CN209200134U - A kind of multiband vehicle-mounted antenna system suitable for high-speed rail - Google Patents
A kind of multiband vehicle-mounted antenna system suitable for high-speed rail Download PDFInfo
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- CN209200134U CN209200134U CN201822122874.0U CN201822122874U CN209200134U CN 209200134 U CN209200134 U CN 209200134U CN 201822122874 U CN201822122874 U CN 201822122874U CN 209200134 U CN209200134 U CN 209200134U
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- omnidirectional antenna
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of multiband vehicle-mounted antenna system suitable for high-speed rail, including a two-band omnidirectional antenna, with a pair of of directional aerial, the pair of directional aerial is arranged using back-to-back mode, omnidirectional antenna and directional aerial are arranged using upper and lower stacking pattern, influencing each other between antenna can be effectively reduced, antenna index deteriorates caused by reducing because of combination, improves the running communication quality of high-speed rail.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to wireless communication technology field more particularly to a kind of multiband car antenna suitable for high-speed rail
System.
Background technique
For high-speed rail train there are many communication system, high-speed rail car antenna is single vertical polarization of two-band, omnidirectional antenna；Low
In frequency communication, space path loss is smaller, when car antenna is not high to gain requirement, using omnidirectional antenna be most simple, mobility most
A kind of good mode, in high-frequency communication, since space path loss is larger, car antenna gain requirement is higher, and omnidirectional antenna can not
Meet communication requirement.
The enhanced superelevation of new shore line development is handled up wireless high-speed communications technology EUHT (Enhanced Ultra High
Throughput), when being applied in high-speed rail, EUHT car antenna is the front and back two secondary dual polarization, directional aerial of high band, is used
Directional aerial meets car antenna gain high requirements；Since the car antenna installation site of train is limited, increase EUHT communication
When system, needs to merge EUHT car antenna with original car antenna and be combined into multiband car antenna.
It is not blocked around omnidirectional antenna requirement or remote enough away from shelter, when two kinds of antenna assemblies are in same common antenna
When in cover, since spacing is smaller between two kinds of antenna oscillators, can mutually it be blocked between wave beam, influencing each other for antenna combination causes
Antenna index deteriorate, influence antenna performance.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of multiband vehicle-mounted antenna system suitable for high-speed rail, omnidirectional antennas
Upper and lower stacking pattern is used with a pair of of directional aerial, two secondary directional aerials are arranged using back-to-back mode can be effectively reduced antenna
Between influence each other, reduce because combination caused by antenna index deteriorate.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is a kind of multiband vehicle-mounted antenna system suitable for high-speed rail, comprising:
One omnidirectional antenna, the omnidirectional antenna are vertical depolarized omnidirectional antenna；
A pair of of directional aerial, the pair of directional aerial are orthogonal directional bipolarization antenna；
Two directional aerials use front and back, and mode is arranged back-to-back, and one of directional aerial main beam is directed toward and headstock side
To identical, another directional aerial main beam is directed in opposite directions；
The omnidirectional antenna and the pair of directional aerial use upper and lower arrangement mode, and omnidirectional antenna is in upper, two orientations
Antenna is under；Or two directional aerials, upper, omnidirectional antenna is under.
High-speed rail mobile unit judges whether to switch described two directional aerials according to the command information for receiving base station transmission
Antenna direction.
The mode of described two directional aerial switching antenna directions includes: RF switch or power splitter；Signal passes through radio frequency
Switch switches between two directional aerials, or gives two directional aerial feeds simultaneously by power splitter.
The omnidirectional antenna is two-band low-frequency antenna, and the pair of directional aerial is one-segment high frequency antenna.
For the above and related purposes, one or more embodiments include being particularly described below and in claim
In the feature that particularly points out.Certain illustrative aspects are described in detail in the following description and the annexed drawings, and its instruction is only
Some modes in the utilizable various modes of the principle of each embodiment.Other benefits and novel features will be under
The detailed description in face is considered in conjunction with the accompanying and becomes obvious, the disclosed embodiments be all such aspects to be included and they
Be equal.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is antenna oscillator arrangement side schematic view provided by the utility model；
Fig. 2 is antenna system beam direction schematic diagram provided by the utility model；
Fig. 3 is switch feeding classification schematic diagram provided by the invention；
Fig. 4 is power splitter feeding classification schematic diagram provided by the invention；
Fig. 5 is each position switching condition schematic diagram during high-speed rail provided by the invention is advanced；
Fig. 6 is switch feeding classification car antenna provided by the invention and rear base station communication schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is switch feeding classification car antenna provided by the invention and front base station communication schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is function point feeding classification car antenna provided by the invention and rear base station communication schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is function point feeding classification car antenna provided by the invention and front base station communication schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is the former high-speed rail omni-directional antenna pattern provided by the utility model not combined；
Figure 11 is omni-directional antenna pattern after combination provided by the utility model；
Figure 12 is front and back directional antenna pattern after combination provided by the utility model.
Specific embodiment
The detailed features and advantage of narration the utility model, content are enough to make ability in detail in embodiments below
Domain skilled artisans will appreciate that the technology contents of the utility model and be implemented, and according to content disclosed in this specification,
Protection scope and attached drawing, those of ordinary skill in the art can be readily understood upon the relevant purpose of the utility model and advantage.Below
Embodiment be that the viewpoint of the utility model, but the non-protection model anyways to limit the utility model is further described
It encloses.
Embodiment
Improving antenna gain is to increase one of the important means of wireless coverage distance, and antenna lobe width is smaller, and gain is got over
Greatly.In wireless communications, antenna needs to have certain beam angle, to meet cover width requirement；However beam angle cannot
Unlimited to reduce, gain can not be improved infinitely.If antenna gain can not improve too much, similar frequency bands using omnidirectional antenna
Lower omnidirectional antenna coverage distance is limited；If a direction scope can only be covered using single secondary directional aerial.In order in antenna
Meet and reach gain maximum under the premise of beam angle, the utility model is not being changed using before and after horizontal direction two secondary directional aerials
Under the premise of variable directional antenna index, wireless coverage distance is significantly improved.By omnidirectional antenna and directional aerial using row up and down
Mode for cloth, reduces mutually blocking between two kinds of antenna oscillators, and amplitude peak reduces influence of the combination to antenna performance.
The utility model provides a kind of multiband vehicle-mounted antenna system suitable for high-speed rail, as shown in Figure 1, comprising:
1 low-frequency range omnidirectional antenna: two-band list vertical polarization, omnidirectional antenna.There are two be separated by a gap working frequency range
Continuous low-frequency range；360 ° of homogeneous radiations of horizontal direction, height pattern show as the wave beam of one fixed width.As Fig. 2 is provided
Shown in antenna system beam direction schematic diagram, top is omnidirectional antenna 3D directional diagram, and wave beam is in omni-directional in the horizontal direction,
360 ° of homogeneous radiations, the change in signal strength of all directions is small, and similar to bagel, height pattern has been shown as centainly directional diagram
The wave beam of width.In LF communication, space path loss is smaller, when car antenna is not high to gain requirement, is using omnidirectional antenna
A kind of mode most simple, mobility is best.
2 a pair of of directional aerials, comprising: 2a high band forward radiation directional aerial, 2b high band backward radiation directional aerial,
Two quadrature dualpolarized directional aerials, comprising: ± 45 degree of dual polarized antennas or horizontal vertical directional bipolarization antenna.It is exemplary
, ± 45 degree of directional bipolarization antennas include that the mutually orthogonal antenna of two secondary polarization directions, beam direction base are spent in+45 degree and -45
This coincidence ,+45 degree poliarizing antennas show as certain beam angle, and -45 degree antennas also show as certain beam angle, such as Fig. 2 institute
Show, directional antenna beams are in certain angle range of radiation, and directional, lobe width is smaller, and gain is bigger, in high-frequency communication
In, since space path loss is larger, car antenna gain requirement is higher, preferred orientation antenna.Two high bands in the application are fixed
Back-to-back mode is taken to arrange to antenna, wherein 2a high band forward radiation directional antenna beams are directed toward headstock direction；2b high frequency
Section backward radiation directional antenna beams are directed toward opposite with 2a high band forward radiation directional antenna beams direction.
In the application in multiband car antenna include low frequency be vertical depolarized omnidirectional antenna, high frequency quadrature dualpolarized orientation
Antenna, antenna form differ greatly, therefore high frequency directional aerial and low frequency omni-directional antenna use the combination of different oscillators:
Preferably, for structural schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1, the figure is antenna side view, high frequency directional aerial oscillator is left and right row
Column, wave beam are respectively directed to headstock, tailstock both direction；Low frequency omni-directional antenna is right above two directional aerials.
Two kinds of antenna main beams are directed to horizontal direction, using upper and lower overlaying structure, in the horizontal direction two kinds of antenna vibrations
It is not blocked mutually between son, therefore horizontal directivity pattern is barely affected；Directional aerial vertical direction is antenna sidelobe, omnidirectional
It is antenna null below antennas orthogonal, so vertical orientations are insensitive to blocking, therefore omnidirectional antenna and directional aerial are folded up and down
Add mode, can the influence by two kinds of antenna combinations to antenna performance be preferably minimized.
Optionally, high frequency directional aerial oscillator is one in front and one in back to arrange, and wave beam is respectively directed to headstock, tailstock both direction；
Low frequency omni-directional antenna is immediately below two directional aerials.Omnidirectional antenna in lower section, the combination of two directional aerials above,
Omnidirectional antenna top-direction figure is slightly influenced by some, also can be realized same effect substantially.
When using the two width directional aerial, switched between the antenna of front and back by RF switch, or passes through function point
Device is fed to two slave antennas:
1. switching feeding classification
As shown in figure 3, by switch two slave antennas of connection, synchronization RF energy gives off through wherein common antenna
It goes, when train passes through the switching position between two base stations, radiofrequency signal is through switching to another slave antenna, wireless signal
It radiates round about, radiofrequency signal switches between two slave antenna of front and back, can cover former and later two directions, and then wirelessly cover
Lid distance increases about one times, effectively reduces base station and sets up quantity.
Specifically, Along Railway sets up EUHT communication base station, high band left-hand radiates directional antenna beams and is directed toward tailstock side
To high band dextrad radiates directional antenna beams and is directed toward headstock direction, and along the line, when driving, mobile unit receives base to high-speed rail train
Stand send command information, mobile unit according to the command information that base station is sent judge whether switching antenna direction.
The command information that the base station is sent includes " switching condition under tower " and " switching condition between standing ", as shown in figure 5, column
Along vehicle when driving, mobile unit judges whether to trigger RF switch switching antenna direction according to the command information received；
As shown in fig. 6, when train in the section L1 when driving, car antenna be directed toward rear base station, reception come from behind base
The command information stood, is unsatisfactory for switching condition between station at this time, and car antenna direction remains unchanged；
As shown in fig. 7, the command information sent according to base station is it is found that the position when train driving to " switching point between standing "
Switching condition between meeting station is set, mobile unit control RF switch switches to forward facing antenna, and signal can cover the section L2 at this time.When
When train is continued under traveling to tower, the command information sent according to base station is it is found that the position meets " switching condition under tower ", at this time
Mobile unit is switched to rearward-facing antenna.Radiofrequency signal switches between two slave antennas, and wireless signal can cover former and later two sides
To, total coverage distance is L1+L2, and forward and backward antenna gain is identical, and transmission power is identical, and L1 and L2 are essentially identical, so
Compared with single secondary directional aerial, using two slave antenna of front and back by switching mode, coverage distance about be can be improved
Before twice.
2. power splitter feeding classification
As shown in figure 4, being switched between forward facing antenna and rearward-facing antenna using power splitter feeding classification, control is simple, is easy
It realizes, and the relatively single secondary directional aerial of coverage distance is also obviously improved.
Along Railway sets up EUHT communication base station, and rearward-facing antenna is to two secondary days before mobile unit is separately connected by power splitter
Line feed, along the line, when driving, car antenna can receive former and later two base station signals to high-speed rail train simultaneously, as shown in Figure 8: leaning on
Car antenna is stronger to base station signal after receiving when nearly rear base station location, and mobile unit is communicated with backward base station, backward
Coverage distance is L1 '；Since power splitter has 3dB function point loss, the power for inputting rearward-facing antenna subtracts compared with switching mode
Few about 3dB, theoretically, wireless signal is reduced with square distance, and antenna input power reduces 3dB, and coverage distance reduces about 0.7
Times, it can thus be appreciated that 0.7 × L1 of L1 ' ≈.
Wait travel to switching position, as shown in Figure 9: car antenna receives that front base station signal is stronger, and mobile unit is with before
Fang Jizhan is communicated, coverage distance L2 ', similarly 0.7 × L2 of L2 ' ≈, and total coverage distance is L1 '+L2 ' ≈ 0.7 × (L1+
L2).Coverage distance using power splitter mode is approximately 0.7 times of RF switch；About due to the coverage distance using RF switch
It is 2 times of single secondary directional aerial, reckoning can obtain, and to two slave antennas by power splitter feeding classification, coverage distance is single pair for front and back
1.4 times of directional aerial.
Using power splitter feeding classification, although wireless coverage distance is not so good as switching mode, power splitter substitution is opened
Control section is closed, control difficulty is reduced, it is easy to operate.
In conclusion optimal coverage distance can be obtained using RF switch mode, skill can be reduced using power splitter
Art complexity, and the relatively single secondary directional aerial of coverage distance is also obviously improved.
It should be noted that the RF switch and power splitter can be realized outside antenna, also can integrate in antenna
Realize said function in inside.
Present inventor is tested according to antenna system provided by the above embodiment, the former high-speed rail omnidirectional not combined
Antenna Pattern Measuring Test result such as Figure 10, is combined by the way of being superimposed up and down, and the omni-directional antenna pattern after combination tests knot
Fruit such as Figure 11, front and back directional antenna pattern test result such as Figure 12 after combination.
Figure 10 and Figure 11 are compared, the directional diagram out-of-roundness after combination does not combine omnidirectional antenna no worse than；By Figure 12
As it can be seen that directional antenna pattern is also barely affected after combination, show using upper and lower stacked system combination omnidirectional antenna and water
Flat directional aerial, antenna radiation pattern influence each other smaller.
Compared with scheme in the prior art, the utility model is had the advantage that
1, omnidirectional antenna and directional aerial use upper and lower arrangement mode, can reduce the mutual screening between two kinds of antenna oscillators
Gear, amplitude peak reduce influence of the combination to antenna performance.
2, two secondary directional aerials use front and back arrangement back-to-back, and coupled system uses, can dramatically increase wireless coverage away from
From.
Embodiment described above, only the preferred embodiments of the utility model, are not the implementation model to limit the utility model
It encloses, therefore all equivalent change or modifications done according to structure, feature and principle described in present utility model application the scope of the patents, it should all
It is included in the scope of the utility model patent application.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of multiband vehicle-mounted antenna system suitable for high-speed rail, comprising:
One omnidirectional antenna, the omnidirectional antenna are vertical depolarized omnidirectional antenna；
A pair of of directional aerial, the pair of directional aerial are orthogonal directional bipolarization antenna；Before described two directional aerials use
Back-to-back mode is arranged afterwards, and one of directional aerial main beam is directed toward, another directional aerial main wave identical as headstock direction
Beam is directed in opposite directions；
The omnidirectional antenna and the pair of directional aerial use upper and lower arrangement mode, and omnidirectional antenna is in upper, two directional aerials
Under；Or,
Two directional aerials are upper, and omnidirectional antenna is under.
2. multiband vehicle-mounted antenna system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
High-speed rail mobile unit judges whether to switch the day of described two directional aerials according to the command information for receiving base station transmission
Line direction.
3. multiband vehicle-mounted antenna system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that
The mode of described two directional aerial switching antenna directions includes: RF switch or power splitter；Signal passes through RF switch
Switch between two directional aerials, or gives two directional aerial feeds simultaneously by power splitter.
4. multiband vehicle-mounted antenna system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The omnidirectional antenna is two-band low-frequency antenna, and the pair of directional aerial is one-segment high frequency antenna.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201822122874.0U CN209200134U (en) | 2018-12-18 | 2018-12-18 | A kind of multiband vehicle-mounted antenna system suitable for high-speed rail |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201822122874.0U CN209200134U (en) | 2018-12-18 | 2018-12-18 | A kind of multiband vehicle-mounted antenna system suitable for high-speed rail |
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| CN209200134U true CN209200134U (en) | 2019-08-02 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112672311A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-16 | 中国铁塔股份有限公司 | Communication device and train |
| WO2021190411A1 (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2021-09-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna, antenna module and wireless network device |
| CN114175516A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2022-03-11 | 索尼集团公司 | Electronic device and method in wireless communication system |
| CN116939752A (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-10-24 | 迪泰（浙江）通信技术有限公司 | Shipborne communication device and communication method thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-12-18 CN CN201822122874.0U patent/CN209200134U/en active Active
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114175516A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2022-03-11 | 索尼集团公司 | Electronic device and method in wireless communication system |
| CN114175516B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2024-01-23 | 索尼集团公司 | Electronic device and method in wireless communication system |
| WO2021190411A1 (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2021-09-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna, antenna module and wireless network device |
| CN112672311A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-16 | 中国铁塔股份有限公司 | Communication device and train |
| CN112672311B (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2023-06-02 | 中国铁塔股份有限公司 | Communication device and train |
| CN116939752A (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-10-24 | 迪泰（浙江）通信技术有限公司 | Shipborne communication device and communication method thereof |
| CN116939752B (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2024-01-12 | 迪泰（浙江）通信技术有限公司 | Shipborne communication device and communication method thereof |
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