CN209214530U - A kind of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system - Google Patents
A kind of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN209214530U CN209214530U CN201821422102.2U CN201821422102U CN209214530U CN 209214530 U CN209214530 U CN 209214530U CN 201821422102 U CN201821422102 U CN 201821422102U CN 209214530 U CN209214530 U CN 209214530U
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- support rod
- angular transducer
- vertical angular
- angle sensor
- horizontal angle
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 107
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system, which includes: insulation spool, resistance wire, metal slide plate, metal tie rods, the first nonmetallic support rod, the second nonmetallic support rod, the first fixed link, the second fixed link, galvanometer, angle processor, vertical angular transducer, pillar, horizontal angle sensor, power supply；Resistance wire is wrapped in insulation spool；One end of metal tie rods is connect with metal slide plate, and metal slide plate is contacted with the resistance wire in insulation spool, the other end and the first fixed link of the first nonmetallic support rod connection metal tie rods；The end of second nonmetallic support rod connection insulation spool and vertical angular transducer, pillar connects the vertical angular transducer of vertical angular transducer connection and horizontal angle sensor, the bottom of horizontal angle sensor are connect with the second fixed link.The monitoring and warning system structure of the utility model is simple and reliable, sensitivity is strong, can effectively monitor the real-time change of mountain cracks displacement and angle.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of Crack Monitoring devices, and in particular to a kind of monitoring and warning system of mountain cracks deformation
System, belongs to the monitoring and warning field of natural calamity.
Background technique
Mountain cracks be cause landslide the reason of one of, caused by consequence seriously threaten the mankind lives and properties peace
Entirely.It is influenced in recent years by extreme weather, harmfulness is more prominent.Therefore, realization deforms mountain cracks round-the-clock real-time
Monitoring, the landslide disaster that prediction and warning may occur have a very important significance.
Conventional monitoring means mostly uses hand data collection or high precision instrument to monitor at present.Hand data collection can not
It realizes round-the-clock full topographical observation, disaster early-warning information cannot be issued in time, and mass data can not be obtained in the short time；And
It is higher using the most cost of high precision instrument monitoring, it is complicated for operation, height is required to operator's specialized capability, seriously constrains calamity
The universal use of evil early warning system.It takes place frequently for China's geological disaster, the multi-point and wide-ranging, actual conditions such as professional is insufficient are existing
It is suitable that some mountain cracks disaster early warning systems are not found in terms of monitoring timeliness, economy, operability, structural reliability
Equalization point.
Utility model content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system and
Method.Fracture Deformation is converted electric signal by the system, effectively monitors the real-time change of crack displacement and angle, reaches dangerous
When alarming value, early warning can be issued in time.The monitoring and warning system structure of the utility model is simple and reliable, easy to operate, sensitivity
By force, have a wide range of application.
According to the first embodiment provided by the utility model, a kind of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system is provided.
A kind of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system, the system include: insulation spool, resistance wire, metal slide plate, metal connection
Bar, the first nonmetallic support rod, the second nonmetallic support rod, the first fixed link, the second fixed link, galvanometer, angle processor,
Vertical angular transducer, pillar, horizontal angle sensor, power supply.
Resistance wire is wrapped in insulation spool.The periphery of insulation spool is arranged in metal tie rods.The one of metal tie rods
End is connect with metal slide plate.Metal slide plate is contacted with the resistance wire in insulation spool.First nonmetallic support rod connection metal connects
The other end of extension bar and the first fixed link.The end of second nonmetallic support rod connection insulation spool and vertical angular transducer.
Pillar connects vertical angular transducer and connects vertical angular transducer and horizontal angle sensor.The bottom of horizontal angle sensor
It is connect with the second fixed link.
Insulate spool, resistance wire, metal slide plate, metal tie rods one slide rheostat of composition.Conducting wire, which is connected in series, to be slided
Dynamic rheostat, power supply, galvanometer, form the first closed circuit.
Vertical angular transducer, power supply, angle processor is connected in series in conducting wire, forms the second closed circuit.
Horizontal angle sensor, power supply, angle processor is connected in series in conducting wire, forms third closed circuit.
Preferably, the system further includes wireless signal transmitter.Wireless signal transmitter and galvanometer, angle processor
Connection.
The system further includes shell.Shell is wrapped in the outside surrounding of slide rheostat.First nonmetallic support rod, second
Nonmetallic support rod is stretched out from the both ends of shell respectively.
Preferably, the system further includes limit pulley.Limiting pulley includes spring and pulley.Wherein spring connects pulley
With the metal slide plate on slide rheostat, pulley is contacted with the inner wall of shell.
Preferably, the system further includes knuckle.Knuckle is arranged in the first nonmetallic support rod and the first fixed link
Junction, for adjusting the angle between the first nonmetallic support rod and the first fixed link.
Preferably, the system further includes solar panel.The outside of shell is arranged in solar panel.Solar energy
Solar panel is connect with power supply by conducting wire.
Preferably, the system further includes protective resistance.Protective resistance is connected in the first closed circuit.
Preferably, the system further includes triangle bracket.Metal tie rods are non-by triangle bracket and first
Metallic support rod connection.
In the present invention, the vertical angular transducer includes vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring, vertical angle
Spend sensor pointer connecting rod and vertical angular transducer power supply.Vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring, vertical angular transducer
Pointer connecting rod and vertical angular transducer power supply form closed circuit.Single-chip microcontroller is equipped in vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod.
Wherein: vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring is arc-shaped.Vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod and second non-
Metallic support rod connection, and vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod is rotated with the movement of the second nonmetallic support rod.It is perpendicular
It is fixedly connected to angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring with pillar.
In the present invention, horizontal angle sensor includes horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring, level angle biography
Sensor pointer connecting rod and horizontal angle sensor power supply.Horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring, horizontal angle sensor pointer
Connecting rod and horizontal angle sensor power supply form closed circuit.Single-chip microcontroller is equipped in horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod.
Wherein: horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring is arc-shaped.Horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod and pillar connect
It connects, and horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod is rotated with the movement of pillar.Horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring with
Second fixed link is fixedly connected.
Preferably, the first nonmetallic support rod and the second nonmetallic support rod are multi-section retractable structure.
Preferably, the first nonmetallic support rod and the second nonmetallic support rod use telescopic loop bar and/or segmentation group
Fill the structure of bar.
Preferably, insulation spool, metal tie rods, the first nonmetallic support rod, the second nonmetallic support rod, shell are pressed
It is arranged in parallel according to axis direction.
Preferably, the first nonmetallic support rod and the second nonmetallic support rod are made of fire proofing.
Preferably, the inside of the first nonmetallic support rod and the second nonmetallic support rod is equipped with cavity.
Preferably, shell is made of fire proofing material.
Preferably, shell is sealing structure.
According to second of embodiment provided by the utility model, a kind of mountain cracks monitoring and pre-alarming method is provided.
System monitoring early warning mountain cracks described in a kind of mountain cracks monitoring and pre-alarming method or the first embodiment
Method, method includes the following steps:
1) the first fixed link of shell two sides and the second fixed link are separately fixed on the soil layer of mountain cracks two sides, are adjusted
The first fixed link and the second fixed link are saved, so that the first fixed link is identical with the height of the second fixed link；
2) adjust the spring on limit pulley so that pulley is contacted with inner walls, metal slide plate contacted with resistance wire and
It can normally slide；Metal slide plate is slided to one end close to vertical angular transducer of resistance wire；At setting electric current meter and angle
Manage the monitoring initial value and danger warning value of device；It checks circuit system and system is debugged；
3) vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod is rotated with the movement of the second nonmetallic support rod, makes resistance in circuit
It changes with electric current；Angle processor monitors vertical angular transducer) variation, to judge that mountain cracks are sent out in Z-direction
Raw variation；
Horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod is rotated with the movement of pillar, becomes resistance and electric current in circuit
Change；The variation of angle processor level monitoring angular transducer, to judge the variation that mountain cracks occur in Y direction；
The resistance variations that slide rheostat is monitored by galvanometer, to judge the change that mountain cracks occur in X-direction
Change.
In the present invention, step 3) specifically:
A) calculate the increased resistance value of slide rheostat in the first closed circuit: power supply is constant pressure U, the resistance of protective resistance
Value is R0；In monitoring process, the variable quantity of galvanometer is Δ I, can obtain increased resistance value Δ R in the first closed circuit as a result, are as follows:
(U/R0-ΔI)·(ΔR+R0)=U (1),
To obtain the final product:
Calculate the axial displacement in crack in monitoring process: the diameter that measurement obtains insulation spool is D, and the diameter of resistance wire is
The resistivity of d, resistance wire are ρ, can obtain the axial displacement X in crack as a result, are as follows:
ρ=Δ R π (d/2)2/ (π D Δ X/d) (2),
To obtain the final product:
B) monitor and calculate the Z-direction displacement in crack:
Monitoring for vertical angle is the vertical angular transducer pointer of mobile drive by the second nonmetallic support rod
Relative movement of the connecting rod on the vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring of energization causes circuital current to change this process
Come what is realized；
Wherein: the voltage swing of vertical angular transducer power supply is UIt is perpendicular, pass through conducting wire and vertical angular transducer wrapping wire electricity
Balk ring and vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod form closed circuit, and the length of vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod is q1, erect
It is a to angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring unit arc length resistance change, the initial circuit electric current of vertical angular transducer is I1,
Vertical angle sensor circuit electric current is I after deformation2, then the angle changing α in Z-direction are as follows:
Calculate the displacement of vertical angular transducer in z-direction to the second fixed link: in monitoring process, vertical angle sensor
The angle changing of device is α, and (L+ Δ X) is axially changed to along instrument；L is length when monitoring system is installed, with SIN function,
It can convert to obtain the change in displacement of crack in the Z-axis direction, Z-direction displacement Z can be obtained are as follows:
Δ Z=(L+ Δ X) sin α；
C) monitor and calculate the Y-direction displacement in crack:
Monitoring for level angle is the mobile drive horizontal angle sensor pointer by pillar and superstructure
Relative movement of the connecting rod on the horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring (11001) of energization causes circuital current to change this
One process is realized；
Wherein, the voltage swing U of horizontal angle sensor power supplyWater, pass through conducting wire and horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance
Ring and horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod form closed circuit, and the length of horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod is q2, horizontal
Angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring unit arc length resistance change is b, and the initial circuit electric current of horizontal angle sensor is I3, become
Horizontal angle sensor circuital current is I after shape4, then the angle changing β in Y direction are as follows:
Calculate displacement of the horizontal angle sensor to the second fixed link in the Y direction: in monitoring process, level angle sensing
The angle changing of device is β, and (L+ Δ X) is axially changed to along instrument；L is length when monitoring system is installed, with SIN function,
It can convert to obtain the change in displacement of crack in the Y-axis direction, Y-direction displacement Y can be obtained are as follows:
Δ Y=(L+ Δ X) sin β.
Preferably, this method further includes step 4) early warning processing: when mountain cracks change:
In first closed circuit, the axial displacement situation of change in crack is monitored by galvanometer, when Δ X reaches danger warning
When value, wireless signal transmitter issues early warning and sends real-time axial displacement changing value Δ X；
In second closed circuit, which is monitored in the variation of Z axis angle by vertical angular transducer, is then led to
Over-angle processor obtains the Z-direction change in displacement situation in crack, when Δ Z reaches danger warning value, wireless signal transmitter hair
Early warning and send real-time Z-direction change in displacement value Δ Z out；
In third closed circuit, which is monitored in the variation of Y-axis angle by horizontal angle sensor, is then led to
Over-angle processor obtains the Y-direction change in displacement situation in crack, when Δ Y reaches danger warning value, wireless signal transmitter hair
Early warning and send real-time Y-direction change in displacement value Δ Y out.
In the present invention, pillar is free to rotate relative to the second fixed link and horizontal angle sensor, thus band
Horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod on dynamic horizontal angle sensor freely turns in horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring
Dynamic, horizontal angle sensor is connected by being placed on the conducting wire in axis and in pillar cavity with angle processor.
It in the present invention, can be by angle-data and galvanometer that angular transducer is monitored inside angle processor
The current data (axial displacement) of monitoring combines the displacement variable that corresponding Z and Y-direction are converted by functional operation, and with
The form of electric signal is transferred to wireless signal transmitter, and danger warning value is equipped with inside angle processor, when its operation
Z and Y-direction displacement when reaching danger warning value, early warning can be issued by wireless signal transmitter and transmit real time data.
In the present invention, the first nonmetallic support rod, the second nonmetallic support rod are set as multistage, and the first of multistage
The structure that nonmetallic support rod, the second nonmetallic support rod use telescopic loop bar to combine with sectional bar.Wherein, from exhausted
The nonmetallic support rod of first segment that (away from metal tie rods) one end of edge spool is stretched out is telescopic loop bar structure, remaining is each
The nonmetallic support rod of section is using assembling rod structure, it is preferred to use the mode of screw thread combination.
In the present invention, the first nonmetallic support rod, the second nonmetallic support rod inside are equipped with cavity, for placing
And communication conductive wire, avoid damage of the external environment to conducting wire.
In the present invention, in the first closed circuit, conducting wire from the output end of power supply, be sequentially connected in series galvanometer,
Protective resistance, slide rheostat, wireless signal transmitter, and return to the input terminal of power supply.In second closed circuit, conducting wire is from electricity
The output end in source is sequentially connected in series vertical angular transducer, angle processor, wireless signal transmitter, and returns to power supply
Input terminal.In third closed circuit, conducting wire is sequentially connected in series horizontal angle sensor, angle processing from the output end of power supply
Device, wireless signal transmitter, and return to the input terminal of power supply.
In the present invention, the quantity of protective resistance is one or more, such as 1-8.Preferably, protective resistance
It is connected in series in the first closed circuit.
In the present invention, vertical angular transducer is mainly made of wrapping wire resistance ring, pointer connecting rod and independent current source,
Wherein pointer connecting rod, single-chip microcontroller (and pointer connecting rod is integrated), independent current source and wrapping wire resistance ring form closed circuit, monolithic
Single-chip microcontroller is converted into arc length and angle signal after machine examination measures current value, and wrapping wire resistance ring is arc-shaped, and pointer connecting rod can
Rotated with the up and down of the second nonmetallic support rod, wrapping wire resistance ring and pillar fix, when pointer link rotatable can around
It is moved on silk resistance ring, with mobile distance change, the device circuit resistance variations.By rotational angle difference, i.e.,
Position of the pointer connecting rod on wrapping wire resistance ring is different, and so as to cause circuitous resistance difference, resistance variations and change in location are in one
Fixed linear relationship.By the size of electric current in observation circuit, it can be seen that pointer connecting rod and wrapping wire resistance ring is opposite
Position, so that it can be seen that the vertical angle of device rotation, outer shaft is connected with pointer connecting rod, with the second nonmetallic support
The rotation of bar and superstructure and drive pointer connecting rod to be freely rotated, inner shaft and wrapping wire resistance ring one, and pass through outer shaft cavity
It fixes with pillar, is connected with outer shaft by bearing, do not rotate and rotate with external structure, the bearing between inner shaft and outer shaft is protected
It has demonstrate,proved structure and has still been able to maintain in tension state and has been freely rotated.
In the present invention, horizontal angle sensor is mainly made of wrapping wire resistance ring, pointer connecting rod and independent current source,
Wherein pointer connecting rod, single-chip microcontroller (and pointer connecting rod is integrated), independent current source and wrapping wire resistance ring form closed circuit, monolithic
Single-chip microcontroller is converted into arc length and angle signal after machine examination measures current value, and pointer connecting rod can turn with horizontally rotating for pillar
Dynamic, wrapping wire resistance ring and the second fixed link are fixed, and when pointer link rotatable can move on wrapping wire resistance ring, with movement
Distance change, the device circuit resistance variations.Pass through rotational angle difference, i.e. position of the pointer connecting rod on wrapping wire resistance ring
Difference, so as to cause circuitous resistance difference, resistance variations and change in location are in certain linear relationship.By electric in observation circuit
The size of stream, it can be seen that the relative position of pointer connecting rod and wrapping wire resistance ring, to learn the level angle of device rotation, outer shaft
It is connected with pointer connecting rod, drives pointer connecting rod to be freely rotated with the rotation of pillar and superstructure, inner shaft and wrapping wire resistance
Ring one, and fixed across outer shaft cavity and the second fixed link, it is connected with outer shaft by bearing, not with external structure rotation
Rotation, the bearing between inner shaft and outer shaft ensure that structure is still able to maintain in tension state and be freely rotated.
In the present invention, when crack changes, angular transducer can monitor corresponding vertical and level angle,
Galvanometer can monitor axial change in displacement, in its respective plane, the position of angle and axial overall length and Z or Y-direction
It moves and constitutes triangle, the current data (axial displacement) of the angle-data that angular transducer is monitored and galvanometer monitoring combines
It is converted into the displacement variable of corresponding Z and Y-direction by SIN function operation, and is transferred to wireless communication as electronic signals
Number transmitter, and danger warning value is equipped with inside angle processor, when Z and the Y-direction displacement of its operation reach danger warning
When value, early warning can be issued by wireless signal transmitter and transmits real time data.
In the present invention, first fixed link, the second fixed link are mutually fixed with mountain cracks two sides soil layer respectively,
Specifically:
The first fixed link, the second fixed link and crack two sides soil are mutually fixed by the way of cement casting: by first
Fixed link, the second fixed link are embedded to crack two sides soil, and casting cement slurry makes first to consolidate by the first fixed link, the second fixed link
Fixed pole, the second fixed link and the soil fixing of crack two sides；Or
It is fixed using in such a way that the first fixed link, the second fixed link lower end install setscrew additional: setscrew is pierced
In crack two sides hardness soil or stone, the first fixed link, the second fixed link and soil or stone are fixed；Or
It is fixed by the way of welding: being embedded in bloom or steelframe in crack two sides, the first fixed link, the second fixed link are welded
It is connected on steelframe, makes the first fixed link, the second fixed link and the soil fixing of crack two sides.
In the present invention, Z-direction displacement meter in crack passes through the vertical angle and axial displacement variation in monitoring crack at last
Amount, by converting vertical angle to SIN function the Z-direction change in displacement situation in crack, to learn crack vertical
Deformation state, and crack real-time deformation is carried out by setting Z-direction change in displacement danger warning value and is compared, when reaching precarious position and
When issue early warning.
In the present invention, Y-direction displacement meter in crack passes through level angle and the axial displacement variation in monitoring crack at last
Amount, by converting level angle to SIN function the Y-direction change in displacement situation in crack, to learn crack in horizontal Y
The misaligned state in direction, and crack real-time deformation is carried out by setting Y-direction change in displacement danger warning value and is compared, reach dangerous shape
Early warning is issued when state in time.
In the present invention, the resistance wire is wrapped in insulation spool, refers to that resistance wire is uniformly closely knit in the shape of a spiral
Ground is wrapped in insulation spool.And resistance wire, in winding, insulation spool both ends reserve certain area and do not wind resistance wire, reserve
Region can increase range in special circumstances, be also convenient for the maintenance and replacement of resistance wire.And resistance wire using resistivity big, diameter
It is small, influenced lesser resistance wire by temperature change.
In the present invention, the periphery of insulation spool is arranged in metal tie rods, and one end of metal tie rods is equipped with gold
Belong to slide plate, metal slide plate is contacted with resistance wire, i.e. metal tie rods and metal slide plate, resistance wire constitute a slide rheostat.
Meanwhile the pulley for limiting pulley is contacted with inner walls, the one end and metal tie rods for limiting the spring of pulley are equipped with metal
One end of slide plate connects, and the other end of upper spring connects pulley so that metal slide plate can only be parallel to insulation spool it is mobile without
It deflects, and ensures that metal slide plate and resistance wire are in close contact.Binding post is fixed on metal tie rods, with conducting wire by metal
Connecting rod is connected into circuit.And using resistivity, small, corrosion resistant material is made metal tie rods.
In the present invention, nonmetallic support rod (the first nonmetallic support rod and the second nonmetallic support rod) includes more
Section, and the nonmetallic support rod of multistage uses the structure of telescopic loop bar and sectional bar.Wherein, from insulation spool away from gold
The nonmetallic support rod of first segment for belonging to one end stretching of connecting rod is telescopic loop bar structure, remaining each section of nonmetallic support rod is adopted
With assembling rod structure.Telescopic loop bar is easy for installation, but every section of thickness can change, and intensity does not often reach requirement, and width is larger
Crack when, can rod end is meticulous, void space is inadequate problem.And sectional bar carries more system, can separate and carry,
The rod piece that selection different length specification is determined depending on fracture width, can be lengthened with multistage, be equipped with connector in every section of loop bar, to
It connects angular transducer and angle processor, maneuverability is good.As a result, in the utility model, close to the first of insulation spool
The nonmetallic support rod of section uses the structure of telescopic loop bar, remaining each section then uses the structure for assembling bar, easy for installation, while energy
Meet intensity requirement.For example, the nonmetallic support rod of first segment uses the structure of telescopic loop bar, remaining each section of nonmetallic support rod
After being fixed by the way of screw thread combination and lengthen to required length, to different terrain strong applicability, used to dismantle on the spot,
It is convenient for carrying；Meanwhile the nonmetallic support rod of first segment can be retracted during transportation in insulation spool, reduce space hold.
Using intensity, high, anti-aging fire proofing is made nonmetallic support rod.In addition, in every section of nonmetallic support rod
Equipped with cavity, conducting wire and terminal are placed in cavity, conducting wire passes through cavity connection angular transducer and angle processor.
Metal tie rods and the nonmetallic support rod stretched out from one end equipped with metal tie rods of insulation spool are by three
The fixed bracket connection in angle.Wherein, it is mutually fixed between nonmetallic support rod and triangle bracket by screw thread.
The utility model further includes the knuckle that the first fixed link Yu the first nonmetallic support rod junction is arranged in, and is turned to
It saves in the angle for adjusting the first nonmetallic support rod and the first fixed link, system is made to better adapt to complicated landform landforms.
In the present invention, power supply is fixed in the upper housing, provides power supply and constant voltage for system.System further includes
Solar panel, the top of power supply is arranged in solar panel, and is connect with power supply by conducting wire.
Preferably, the shell is handled by waterproof sealing, while high, the ageing-resistant fire proofing material system using intensity
At can prevent the permeable short circuit of shell or be knocked damage.
In the present invention, zeroing knob is equipped on galvanometer and angle processor.Galvanometer can be split according to massif
The monitoring initial value and danger warning value of circuit where the original width and actual conditions of seam adjust it；Likewise, angle is handled
The monitoring initial value and danger warning value of circuit where device can adjust it according to the original width and actual conditions of mountain cracks.Electricity
Resistance variations are converted to curent change and are transferred to wireless signal transmitter by flowmeter, wireless signal transmitter by radio,
The modes such as GPRS or short message transmit out corresponding displacement delta data.Angular transducer monitors Y and Z by the angle of monitoring device
To change in displacement, wireless signal transmitter by data processing and is transferred to by angle processor.Meanwhile wireless signal transmitter
The data of galvanometer and angle processor are received simultaneously, displacement data is converted into and is sent to monitoring station, when reaching danger warning value
When, wireless signal transmitter sends real-time displacement and angle change data and danger warning information.
In the present invention, insulate spool, resistance wire, metal slide plate, metal tie rods one slide rheostat of composition.
One end of insulation spool is fixed by the side of the components such as the second nonmetallic support rod, the second fixed link and mountain cracks；Metal
Slide plate is contacted with the resistance wire in insulation spool, and metal slide plate is fixed by metal tie rods, the first nonmetallic support rod, first
The other side of the components such as bar and mountain cracks is fixed.If mountain cracks change, it will necessarily result in and fixed with crack two sides
The first fixed link and the second fixed link of connection move together, to involve metal slide plate on the resistance wire in insulation spool
Mobile, the relative movement of metal slide plate and resistance wire, the resistance value that will lead to the slide rheostat changes, so as to cause
Current value in first closed circuit changes.The situation of change of resistance can be extrapolated by the situation of change of current value,
Moving distance of the metal slide plate relative to resistance wire can be extrapolated by the situation of change of resistance, so as to extrapolate massif
The situation of change in crack.
If mountain cracks change on axial (namely along the direction of entire monitoring early-warning system length), meeting
Involve the distance between the first fixed link and the second fixed link to become larger, metal slide plate will be made to deviate from the direction of the second fixed link
It is slided in insulation spool, so that the resistance of slide rheostat becomes larger, the electric current in the first closed circuit becomes smaller.
In the present invention, it can detecte the angle change situation of mountain cracks two sides by vertical angular transducer.
Vertical angular transducer is also to convert electric signal for the physical displacement variation of mountain cracks using electric signal process unit.It is perpendicular
Vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod on angular transducer is connect with the second nonmetallic support rod, the second nonmetallic support rod
It is indirectly connect with mountain cracks side by components such as slide rheostats, the vertical angular transducer on vertical angular transducer
Wrapping wire resistance ring is connect with pillar, and pillar is connected by the other side of the first fixed link and mountain cracks.If mountain cracks are in Z
It changes in axis direction, will necessarily result in the movement that relative angle occurs in Z-direction for the first fixed link and the second fixed link, lead to
The transmitting of exertin, will lead to vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring and opposite turn occurs for vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod
Dynamic, the rotation of vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod has led to the variation of resistance in vertical angular transducer, the variation of resistance
The current value in the second closed circuit will be changed.Therefore, electric current in the second closed circuit can be monitored by angle processor
The situation of change of value obtains the situation of change of vertical angular transducer resistance, sends out in the Z-axis direction to extrapolate mountain cracks
Raw situation of change.
Similarly, it can detecte the angle change situation of mountain cracks two sides by horizontal angle sensor.Level angle passes
Sensor is also to convert electric signal for the physical displacement variation of mountain cracks using electric signal process unit.Level angle sensing
Horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod on device is connect with pillar, and pillar passes through the first nonmetallic support rod, the second nonmetallic branch
The components such as strut, slide rheostat are indirectly connect with mountain cracks side, the vertical angle sensor on horizontal angle sensor
Device wrapping wire resistance ring is connect with the second fixed link, the other side connection of the second fixed link and mountain cracks.If mountain cracks are in Y
It changes in axis direction, will necessarily result in the movement that relative angle occurs in Y-direction for the first fixed link and the second fixed link, lead to
The transmitting of exertin, will lead to horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring and opposite turn occurs for horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod
Dynamic, the rotation of horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod has led to the variation of resistance in horizontal angle sensor, the variation of resistance
The current value in third closed circuit will be changed.Therefore, electric current in third closed circuit can be monitored by angle processor
The situation of change of value obtains the situation of change of horizontal angle sensor resistance, sends out in the Y-axis direction to extrapolate mountain cracks
Raw situation of change.
It is telecommunications that mountain cracks are system converting in the monitoring and warning that the situation of change of three dimensions all passes through the utility model
Number, from three dimensions can the real-time status that deforms of real-time monitoring mountain cracks, the devices such as wireless signal transmitter can also be passed through
Issue early warning.
In the present invention, protective resistance plays the role of protecting slide rheostat.When monitoring and warning system is installed, adjust
Metal slide plate is saved, so that the resistance value of the slide rheostat is zero.If mountain cracks change, metal slide plate is mobile, from
And the resistance value of slide rheostat becomes larger.
In the present invention, the diameter for the spool that insulate is generally 10-1000mm, preferably 20-500mm, more preferably
30-200mm。
In the present invention, the length of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system be 10-1000cm, preferably 20-500cm,
More preferably 30-200cm.The length of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system refers to that the first fixed link is in parallel with the second fixed link
When state, distance between the two.
In the present invention, the diameter of resistance wire be 0.001-10mm, preferably 0.005-1mm, more preferably
0.001-0.5mm.The resistivity of resistance wire is obtained according to specific material tests.
The prior art is compared, and the monitoring and warning system and method for early warning of the utility model have following advantageous effects:
1, round-the-clock real time monitoring and pre- may be implemented in a kind of mountain cracks monitoring and pre-warning system and method for the utility model
Alert dual function, can effectively monitor the real-time status of mountain cracks deformation, more intuitively reflect Fracture Deformation trend；
2, Fracture Deformation is converted electric signal by a kind of mountain cracks monitoring and pre-warning system and method for the utility model, can have
The real-time change of the monitoring of effect ground mountain cracks displacement and angle, while the displacement of wireless signal real-time transmission and angle-data, reach
When danger warning value, early warning can be issued in time；
3, the utility model integrate mountain cracks displacement angle monitoring and early warning, carry it is easy to assembly, cost compared with
It is low, it is suitable for promoting；
4, the utility model is while to mountain cracks real-time monitoring and early warning, it is ensured that the high-precision of monitoring.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that a kind of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system of the utility model is applied to massif；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system of the utility model；
Fig. 3 be the utility model mountain cracks monitoring and warning system in limit pulley, shell, slide rheostat structure show
It is intended to；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of vertical angular transducer in the utility model mountain cracks monitoring and warning system；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of horizontal angle sensor in the utility model mountain cracks monitoring and warning system；
Fig. 6 is a kind of monitoring schematic diagram of mountain cracks monitoring and pre-alarming method of the utility model；
Fig. 7 is a kind of closed circuit schematic diagram of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system of the utility model.
Appended drawing reference:
1: insulation spool；2: resistance wire；3: metal slide plate；4: metal tie rods；501: the first nonmetallic support rods；502:
Second nonmetallic support rod；601: the first fixed links；602: the second fixed links；7: galvanometer；8: angle processor；9: vertical angle
Spend sensor；901: vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring；902: vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod；903: vertical angle
Probe power；10: pillar；11: horizontal angle sensor；1101: horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring；1102: horizontal
Angular transducer pointer connecting rod；1103: horizontal angle sensor power supply；12: power supply；13: wireless signal transmitter；14: shell；
15: limit pulley；1501: spring；1502: pulley；16: knuckle；17: solar panel；18: protective resistance；19: triangle
Fixed bracket；K: slide rheostat.
Specific embodiment
According to embodiment provided by the utility model, a kind of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system is provided.
A kind of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system, the system include: insulation spool 1, resistance wire 2, metal slide plate 3, metal
Connecting rod 4, the first nonmetallic support rod 501, the second nonmetallic support rod 502, the first fixed link 601, the second fixed link 602,
Galvanometer 7, angle processor 8, vertical angular transducer 9, pillar 10, horizontal angle sensor 11, power supply 12.
Resistance wire 2 is wrapped in insulation spool 1.The periphery of insulation spool 1 is arranged in metal tie rods 4.Metal tie rods 4
One end connect with metal slide plate 3.Metal slide plate 3 is contacted with the resistance wire 2 in insulation spool 1.First nonmetallic support rod 501
Connect the other end and the first fixed link 601 of metal tie rods 4.The end of the second nonmetallic connection of support rod 502 insulation spool 1
With vertical angular transducer 9.Pillar 10 connects vertical angular transducer 9 and connects vertical angular transducer 9 and level angle sensing
Device 11.The bottom of horizontal angle sensor 11 is connect with the second fixed link 602.
Insulate one spool 1, resistance wire 2, metal slide plate 3, the composition of metal tie rods 4 slide rheostat K.Conducting wire series connection connects
Slide rheostat K, power supply 12, galvanometer 7 are connect, the first closed circuit is formed.
Vertical angular transducer 9, power supply 12, angle processor 8 is connected in series in conducting wire, forms the second closed circuit.
Horizontal angle sensor 11, power supply 12, angle processor 8 is connected in series in conducting wire, forms third closed circuit.
Wherein: the diameter of insulation spool 1 is 10-1000mm.
Preferably, the system further includes wireless signal transmitter 13.Wireless signal transmitter 13 and galvanometer 7, angle
Processor 8 connects.
The system further includes shell 14.Shell 14 is wrapped in the outside surrounding of slide rheostat K.First nonmetallic support rod
501, the second nonmetallic support rod 502 is stretched out from the both ends of shell 14 respectively.
Preferably, the system further includes limit pulley 15.Limiting pulley 15 includes spring 1501 and pulley 1502.Wherein
Spring 1501 connects the metal slide plate 3 on pulley 1502 and slide rheostat K, and pulley 1502 is contacted with the inner wall of shell 14.
Preferably, the system further includes knuckle 16.Knuckle 16 is arranged in the first nonmetallic support rod 501 and first
The junction of fixed link 601, for adjusting the angle between the first nonmetallic support rod 501 and the first fixed link 601.
Preferably, the system further includes solar panel 17.The outside of shell 14 is arranged in solar panel 17.
Solar panel 17 is connect with power supply 12 by conducting wire.
Preferably, the system further includes protective resistance 18.Protective resistance 18 is connected in the first closed circuit.
Preferably, the system further includes triangle bracket 19.Metal tie rods 4 pass through triangle bracket 19 and the
One nonmetallic support rod 501 connects.
In the present invention, the vertical angular transducer 9 includes vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring 901, erects
To angular transducer pointer connecting rod 902 and vertical angular transducer power supply 903.Vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring 901 erects
Closed circuit is formed to angular transducer pointer connecting rod 902 and vertical angular transducer power supply 903.Vertical angular transducer pointer
Single-chip microcontroller is equipped in connecting rod 902.
Wherein: vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring 901 is arc-shaped.Vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod 902 with
Second nonmetallic support rod 502 connects, and vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod 902 is with the second nonmetallic support rod 502
Movement and rotate.Vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring 901 is fixedly connected with pillar 10.
In the present invention, horizontal angle sensor 11 includes horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring 1101, level
Angular transducer pointer connecting rod 1102 and horizontal angle sensor power supply 1103.Horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring 1101,
Horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod 1102 and horizontal angle sensor power supply 1103 form closed circuit.Horizontal angle sensor
Single-chip microcontroller is equipped in pointer connecting rod 1102.
Wherein: horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring 1101 is arc-shaped.Horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod 1102
It is connect with pillar 10, and horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod 1102 is rotated with the movement of pillar 10.Level angle passes
Sensor wrapping wire resistance ring 1101 is fixedly connected with the second fixed link 602.
Preferably, the first nonmetallic support rod 501 and the second nonmetallic support rod 502 are multi-section retractable structure.
Preferably, the first nonmetallic support rod 501 and the second nonmetallic support rod 502 using telescopic loop bar and/or
The structure of sectional bar.
Preferably, insulation spool 1, metal tie rods 4, the first nonmetallic support rod 501, the second nonmetallic support rod
502, shell 14 is arranged in parallel according to axis direction.
Preferably, the first nonmetallic support rod 501 and the second nonmetallic support rod 502 are made of fire proofing.
Preferably, the inside of the first nonmetallic support rod 501 and the second nonmetallic support rod 502 is equipped with cavity.
Preferably, shell 1 is made of fire proofing material.
Preferably, shell 1 is sealing structure.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system, which includes: insulation spool 1, resistance wire 2, metal
Slide plate 3, metal tie rods 4, the first nonmetallic support rod 501, the second nonmetallic support rod 502, the first fixed link 601, second
Fixed link 602, galvanometer 7, angle processor 8, vertical angular transducer 9, pillar 10, horizontal angle sensor 11, power supply 12.
Resistance wire 2 is wrapped in insulation spool 1.The periphery of insulation spool 1 is arranged in metal tie rods 4.Metal tie rods 4
One end connect with metal slide plate 3.Metal slide plate 3 is contacted with the resistance wire 2 in insulation spool 1.First nonmetallic support rod 501
Connect the other end and the first fixed link 601 of metal tie rods 4.The end of the second nonmetallic connection of support rod 502 insulation spool 1
With vertical angular transducer 9.Pillar 10 connects vertical angular transducer 9 and connects vertical angular transducer 9 and level angle sensing
Device 11.The bottom of horizontal angle sensor 11 is connect with the second fixed link 602.
Insulate one spool 1, resistance wire 2, metal slide plate 3, the composition of metal tie rods 4 slide rheostat K.Conducting wire series connection connects
Slide rheostat K, power supply 12, galvanometer 7 are connect, the first closed circuit is formed.
Vertical angular transducer 9, power supply 12, angle processor 8 is connected in series in conducting wire, forms the second closed circuit.
Horizontal angle sensor 11, power supply 12, angle processor 8 is connected in series in conducting wire, forms third closed circuit.
The diameter for the spool 1 that insulate is 100mm.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 2, repeating embodiment 1, only the system further includes wireless signal transmitter 13.Wireless signal transmitter
13 connect with galvanometer 7, angle processor 8.The system further includes shell 14.Shell 14 is wrapped in the outside of slide rheostat K
Surrounding.First nonmetallic support rod 501, the second nonmetallic support rod 502 are stretched out from the both ends of shell 14 respectively.The system is also wrapped
Include limit pulley 15.Limiting pulley 15 includes spring 1501 and pulley 1502.Wherein spring 1501 connects pulley 1502 and sliding
Metal slide plate 3 on rheostat K, pulley 1502 are contacted with the inner wall of shell 14.The system further includes knuckle 16.Knuckle 16
The junction of first nonmetallic support rod 501 and the first fixed link 601 is set, for adjusting the first nonmetallic support rod 501
And the first angle between fixed link 601.The system further includes solar panel 17.Solar panel 17 is arranged in shell
14 outside.Solar panel 17 is connect with power supply 12 by conducting wire.
Embodiment 3
Embodiment 2 is repeated, only the system further includes protective resistance 18.Protective resistance 18 is connected on the first closed circuit
In.The system further includes triangle bracket 19.Metal tie rods 4 pass through triangle bracket 19 and the first nonmetallic support rod
501 connections.
Embodiment 4
Embodiment 3 is repeated, as shown in figure 4, the vertical angular transducer 9 includes vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring
901, vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod 902 and vertical angular transducer power supply 903.Vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring
901, vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod 902 and vertical angular transducer power supply 903 form closed circuit.Vertical angle sensor
Single-chip microcontroller is equipped in device pointer connecting rod 902.
Wherein: vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring 901 is arc-shaped.Vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod 902 with
Second nonmetallic support rod 502 connects, and vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod 902 is with the second nonmetallic support rod 502
Movement and rotate.Vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring 901 is fixedly connected with pillar 10.
Insulate spool 1, metal tie rods 4, the first nonmetallic support rod 501, the second nonmetallic support rod 502, shell 14
It is arranged in parallel according to axis direction.
Embodiment 5
Embodiment 4 is repeated, as shown in figure 5, horizontal angle sensor 11 includes horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring
1101, horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod 1102 and horizontal angle sensor power supply 1103.Horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire electricity
Balk ring 1101, horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod 1102 and horizontal angle sensor power supply 1103 form closed circuit.It is horizontal
Single-chip microcontroller is equipped in angular transducer pointer connecting rod 1102.
Wherein: horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring 1101 is arc-shaped.Horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod 1102
It is connect with pillar 10, and horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod 1102 is rotated with the movement of pillar 10.Level angle passes
Sensor wrapping wire resistance ring 1101 is fixedly connected with the second fixed link 602.
Embodiment 6
Embodiment 5 is repeated, only the first nonmetallic support rod 501 and the second nonmetallic support rod 502 are multi-section retractable
Structure.The diameter for the spool 1 that insulate is 20mm.
Embodiment 7
Repeat embodiment 5, the first nonmetallic support rod 501 and the second nonmetallic support rod 502 using telescopic loop bar and
The structure of sectional bar.The diameter for the spool 1 that insulate is 200mm.
Embodiment 8
A kind of mountain cracks monitoring and pre-alarming method, method includes the following steps:
1) the first fixed link 601 of 14 two sides of shell and the second fixed link 602 are separately fixed at mountain cracks two sides
On soil layer, the first fixed link 601 and the second fixed link 602 are adjusted, so that the height of the first fixed link 601 and the second fixed link 602
It spends identical；
2) adjust the spring 1501 on limit pulley 15 so that pulley 1502 is contacted with 14 inner wall of shell, metal slide plate 3 and
Resistance wire 2 is contacted and can normally be slided；Metal slide plate 3 is slided to one end close to vertical angular transducer 9 of resistance wire 2；If
The monitoring initial value and danger warning value of constant current meter 7 and angle processor 9；It checks circuit system and system is debugged；
3) vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod 902 is rotated with the movement of the second nonmetallic support rod 502, makes circuit
Middle resistance and electric current change；Angle processor 8 monitors the variation of vertical angular transducer 9, to judge mountain cracks in Z
The variation that direction occurs；
Horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod 1102 is rotated with the movement of pillar 10, makes resistance and electric current hair in circuit
Changing；The variation of 8 level monitoring angular transducer 10 of angle processor, to judge what mountain cracks occurred in Y direction
Variation；
The resistance variations that slide rheostat K is monitored by galvanometer 7, to judge what mountain cracks occurred in X-direction
Variation.
Embodiment 9
A kind of mountain cracks monitoring and pre-warning system and method, method includes the following steps:
1) by the first fixed link 601 of 14 two sides of shell and the second fixed link 602 respectively with mountain cracks two sides soil phase
It is fixed, the first fixed link 601 and the second fixed link 602 are adjusted, so that the height of the first fixed link 601 and the second fixed link 602
It is identical；
2) spring 1501 of limit pulley 15 is adjusted, so that pulley 1502 is contacted with 1 inner wall of shell, metal slide plate 3 and electricity
Resistance silk 2 is contacted and can normally be slided；Metal slide plate 3 is slided to one end close to vertical angular transducer 9 of resistance wire 2；
3) according to the original width of mountain cracks and actual conditions, the danger warning value of setting electric current meter 7 is I=
12.594mA, i.e., wireless communication when axial tensioning (along monitoring and warning system length direction, that is, X-direction) has reached 30mm
Number transmitter 13 issues early warning；Set angle processor: wireless signal transmitter 13 is sent out when Z-direction sedimentation has reached 30mm
Early warning out；Wireless signal transmitter 13 issues early warning when Y direction variation has reached 30mm；Axial tensioning is set daily to change
Wireless signal transmitter 13 issues early warning, wireless signal transmitter when the average daily variation of Z-direction sedimentation reaches 5mm when reaching 5mm
13 issue early warning；It checks circuit system and system is debugged；
The reading of galvanometer 9 isBy the axial displacement in crackIt can
Know, the reading of galvanometer 9Smaller, the axial displacement X in crack is bigger, and the danger warning value of galvanometer 9 is as a result,I.e. when galvanometer 9 measures when electric current is less than or equal to 12.594mA or current change quantity is greater than 87.406mA
When, wireless signal transmitter 13 issues early warning；
4) monitor and calculate the axial displacement in crack:
A) calculate the increased resistance value of slide rheostat K in the first closed circuit: power supply is constant pressure U=5V, protective resistance
18 resistance value is R0=50 Ω；In monitoring process, the variation delta I=87.406mA of galvanometer 9 can obtain first as a result, and close
Close increased resistance value Δ R in circuit are as follows:
(U/R0-ΔI)*(ΔR+R0)=U (1),
To obtain the final product:
B) calculate the axial displacement in crack in monitoring process: the diameter that measurement obtains insulation spool 1 is D=80mm, resistance
The diameter of silk 2 is d=0.08mm, and the resistivity of resistance wire 2 is ρ=0.01851 Ω/m, and axial monitoring accuracy is 0.08mm, single
Bit length resistance change rate is 3.682 Ω/m, can obtain the axial displacement X in crack as a result, are as follows:
ρ=Δ R π (d/2)2/ (π D Δ X/d) (2),
To obtain the final product:
That is the axial displacement X in crack are as follows:
5) monitor and calculate the Z-direction displacement in crack:
Monitoring for vertical angle is the vertical angular transducer of mobile drive by the second nonmetallic support rod 502
Relative movement of the pointer connecting rod 902 on the vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring 901 of energization causes circuital current to become
Change this process to realize；
Wherein, vertical angle sensor circuit power supply is the independent current source at wrapping wire resistance ring rear, and voltage swing U is
5V.It is closed back by conducting wire and vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring 901 and vertical 902 composition of angular transducer pointer connecting rod
Road, the length of vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod 902 are q1, vertical 901 unit arc length of angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring electricity
Resistance variable quantity is a, and the initial circuit electric current of vertical angular transducer 9 is I1, 9 circuital current of vertical angular transducer is after deformation
I2, then the angle changing α in Z-direction are as follows:
Calculate the displacement of vertical angular transducer 9 in z-direction to the second fixed link 602: in monitoring process, vertical angle
The angle of sensor 9 is α, and α=1 ° is (L+ Δ X) along instrument Axial changes.Measure axial former long L=750mm, axial tensioning
Δ X=30mm, 0 ° 6 ' 53 of Z-direction precision ".When the Z-direction change in displacement of crack, crack changes first, vertical angular transducer prison
The variation for measuring vertical angle, the rheostat that slides axially monitor that axial displacement changes, then the vertical angle monitored and axial position
It moves and the displacement of the Z-direction in crack constitutes a triangle in this vertical plane, then in vertical angle and axial overall length
In known situation, with SIN function, the Z-direction change in displacement for obtaining crack can be converted, Z-direction displacement Z can be obtained are as follows:
Δ Z=(L+ Δ X) sin α=13.613mm；
6) monitor and calculate the Y-direction displacement in crack:
Monitoring for level angle is referred to by the mobile drive horizontal angle sensor of pillar 10 and superstructure
Relative movement of the needle connecting rod 1102 on the horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring 11001 of energization causes circuital current to become
Change this process to realize；
Wherein, horizontal angle sensor circuit power is the independent current source below wrapping wire resistance ring, and voltage swing U is
5V.Pass through conducting wire and horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring 1101 and horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod 1102 composition closure
Circuit, the length of horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod 1102 are q2, 1101 unit arc of horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring
Long resistance change is b, and the initial circuit electric current of horizontal angle sensor 11 is I3, 11 circuit of horizontal angle sensor after deformation
Electric current is I4, then the angle changing β in Y direction are as follows:
Calculate displacement of the horizontal angle sensor 11 to the second fixed link 602 in the Y direction: in monitoring process, horizontal angle
The angle for spending sensor 11 is β, and β=1 ° is (L+ Δ X) along instrument Axial changes.Axial former long L=750mm is measured, it is axial to open
Draw Δ X=30mm, 0 ° 6 ' 53 of Y-direction precision ".When the Y-direction change in displacement of crack, crack changes first, horizontal angle sensor
The variation for monitoring level angle, the rheostat that slides axially monitor that axial displacement changes, then the level angle and axial direction monitored
And the Y-direction displacement in crack constitutes a triangle on this horizontal plane, then known to level angle and axial overall length
In the case where, with SIN function, the Y-direction change in displacement for obtaining crack can be converted, Y-direction displacement Y can be obtained are as follows:
Δ Y=(L+ Δ X) sin β=13.613mm；
7) reading of galvanometer 9The axial displacement in crack has reached 30mm, wireless signal hair
Emitter 13 issues early warning and monitoring side sends real-time displacement and angle-data to the ground.
Embodiment 10
Embodiment 9 is repeated, only:
4) monitor and calculate the axial displacement in crack:
A) calculate the increased resistance value of slide rheostat K in the first closed circuit: power supply is constant pressure U=5V, protective resistance
11 be R0=50 Ω；In monitoring process, the reading of galvanometer is 21.613mA, the variation delta I=78.387mA of galvanometer 9,
Increased resistance value Δ R in the first closed circuit can be obtained as a result, are as follows:
(U/R0-ΔI)*(ΔR+R0)=U (1),
To obtain the final product:
B) calculate the axial displacement in crack in monitoring process: the diameter that measurement obtains insulation spool 1 is D=80mm, resistance
The diameter of silk 2 is d=0.08mm, and the resistivity of resistance wire 2 is ρ=0.01851 Ω/m, and axial monitoring accuracy is 0.08mm, by
This, can obtain the axial displacement X in crack are as follows:
ρ=Δ R π (d/2)2/ (π D Δ X/d) (2),
To obtain the final product:
That is the axial displacement X in crack are as follows:
5) monitor and calculate the Z-direction displacement in crack:
Calculate the displacement of vertical angular transducer 9 in z-direction to the second fixed link 602: in monitoring process, vertical angle
The angle of sensor 9 is α, and α=1 ° is (L+ Δ X) along instrument Axial changes.Measure axial former long L=750mm, axial tensioning
Δ X=20mm, 0 ° 6 ' 53 of Z-direction precision ".When the Z-direction change in displacement of crack, crack changes first, vertical angular transducer prison
The variation for measuring vertical angle, the rheostat that slides axially monitor that axial displacement changes, then the vertical angle monitored and axial position
It moves and the displacement of the Z-direction in crack constitutes a triangle in this vertical plane, then in vertical angle and axial overall length
In known situation, with SIN function, the Z-direction change in displacement for obtaining crack can be converted, Z-direction displacement Z can be obtained are as follows:
Δ Z=(L+ Δ X) sin α=13.438mm；
6) monitor and calculate the Y-direction displacement in crack:
Calculate displacement of the horizontal angle sensor 11 to the second fixed link 602 in the Y direction: in monitoring process, horizontal angle
The angle for spending sensor 11 is β, and β=1 ° is (L+ Δ X) along instrument Axial changes.Axial former long L=750mm is measured, it is axial to open
Δ X=20mm is drawn, splits Y-direction precision 0 ° 6 ' 53 ".When the Y-direction change in displacement of crack, crack changes first, level angle sensing
Device monitors the variation of level angle, and the rheostat that slides axially monitors that axial displacement changes, then the level angle and axis monitored
To and crack Y-direction displacement a triangle is constituted on this horizontal plane, then level angle and axial overall length
In the case where knowing, by using SIN function, the Y-direction change in displacement for obtaining crack can be converted, Y-direction displacement Y can be obtained are as follows:
Δ Y=(L+ Δ X) sin β=13.438mm；
7) Z-direction or the Y-direction displacement in crack have reached 30mm, and wireless signal transmitter 13 issues early warning and monitors to the ground
End sends real-time displacement and angle-data.
Embodiment 11
Embodiment 9 is repeated, only:
4) monitor and calculate the axial displacement in crack:
A) calculate the increased resistance value of slide rheostat K in the first closed circuit: power supply is constant pressure U=5V, protective resistance
11 be R0=50 Ω；In monitoring process, the variation delta I=87.406mA of galvanometer 9, increased resistance value Δ R in closed circuit
Are as follows:
(U/R0-ΔI)*(ΔR+R0)=U (1),
To obtain the final product:
B) calculate the axial displacement in crack in monitoring process: the diameter that measurement obtains insulation spool 1 is D=80mm, resistance
The diameter of silk 2 is d=0.08mm, and the resistivity of resistance wire 2 is ρ=0.01851 Ω/m, and axial monitoring accuracy is 0.08mm, by
This, can obtain the axial displacement X in crack are as follows:
ρ=Δ R π (d/2)2/ (π D Δ X/d) (2),
To obtain the final product:
That is the axial displacement X in crack are as follows:
5) monitor and calculate the Z-direction displacement in crack:
Calculate the displacement of vertical angular transducer 9 in z-direction to the second fixed link 602: in monitoring process, vertical angle
The angle of sensor 9 is α, and α=1 ° is (L+ Δ X) along instrument Axial changes.Measure axial former long L=750mm, axial tensioning
Δ X=30mm, 0 ° 6 ' 53 of crack Z-direction precision ".When the Z-direction change in displacement of crack, crack changes first, vertical angle sensor
Device monitors the variation of vertical angle, and the rheostat that slides axially monitors that axial displacement changes, then the vertical angle and axis monitored
A triangle is constituted in this vertical plane to the displacement of the Z-direction in displacement and crack, it is then total in vertical angle and axially
In situation known to length, with SIN function, the Z-direction change in displacement for obtaining crack can be converted, Z-direction displacement Z can be obtained are as follows:
Δ Z=(L+ Δ X) sin α=13.613mm；
6) monitor and calculate the Y-direction displacement in crack:
Calculate displacement of the horizontal angle sensor 11 to the second fixed link 602 in the Y direction: in monitoring process, horizontal angle
The angle for spending sensor 11 is β, and β=1 ° is (L+ Δ X) along instrument Axial changes.Axial former long L=750mm is measured, it is axial to open
Draw Δ X=30mm, 0 ° 6 ' 53 of Y-direction precision ".When the Y-direction change in displacement of crack, crack changes first, horizontal angle sensor
The variation for monitoring level angle, the rheostat that slides axially monitor that axial displacement changes, then the level angle and axial direction monitored
And the Y-direction displacement in crack constitutes a triangle on this horizontal plane, then known to level angle and axial overall length
In the case where, by using SIN function, the Y-direction change in displacement for obtaining crack can be converted, Y-direction displacement Y can be obtained are as follows:
Δ Y=(L+ Δ X) sin β=13.613mm；
7) displacement of axial displacement, Z-direction or Y-direction displacement in crack have reached 30mm, and wireless signal transmitter 13 issues pre-
Police and to the ground monitoring side send real-time displacement and angle-data.
Claims (21)
1. a kind of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system, the system include: insulation spool (1), resistance wire (2), metal slide plate (3),
Metal tie rods (4), the first nonmetallic support rod (501), the second nonmetallic support rod (502), the first fixed link (601),
Two fixed links (602), galvanometer (7), angle processor (8), vertical angular transducer (9), pillar (10), level angle sensing
Device (11), power supply (12)；Wherein:
Resistance wire (2) is wrapped in insulation spool (1)；Metal tie rods (4) setting connects in the periphery of insulation spool (1), metal
One end of extension bar (4) is connect with metal slide plate (3), and metal slide plate (3) is contacted with the resistance wire (2) in insulation spool (1), and first
The other end and the first fixed link (601) of nonmetallic support rod (501) connection metal tie rods (4)；Second nonmetallic support rod
(502) end of connection insulation spool (1) and vertical angular transducer (9), pillar (10) connect vertical angular transducer (9) even
Connect vertical angular transducer (9) and horizontal angle sensor (11), the bottom of horizontal angle sensor (11) and the second fixed link
(602) it connects；
It insulate spool (1), resistance wire (2), metal slide plate (3), metal tie rods (4) constitute a slide rheostat (K), conducting wire
Slide rheostat (K), power supply (12), galvanometer (7) is connected in series, forms the first closed circuit；
Vertical angular transducer (9), power supply (12), angle processor (8) is connected in series in conducting wire, forms the second closed circuit；
Horizontal angle sensor (11), power supply (12), angle processor (8) are connected in series in conducting wire, form third closed circuit；
Wherein: the diameter of insulation spool (1) is 10-1000mm.
2. mountain cracks monitoring and warning system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the system further includes wireless signal
Transmitter (13), wireless signal transmitter (13) are connect with galvanometer (7), angle processor (8)；And/or
The system further includes shell (14), and shell (14) is wrapped in the outside surrounding of slide rheostat (K), the first nonmetallic support
Bar (501), the second nonmetallic support rod (502) are stretched out from the both ends of shell (14) respectively.
3. mountain cracks monitoring and warning system according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the system further includes limit
Pulley (15), limit pulley (15) includes spring (1501) and pulley (1502)；Wherein spring (1501) connection pulley (1502)
With the metal slide plate (3) on slide rheostat (K), pulley (1502) is contacted with the inner wall of shell (14).
4. mountain cracks monitoring and warning system according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the system further includes turning to
It saves (16)；Knuckle (16) is arranged in the junction of the first nonmetallic support rod (501) and the first fixed link (601), for adjusting
Save the angle between the first nonmetallic support rod (501) and the first fixed link (601)；And/or
The system further includes solar panel (17)；Solar panel (17) is arranged in the outside of shell (14), solar energy
Solar panel (17) is connect with power supply (12) by conducting wire.
5. mountain cracks monitoring and warning system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the system further includes knuckle
(16)；Knuckle (16) is arranged in the junction of the first nonmetallic support rod (501) and the first fixed link (601), for adjusting
Angle between first nonmetallic support rod (501) and the first fixed link (601)；And/or
The system further includes solar panel (17)；Solar panel (17) is arranged in the outside of shell (14), solar energy
Solar panel (17) is connect with power supply (12) by conducting wire.
6. according to claim 1, mountain cracks monitoring and warning system described in any one of 2,5, it is characterised in that: the system is also
Including protective resistance (18), protective resistance (18) is connected in the first closed circuit；And/or
The system further includes triangle bracket (19), and metal tie rods (4) pass through triangle bracket (19) and the first non-gold
Belong to support rod (501) connection.
7. mountain cracks monitoring and warning system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the system further includes protective resistance
(18), protective resistance (18) is connected in the first closed circuit；And/or
The system further includes triangle bracket (19), and metal tie rods (4) pass through triangle bracket (19) and the first non-gold
Belong to support rod (501) connection.
8. mountain cracks monitoring and warning system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the system further includes protective resistance
(18), protective resistance (18) is connected in the first closed circuit；And/or
The system further includes triangle bracket (19), and metal tie rods (4) pass through triangle bracket (19) and the first non-gold
Belong to support rod (501) connection.
9. according to claim 1, mountain cracks monitoring and warning system described in any one of 2,5,7,8, it is characterised in that: described
Vertical angular transducer (9) includes vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring (901), vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod
(902) refer to vertical angular transducer power supply (903), vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring (901), vertical angular transducer
Needle connecting rod (902) and vertical angular transducer power supply (903) form closed circuit；Vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod (902)
It is interior to be equipped with single-chip microcontroller；Wherein: vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring (901) is arc-shaped；Vertical angular transducer pointer connects
Bar (902) is connect with the second nonmetallic support rod (502), and vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod (902) is with second non-
The movement of metallic support rod (502) and rotate；Vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring (901) is fixedly connected with pillar (10)；
And/or
Horizontal angle sensor (11) includes horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring (1101), horizontal angle sensor pointer company
Bar (1102) and horizontal angle sensor power supply (1103), horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring (1101), level angle pass
Sensor pointer connecting rod (1102) and horizontal angle sensor power supply (1103) form closed circuit；Horizontal angle sensor pointer connects
Single-chip microcontroller is equipped in bar (1102)；Wherein: horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring (1101) is arc-shaped；Level angle sensing
Device pointer connecting rod (1102) is connect with pillar (10), and horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod (1102) is with pillar (10)
It moves and rotates；Horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring (1101) is fixedly connected with the second fixed link (602).
10. mountain cracks monitoring and warning system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the vertical angular transducer
It (9) include that vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring (901), vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod (902) and vertical angle pass
Sensor power supply (903), vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring (901), vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod (902) and vertical
Angular transducer power supply (903) forms closed circuit；Single-chip microcontroller is equipped in vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod (902)；Wherein:
Vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring (901) is arc-shaped；Vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod (902) and second nonmetallic
Support rod (502) connection, and vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod (902) is with the shifting of the second nonmetallic support rod (502)
It moves and rotates；Vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring (901) is fixedly connected with pillar (10)；And/or
Horizontal angle sensor (11) includes horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring (1101), horizontal angle sensor pointer company
Bar (1102) and horizontal angle sensor power supply (1103), horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring (1101), level angle pass
Sensor pointer connecting rod (1102) and horizontal angle sensor power supply (1103) form closed circuit；Horizontal angle sensor pointer connects
Single-chip microcontroller is equipped in bar (1102)；Wherein: horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring (1101) is arc-shaped；Level angle sensing
Device pointer connecting rod (1102) is connect with pillar (10), and horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod (1102) is with pillar (10)
It moves and rotates；Horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring (1101) is fixedly connected with the second fixed link (602).
11. mountain cracks monitoring and warning system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the vertical angular transducer
It (9) include that vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring (901), vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod (902) and vertical angle pass
Sensor power supply (903), vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring (901), vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod (902) and vertical
Angular transducer power supply (903) forms closed circuit；Single-chip microcontroller is equipped in vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod (902)；Wherein:
Vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring (901) is arc-shaped；Vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod (902) and second nonmetallic
Support rod (502) connection, and vertical angular transducer pointer connecting rod (902) is with the shifting of the second nonmetallic support rod (502)
It moves and rotates；Vertical angular transducer wrapping wire resistance ring (901) is fixedly connected with pillar (10)；And/or
Horizontal angle sensor (11) includes horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring (1101), horizontal angle sensor pointer company
Bar (1102) and horizontal angle sensor power supply (1103), horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring (1101), level angle pass
Sensor pointer connecting rod (1102) and horizontal angle sensor power supply (1103) form closed circuit；Horizontal angle sensor pointer connects
Single-chip microcontroller is equipped in bar (1102)；Wherein: horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring (1101) is arc-shaped；Level angle sensing
Device pointer connecting rod (1102) is connect with pillar (10), and horizontal angle sensor pointer connecting rod (1102) is with pillar (10)
It moves and rotates；Horizontal angle sensor wrapping wire resistance ring (1101) is fixedly connected with the second fixed link (602).
12. according to claim 1, mountain cracks monitoring and warning system, feature described in any one of 2,5,7,8,10,11 exist
In: the first nonmetallic support rod (501) and the second nonmetallic support rod (502) be multi-section retractable structure；And/or
Insulation spool (1), metal tie rods (4), the first nonmetallic support rod (501), the second nonmetallic support rod (502), shell
Body (14) is arranged in parallel according to axis direction.
13. mountain cracks monitoring and warning system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the first nonmetallic support rod
(501) and the second nonmetallic support rod (502) is multi-section retractable structure；And/or
Insulation spool (1), metal tie rods (4), the first nonmetallic support rod (501), the second nonmetallic support rod (502), shell
Body (14) is arranged in parallel according to axis direction.
14. mountain cracks monitoring and warning system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the first nonmetallic support rod
(501) and the second nonmetallic support rod (502) is multi-section retractable structure；And/or
Insulation spool (1), metal tie rods (4), the first nonmetallic support rod (501), the second nonmetallic support rod (502), shell
Body (14) is arranged in parallel according to axis direction.
15. mountain cracks monitoring and warning system according to claim 12, it is characterised in that: the first nonmetallic support rod
(501) and the second nonmetallic support rod (502) using telescopic loop bar and/or sectional bar structure.
16. mountain cracks monitoring and warning system described in 3 or 14 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the first nonmetallic support
Bar (501) and the second nonmetallic support rod (502) use the structure of telescopic loop bar and/or sectional bar.
17. according to claim 1,2,5,7,8,10,11, mountain cracks monitoring and warning system described in any one of 13-15,
Be characterized in that: the first nonmetallic support rod (501) and the second nonmetallic support rod (502) are made of fire proofing；And/or
Shell (14) is made of fire proofing material.
18. mountain cracks monitoring and warning system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the first nonmetallic support rod
(501) it is made with the second nonmetallic support rod (502) of fire proofing；And/or
Shell (14) is made of fire proofing material.
19. mountain cracks monitoring and warning system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the first nonmetallic support rod
(501) it is made with the second nonmetallic support rod (502) of fire proofing；And/or
Shell (14) is made of fire proofing material.
20. mountain cracks monitoring and warning system according to claim 17, it is characterised in that: the first nonmetallic support rod
(501) and the inside of the second nonmetallic support rod (502) is equipped with cavity；And/or
Shell (14) is sealing structure.
21. mountain cracks monitoring and warning system described in 8 or 19 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the first nonmetallic support
The inside of bar (501) and the second nonmetallic support rod (502) is equipped with cavity；And/or
Shell (14) is sealing structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821422102.2U CN209214530U (en) | 2018-08-31 | 2018-08-31 | A kind of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821422102.2U CN209214530U (en) | 2018-08-31 | 2018-08-31 | A kind of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209214530U true CN209214530U (en) | 2019-08-06 |
Family
ID=67453437
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821422102.2U Expired - Fee Related CN209214530U (en) | 2018-08-31 | 2018-08-31 | A kind of mountain cracks monitoring and warning system |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN209214530U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111366616A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-03 | 苏交科集团股份有限公司 | Steel bridge deck fatigue crack measuring device and method |
| CN113744502A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-03 | 苏州质达飞检测科技有限公司 | Use method of induction device for monitoring landslide |
-
2018
- 2018-08-31 CN CN201821422102.2U patent/CN209214530U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111366616A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-03 | 苏交科集团股份有限公司 | Steel bridge deck fatigue crack measuring device and method |
| CN111366616B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-11 | 苏交科集团股份有限公司 | Steel bridge deck fatigue crack measuring device and method |
| CN113744502A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-03 | 苏州质达飞检测科技有限公司 | Use method of induction device for monitoring landslide |
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Granted publication date: 20190806 |