CN209402157U - Busbar structure for power distribution system - Google Patents

Busbar structure for power distribution system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN209402157U
CN209402157U CN201920360928.9U CN201920360928U CN209402157U CN 209402157 U CN209402157 U CN 209402157U CN 201920360928 U CN201920360928 U CN 201920360928U CN 209402157 U CN209402157 U CN 209402157U
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
busbar
conduct piece
low
capacitor
conductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201920360928.9U
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵宇明
童亦斌
孙杰
鲁超
艾精文
刘国伟
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Power Supply Co ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Power Supply Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Power Supply Co ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Power Supply Co ltd
Priority to CN201920360928.9U priority Critical patent/CN209402157U/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN209402157U publication Critical patent/CN209402157U/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Landscapes

  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model relates to a female structure of arranging for distribution system, include: the first busbar and the second busbar are arranged in parallel; and the first end of the conductive piece is electrically connected with the first busbar, the second end of the conductive piece is electrically connected with the second busbar, and the conductive piece is electrically connected with a capacitor. Through the busbar structure, each low-voltage direct-current power supply in the low-voltage direct-current system can be interconnected, power mutual aid between the low-voltage direct-current power supplies is realized, namely, each low-voltage direct-current power supply can supply power for a local load and can be connected to a bus, the utilization rate of a direct-current converter in the low-voltage direct-current power supplies is improved, and the problem of low utilization rate of the direct-current converter caused by different load sizes of each low-voltage direct-current power supply in the low-voltage direct-current system is effectively solved.

Description

Busbar structure for distribution system
Technical field
The utility model relates to distribution technique fields, more particularly to a kind of busbar structure for distribution system.
Background technique
Low-voltage direct-current system can be applied to the power plants such as waterpower, firepower, provide power supply for equipment such as breaker, plug-in strips.Mesh Before, there are many low-voltage dc power supplies in low-voltage direct-current system, and these low-voltage dc power supplies are mutually indepedent, are locally associated negative Carry power supply.
Under normal circumstances, the payload size of each low-voltage dc power supply is different in low-voltage direct-current system, leads to the low pressure having DC power supply is in overload, and some is in light condition, can thus there is different supply frequency points, reduces low Press the utilization rate of DC converter in DC power supply.
Utility model content
Based on this, it is necessary to caused by the payload size difference because of low-voltage dc power supply each in low-voltage direct-current system The low problem of DC converter utilization rate in low-voltage dc power supply provides a kind of busbar structure for distribution system.
A kind of busbar structure for distribution system, comprising:
The first busbar and the second busbar being set in parallel;
Conduct piece, the first end of conduct piece are electrically connected with the first busbar, and the second end of conduct piece is electrically connected with the second busbar, And capacitor is electrically connected on conduct piece.
Conduct piece is equipped with cavity in one of the embodiments, and two pins of capacitor are plugged in cavity, and capacitor Two pins between be isolated by collets, collets be arranged in cavity.
The first conductive insertion tube and the second conductive insertion tube are also connected on conduct piece in one of the embodiments, capacitor One pin is plugged in the first conductive insertion tube after passing through cavity, another pin is plugged on the second conductive insertion tube after passing through cavity It is interior.
The first fastening bolt, the press of the first fastening bolt are screwed in the first conductive insertion tube in one of the embodiments, On a pin of capacitor;It is screwed with the second fastening bolt in second conductive insertion tube, the second fastening bolt presses against capacitor On another pin.
Be equipped with conductive sleeve on the first busbar and the second busbar in one of the embodiments, the first end of conduct piece with Conductive sleeve on first busbar is connected, and the second end of conduct piece is connected with the conductive sleeve on the second busbar.
Inserting groove, the first end and second end difference of conduct piece are provided on conductive sleeve in one of the embodiments, It is plugged in the inserting groove of corresponding conductive sleeve.
The first busbar and the second busbar connect rubber sleeve, conduct piece by insulating bar in one of the embodiments, First end pass through the first busbar on rubber sleeve after be connected with the conductive sleeve on the first busbar, the second end of conduct piece passes through It is connected after rubber sleeve on second busbar with the conductive sleeve on the second busbar.
Insulating bar includes the first insulating bar and the second insulating bar in one of the embodiments, and rubber sleeve is located at corresponding exhausted Between the first insulating bar and the second insulating bar of edge bar.
It is also connected between the first busbar and the second busbar in one of the embodiments, busbar structure to be fixed on The connector of default installed position.
The middle part of connector is equipped with busbar structure is fixed on default installed position in one of the embodiments, Through-hole, the both ends of connector are equipped with briquetting, and the briquetting of one end of connector is pressed on the first busbar, the briquetting of the other end It is pressed on the second busbar.
The above-mentioned busbar structure for distribution system, including the first busbar, the second busbar and conduct piece, wherein first Busbar and the second busbar are set in parallel, and the first end of conduct piece is electrically connected with the first busbar, the second end of conduct piece and second Busbar electrical connection, and capacitor is electrically connected on conduct piece.It, can be by low-pressure direct each in low-voltage direct-current system by the busbar structure Galvanic electricity source interconnection is got up, and realizes that the power between low-voltage dc power supply mutually helps, i.e., each low-voltage dc power supply can be to local negative Power supply is carried, and may be coupled to bus, the utilization rate of DC converter in low-voltage dc power supply is improved, efficiently solves because low The low problem of DC converter utilization rate caused by the payload size of each low-voltage dc power supply is different in straightening streaming system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram in one embodiment for the busbar structure of distribution system;
Fig. 2 is to pass through interface circuit in one embodiment for the structural schematic diagram of multiple low-voltage DC source interconnections;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation connecting for capacitor in the busbar structure of distribution system with conduct piece in one embodiment Figure;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram in another embodiment for the busbar structure of distribution system;
Fig. 5 is shown in Fig. 4 for the enlarged diagram at location A in the busbar structure of distribution system;
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram in another embodiment for the busbar structure of distribution system;
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram in one embodiment for connector in the busbar structure of distribution system.
Specific embodiment
To keep the above objects, features, and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, with reference to the accompanying drawing to this The specific embodiment of utility model is described in detail.Many details are explained in the following description in order to abundant Understand the utility model.But the utility model can be implemented with being much different from other way described herein, this field Technical staff can do similar improvement without prejudice to the utility model connotation, therefore the utility model is not by following public affairs The limitation for the specific implementation opened.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein are led with the technology for belonging to the utility model The normally understood meaning of the technical staff in domain is identical.Terminology used in the description of the utility model herein only be The purpose of description specific embodiment, it is not intended that in limitation the utility model.Each technical characteristic of above embodiments can be with Arbitrarily combined, for simplicity of description, it is not all possible to each technical characteristic in above-described embodiment combination all into Row description, as long as all should be considered as described in this specification however, there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram in one embodiment for the busbar structure of distribution system.As shown in Figure 1, for matching The busbar structure of electric system includes: the first busbar 11, the second busbar 12 and conduct piece 20, wherein the first busbar 11 and second is female Row 12 is set in parallel, and the first end of conduct piece 20 is electrically connected with the first busbar 11, the second end of conduct piece 20 and the second busbar 12 electrical connections, and capacitor 30 is electrically connected on conduct piece 20.
Specifically, the first busbar 11 and the second busbar 12 can be copper bus-bar or aluminium bus array etc., the first busbar 11 and second About 12 busbar is parallel-laid into presence.One or more conduct pieces 20 can be connected between first busbar 11 and the second busbar 12, When being connected with multiple conduct pieces 20 between the first busbar 11 and the second busbar 12, equally set between multiple conduct pieces 20 It sets, for example, multiple conduct pieces 20 are equidistantly arranged in parallel vertically from left to right, conduct piece 20 can be conductive bar or conducting rod etc.. It is also electrically connected with capacitor 30 on each conduct piece 20, for example, it is electrically connected a capacitor 30 in the middle position of each conduct piece 20, To form a busbar structure.Low-voltage DC source interconnection each in low-voltage direct-current system is got up by the busbar structure, It realizes that the power between low-voltage dc power supply mutually helps, improves the utilization rate of DC converter in low-voltage dc power supply.
In practical applications, the busbar structure of the present embodiment can will be multiple low in low-voltage direct-current system by interface circuit Straightening galvanic electricity source interconnection is got up, wherein interface circuit may include semibridge system interface circuit, Buck type interface circuit and Boost Type interface circuit etc., specifically refers to shown in Fig. 2.When being interconnected by interface circuit, the first input end of interface circuit It is respectively connected to low-voltage dc power supply with the second input terminal, the first output end and second output terminal of interface circuit are respectively connected to Busbar structure gets up multiple low-voltage DC source interconnections, realizes that the power between low-voltage dc power supply mutually helps, i.e., each low Pressure DC power supply can give local load supplying and be connected to bus by interface circuit, for example, the function that ought locally load When rate is less than rated value, the output voltage of control interface is certain value;When the power locally loaded is greater than rated value, control The output voltage of interface circuit processed reduces, so that it obtains power from DC master row, to improve in low-voltage dc power supply The utilization rate of DC converter.Meanwhile when interface circuit work is under high frequency state, due to the first busbar 11 and the second busbar Distributed inductance can be generated on 12, and the capacitor 30 on distributed inductance and conduct piece 20 can constitute low-pass filter, so as to High-frequency Interference on interface circuit switching device is filtered out, is effectively avoided additionally increasing inductance and capacitor to realize filter function, The volume of entire low-voltage direct-current system is effectively reduced, is reduced costs simultaneously.
In one embodiment, as shown in figure 3, conduct piece 20 is equipped with cavity 21, two pins of capacitor 30 are plugged on It in cavity 21, and is isolated between two pins of capacitor 30 by collets 22, collets 22 are arranged 21 in cavity.
Specifically, cavity 21 can be set on conduct piece 20 according to the spacing between two pins of capacitor 30, and according to electricity Hold 30 two pins between line space design collets 22 size, the collets 22 be arranged in capacitor 30 two pins it Between, other than insulating for two pins to capacitor 30, also act as the effect of fixed support.Assembly when, can first by Collets 22 are placed between two pins of capacitor 30, and then two pins of capacitor 30 are plugged in cavity 21.
In one embodiment, the first conductive insertion tube 23 and the second conductive insertion tube 24, capacitor are also connected on conduct piece 20 30 pin is plugged in the first conductive insertion tube 23 after passing through cavity 21, another pin, which passes through, is plugged on the after cavity 21 In two conductive insertion tubes 24.Further, in one embodiment, it is screwed with the first fastening bolt 25 in the first conductive insertion tube 23, First fastening bolt 25 presses against on a pin of capacitor 30;It is screwed with the second fastening bolt 26 in second conductive insertion tube 24, Second fastening bolt 26 presses against on another pin of capacitor 30.
Specifically, refering to what is shown in Fig. 3, the first conductive insertion tube 23 can be arranged on the conduct piece 20 in 22 left side of collets, and The conductive insertion tube 23 of setting second on the conduct piece 20 on 22 right side of collets can be incited somebody to action when capacitor 30 is connected with conduct piece 20 One pin of capacitor 30 passes through cavity 21 and is plugged in the first conductive insertion tube 23, and another pin of capacitor 30 is passed through sky Chamber 21 is plugged in the second conductive insertion tube 23, capacitor 30 not only can be fixed, and can effectively avoid capacitor 30 Two pins be exposed to outer and Danger Electric shock risk occur.Further, it is tight to be also screwed with first for the bottom end of the first conductive insertion tube 23 The bottom end of fixing bolt 25, the second conductive insertion tube 24 is also screwed with the second fastening bolt 26, by the first fastening bolt 25 to capacitor 30 pin is pressed, and is pressed by another pin of the second fastening screw 26 to capacitor 30, will be electric Two pins of appearance 30 are separately fixed in corresponding conductive insertion tube.In this way, by the way that two pins of capacitor are plugged on conduction In insertion tube, and be fixed and clamped by fastening bolt, without weld can be realized safety between capacitor 30 and conduct piece 20, It is reliably connected, prevents in work or transportational process, since vibration etc. causes capacitor 30 to fall off from conduct piece 20, while facilitating again The dismounting of capacitor 30, to facilitate the replacement of capacitor 30, and disassembling operations are simple.
In one embodiment, conductive as shown in figure 4, being equipped with conductive sleeve 40 on the first busbar 11 and the second busbar 12 The first end of part 20 is connected with the conductive sleeve 40 on the first busbar 11, the second end of conduct piece 20 and leading on the second busbar 12 Electricity set 40 is connected.Further, in one embodiment, it as shown in figure 5, being provided with inserting groove 41 on conductive sleeve 40, leads The first end and second end of electric part 20 is plugged on respectively in the inserting groove 41 of corresponding conductive sleeve 40.
Specifically, with reference to shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, in the side of the first busbar 11 and the second busbar 12 that conduct piece 20 is joined Wall may be provided with conductive sleeve 40, and inserting groove 41 is provided on conductive sleeve 40, and the both ends of conduct piece 20 are plugged on respectively accordingly leads In the inserting groove 41 of electricity set 40, to realize being bonded for conduct piece 20 and two busbars, while facilitating conduct piece 20 and two again The fractionation of a busbar, is conducive to replacement of element.That is, by the way that conduct piece 20 to be flexibly connected with conductive sleeve 40, it can be square Just two busbars are dismounted with conduct piece 20, to facilitate the replacement of conduct piece or busbar.
In one embodiment, as shown in figure 5, the first busbar 11 and the second busbar 12 are connected with rubber by insulating bar 50 Gum cover 60, the first end of conduct piece 20 pass through after the rubber sleeve 60 on the first busbar 11 with 40 phase of conductive sleeve on the first busbar 11 Connection, the second end of conduct piece 20 are connected after passing through the rubber sleeve 60 on the second busbar 12 with the conductive sleeve 40 on the second busbar 12 It connects.
Specifically, refering to what is shown in Fig. 5, the side wall of the first busbar 11 and the second busbar 12 that conduct piece 20 is joined can pass through Rubber sleeve 60 is fixedly installed in insulating bar 50, and the both ends port diameter of rubber sleeve 60 is greater than its bosom diameter, conduct piece 20 both ends may pass through rubber sleeve 60 and be plugged in the inserting groove 41 of corresponding conductive sleeve 40, and conduct piece 20 and two busbars is facilitated to protect It keeps steady and is solidly connected.
In one embodiment, refering to what is shown in Fig. 5, insulating bar 50 includes the first insulating bar and the second insulating bar, rubber sleeve 60 are located between the first insulating bar and the second insulating bar of corresponding insulating bar 50.For example, the first insulating bar and the second insulating bar are in One end of bending state, one end of the first insulating bar and the second insulating bar is symmetrically fixed on the periphery of conductive sleeve 40, rubber sleeve 60 It is fixed between the other end of the first insulating bar and the other end of the second insulating bar, conduct piece 20 is plugged on across rubber sleeve 60 and leads In the inserting groove 41 of electricity set 40.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, being also connected between the first busbar 11 and the second busbar 12 to by busbar Structure is fixed on the connector 70 of default installed position.The connector 70 can be connection strap or connecting rod etc., and number can Think one or more, it is preferable that the number of connector 70 is two, when connector 70 includes two connectors 70, two Connector 70 is located at the tip position of two busbars, and busbar structure is fixed on default installation by two connectors 70 At position, for example, busbar structure is fixed on the shell of relevant device by two connectors 70, to guarantee fixed stabilization Property.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the middle part of connector 70 is equipped with busbar structure is fixed on default peace Through-hole 71 at holding position, the both ends of connector 70 are equipped with briquetting 72, and the briquetting 72 of one end of connector 70 is pressed on first On busbar 11, the briquetting 72 of the other end is pressed on the second busbar 12.Further, snapping groove is provided on briquetting 72 721, during installation, the first busbar 11 is received in the snapping groove 721 of the briquetting 72 of 70 one end of connector, the second busbar 12 are received in the snapping groove 721 of the briquetting 72 of 70 other end of connector.
Specifically, a connector 70 can be vertically arranged respectively between two busbar ends, and in the connector 70 Between offer a through-hole 71 (such as screw hole) at position, and two ends of connector 70 are fixedly installed briquetting 72 respectively, And the side of 72 face busbar of briquetting is provided with snapping groove 721.When busbar structure is fixed on the shell of relevant device, The snapping groove 721 of briquetting 72 first can be directed at busbar, two parallel up and down busbars are pressed on correlation by briquetting 72 On the shell of equipment, then pass through in through-hole 71 connecting screw to the shell of relevant device, so that busbar structure is fixedly mounted. Wherein, snapping groove 721 can be trapezoidal groove, in order to clamping busbar, prevent busbar structure deviation from falling off.
The above-mentioned busbar structure for distribution system can play low-voltage DC source interconnection each in low-voltage direct-current system Come, realize that the power between low-voltage dc power supply mutually helps, i.e., each low-voltage dc power supply can to local load supplying and with It is connected to bus, the utilization rate of DC converter in low-voltage dc power supply is improved, efficiently solves because in low-voltage direct-current system The low problem of DC converter utilization rate caused by the payload size of each low-voltage dc power supply is different.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.The utility model is several above described embodiment only expresses Embodiment, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, and but it cannot be understood as the limitations to utility model patent range.It answers It, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, can be with when, it is noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art Several modifications and improvements are made, these are all within the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection model of the utility model patent Enclosing should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of busbar structure for distribution system, which is characterized in that the busbar structure includes:
The first busbar and the second busbar being set in parallel;
Conduct piece, the first end of the conduct piece are electrically connected with first busbar, the second end of the conduct piece and described the The electrical connection of two busbars, and capacitor is electrically connected on the conduct piece.
2. busbar structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the conduct piece is equipped with cavity, the capacitor Two pins are plugged in the cavity, and are isolated between two pins of the capacitor by collets, the collets It is arranged in the cavity.
3. busbar structure according to claim 2, which is characterized in that be also connected with the first conductive insertion tube on the conduct piece With the second conductive insertion tube, a pin of the capacitor is plugged in the described first conductive insertion tube after passing through the cavity, another A pin is plugged in the described second conductive insertion tube after passing through the cavity.
4. busbar structure according to claim 3, which is characterized in that be screwed with the first fastening in the described first conductive insertion tube Bolt, first fastening bolt press against on a pin of the capacitor;Second is screwed in described second conductive insertion tube Fastening bolt, second fastening bolt press against on another pin of the capacitor.
5. busbar structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be all provided on first busbar and second busbar There is conductive sleeve, the first end of the conduct piece is connected with the conductive sleeve on first busbar, the second end of the conduct piece It is connected with the conductive sleeve on second busbar.
6. busbar structure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that inserting groove is provided on the conductive sleeve, it is described The first end and second end of conduct piece is plugged on respectively in the inserting groove of corresponding conductive sleeve.
7. busbar structure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that first busbar and second busbar pass through Insulating bar connects rubber sleeve, and the first end of the conduct piece passes through after the rubber sleeve on first busbar with described the The conductive sleeve on one busbar is connected, after the second end of the conduct piece passes through the rubber sleeve on second busbar It is connected with the conductive sleeve on second busbar.
8. busbar structure according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the insulating bar includes that the first insulating bar and second are exhausted Edge bar, the rubber sleeve are located between first insulating bar and second insulating bar of corresponding insulating bar.
9. busbar structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that between first busbar and second busbar also It is connected with the connector the busbar structure to be fixed on to default installed position.
10. busbar structure according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the middle part of the connector is equipped with to will be described Busbar structure is fixed on the through-hole of the default installed position, and the both ends of the connector are equipped with briquetting, the connector The briquetting of one end be pressed on first busbar, the briquetting of the other end is pressed on second busbar.
CN201920360928.9U 2019-03-20 2019-03-20 Busbar structure for power distribution system Active CN209402157U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201920360928.9U CN209402157U (en) 2019-03-20 2019-03-20 Busbar structure for power distribution system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201920360928.9U CN209402157U (en) 2019-03-20 2019-03-20 Busbar structure for power distribution system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN209402157U true CN209402157U (en) 2019-09-17

Family

ID=67899862

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201920360928.9U Active CN209402157U (en) 2019-03-20 2019-03-20 Busbar structure for power distribution system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN209402157U (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109830951A (en) * 2019-03-20 2019-05-31 深圳供电局有限公司 Busbar structure for power distribution system
JP7509891B2 (en) 2020-08-19 2024-07-02 日立Astemo株式会社 EMC filter and power conversion device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109830951A (en) * 2019-03-20 2019-05-31 深圳供电局有限公司 Busbar structure for power distribution system
JP7509891B2 (en) 2020-08-19 2024-07-02 日立Astemo株式会社 EMC filter and power conversion device

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN209402157U (en) Busbar structure for power distribution system
CA2800420C (en) Externally fused enclosure for a solar power system
WO2013081851A1 (en) Photovoltaic string combiner with disconnect having provision for converting between grounded and ungrounded systems
CN105305108B (en) The plug assembly of beaming type bus
CN204696463U (en) Data center's distribution system easily extensible jack box
CN109830951A (en) Busbar structure for power distribution system
CN205123391U (en) Low -pressure control case emergency power source access device
CN202817584U (en) Low voltage power distribution cabinet switching part
CN104934859A (en) Bus connecting device of medium voltage switchgear and method of connecting bus by utilizing bus connecting device
CN207425699U (en) For the bus adaption device of fuse disconnecting switch
CN113629531A (en) Drawer type rack box
CN208739269U (en) Power supply unit applied to flat panel TV
CN201927924U (en) Secondary plugging structure of handcart type high voltage switch cabinet
CN218887942U (en) Extractable power distribution module
CN104659661B (en) Power distribution cabinet
CN215933393U (en) Modularized intelligent capacitor and low-voltage reactive power compensation device
CN218275293U (en) Liquid cooling surpasses fills copper bar grafting structure of stake
CN105092949A (en) Plastic shell type current acquisition module for photovoltaic combiner box
CN215732952U (en) DC combiner box of external fuse
CN107154586B (en) Compact low-voltage power distribution cabinet
CN210744690U (en) Novel rail-mounted terminal bus power supply functional module
CN219554122U (en) Special quick assembly disassembly formula jumper cable of 400V power supply point
CN212277685U (en) Multi-port direct current power supply system
CN216289658U (en) Drawer type rack box
CN219394439U (en) Direct current shunt box and photovoltaic power generation system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant