generation of accident, veritably accomplish to prevent trouble before it happens.Secondly
To realize repair based on condition of component from now on, overhaul efficiency is improved, the cost of overhaul is substantially reduced and management cost plays crucial effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of switchgear optical fiber grating temperature-measuring early warning system of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is a kind of knot of the fiber grating temperature sensor of switchgear optical fiber grating temperature-measuring early warning system of the utility model
Structure schematic diagram.
Wherein:
Base of ceramic 1, ceramic cover plate 2, optical fiber 3, structural adhesive layer 4；
Gap 1.1.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the utility model relates to a kind of switchgear optical fiber grating temperature-measuring early warning system, the system
It include fiber grating temperature sensor, optical splitter, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator and server；
The fiber grating temperature sensor includes base of ceramic 1, and 1 top of the base of ceramic is recessed, and to be formed with one recessed
It cheats, is filled with conduction oil in the pit, and be provided with a gap 1.1 in the crater wall of pit, one end of optical fiber 3 passes through gap 1.1
It is inserted in the pit of base of ceramic 1, and the top of base of ceramic 1 is covered with a ceramic cover plate 2, base of ceramic 1 and ceramic cap
The conduction oil in pit is sealed in base of ceramic 1 by filling with sealant between the seam of plate 2 and in gap 1.1, and optical fiber
It plants and is suspended in conduction oil in 3 one end；
The back side of the base of ceramic 1 is provided with structural adhesive layer 4, and multiple fiber grating temperature sensors pass through structural adhesive layer
4 are adhered on contact or busbar in switchgear；Optical splitter is installed on the outer wall of switchgear, and fiber grating temperature sensor
The optical fiber 3 of device is pierced by the end of incoming cables of access optical splitter after switchgear, and the leading-out terminal of optical splitter is communicated female optical cable and is connected to
Signal after demodulation is passed through network connection to server by fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator；
The warning step of the utility model early warning system are as follows: the temperature of each node passes through corresponding ceramics in switchgear
Pedestal 1 be transferred to the optical fiber 3 of fiber grating temperature sensor is constituted in the conduction oil in base of ceramic 1 will be due to temperature change
It obtains optical signal in real time to summarize through optical splitter and the female optical cable of communication to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator believes light
Server is transmitted through the network to after number being demodulated to digital signal；Server by according to the digital signal of acquisition draw temperature and when
Between curve graph and save in the memory of server, when temperature is more than preset value, server will be reported by network module
Alert signal is sent on the mobile phone of responsible person and triggers the alarm module being connected on server and alarms；
Further, when temperature ascension curve is larger in the curve graph that server detects the temperature and time of drafting,
It carries out prompt alarm to send, server will be prompted to signal by network module and be sent on the mobile phone of responsible person and trigger at this time
The alarm module being connected on server is alarmed；Prompt related personnel's temperature rise abnormity, it is most likely that break down, mention
Fault point is discharged in awake related personnel as early as possible.
The theoretical foundation and development of the utility model are as follows:
Optical fiber temperature-measurement method；
With the development of fiber optic communication and integrated optics technique, optical fiber sensing technology is living in the exception that sensor field shows
Jump, compared with traditional sensing technology, the advantage of fibre optical sensor is the physical characteristic of optical fiber itself rather than functional characteristic.Light
The fine exclusive optical fiber of sensing technology is light, diameter is thin, the decaying of electromagnetism interference, anticorrosive, high temperature resistant, signal is small, collection information sensing with
It is transmitted in the features such as integrated, can solve the measurement problem that conventional detection technology is difficult to be competent at completely.It is primarily due to optical fiber itself
It is good insulating materials, realizes the high_voltage isolation of electric system and measuring device naturally, temperature measuring equipment is avoided to cause equipment
Safety accident, while optical fiber is used as the carrier of transmission and transducing signal, it effectively overcomes data in power system environment and passes
Defeated existing strong electromagnetic, measurement result are more accurate.Secondly optical fiber has good flexibility, and diameter is small, light-weight, can
It is detected with being deep into the inaccessiable position of conventional sensors institute, these features determine fibre optic temperature sensor in electric power
The outstanding advantage of system temperature measurement aspect, is the technical way for being more suitable for temperature of high-tension switch cabinet measurement.
According to the principle and effect of optical fiber temperature-measurement, optical fiber temperature-measurement is divided into: optical fiber grating temperature-measuring technology and fiber distribution thermometric
Technology.
Light distributed temperature measuring technology is to propose that it is with optical time domain reflection (OTDR) skill in the 70's ends of last century
The appearance of art and grow up, when being a kind of Raman backscattering signal and light generated when being transmitted in a fiber using laser
Domain principle of reflection obtains the monitoring method of spatial temperature distribution information, it by sensor fibre along field distribution, and using corresponding
Detection Techniques are detected or are monitored to the spatial distribution on optical fiber transmission path and the information changed over time.
Optical fiber grating temperature-measuring technology main devices are Bragg fibre optical sensors.1978, in Canadian Communication Studies
Heart first discovery UV Photosensitivity in Optical Fiber, and self-induction grating is obtained using standing wave wrting method.The human hairs such as G.Meltz in 1989
Ultraviolet light side write-in photosensitive grating technology is opened up, Fiber Bragg Grating technology gradually tends to mature and commercialization.To 1993 time
The progress of fine sensitizing technology and the use of phase mask plate make fiber grating realize batch production.The reflection or transmission of fiber grating
The wavelength at peak is related with the refractive index modulation period of grating and fiber core refractive index, and the variation of ambient temperature or strain will affect
The refractive index modulation period of fiber grating and fiber core refractive index, so as to cause the reflection of fiber grating or the change of peak transmission wavelength
Change, here it is the basic functional principles of fiber-optic grating sensor.Optical fiber used is a kind of to joined in fibre core in Practical Project
The special fiber of light-sensitive material is written with ultraviolet laser to fiber core side using the photorefractive effect of light-sensitive optical fibre, ultraviolet
After exposure the refractive index of fibre core can increase, form the optical grating construction of refractive index cycle variation, pass through measurement reflected light wavelength
Variation, to measure the temperature of testee.
The thermometric feature of above-mentioned optical fiber grating temperature-measuring technology determines that fibre optic temperature sensor is measured in electric system temperature
The outstanding advantage of aspect is the technological means for being more suitable for the measurement of power switch cabinet temperature.
It is further elucidated above for above-mentioned specific embodiment:
1), fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator:
For a plurality of types of optical fiber grating sensing data acquisitions such as optical fiber grating temperature, strain, pressure, displacement and sensing
The demodulation of device signal.Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator encloses width, and high resolution, dynamic range is big, high stable.Synchronous scanning typical frequencies can be
It is set between 1~5Hz, reaches as high as 1KHz；Internal wavelength calibration；The same type optical fiber grating sensing of compatible domestic and foreign manufacturers
Device.
Working principle:
Based on the characteristic of F-P filter, the triangular wave that is generated using digital signal generator is as periodically linearly sweeping
Voltage is retouched to drive F-P filter to work, so that it is corresponding with linear ramp tunable that wideband light source is modulated to wavelength
Inquire light source in narrowband.It inquires narrow band light and enters tested FBG sensor array through coupler, reflectance spectrum is through optical detector and adopts
Truck is converted to digital signal and enters computer, as data to be demodulated.It inquires narrow band light and enters tape label heat surely through coupler
Qualitative criteria has module, and transmitted spectrum is converted to digital signal through optical detector and capture card and enters computer, as real-time
Calibration data.
2), fiber grating temperature sensor
Fiber grating temperature sensor is the temperature element for being directly installed on testee surface, can quick and precisely react institute
Temperature information in position.
Fiber grating is a kind of novel photonic device, it is ordinary optic fibre after special optical technology processing, is made
Its fiber core refractive index is along the axial grating that periodic regularity distribution is presented, a kind of special passive device of formation, effect essence
On be that narrowband (transmission or reflection) optical filter or reflecting mirror are formed in fibre core, the property with wavelength selective filters
Energy.Under the influence of extraneous pressure, temperature, pitch can be changed, changed so as to cause wavelength reflection.According to application
Difference carries out different encapsulation to fiber grating.This patent is for the application in power switch cabinet, using ceramic package, pressure every
Temperature sensor is manufactured from equal measures.
3), server:
Including each temperature sensor, the setting of temperature monitoring parameters, long-range acquisition, the comprehensive inquiry of temperature information
Analysis and temperature prediction alarm etc..
According to the actual situation, the functional module that these application functions can be used as power automatic system exists (will
Temperature information accesses power automatic system by standard data interface), it can also be separately as a set of switch cabinet temperature monitor
Main station system.
Meanwhile after optimization design, pilot switch cabinet temperature of all kinds of operational management personnel by remote access promptly and accurately
Situation, and extend following function:
(1), automatic fire alarm
It focuses fine grating temperature sensor region automatically and carries out real time temperature monitoring, detect the extraordinary wave of scene temperature
It is dynamic, preceding and alarm occurs in fire.
(2), point location is monitored
The number of each power equipment of liquid crystal display real-time display in a manner of electronic map and relevant temperature monitoring point and work as
Preceding temperature value and actual geographic position, facilitate manager works and maintenance.
(3), telecommunication network presence is inquired
The temperature and warning message of each monitoring point are all saved in bulk storage, and system divides data according to the time
For historical information, real time information;The real-time state monitoring time interval that management operator can dynamically adjust point being monitored is full
Sufficient actual requirement;Management operator can check the historical temperature change curve of each monitoring point on a local area network, be decision and dimension
Shield provides data and supports;
(4), alarm settings
Can the overtemperature alarm trigger condition to switchgear contact temperature set, be applicable in Various Seasonal temperature condition under
And under the conditions of different load power switch cabinet actual motion temperature difference
(5), temperature statistics
Can provide equipment maximum operating temperature value and its time of origin, the Position Number of duration and corresponding monitoring point and
Geography information.
(6), system interlink
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator remote alarm interface output switching value can be directly accessed the existing fire control device in instrument operation room,
It realizes fire alarm and is shown in fire watch room, related personnel's mobile phone can also be sent information to by SMS.
(7), route self-test and fault location
With self-checking function, can loss to optical fiber transmission line and breakpoint location be accurately positioned, facilitate system tune
Examination, maintenance and line maintenance.
(8), integrated with existing background system
Acquisition data are easily given into electric system backstage, realize remote access data.
In addition: it should be noted that above-mentioned specific embodiment is only a prioritization scheme of this patent, the skill of this field
Any change or improvement that art personnel are done according to above-mentioned design, within the protection domain of this patent..
Claims (1)
1. a kind of switchgear optical fiber grating temperature-measuring early warning system, it is characterised in that: the system includes that optical fiber grating temperature passes
Sensor, optical splitter, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator and server；The fiber grating temperature sensor includes base of ceramic (1),
It is recessed at the top of the base of ceramic (1) to be formed with a pit, conduction oil is filled in the pit, and be provided in the crater wall of pit
One gap (1.1), one end of optical fiber (3) passes through gap (1.1) and is inserted in the pit of base of ceramic (1), and base of ceramic (1)
Top be covered with a ceramic cover plate (2), between base of ceramic (1) and the seam of ceramic cover plate (2) and gap (1.1) in
Conduction oil in pit is sealed in base of ceramic (1) by filling with sealant, and one end of optical fiber (3) is planted and is suspended in thermally conductive
In oil；The back side of the base of ceramic (1) is provided with structural adhesive layer (4), and multiple fiber grating temperature sensors pass through structure glue
Layer (4) is adhered on the contact or busbar in switchgear；Optical splitter is installed on the outer wall of switchgear, and optical fiber grating temperature
The optical fiber (3) of sensor is pierced by the end of incoming cables of access optical splitter after switchgear, and the leading-out terminal of optical splitter is communicated female optical cable
It is connected to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, the signal after demodulation is passed through network connection to server by the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109443562A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-03-08 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司江阴市供电分公司 | Switchgear optical fiber grating temperature-measuring method for early warning |
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