CN209343848U - Contact line, contact net, unmanned plane and charging rod - Google Patents

Abstract

This case is related to contact line, contact net and the matched unmanned plane and charging rod to charge to unmanned plane.The contact line is mainly made of the core of surface twisted layer and its package；Surface twisted layer is mainly twisted by single metal wire (101) and insulation gap line (102), and the surface layer of core is insulating materials；Surface twisted layer has at least two surface conductors (190), insulate each other, is distributed in the shape of a spiral around the core, can form complete charging circuit；In this way, contact net only needs a piece contact line of erection that can work；In addition, inner conductor (103), which is used to relay to electric power, provides high-voltage feedback power, built-in optical fiber (105) can provide communication relay；Contact net overall structure is simple, easily fabricated, installation and maintenance；Matched unmanned plane can stop charging in contact line, and be performed simultaneously monitoring task；Matched charging rod can provide compatible stop website.

Description

Contact line, contact net, unmanned plane and charging rod

Technical field

This case belongs to unmanned plane field, and in particular to unmanned plane charge contact line, contact net and it is matched nobody Machine and charging rod.

Background technique

Unmanned plane starts to set applied to line styles such as transmission line of electricity, oil pipeline, traffic route, security protection circumference, boundaries at present The inspection applied.The cruising ability of battery is always a bottleneck of patrol unmanned machine application, and usual unmanned plane flies 30 in the sky It just needs to return ground charging or replacement battery after minute, can just continue to execute aerial mission, such case just restricts significantly The operating range and fixed point surveillance coverage of unmanned plane.Fixed point monitoring refers to the scene of the accident, fault point or other specific regions Lasting monitoring.

Charge point is arranged on polling path can alleviate this problem.The gross morphology of charge point is unmanned shuts down at present Level ground.The product of German Skysense company exploitation includes the charging plate an of surface gold-plating, and Gold plated Layer is according to specific rule It is divided into several conducting areas and distributes electrode；By external power supply, the plate that charges can provide the charging electricity of 10A for unmanned plane Stream.The frame foot of stopping over of unmanned plane is equipped with gold plating spring contact, is connected to battery charger by lead；Unmanned plane in this way It drops on charging plate, gold plating spring contact is contacted with charging plate, so that it may be charged, not needed someone in the process and exist Intervened and assisted in scene.The problem of unmanned airplane parking area, is the requirement for having addressing to take up an area and power, and lacks flexibility, cost On do not allow to lay with intensive interval yet, in charging, monitoring task generally can not be performed simultaneously.

Another scheme is to be arranged on electric pole to be affiliated to charge point.201710029095.3 disclosure of Chinese Patent Application No. It is a kind of to be affiliated to charging system for multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, machinery is affiliated to by installing one at the top of multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle Arm is affiliated to the charging pile that mechanical arm is affiliated to unification for this, realizes being affiliated to and charge while carrying out for multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle. Charging and fixed point monitoring on inspection route are solved the problems, such as with this scheme, need to be transformed work one by one to a large amount of electric poles, And the mechanical arm configuration for being affiliated to charging of unmanned plane is complex, and weight is also larger.

Existing traffic contact system technology is used for reference, along inspection route arrangement overhead contact line, so that it may whenever and wherever possible for Unmanned plane provides charging and fixed point monitoring anchor point.But current contact net generally comprises contact line, contact line hoisting bracket, electricity Bar, high voltage supply line and transformer equipment, structure is complicated, and electric pole spacing is small, and the workload of installation and maintenance is very big.

It powers along inspection route as it can be seen that being realized with the prior art, workload is all very big, and construction and maintenance cost are high.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this case is to provide for the contact line to charge to unmanned plane, contact net, and structure is simple, easily fabricated, peace Dress and maintenance.

In order to solve the above technical problems, this case is related to contact line, contact net, unmanned plane and fills under the same design Four kinds of products of electric pole, are achieved through the following technical solutions respectively:

A kind of contact line, which is characterized in that mainly by surface twisted layer and the core group wrapped up by the surface twisted layer At；The surface twisted layer is mainly twisted by more single metal wires and Duo Gen insulation gap line, at least there are two not phases Adjacent single metal wire is each provided at least one insulation gap line, the insulation gap in the both wings twisted wire for being spaced them Line, which is made of insulating material or is included outside conductor, coats insulating materials；The surface layer of the core is insulating materials；Thus surface Twisted layer has at least two surface conductors, insulate each other, is distributed in the shape of a spiral around the core.

One of preferably, further include surface insulation layer, coats the surface twisted layer.

One of preferably, the single metal wire of the surface twisted layer and the period that is distributed as of insulation gap line divide Cloth, each period are continuously n root single metal wire occur, then continuously occur m root insulation gap line again, the quantity in period is 2, 3,4 or 6, n and m are greater than zero, n and m can be equal, can also be unequal.

One of preferably, the core has inner conductor, is surrounded by insulator materials.

One of preferably, further include optical fiber, is arranged in the twisted wire or core of surface twisted layer.

One of preferably, the core is for tension members or including tension members.

A kind of contact net, including charging circuit power supply, electric pole and the above-mentioned contact line of at least one, the contact line is by described Electric pole built on stilts installation, the surface conductor of the contact line are entirely or partly assigned as charging circuit, the charging circuit electricity The output end in source accesses the charging circuit.

One of preferably, the charging circuit power supply is the dropping equipment being distributed along one group, further includes feed Line power also has the inner conductor being surrounded by insulator materials in the core of the contact line；It leads the inside of the contact line Body is entirely or partly assigned as feeder line, and the output end of the feeder line power supply and the high pressure of the dropping equipment are defeated Enter the end access feeder line in parallel；The low-voltage output parallel connection of the dropping equipment accesses the charging circuit.

One of preferably, it further include control device, the control device includes computer control module, switch portion Part, communication module；The computer control module is separately connected the switch block and communication module；The switch block setting In connecting line of the charging circuit power supply to charging circuit；The communication module include at least WIFI module, unmanned plane without One of line electricity module, power line carrier module, mobile telephone network module.

One of preferably, the contact line further includes the twisted wire or the intracorporal light of core that surface twisted layer is arranged in Fibre, the control device further include fiber optic telecommunications module, are connect with the optical fiber and the computer control module.

One of preferably, the contact line further includes the twisted wire or the intracorporal light of core that surface twisted layer is arranged in Fibre further includes fiber optic telecommunications module, control device and Local Communication Module；The control device include computer control module, Switch block, the computer control module connect the switch block, and the switch block setting is in the charging circuit electricity Source is into the connecting line of charging circuit；The fiber optic telecommunications module, with the optical fiber, the computer control module and described The connection of ground communication module；The Local Communication Module includes at least WIFI module, unmanned aerial vehicle radio module, power line carrier mould One of block.

A kind of unmanned plane, including body, battery charger, which is characterized in that it further include the hook positioned at body upper, With the armstand for connecting the hook and the body, the hook inside upper part is provided with metal contact, passes through lead and charging Circuit connection, the form of hook include at least one of following two situation:

A, a hook have at least two metal contacts, arranged apart along hook top inner edge；

B, at least tool is there are two hook, their opening direction is in the same side of their lines of centres.

One of preferably, the tool hook identical and vertical with their lines of centres there are two opening direction, each There are two metal contacts for hook tool, arranged apart along hook top inner edge.

One of preferably, it further include gripping device and motor positioned at hook downside；The motor is fixed on described Armstand top, shaft connection described in grip device, device is gripped described in driving and is moved between putting down and gripping two angle positions；Institute It states to grip and is provided with metal contact on the inside of device, connected by lead with the battery charger.

One of preferably, the hook is connected by a shaft with the armstand, further includes being located under hook Side grips device, and the device that grips is connected by another shaft with the armstand, further includes a corner amplification transmission mechanism, It connects the hook and grips device；Described grip is provided with metal contact on the inside of device, passes through lead and the battery charger Connection；The corner amplification transmission mechanism is the double lever of connecting rod link, long hole-double lever of pin link, gear drive, internal tooth One of belt transmission.

One of preferably, there is sharp protrusion on the working face of the metal contact.

A kind of charging rod, including charging circuit power supply, column, which is characterized in that further include contact arm, one end is fixed on institute State the top of column, the contact arm includes the core of at least two surface conductors and a surface insulation, the surface conductor, By fixed knot away from, in the shape of a spiral around the core be distributed, be entirely or partly assigned as charging circuit, the charging circuit The output end of power supply accesses the charging circuit.

One of preferably, it further include control device, the control device includes computer control module, switch portion Part, communication module；The computer control module is separately connected the switch block and communication module；The switch block setting In connecting line of the charging circuit power supply to charging circuit；The communication module include at least WIFI module, unmanned plane without One of line electricity module, power line carrier module, mobile telephone network module.

The beneficial effect of this case is:

The conductor for two or more mutually insulateds that contact line is arranged in a twisting type contact line, matched unmanned plane It only needs to overlap single contact wire body, charge circuit can be formed；In this way, contact net only needs a piece contact line of erection can work Make.

Also, inner conductor can be set in core, be used for high-voltage feedback power, provide electric power relaying for charging circuit；In this way, Without laying external power supply along discrete parallel high voltage supply line, or dependence, so that it may realize long range charging circuit；Built-in Optical fiber can also provide reliable UAV Communication relaying and the monitoring network of itself.

Surface insulation layer is conducive to that surface conductor is protected not may cause table by the erosion of atmosphere and pollution, especially pollution Electricity or electric leakage are climbed between the conductor of face.

Strand structures are simple, are readily produced, and installed using tension, and electric pole spacing can be larger, also do not need lifting branch Frame, it is only necessary to lay root contact line, structure is simple, easily fabricated, installation and maintenance.Contact net overall structure is simple, easily fabricated, Installation and maintenance.

Matched unmanned plane can stop charging in contact line, and be performed simultaneously monitoring task.

Matched charging rod can not or without bracing wire occasion, provide a compatible stop charging for unmanned plane Website.

Detailed description of the invention

Including 14 width attached drawings, it is described as follows:

Fig. 1 is 1 structural schematic diagram of contact line embodiment

Fig. 2 is 2 structural schematic diagram of contact line embodiment

Fig. 3 is 3 structural schematic diagram of contact line embodiment

Fig. 4 is 4 structural schematic diagram of contact line embodiment

Fig. 5 is contact net Examples 1 and 2 structural schematic diagram

Fig. 6 is 1 distribution box schematic diagram of internal structure of contact net embodiment

Fig. 7 is 2 distribution box schematic diagram of internal structure of contact net embodiment

Fig. 8 is 1 structural schematic diagram of unmanned aerial vehicle example

Fig. 9 is 2 structural schematic diagram of unmanned aerial vehicle example

Figure 10 is 3 structural schematic diagram of unmanned aerial vehicle example

Figure 11 is 4 structural schematic diagram of unmanned aerial vehicle example

Figure 12 is 5 structural schematic diagram of unmanned aerial vehicle example

Figure 13 is unmanned plane charging circuit rectifier wiring schematic diagram

Figure 14 is charging rod example structure schematic diagram

In the figures above:

101 be single metal wire, and 102 be insulation gap line, and 103 be inner conductor, and 104 be tension members, and 105 be optical fiber, 110 be surface insulation layer, and 190 be surface conductor；

201 be contact line (referring to), and 202 be control device, and 203 be computer control module, and 204 be power line carrier mould Block, 205 be wireless communication module, and 206 be power module, and 207 be switch block, and 208 be sampling ammeter, and 209 be fiber optic communication Module, 210 be dropping equipment, and 251 be electric pole, and 252 be power supply, and 253 be distribution box, and 261 be upcoming contact line, and 262 be downlink Contact line, 291 be feeder line, and 292 be charging circuit, and 299 be remote terminal；

300 be unmanned plane, and 301 be fuselage, and 302 be service load, and 303 be hook, and 304 be armstand, and 305 is grip device, 306 be steering engine, and 307 is grip device shaft, and 308 be hook shaft, and 310 be metal contact (referring to), and 311 touch for the first metal Head, 312 be the second metal contact, and 313 be third metal contact, and 314 be the 4th metal contact, and 318 be fairlead, and 319 be to draw Line, 320 be battery charge circuit block, and 321 be the first rectifier, and 322 be the second rectifier, 331 gear wheels, 332 pinion gears, 333 tumbler gears, 335 limited blocks, 336 big belt pulleys, 337 small belt pulleys, 338 belts, 341 connecting rods, 351 long holes, 352 pins；

401 be column, and 402 be contact arm, and 403 be distribution box, and 411 be surface conductor, and 412 be insulation base, and 413 are Support tube.

Specific embodiment

The specific embodiment of this case product is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, be divided into contact line, contact net, nobody Machine and charging rod totally four parts.

First part's contact line

General description:

Contact line is twisted wire, is mainly made of the core of surface twisted layer and its package.Surface twisted layer is with regular strand The equal or roughly equal single wires wound of one group of diameter in a core surface, is formed the close single line of arrangement by conjunction mode Layer, lay ratio are generally located between 5~20.Core is also possible to strand structures, the hand of spiral of outer twisted layer preferably and Surface twisted layer is opposite.

Surface twisted layer is described as " at least there are two non-conterminous single metal wires, (in the closed circular that twisted wire is constituted Zhou Shang) in being spaced their both wings twisted wire it is each provided at least one insulation gap line "；In most cases, this A feature can be described as " single metal wire is divided into multiple independent conductings area (surface conductor) by insulation gap line ", but consider The case where there may be electric conductivity is unknown or semiconductor in twisted wire (such as optical cable), therefore used and more generally described.

Core is described as " surface layer is insulating materials ", refers to including at least following these types of situation: being also exhausted inside core Edge material, i.e., entire core is made of insulating materials；Core has a unified insulating coating；Core is twisted wire, Its outermost twisted wire, which is made of insulating material or is included outside conductor, coats insulating materials.

Single metal wire can be chosen in aluminum steel, copper wire, aluminium alloy wire, aluminum-clad steel wire, copper covered steel wire etc..

Inner conductor can be in aluminum steel, copper wire, aluminium set, copper strips, aluminium alloy wire, aluminum-clad steel wire, copper covered steel wire, galvanized steel It is chosen in line, steel wire etc..

The insulation of inner conductor can be chosen in polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, crosslinked polyethylene, rubber etc..

Surface insulation layer can be crosslinked poly- second using the good black pvc of weather resistance, black polyethylene, black Alkene, black rubber, silicon rubber, organosilane crosslinked polyethylene etc. can also use insulated paint such as epoxy-based lacquers, Polyester Paint, polyimide varnish Deng.

Reinforcer is in aluminum-clad steel wire, copper covered steel wire, galvanized steel wire, steel wire, hard-drawn aluminium wire, hard-drawn copper wire, aluminium alloy wire, nylon It is chosen in strengthening core, glass fibre strengthening core (FRP), aramid fiber reinforcing core (KFRP), carbon fiber complex core etc..Metal types Strengthening core can become inner conductor simultaneously.

Supporting-core+insulating wrapped structure can be used in insulation gap line, and supporting-core can use identical with above-mentioned reinforcer Material；Single nonmetallic materials structure, such as above-mentioned nonmetallic supporting-core, hard high density polyethylene (HDPE), engineering can also be used Plastics etc..If contact line is bare wire (without surface insulation layer), insulation gap line should coat weathering layer or using weather-proof Material manufacture of good performance.

Contact line embodiment 1

Surface twisted layer is repeated twice by three single metal wires 101 and three insulation gap lines 102 as shown in Figure 1:, Form two surface conductors 190；Single metal wire 101 is electrician's circle aluminum steel；Insulation gap line 102 is steel wire inner core, outsourcing black Polyethylene sheath.Core-center is tension members 104, is twisted by 7 zinc-coated wires, it is exhausted that outside extrudes medium density polyethylene Edge layer.The tension members 104 of zinc-coated wire can play the role of simultaneously inner conductor under specific circumstances: featuring diplonema redundancy simultaneously In the case where row, the high-voltage feedback power route of two-conductor is formed using the inner conductor of two contact lines；In this applications, tension Component 104 can use the composite twisted wire of aluminum steel and steel wire.In addition, can use if distributor point can obtain reliable ground connection The earth is the second conductor, this unique inner conductor is made to form high-voltage feedback power route.

The contact cable architecture is simple, and inner conductor pressure resistance can be adapted to 10kV, cost performance and application environment with higher Property.

Contact line embodiment 2

As shown in Figure 2: surface twisted layer is repeated twice by four single metal wires 101 and four insulation gap lines 102, Form two surface conductors；Clad surface insulating layer 110 is gone back outside the twisted layer of surface, is black polyethylene sheath；Single metal wire 101 be electrician's circle aluminum steel；Insulation gap line 102 is hard high density polyethylene (HDPE).Core is also twisted wire, and center is seven glass The tension members 104 that fiber line feeder is twisted, outer layer is by seven insulated aluminum wires with pvc sheath and an optical cable Composition, insulated aluminum wire constitute inner conductor 103, and optical cable includes two optical fiber 105.Surface conductor voltage be safe voltage 12V~ 48V, inner conductor pressure resistance 400V when in use can distribute 7 insulated aluminum wires are as follows: three parallel connections are phase line, and three parallel connections are Zero curve, one is spare；Or two are A phase, two are B phase, and two are C phase, and one is zero curve.The contact line manufacture and All more convenient, suitable urban environment use is installed.

Contact line embodiment 3

As shown in Figure 3: surface twisted layer is repeated four times by three single metal wires 101 and three insulation gap lines 102, Form four surface conductors；Coating surface insulating layer 110 is gone back outside the twisted layer of surface, is polyimide insulative paint；Single metal wire 101 be aluminium alloy wire；Insulation gap line 102 is nylon fiber line feeder.Core tool there are two coaxial inner conductor 103, by Center is successively main outward are as follows: seven copper covered steel wires are constituted at the first inner conductor, inner insulating layer, copper strip layer and led inside second Body, external insulation layer；In addition the optical cable that 1 form is ointment filling stainless steel tube is set in the twisted layer of surface, two light are included Fibre 105.Inner conductor insulating layer material is crosslinked polyethylene, resistance to be depressed into 6kV.The contact line be suitable for field and other along not It can obtain the application of external power supply power supply.It when in use, can be by two surface conductor parallel connections of angle face.

Contact line embodiment 4

As shown in Figure 4: surface twisted layer is repeated twice by three single metal wires 101 and three insulation gap lines 102, Form two surface conductors；Clad surface insulating layer 110 is gone back outside the twisted layer of surface, is black crosslinked polyethylene sheath；Metal Single line 101 is hard-drawn aluminium wire；Insulation gap line 102 is high density polyethylene (HDPE) line.Core-center is seven twisted wires, wherein three virtues Synthetic fibre fiber line feeder constitutes tension members 104, and four hard-drawn copper wires are separated into two inner conductors 103, outer to extrude crosslinking Polyethylene layer.The contact line is compact-sized, and inner conductor pressure resistance can be applicable in the more demanding occasion of complex art to 6kV In.

The contact line of the form can have three inner conductors, i.e., is metal wire around the six roots of sensation twisted wire of core-center It is alternately present with insulated wire；It can have three surface conductors, i.e. two single metal wires and two insulation gap lines repeat Three times, it might even be possible to which there are six surface conductors for tool, i.e. a single metal wire and an insulation gap line repeat six times.It is this Arrangement can be used three-phase alternating current and be fed and be charged.

Second part contact net

General description:

Contact net can form complete charging circuit using multiple surface conductors of a contact line, at least need two A, the surface conductor more than two can be used in parallel, or is left other purposes, such as dedicated communication line.Charging cable The output form of road power supply generally comprises: 1, safe voltage, such as 9V, 12V, 24V, 48V, generally direct current；2,110V/ 220V/380V AC or DC；Wherein exchange 380V needs three surface conductors.

The feeder line of relatively high pressure is constituted using the inner conductor of contact line.The form of feeder line includes three kinds: 1, Two-conductor can convey direct current or alternating current；2, three conductors convey three-phase alternating current；3, uniconductor needs to make by the earth For second conductor, direct current or alternating current can be conveyed.The output form of feeder line power supply generally comprises: 1, alternating current 220V/ 380V；2, the alternating current or direct current of high voltage grade (1kV~10kV).

Since contact line uses twisted wire form, installation can refer to the relevant technologies of power overhead network.With contact The tension member and fixing piece that line directly contacts, manufacture using insulating materials, or liner insulating materials.Overhead conductor should be with certain Distance interval be grounded using Zinc-Oxide Arrester.

Contact net embodiment 1

A kind of unmanned plane contact net applied in urban environment.

As shown in Figure 5: contact line 201 is by 251 built on stilts installation of electric pole.Contact line be it is single, using contact line embodiment 2 Form, for surface twisted layer tool there are two surface conductor, each specified sectional area is 50 square millimeters, and inner conductor is seven 4 square millimeters of aluminum steels.

4.5 meters of contact line height off the ground, span 50m, strain section 500m；A distribution box is arranged in every 500m or 1000m 253, it is arranged on electric pole 251.Upcoming contact line 261 and downlink contact line 262 access distribution box 253.Power supply 252 is alternating current The a certain phase of 220V alternating current accesses distribution box 253；Power supply does not require to draw to each distribution box, 2000m access one about every Power supply, all power supplys should be a certain stationary phase of the alternating current.

253 internal structure of distribution box as shown in Figure 6: upcoming contact line 261 and the inner conductor of downlink contact line 262 103 Two (phase line and zero curves) and accordingly connection are merged into, feeder line 291 is formed；Power supply 252 passes through switch access feed line Road 291；Feeder line 291 accesses 210 input terminal of dropping equipment, and dropping equipment 210 is AC-DC switch power module, exports and is 24V direct current, by switch block 207, positive and negative anodes connect two surface conductors 190 of downlink contact line 262 respectively, form charging Route 292.The surface conductor of uplink and downlink contact line is not connected to, and a distribution box is only that the charging circuit of downlink contact line supplies Electricity, i.e. charging circuit are segmentations, are segmented between two distribution boxs for one.The benefit done so is when charging circuit generation is short It, can be by Fault Isolation in a segmentation when failure of road.

Control device 202: core is computer control module 203, connects power line carrier module 204, radio communication mold Block 205 samples ammeter 208, switch block 207；Control device 202 is defeated from dropping equipment 210 by its internal electric source module 206 Electricity is obtained on 24V direct current electric wire out；Sampling ammeter 208 and after power line carrier module 204 is connected to switch block 207, i.e. phase When in connecing on charging circuit 292.Wireless communication module 205 is 4G/5G mobile network's module.

Above configuration forms the unmanned plane contact net of 220V alternating-current feeding 24V DC charging.Unmanned plane stops falling contact Line, charging contact is as can pierce through surface insulation layer, and be connected in contact line on positive and negative two surface conductors 190, i.e., Charging can be can be carried out.The working method and content of control device 202 include: to be carried by power line carrier module 204 with power line The mode and unmanned plane of wave communication are communicated, such as charge request and response；The on-off action of control switch component 207；According to The quantity of state that sampling ammeter 208 provides makes protection act, current limliting or shutdown switch block 207.

Or further, according to the battery status volume adjustment switch portion of sampling ammeter 208 quantity of state provided and unmanned report Part 207 is such as adjusted to level pressure or constant current output, plays the role of direct-current charging post；In this applications, switch block 207 It needs to include necessary rectification and filter circuit, and dropping equipment 210 can be omitted, power module 206 is directly from alternating current 220V On take electricity.

According to the request of unmanned plane, closure or regulating switch component 207 are powered to unmanned plane, this function is properly termed as base In the charging service of unmanned plane request.At this moment, switch block 207 is normally opened.

Control device 202 can also by wireless communication module 205 in real time to a connection 4G/5G mobile telephone network Remote terminal report state and receive instruction, and directly control the on-off of switch block 207.This function is known as long-range real-time Monitoring.

Above embodiment includes two kinds of communication modules: the first, Local Communication Module (power line carrier module 204): being communicated with the unmanned plane outside hundreds of meters to thousands of rice；Second, remote communication module be (wireless communication module 205 4G/5G mobile network module): (such as monitoring center computer, the PC machine of service engineer or mobile phone, distance can with remote terminal With far, connected often through intranet/internet) it is communicated.Charging service and system reality based on request are realized respectively When the function that monitors.In fact, related configuration can adjust according to actual needs, communication relay function can further include Can, including these following situations:

1. only having Local Communication Module, such as unmanned plane WIFI, radio, power line carrier, unmanned plane is provided and is based on The charging service of request, and (such as to the new configuration of the unmanned plane return oneself state or historical record, reception for executing maintenance task Charge request password)；The unmanned plane for executing maintenance task submits state report to maintenance system or personnel after making a return voyage.

2. only have remote communication module, such as mobile telephone network, fiber optic network, microwave link, it is final and one or Multiple remote terminal connections provide contact net real-time state monitoring and control (current limliting or shutdown switch block 207) function；This When, switch block 207 is usually normally closed, and the charging service of contact net is open, as long as that is, any unmanned plane hardware is mating, Electricity can be taken from above.

3. there is both the above module simultaneously, at this moment in addition to having charging service and contact net real time monitoring based on request Function outside, can also include remote terminal to the communication relay function of unmanned plane.Remote communication module can and local communication Module is directly connected to, and can also be indirectly connected with by computer control module 203.

4. there is both the above module simultaneously, but Local Communication Module discord computer control module 203 connects, and only and Remote communication module connection, switch block 207 are usually normally closed；Open charging service and UAV Communication relaying are provided. It is of course also possible to provide the charging service based on request by the intervention of remote terminal.

5. a kind of special case: only there is mobile telephone network module, and unmanned plane also has mobile telephone network module, and Mobile telephone network covering is obtained, then contact net real time monitoring can be achieved, and can have the charging service function based on request.This When, communication relay function is clearly unwanted.

As it can be seen that control device only needs to have a kind of communication module, contact net may be run with a certain ad hoc fashion.

In general, being always necessary in distributor point setting control device, but it is noted that UAV Communication relaying can disobey Rely it.If the purpose of contact net is to provide open service, switch block 207 can be set as normally closed, and control device is not by outer Portion's control, only executes necessary protection act and uploaded state, this benefit simplified is possible system reliability to be brought to improve.

Contact net embodiment 2

A kind of 100km grades of field line patrol unmanned plane contact net.

As shown in Figure 5: contact line 201 is by 251 built on stilts installation of electric pole.Contact line be it is single, using contact line embodiment 3 Form, twisted layer tool in surface is there are four conductor, each 42 square millimeters of specified sectional area, the copper clad steel that inner conductor uses Silk and copper strips, equivalent copper section are 16 square millimeters.

6.0 meters of contact line height off the ground, span 60m, strain section 1000m；A distribution box 253 is arranged in every 5km, and setting exists On electric pole 251.Upcoming contact line 261 and downlink contact line 262 access distribution box 253.Power supply 252 is 1kV alternating current, can It is obtained by alternating current 220V alternating current by a step-up transformer, it is only necessary to any one distribution box of access all fronts.

253 internal structure of distribution box as shown in Figure 7: upcoming contact line 261 and the inner conductor of downlink contact line 262 103 Accordingly connection forms feeder line 291；Power supply 252 accesses feeder line 291 through disconnecting switch；Feeder line 291 through every Pass access 210 input terminal of dropping equipment is left, dropping equipment 210 is AC transformer, exports as 220V alternating current, passes through switch Component 207, connect downlink contact line 262 surface conductor 190 (as shown, there are four surface conductor, two-by-two angle face and For all the way), form charging circuit 292.The surface conductor of uplink and downlink contact line is not connected to, and a distribution box is only that downlink connects The charging circuit power supply of line is touched, i.e. charging circuit is segmentation, is segmented between two distribution boxs for one.

Control device 202: core is computer control module 203, connects fiber optic telecommunications module 209, wireless communication module 205, ammeter 208, switch block 207 are sampled；Control device 202 is defeated from dropping equipment 210 by its internal electric source module 206 Electricity is obtained in 220V alternating current wires out；After sampling ammeter 208 is connected to switch block 207, that is, connecing in charging circuit 292 On.Wireless communication module 205 is based on UAV Communications modules such as WIFI or radio stations；Fiber optic telecommunications module 209 is optical fiber Ring exchanger accesses totally four optical fiber in uplink and downlink contact line；One remote terminal 299 connects any one light Fiber communication module 209 may have access to the control device 202 of all distribution boxs.

Above configuration forms the unmanned plane contact net of 1kV alternating-current feeding 220V AC charging.Unmanned plane stops falling and incite somebody to action The charging contact of itself, which is connected on surface conductor 190 two neighboring or above in contact line, can be carried out charging. The working method and content of control device 202 include: by wireless communication module 205 and unmanned plane communicated, as charging ask Summation response, transmission data etc.；Referred to by fiber optic telecommunications module 209 to 299 report state of remote terminal, upload data and reception It enables；The on-off action of control switch component 207；Protection act is made according to the quantity of state that sampling ammeter 208 provides.

Fiber optic telecommunications module 209 can be connected with wireless communication module 205, allow remote terminal 299 and unmanned plane into Row direct communication.At this moment, it may be considered that removal wireless communication module 205 and computer control module 203 between connection, make be Framework of uniting keeps simple.

It, can also be by adding a set of switch block, sampling ammeter and connecting line, by dropping equipment as Redundancy Design 210 output 220V alternating currents provide the power supply of redundancy to the charging circuit of uplink contact line.Newly-increased switch block and sampling electricity Table is connected with computer control module 203.

Part III unmanned plane

General description:

Unmanned plane is more gyroplanes, charged pool and charging circuit.The front end of charging circuit be protection and rectification circuit, by Be in them it is passive, can be arranged in the other parts of charging circuit in a module, can also be arranged apart, closer to The contact component of front end." battery charger " is used in the accompanying claims of this case, without using following implementations " battery charge circuit block " in example, exactly more generally describes to provide above situation.

Unmanned aerial vehicle example 1

As shown in Figure 8: for multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, battery and charging circuit module 320 are arranged in central fuselage 301 In, service load 302 is hung below fuselage.Fuselage 301 shares two sets by the connection of armstand 304 hook 303.

As shown in A-A profile in Fig. 8: right side hook has the first metal contact 311 and the second gold medal in front view Belong to contact 312, it is arranged apart along hook top inner edge；They are made of hard aluminium alloy or Cu alloy material, and working face has Bayonet fittings.Armstand 304 and the main body of hook 303 are made of engineering plastics or fiber reinforced plastics, and armstand 306 is hollow stem Structure.Metal contact is connected to the battery charger mould in fuselage 301 by the lead 319 through armstand 304 respectively Block 320.Also (two) embedded metallic conductors be can have inside armstand 304, play the role of part lead.Translation corresponds to Ground, front view left side hook have third metal contact 313 and the 4th metal contact 314.

It is as shown in figure 13: the mode of connection of charging circuit module 320 and four metal contacts: 311 He of the first metal contact Third metal contact 313 is peering to be connected to the first rectifier 321, and the second metal contact 312 and the 4th metal contact 314 are peering It is connected to the second rectifier 322；Two rectifier parallel output positive and negative electrodes to rear road is handled.Note that this figure is associated connections Schematic diagram, the protection circuit before rectifier are not drawn into.

As shown in Figure 8: unmanned plane two hooks while when tangling a contact line 201, four metal contacts will touch Contact line surface.If contact line 201 is the equal part two-conductor form of this case contact line embodiment 1,2 or 4, and two are linked up with Center spacing be equal to contact line surface twisted layer pitch half when, the space phase relative to contact line surface conductor Relationship, the first metal contact 311 and third metal contact 313 differ 180 degree, the second metal contact 312 and the 4th metal contact 314 difference 180 degrees, as shown in A-A profile (dotted portion).In this way, always at least there is a pair of of metal contact, respectively Two surface conductors of contact line are touched, by mode of connection as shown in fig. 13 that, charging circuit module 320 obtains electricity, can be right Battery carries out charging operations.

Metal contact working face has bayonet fittings, and contact line surface insulation can be pierced through under the gravity of unmanned plane Layer；General requirement can be described as the protrusion for having sharp, and the form with spine or blade, the angle of spike is not preferably greater than 60 degree, more preferably, it is not more than 45 degree.

In the embodiment above, four uniformly distributed metal contacts of phase has been used to guarantee to snap into charging circuit.It is true On, minimum requirement is that only there are two metal contacts for tool, and certain phase difference, most preferably 180 degree are kept between them.Including two Kind implementation: the first, it is only linked up with one, arranges two metal contacts along its inner edge, phase difference is (such as not less than 90 degree The hook of the present embodiment) or more greatly to 120 degree；It second, is linked up with using two, each hook only arranges one in its inner edge upper end A metal contact, the optimal half for contact string pitch of the spacing of two hooks.Both form essence are all to one Contact line forms two metal contacts with certain phase difference.At this moment, after stop, charging circuit detects whether unmanned plane It is connected to charging circuit (survey voltage or issue wait-for-response after charge request), such as otherwise takes off a little, moves one along contact line A random distance, then detect, until success.

Unmanned aerial vehicle example 2

As shown in Figure 9: for multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, battery and charging circuit module 320 are arranged in central fuselage 301 In, service load 302 is hung below fuselage；With a centrally located armstand 304, end connection hook 303, steering engine 306 is solid It is scheduled in armstand 304, device 305 is gripped by the connection of shaft 307, be located at 303 downside of hook.

The metal contact and lead form and embodiment 1 of hook 303 are identical.It grips device 305 and is also disposed with two on the inside of it A metal contact 310, their lead 319 are skipped in a manner of open-wire line in the fairlead 318 of hollow armstand 304, the company of re-extending It is connected to the battery charge circuit block 320 being located in fuselage 301.

It grips device 305 to be driven by steering engine 306, there are two angle positions: putting down and grip, 90 degree of differential seat angle.Putting down position When setting, does not influence hook 303 and tangle contact line 201；When gripping position, two metal contacts 310 of disposed inboard are touched To 201 surface of contact line.Shaft 307 is by yielding coupling and grips the connection of device 305, or grips the metal contact of device 305 By spring supporting.

Hook 303 and grips 305 cooperating of device, realizes four uniformly distributed metal contacts of phase (and 1 effect of embodiment It is identical).

Unmanned aerial vehicle example 3

For multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, battery and charging circuit module are arranged in the fuselage in center, and work is hung below fuselage Make load；With a centrally located armstand, end connection hook 303.

The superstructure of armstand as shown in Figure 10: the end that hook 303 is connected to armstand 304 by linking up with shaft 308；Folder It catches and 305 is located at 303 downside of hook, connect armstand 304 by gripping device shaft 307, hook 303 and grip device 305 and also respectively have One shaft, between with connecting rod 341 connect.

In Figure 10, left figure is to grip state, and right figure is down state.In two state conversions, hook 303 has moved 45 Degree, grips device 305 and has moved 90 degree.

After determining hook shaft 308 and gripping the position of device shaft 307, the design of link mechanism (is linked up with 303 and is gripped It is respectively the position for the shaft that connecting rod 341 prepares on device 305) it can be completed by construction with ruler and compasses, it can also be by gathering repeatedly Examination obtains.

It is compared with embodiment 2: hook being adjusted to movable by fixed, using unmanned plane self gravity, passes through one Double lever (four-bar linkage) the mechanism driving of connecting rod link grips device movement and clamped contact line.

Unmanned aerial vehicle example 4

Unmanned plane main structure and embodiment 3 are identical, and difference is: in transmission mechanism, with long hole+pin instead of connecting rod.

It is as shown in figure 11: the end that hook 303 is connected to armstand 304 by linking up with shaft 308；It grips device 305 and passes through folder Shaft of catching 307 connects armstand 304, and hook 303 has long hole 351, grips device 305 with pin 352, pin 352 is in long hole 351 In.

In Figure 11, left figure is to grip state, and right figure is down state.In two state conversions, hook 303 has moved 45 Degree, grips device 305 and has moved 90 degree.

After determining hook shaft 308 and gripping the position of device shaft 307, long hole+pin Position Design can pass through ruler It advises graphing method to complete, can also try to obtain by gathering repeatedly.

Unmanned aerial vehicle example 5

Unmanned plane main structure and embodiment 3 are identical, and difference is: transmission mechanism is gear or interior toothed belt.

As shown in figure 12: left figure is gear forms, and hook 303 is fixedly connected with gear wheel 331, and gear wheel 331 passes through hook Shaft 308 is connected to the end of armstand 304；It grips device 305 and is fixedly connected with pinion gear 332, pinion gear 332 is by gripping device shaft 307 connection armstands 304；Tumbler gear 333 connects armstand 304 by shaft；Tumbler gear 333 simultaneously with gear wheel 331 and small Gear 332 engages.Right figure is internal tooth belt form: big belt pulley 336, small belt pulley 337 and belt 338, is substituted respectively big The status of gear 331, pinion gear 332 and tumbler gear 333.

Gear wheel 331 and the gear ratio of pinion gear 332 (big belt pulley 336 and small belt pulley 337) are 2, i.e. corner amplifies Than being 2.It is shown as gripping state, four contact contact lines 201 in figure；When linking up with 303 downward turns 45 degree, device is gripped 305 turn 90 degrees downwards, reach down state, and link up at this time 303 still in opening state, mounting contact line can be carried out Movement.

Part IV charging rod

Charging rod embodiment

A kind of compatible charging rod of and contact net.

As shown in figure 14, on 401 top of column, two contact arms 402 are fixed, centre is distribution box 403, alternating current 220V Power supply line be arranged in column, draw access distribution box 403.

A-A sectional view shows the structure of contact arm 402: inside is support tube 413, is steel pipe, aluminum pipe or engineering plastics Pipe, plays the role of rigid support；Outside it, the insulation base 412 an of polyethylene is wrapped up；Outside it, wound according to specific pitch And two metal tapes are bonded, phase difference 180 degree constitutes the surface conductor 411 of two mutually insulateds, and material is aluminium or copper, thickness 0.5 ~1mm.Metal tape can also be formed by unwanted part on metallic sheath of removal (chemical etching or machine cut).

Surface conductor 411 can also be using the coiling scheme of similar contact line surface twisted layer.

The internal structure of distribution box 403, possible variation are essentially identical with the distribution box in contact net embodiment 1, contact The surface conductor 411 of arm is equivalent to the surface conductor of downlink contact line, is not related to upcoming contact line and inner conductor.

These configurations form the unmanned plane charging rod of 220V alternating-current feeding 24V DC charging.The width of surface conductor 411 Degree, outer diameter, winding pitch it is identical with the contact line of contact net embodiment 1, can compatible support unmanned plane.

Claims (18)

1. a kind of contact line, which is characterized in that mainly formed by surface twisted layer and by the core that the surface twisted layer wraps up； The surface twisted layer is mainly twisted by more single metal wires and Duo Gen insulation gap line, at least non-conterminous in the presence of two Single metal wire, is each provided at least one insulation gap line in being spaced their both wings twisted wire, the insulation gap line by Insulating materials, which is made or is included outside conductor, coats insulating materials；The surface layer of the core is insulating materials；Thus surface is twisted Layer has at least two surface conductors, insulate each other, is distributed in the shape of a spiral around the core.

2. contact line according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include surface insulation layer, it is twisted to coat the surface Layer.

3. contact line according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the single metal wire of the surface twisted layer and insulation Septal line is distributed as period profile, and each period is continuously n root single metal wire occur, and it is intermarginal then continuously to occur m eradication again Every line, the quantity in period is 2,3,4 or 6, and n and m are greater than zero.

4. contact line according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the core has inner conductor, by insulating materials It surrounds.

5. contact line according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that further include optical fiber, the strand of surface twisted layer is arranged in In zygonema or core.

6. contact line according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the core is for tension members or including tension portion Part.

7. a kind of contact net, including charging circuit power supply, electric pole and contact line, which is characterized in that the contact line is wanted for right Contact line described in asking 1, the contact line is by the electric pole built on stilts installation, and the surface conductor of the contact line is by all or part Ground is assigned as charging circuit, and the output end of the charging circuit power supply accesses the charging circuit.

8. contact net according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the charging circuit power supply is the drop being distributed along one group Pressure device further includes feeder line power supply, also has the inner conductor being surrounded by insulator materials in the core of the contact line；Institute The inner conductor for stating contact line is entirely or partly assigned as feeder line, the output end of the feeder line power supply and described The high voltage input terminal parallel connection of dropping equipment accesses the feeder line；Described in the low-voltage output parallel connection access of the dropping equipment Charging circuit.

9. contact net according to claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that further include control device, the control device includes Computer control module, switch block, communication module；The computer control module is separately connected the switch block and communication Module；The charging circuit power supply is arranged in into the connecting line of charging circuit in the switch block；The communication module is at least Including one of WIFI module, unmanned aerial vehicle radio module, power line carrier module, mobile telephone network module.

10. contact net according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the contact line further includes being arranged in surface twisted layer Twisted wire or the intracorporal optical fiber of core, the control device further include fiber optic telecommunications module, with the optical fiber and the computer Control module connection.

11. contact net according to claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that the contact line further includes that setting is twisted on surface The intracorporal optical fiber of twisted wire or core of layer, further includes fiber optic telecommunications module, control device and Local Communication Module；The control dress It sets including computer control module, switch block, the computer control module connects the switch block, the switch block The charging circuit power supply is set into the connecting line of charging circuit；The fiber optic telecommunications module, with the optical fiber, the meter Calculation machine control module is connected with the Local Communication Module；The Local Communication Module include at least WIFI module, unmanned plane without One of line electricity module, power line carrier module.

12. a kind of unmanned plane, including body, battery charger, which is characterized in that it further include the hook positioned at body upper, With the armstand for connecting the hook and the body, the hook inside upper part is provided with metal contact, passes through lead and charging Circuit connection, the form of hook include at least one of following two situation:

A, a hook have at least two metal contacts, arranged apart along hook top inner edge；

B, at least tool is there are two hook, their opening direction is in the same side of their lines of centres.

13. unmanned plane according to claim 12, which is characterized in that tool there are two opening direction it is identical and with their centers The vertical hook of line, there are two metal contacts for each hook tool, arranged apart along hook top inner edge.

14. unmanned plane according to claim 12, which is characterized in that further include gripping device and electricity positioned at hook downside Machine；The motor is fixed on the armstand top, grips device described in shaft connection, device is gripped described in driving and is putting down and is gripping It is moved between two angle positions；Described grip is provided with metal contact on the inside of device, is connected by lead and the battery charger It connects.

15. unmanned plane according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the hook is connected by a shaft and the armstand It connects, further includes the device that grips positioned at hook downside, it further includes one that the device that grips, which is connected by another shaft with the armstand, A corner amplifies transmission mechanism, connects the hook and grips device；Described grip is provided with metal contact on the inside of device, passes through lead It is connected with the battery charger；The corner amplification transmission mechanism is the double lever of connecting rod link, long hole-pin link pair One of lever, gear drive, the transmission of interior toothed belt.

16. unmanned plane described in 2,13,14 or 15 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that on the working face of the metal contact With sharp protrusion.

17. a kind of charging rod, including charging circuit power supply, column, which is characterized in that further include contact arm, one end is fixed on institute State the top of column, the contact arm includes the core of at least two surface conductors and a surface insulation, the surface conductor, By fixed knot away from, in the shape of a spiral around the core be distributed, be entirely or partly assigned as charging circuit, the charging circuit The output end of power supply accesses the charging circuit.

18. charging rod according to claim 17, which is characterized in that further include control device, the control device includes Computer control module, switch block, communication module；The computer control module is separately connected the switch block and communication Module；The charging circuit power supply is arranged in into the connecting line of charging circuit in the switch block；The communication module is at least Including one of WIFI module, unmanned aerial vehicle radio module, power line carrier module, mobile telephone network module.