CN209124399U - A kind of fruit quality vision detection and classification device - Google Patents
A kind of fruit quality vision detection and classification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN209124399U CN209124399U CN201821040913.6U CN201821040913U CN209124399U CN 209124399 U CN209124399 U CN 209124399U CN 201821040913 U CN201821040913 U CN 201821040913U CN 209124399 U CN209124399 U CN 209124399U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of fruit quality vision detection and classification devices, including conveyer belt, vision detection system, fruit pick-and-place manipulator, fruit case system, shell and control system.The vision detection system includes optoelectronic switch and two groups of photomoduels, and each photomoduel is located at the front of optoelectronic switch in first group of photomoduel, the left and right and top of conveyer belt, and each photomoduel is located at the same side of conveyer belt in second group of photomoduel；The fruit pick-and-place machinery hand includes horizontal sliding table, vertical slide unit, wide type finger cylinder, flexible clamping jaw linking arm, two flexible clamping plates；The fruit case system includes fruit case and fruit case slide unit；Further relate to a kind of detection stage division of fruit quality using above-mentioned fruit quality vision detection and classification device.The detection, classification and vanning of fruit quality can be achieved at the same time in the fruit quality vision detection and classification device and detection stage division of the utility model, and can be realized the comprehensive detection of fruit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fruit quality detection and classification device and detection stage divisions.
Background technique
The detection and classification of fruit quality substantially or by hand carry out, and speed is slow, low efficiency, are unable to quantitative detection, and
And subjective factor will affect classification results.To solve this problem, it is developed the fruit quality detection point of various automations
Stage arrangement.One camera is installed to detect fruit quality such as above fruit conveying device, but this method can only clap
The image on fruit top half surface is taken the photograph, comprehensive detection cannot be carried out to fruit.
Some fruit quality detection and classification devices use double-cone roller fruit conveying, turning device, enable fruit to
While preceding conveying, moreover it is possible to rotate fruit around trunnion axis, to achieve the purpose that detect fruit whole surface；Due to most of water
Fruit is not the spherical structure of standard, and there are also carpopodiums, such as apple to have the carpopodium position and fruit calyx position of indent for some, can interfere water
Fruit rotates freely, so that certain positions of fruit cannot expose for detection.In addition, such fruit conveying device pair
Fruit surface can generate biggish friction, cause a degree of damage to fruit.Existing fruit quality detection and classification device
Same grade fruit is simply only sent to the same place, but can not achieve automatic boxing.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiency of the prior art, providing one kind being capable of comprehensive detection fruit quality and classification by the present invention
The device of vanning.
The technical scheme to solve the above technical problems is that a kind of fruit quality vision detection and classification device,
It is characterized in that, including conveyer belt, vision detection system, fruit pick-and-place manipulator and fruit case system；The vision detection system packet
Optoelectronic switch and two groups of photomoduels are included, the optoelectronic switch is mounted on the bracket of the conveyer belt, each group of photomoduel
Including three or more photomoduels, each photomoduel is separately mounted to the left and right two of the conveyer belt in first group of photomoduel
Side and top；Second group of photomoduel is mounted on the same side of the conveyer belt；The photomoduel includes camera and camera lens；Institute
Stating fruit pick-and-place machinery hand includes horizontal sliding table, vertical slide unit and flexible clamping jaw, and the flexibility clamping jaw is fixedly mounted on described perpendicular
On straight slide unit slide plate, the vertical slide unit is fixedly mounted on the horizontal sliding table slide plate, and the vertical slide unit slide plate can be along perpendicular
For histogram to movement, the horizontal sliding table slide plate can be along the horizontal motion in the direction moved perpendicular to the conveyer belt；It is described
Fruit case system includes fruit case and fruit case slide unit, and fruit case is located on fruit case slide unit slide plate, can be with fruit case slide unit slide plate edge
It is parallel to the direction movement of the conveyer belt movement.
Further, the camera lens direction of each photomoduel is located above the conveyer belt in first group of photomoduel
The same point A, point A is located in front of the optoelectronic switch, and the direction of the conveyer belt movement is forward also, described first
The center of each photomoduel is respectively positioned on a perpendicular perpendicular to the transmission tape motion direction in group photomoduel；
The camera lens of each photomoduel same point B ipsilateral towards the conveyer belt, point B are located at point in second group of photomoduel
The front of A is higher than point A, also, the center of each photomoduel in second group of photomoduel is respectively positioned on one and is parallel to
On the perpendicular of the transmission tape motion direction, positioned at the forward and backward and lower section of point B.
Further, the flexible clamping jaw includes wide type finger cylinder and two flexible clamping plates, two flexible clamping plates
It is separately mounted on two clamping jaws of the wide type finger cylinder.
Further, the flexible clamping plate includes clamping plate mounting plate, clamping plate substrate, flexible board, guide post, guide sleeve, guide sleeve spiral shell
Mother, spring spindle, spring, spring bearer plate, limited post, spacer pin；The guide sleeve is lag bolt shape, there is hole among it, described to lead
The guide sleeve nut is applied to be mounted on the clamping plate mounting plate；The guide post passes through the hole among the guide sleeve, and one end is solid
It is scheduled on the clamping plate substrate；The spring bearer plate is fixed on the clamping plate mounting plate, there is hole thereon, and the spring spindle is worn
The hole is crossed, one end of which is fixed on the clamping plate substrate；For the spring pocket on spring spindle, one end withstands on the spring pressure
On plate, the other end is withstood on the clamping plate substrate；There is hole for the spring spindle, spring, limited post on the clamping plate mounting plate
It is passed through with minor diameter one end of guide sleeve；The limited post passes through the clamping plate mounting plate, and one end of which is fixed on the clamping plate substrates
On, the other end has hole along radial direction, wherein penetrating the spacer pin；The flexible board is fixed on the clamping plate substrate
On, in the other side of the guide post.
Further, the material of the flexible board is rubber, polyurethane or sponge；The material of the guide sleeve is polytetrafluoroethyl-ne
Alkene can reduce the friction between guide sleeve and guide post, move flexible board and clamping plate substrate relative to clamping plate mounting plate more flexible,
The service life of guide post can be extended.
Further, the shape of fruit is almost spherical or approximate elliposoidal, described in transmitting and using on a moving belt
Flexible clamping jaw clamping.
It further, further include shell, the shell surrounds the vision detection system, inner wall blacking, inside installation
There is lighting source, farthest avoid environment light to the influence of detection, reduce influence of the reflection to detection of interior lights, is phase
Thermomechanical components provide an installation foundation and dust-proof.
It further, further include control system, the control system includes master control computer, Ethernet switch, switch
Measure module, motion controller, motor driver, industrial computer；There are two Ethernet interfaces for the industrial computer tool, wherein
One is gigabit ethernet interface, and for connecting the camera in a photomoduel, another is handed over for connecting the Ethernet
It changes planes；The master control computer connection Ethernet switch, switching value module and motion controller.
Further, the invention further relates to a kind of detection stage divisions of fruit quality, are regarded using above-mentioned fruit quality
Feel that detection grading plant carries out detection classification to fruit, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1, the optoelectronic switch detect the fruit leading edge, remember that the moment ist 1, detection is further continued for until described
The rear of fruit reaches, and remembers that the moment ist 2, remember that the speed of the conveyer belt isv, then the fruit can be estimated along the biography
The size in direction with movement is sent to bel 1=v(t 2-t 1), if center line and institute along the optoelectronic switch of the transmission tape motion direction
The distance for stating point A isl 2, then fromt 2From moment, the center of the fruit reached point A and perpendicular to the side of conveyer belt movement
To perpendicular time be Δt 1=(l 2-l 1/2)/v；
Step 2, fromt 2At the moment, be delayed Δt 1, remember that the moment ist 3, control the phase in first group of photomoduel
Machine exposure, the industrial computer for connecting each camera in first group of photomoduel obtain the left and right of the fruit collected
With the image of uper side surface, and acquired image is handled, is lacked with detecting the left and right and uper side surface of the fruit
Fall into situation, count the color of this part of the surface, calculate the fruit along be parallel to direction that the conveyer belt moves, perpendicular to institute
State horizontal direction, the size of vertical direction of conveyer belt movement；
Step 3, note are at a distance from point A along the direction that the conveyer belt moves point Bl 3, then the fruit center from cross point
A and the side for moving to point B perpendicular to the perpendicular in the direction of conveyer belt movement and being moved perpendicular to the conveyer belt
To perpendicular time be Δt 2=l 3/vFromt 3At the moment, be delayed Δt 2, the flexible clamping jaw closure is controlled, is clamped
Fruit on the conveyer belt；
Step 4, the vertical slide unit motor operating of control, make vertical slide unit slide plate that the flexible clamping jaw be driven to rise, Zhi Daosuo
Until the center of fruit clamped by stating on flexible clamping jaw reached the horizontal plane of point B, the vertical slide unit motor stalling is controlled；
Step 5, the control horizontal sliding table motor operating, make the horizontal sliding table slide plate drive the flexible clamping jaw along water
Square to movement, until the center of fruit clamped on the flexible clamping jaw reached point B and was parallel to the conveyer belt fortune
The perpendicular in dynamic direction；
Camera exposure in step 6, control second group of photomoduel, connects each phase in second group of photomoduel
The industrial computer of machine obtains the image of the forward and backward and downside surface of fruit collected, and to acquired image at
Reason, to detect the defect situation of the forward and backward and downside surface of the fruit, counts the color of this part of the surface；
Step 7, the master control computer obtain the testing result of each industrial camera, are summarized, and make comprehensive descision,
Determine the grade of the fruit；
Step 8, the fruit case slide unit for controlling the horizontal sliding table motor, vertical slide unit motor and corresponding fruit case system
Fruit clamped by the flexible clamping jaw is moved to some empty fruit Kong Shangfang of respective level fruit case, control by motor operating
Clamped fruit is discharged into the fruit hole of lower section by the flexibility clamping jaw；
The flexible clamping jaw is moved back into and is located at by step 9, the control horizontal sliding table motor, the operating of vertical slide unit motor
Initial position above conveyer belt prepares to clamp next fruit.
(1) the fruit pick-and-place manipulator in the present invention can clamp fruit on a moving belt, and fruit is transported to second
The detection position of group photomoduel；First group of photomoduel and second group of photomoduel can collect fruit surface from different directions
Image, to carry out comprehensive detection to fruit surface；Fruit case slide unit can carry fruit case edge and be parallel to the side that conveyer belt moves
To movement, matched with flexible clamping jaw along the direction of horizontal sliding table and the movement of vertical direction, the fruit after can will test
It is transported in the empty fruit hole of corresponding fruit case and realizes classification vanning.
(2) with flexible clamping plate clamping fruit when, flexible board and spring are provided which buffer function, avoid damage fruit.Due to
Flexible board can generate biggish deformation when clamping fruit, and the different parts deformation for contacting fruit will be different, therefore, flexible
Contact of the plate with fruit is biggish face contact, further protects clamped fruit, can make to clamp more stable.Limited post
Use with spacer pin avoids excessive low clamping force-stroke of the clamping plate substrate relative to clamping plate mounting plate, reduces to described
The requirement of wide type finger cylinder stroke, keeps clamping process faster.
(3) present invention solves the problems, such as that fruit bottom surface, front-back can not be shot in conveyer belt transmission.The prior art is logical
Crossing is that fruit is rolled or rotated, repeatedly shoots the overall profile for obtaining fruit, and above-mentioned mentality of designing is theoretically feasible, but
When encountering fruit in irregular shape in specific implementation process, one side fruit will not stable point according to actual needs it is static,
On the other hand irregular due to shape, when mobile fruit, is very easy to cause mobile route deviation that cannot accurately be moved to specified
Therefore point is not have the universality of operation in practical application.The present invention is by being respectively arranged one group of phase in A, B two o'clock
Thermomechanical components, the left and right face and top surface of first group of photomoduel shooting fruit, fruit is stablized static on a moving belt at this time, then passes
When band being sent to continue to be transferred among flexible clamping jaw, flexible clamping jaw clamps fruit, the front-back of second group of photomoduel shooting fruit
And bottom surface, fruit is also stablized static in flexible clamping jaw at this time, meanwhile, pass through the frequency match of optoelectronic switch, energy during being somebody's turn to do
Enough appearances for detecting fruit in all directions under the premise of not damaged fruit, to obtain accurate fruit quality information.
(4) fruit quality vision detection and classification device of the invention can place more (altogether before and after same conveyer belt
With same conveyer belt), the speed of detection, classification and vanning can be improved in concurrent working；In addition, vision-based detection of the invention
Grading plant can detect in all directions the quality of fruit, and realize classification and vanning.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of fruit quality vision detection and classification equipments overall structure in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of vision detection system in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic view of the mounting position of first group of photomoduel in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic view of the mounting position of second group of photomoduel in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of a photomoduel in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of fruit pick-and-place manipulator in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of horizontal sliding table in the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of vertical slide unit in the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of flexible clamping jaw in the present invention, wherein only depicting the flexible clamping plate of side；
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram that the flexible clamping plate of clamping plate mounting plate is eliminated in the present invention；
Figure 11 is the perspective view of guide sleeve in the present invention；
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram that flexible clamping jaw clamps lesser fruit in the present invention；
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram that flexible clamping jaw clamps biggish fruit in the present invention；
Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of fruit case system in the present invention；
Figure 15 is the schematic diagram that fruit quality vision detection and classification device loads onto shell in the present invention；
Figure 16 is the structural block diagram of control system in the present invention；
Figure 17 is the schematic diagram that fruit is located at first vision-based detection position in the present invention；
Figure 18 is the schematic diagram that fruit pick-and-place manipulator clamps fruit on a moving belt in the present invention；
Figure 19 is the schematic diagram that fruit is transported to second vision-based detection position by fruit pick-and-place manipulator in the present invention；
Figure 20 is that the fruit after fruit pick-and-place manipulator will test in the present invention is transported to a sky of respective level fruit case
Fruit hole top schematic diagram.
Appended drawing reference: 1, conveyer belt, 2, vision detection system, 2-1, optoelectronic switch, 2-2, first camera component, 2-2-1,
Camera, 2-2-2, camera lens, 2-2-3, light source, 2-2-4, camera support；2-3, second camera component, 2-4, third camera component,
2-5, the 4th photomoduel, 2-6, the 5th photomoduel, 2-7, the 6th photomoduel；3, fruit pick-and-place manipulator, 3-1, machinery
Hand bracket, 3-2, horizontal sliding table, 3-2-1, horizontal sliding table motor, 3-2-2, horizontal sliding table pedestal, 3-2-3, horizontal sliding table slide plate；
3-3, vertical slide unit, 3-3-1, vertical slide unit motor, 3-3-2, vertical slid platform base, 3-3-3, vertical slide unit slide plate；It is 3-4, soft
Property clamping jaw linking arm, 3-5, wide type finger cylinder, 3-6, the first flexible clamping plate, 3-6-1, clamping plate mounting plate, 3-6-2, clamping plate base
Plate, 3-6-3, flexible board, 3-6-4, guide post, 3-6-5, guide sleeve, 3-6-6, guide sleeve nut, 3-6-7, spring spindle, 3-6-8, bullet
Spring, 3-6-9, spring bearer plate, 3-6-10, limited post, 3-6-11, spacer pin；3-7, the second flexible clamping plate；4, the first fruit case system
System, 4-1, the first fruit case, 4-2, fruit case slide unit, 4-2-1, the first fruit case slide unit motor, 4-2-2, fruit case slid platform base, 4-2-3,
Fruit case slide unit slide plate；5, the second fruit case system, 5-1, the second fruit case, 5-2-1, the second fruit case slide unit motor；6, third fruit case system
System, 6-2-1, third fruit case slide unit motor；7, fruit case system frame, 8, shell, 9, control system.
Specific embodiment
The principle and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in Fig. 1, Figure 15 and Figure 16, fruit quality vision detection and classification device of the invention includes conveyer belt 1, vision
Detection system 2, fruit pick-and-place manipulator 3, the first fruit case system 4, the second fruit case system 5, third fruit case system 6, fruit case system
Bracket 7, shell 8 and control system 9.
As shown in figs 2-4, vision detection system 2 includes optoelectronic switch 2-1 and two groups of photomoduels, first group of phase unit
Part includes first camera component 2-2, second camera component 2-3, third camera component 2-4, and second group of photomoduel includes camera
4th photomoduel 2-5, the 5th photomoduel 2-6, the 6th photomoduel 2-7. optoelectronic switch 2-1 are by emitting and receiving two
It is grouped as, is separately mounted on two side stands of conveyer belt 1；First camera component 2-2, second camera component 2-3 and third phase
Thermomechanical components 2-4 is separately mounted to the left and right sides and top of conveyer belt 1, and first camera component 2-2, second camera component 2-
The camera lens of 3 and third camera component 2-4 is located in front of optoelectronic switch 2-1 towards the same point A for being located at 1 top of conveyer belt, point A
(direction that conveyer belt 1 moves is forward), also, first camera component 2-2, second camera component 2-3 and third camera component
The center of 2-4 is respectively positioned on a perpendicular perpendicular to 1 direction of motion of conveyer belt；4th photomoduel 2-5, the 5th camera
Component 2-6 and the 6th photomoduel 2-7 is mounted on the right side of conveyer belt 1, the 4th photomoduel 2-5, the 5th photomoduel 2-6 and
For the camera lens of 6th photomoduel 2-7 towards the same point B on 1 right side of conveyer belt, point B is located at the front of point A, higher than point A, and
And the center of the 4th photomoduel 2-5, the 5th photomoduel 2-6 and the 6th photomoduel 2-7 are respectively positioned on one and are parallel to transmission
On perpendicular with 1 direction of motion, positioned at rear, the preceding and lower section of point B.
Point A is located at the centre of conveyer belt 1 along 1 width direction of conveyer belt, is to be checked at a distance from conveyer belt 1 along short transverse
Survey fruit along the average value of short transverse size half, along the direction that conveyer belt 1 moves with the center line of optoelectronic switch 2-1
Distance it is more bigger than the maximum sized half of fruit to be detected, for example big 10mm.
Point B is more bigger than the full-size of fruit to be detected with a distance from point A along the direction that conveyer belt 1 moves, for example greatly
10mm, along short transverse at a distance from conveyer belt 1 than fruit to be detected along maximum sized 1.5 times of bigger, examples of short transverse
Such as big 10mm.
For guarantee fruit forwarded along the center of conveyer belt 1, be symmetrically installed on two side stands of conveyer belt 1 two pieces to
The inclined guide plate of 1 front, center of conveyer belt, the gap between the leading edge of two pieces of guide plates are slightly larger than the full-size of fruit, and guide plate is met
Flexible material is applied or pasted to the one side of fruit.
As shown in figure 5, first camera component 2-2 includes camera 2-2-1, camera lens 2-2-2, light source 2-2-3 and camera support
2-2-4, second camera component 2-3, third camera component 2-4, the 4th photomoduel 2-5, the 5th photomoduel 2-6 and the 6th phase
The structure of thermomechanical components 2-7 is identical as first camera component 2-2's.
Camera in each photomoduel selects the colored industrial camera of GigE interface, such as the MER-051- of Daheng's image
120GC-P color camera, resolution ratio 808 × 608, frame per second 120fps, transmission rate reach as high as 1000Mbit/s；Light source 2-2-
3 be annular light source, is sleeved on camera lens 2-2-2, and annular light source is made of the LED light emitting diode circularized of arranging.
As shown in fig. 6, fruit pick-and-place manipulator 3 includes manipulator support 3-1, horizontal sliding table 3-2, vertical slide unit 3-3, width
Type finger cylinder 3-5, flexible clamping jaw linking arm 3-4, the flexible clamping plate 3-7 of the first flexibility clamping plate 3-6 and second.
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, horizontal sliding table 3-2 includes horizontal sliding table motor 3-2-1, horizontal sliding table pedestal 3-2-2 and water
Somoothing board slide plate 3-2-3, horizontal sliding table 3-2 are fixed on manipulator support 3-1, and horizontal sliding table slide plate 3-2-3 is along perpendicular to biography
The horizontal motion in the direction for sending band 1 to move.Horizontal sliding table motor 3-2-1 is stepper motor or servo motor.Horizontal sliding table
It is screw-nut structure inside 3-2, horizontal sliding table motor 3-2-1 drives lead screw rotation, is converted to linear motion through feed screw nut
Horizontal sliding table slide plate 3-2-3 linear motion is driven afterwards.Horizontal sliding table 3-2 further includes the limit switch and peace for being mounted on stroke both ends
Zero position switch mounted in one end.
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 8, vertical slide unit 3-3 includes vertical slide unit motor 3-3-1, vertical slid platform base 3-3-2 and erects
Straight slide unit slide plate 3-3-3, vertical slide unit 3-3 are fixed on horizontal sliding table slide plate 3-2-3, and vertical slide unit slide plate 3-3-3 is along vertical
Direction movement.Vertical slide unit motor 3-3-1 is stepper motor or servo motor.It is screw-nut structure inside vertical slide unit 3-3,
Vertical slide unit motor 3-3-1 drives lead screw rotation, drives vertical slide unit slide plate 3-3-3 after feed screw nut is converted to linear motion
Linear motion.Vertical slide unit 3-3 further includes being mounted on the zero position switch of the limit switch and installation at stroke both ends at one end.
As shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 9, the first flexibility clamping plate 3-6 and the second flexibility clamping plate 3-7 are separately mounted to wide type finger cylinder
On two clamping jaws of 3-5, flexible clamping jaw is constituted, for grabbing and discharging fruit；Flexible clamping jaw linking arm 3-4 is used for wide type hand
Refer to that cylinder 3-5 is fixed on vertical slide unit slide plate 3-3-3, for mobile flexible clamping jaw along the vertical direction；Horizontal sliding table 3-2 is used for
Mobile flexible clamping jaw in the horizontal direction.
As Figure 9-Figure 11, the first flexibility clamping plate 3-6 includes clamping plate mounting plate 3-6-1, clamping plate substrate 3-6-2, flexibility
Plate 3-6-3, guide post 3-6-4, guide sleeve 3-6-5, guide sleeve nut 3-6-6, spring spindle 3-6-7, spring 3-6-8, spring bearer plate 3-
6-9, limited post 3-6-10, spacer pin 3-6-11. clamping plate mounting plate 3-6-1 are used for mounting guide sleeve 3-6-5, guide sleeve nut 3-6-
6, spring bearer plate 3-6-9 has hole to pass through for spring spindle 3-6-7, spring 3-6-8, limited post 3-6-10 thereon, is also used for
One flexibility clamping plate 3-6 is installed on the clamping jaw of wide type finger cylinder 3-5；Clamping plate substrate 3-6-2 the fixed guide post 3-6-4 in side,
Spring spindle 3-6-7, limited post 3-6-10, in the fixed flexible board 3-6-3 in the other side；The outer image lag bolt of guide sleeve 3-6-5, it is intermediate
There is hole for across guide post 3-6-4, the lesser one end of guide sleeve 3-6-5 diameter passes through the hole on clamping plate mounting plate 3-6-1, and with leading
Set nut 3-6-6 is fixed on clamping plate mounting plate 3-6-1；Spring 3-6-8 covers on spring spindle 3-6-7, and one end withstands on bullet
On spring pressing plate 3-6-9, the other end is withstood on clamping plate substrate 3-6-2；There is hole on spring bearer plate 3-6-9, for spring spindle 3-6-7's
Free end passes through, but spring 3-6-8 cannot pass through；Limited post 3-6-10 passes through clamping plate mounting plate 3-6-1, at it far from clamping plate base
There is hole in one end of plate 3-6-2 along radial direction, wherein a spacer pin 3-6-11 is penetrated, for limiting clamping plate substrate 3-6-2 phase
For the maximum range of activities of clamping plate mounting plate 3-6-1.
Flexible board 3-6-3 selects soft material, such as rubber, polyurethane, sponge, flexible board 3-6-3 bonding
Agent pastes on clamping plate substrate 3-6-2.
Guide post 3-6-4, spring spindle 3-6-7, limited post 3-6-10 and clamping plate substrate 3-6-2 use metal material, such as steel,
One end of guide post 3-6-4, spring spindle 3-6-7 and limited post 3-6-10 are welded on clamping plate substrate 3-6-2.
Clamping plate substrate 3-6-2 is at a distance from clamping plate mounting plate 3-6-1 slightly larger than the size of maximum fruit and minimum fruit
The thickness of the half of the difference of size and guide sleeve 3-6-5 thicker one end and；Spring 3-6-8 is in impulse stroke in compression shape
State, minimal elastic power should be able to stable holding fruit, maximum flexibility power is unlikely to damage fruit by pressure.
The structure of second flexible clamping plate 3-7 is identical as the first flexible clamping plate 3-6's.
As shown in figure 14, the first fruit case system 4 includes the first fruit case 4-1 and fruit case slide unit 4-2.Have in first fruit case 4-1
Fruit case is divided into several fruit holes by partition, and a fruit is put in each fruit hole；Fruit case slide unit 4-2 includes the first fruit case slide unit electricity
Machine 4-2-1, fruit case slid platform base 4-2-2 and fruit case slide unit slide plate 4-2-3, fruit case slide unit slide plate 4-2-3 can be sliding in the first fruit case
It moves along a straight line under the driving of platform motor 4-2-1 along fruit case slid platform base 4-2-2, the direction of motion of fruit case slide unit slide plate 4-2-3
It is parallel to the direction of the movement of conveyer belt 1；First fruit case 4-1 is located on fruit case slide unit slide plate 4-2-3, can be with fruit case slide unit slide plate 4-
2-3 is moved together.
First fruit case slide unit motor 4-2-1 is stepper motor or servo motor.It is feed screw nut knot inside fruit case slide unit 4-2
Structure, the first fruit case slide unit motor 4-2-1 drive lead screw rotation, drive fruit case slide unit sliding after feed screw nut is converted to linear motion
Plate 4-2-3 linear motion.Fruit case slide unit 4-2 further includes that the zero-bit for being mounted on the limit switch at stroke both ends and installing at one end is opened
It closes.
The structure of second fruit case system 5 and third fruit case system 6 is identical as the first fruit case system 4, the second fruit case system 5
Including the second fruit case 5-1 and the second fruit case slide unit motor 5-2-1, third fruit case system 6 includes third fruit case slide unit motor 6-2-
1.First fruit case system 4, the second fruit case system 5 and third fruit case system 6 are for holding different grades of fruit, the first fruit case system
The 4, second fruit case system 5 of system and third fruit case system 6 are each attached in fruit case system frame 7.
As shown in figure 15, shell 8 surrounds vision detection system 2, and for installing first camera component 2-2, second camera
Component 2-3, third camera component 2-4, the 4th photomoduel 2-5, the 5th photomoduel 2-6 and the 6th photomoduel 2-7, at it
There is opening above and close to the side of the 4th photomoduel 2-5, the 5th photomoduel 2-6 and the 6th photomoduel 2-7, to allow
Flexible clamping jaw and flexibility clamping jaw linking arm 3-4 pass through, in the front and back face aperture, with the water for allowing conveyer belt 1 and not detecting
Fruit passes through, and shell 8 surrounds the inner wall blacking of the part of vision detection system 2, and shell 8 further includes bracket below.
As shown in figure 16, control system 9 includes master control computer, Ethernet switch, switching value module, motion control
Device, industrial computer, air valve, motor driver.
Industrial computer tool is there are two Ethernet interface, such as the GK4000 of Shenzhen Zhan Mei high-tech Electronics Co., Ltd., wherein
One is gigabit ethernet interface, and for connecting the camera in a photomoduel, another is for connecting Ethernet switch.
Industrial computer obtains the image of the fruit surface of connected camera acquisition, handles image, to detect the product of fruit
Matter.
8 mouthfuls of gigabit switch of TL-SG1008M of Ethernet switch selection TP-LINK.
Switching value module is used to input the output signal of optoelectronic switch 2-1, controls first camera component 2-2, second camera
In component 2-3 and third camera component 2-4, the 4th photomoduel 2-5, the 5th photomoduel 2-6 and the 6th photomoduel 2-7
The MP441 usb bus I/O module such as Beijing Shuan Nuo observation and control technology Co., Ltd can be selected in the exposure of camera, switching value module；It is logical
The opening and closing of the wide type finger cylinder 3-5 of Air Valve Control is crossed, Ya De visitor two-position-five-way solenoid valve 4V210 can be selected in air valve.
Motion controller distinguishes controlled level slide unit motor 3-2-1, vertical slide unit motor 3- by each motor driver
The operating of 3-1, the first fruit case slide unit motor 4-2-1, the second fruit case slide unit motor 5-2-1, third fruit case slide unit motor 6-2-1,
Motion controller can be selected as Chengdu core Compositech Inc. MK6-V USB motion controller, motor driver according to
Motor model is selected.
Master control computer connection Ethernet switch, switching value module and motion controller, master control computer require
Two USB interfaces and an Ethernet interface such as grind the IPC-610L of China.
The invention further relates to a kind of detection stage divisions of fruit quality, using above-mentioned fruit quality vision detection and classification
Device carries out detection classification to fruit, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1, optoelectronic switch 2-1 detect fruit leading edge, remember that the moment ist 1, it is further continued for detecting the rear until fruit
It reaches, remembers that the moment ist 2, remember that the speed of conveyer belt 1 isv, then fruit can be estimated along the size in the direction that conveyer belt 1 moves
Forl 1=v(t 2-t 1), if the center line along the direction optoelectronic switch 2-1 that conveyer belt 1 moves is at a distance from point Al 2, then fromt 2When
It carves, the center of fruit reached point A and was Δ perpendicular to the time of the perpendicular in the direction of the movement of conveyer belt 1t 1=(l 2-l 1/2)/v.
Step 2, fromt 2At the moment, be delayed Δt 1, remember that the moment ist 3As shown in figure 17, first camera component is controlled
Camera exposure in 2-2, second camera component 2-3 and third camera component 2-4 connects first camera component 2-2, second camera
The industrial computer of each camera obtains the left and right and uper side surface of fruit collected in component 2-3 and third camera component 2-4
Image, and acquired image is handled, to detect the defect situation of the left and right and uper side surface of fruit, counts this
The color of part of the surface, calculate fruit along the horizontal direction for being parallel to direction that conveyer belt 1 moves, moving perpendicular to conveyer belt 1,
The size of vertical direction.
Step 3, note are at a distance from point A along the direction that conveyer belt 1 moves point Bl 3, then fruit center is from crossing point A and vertical
Perpendicular in the direction that conveyer belt 1 moves moved to point B and perpendicular to the perpendicular in the direction of the movement of conveyer belt 1
Time is Δt 2=l 3/vFromt 3At the moment, be delayed Δt 2, flexible clamping jaw closure is controlled, clamps the fruit on conveyer belt 1, such as
Shown in Figure 18.
Step 4, the vertical slide unit motor 3-3-1 operating of control, make vertical slide unit slide plate 3-3-3 that flexible clamping jaw be driven to rise,
Until the center of fruit clamped on flexible clamping jaw reached the horizontal plane of point B, controls vertical slide unit motor 3-3-1 and stop
Turn.
Step 5, controlled level slide unit motor 3-2-1 operating, make horizontal sliding table slide plate 3-2-3 drive flexible clamping jaw along horizontal
Direction is mobile, until the center of fruit clamped on flexible clamping jaw reached point B and was parallel to the direction that conveyer belt 1 moves
Perpendicular.
Step 6, as shown in figure 19, control the 4th photomoduel 2-5 of camera, the 5th photomoduel 2-6 and the 6th phase unit
Camera exposure in part 2-7 connects each phase in the 4th photomoduel 2-5, the 5th photomoduel 2-6 and the 6th photomoduel 2-7
The industrial computer of machine obtains the image of the forward and backward and downside surface of fruit collected, and to acquired image at
Reason, to detect the defect situation of the forward and backward and downside surface of fruit, counts the color of this part of the surface.
Step 7, master control computer obtain the testing result of each industrial camera, are summarized, and make comprehensive descision, determine
The grade of fruit.
Step 8, as shown in figure 20, it is assumed that fruit clamped by flexible clamping jaw should be placed on the second fruit case system 5 by grade
The second fruit case 5-1 in, controlled level slide unit motor 3-2-1, vertical slide unit motor 3-3-1 and the second fruit case slide unit motor 5-2-
Fruit clamped by flexible clamping jaw, is moved to an empty fruit Kong Shangfang of the second fruit case 5-1, passes through Air Valve Control by 1 operating
Wide type finger cylinder 3-5 is opened, and fruit clamped by flexible clamping jaw is discharged into the fruit hole of lower section.
Step 9, controlled level slide unit motor 3-2-1, vertical slide unit motor 3-3-1 operating, flexible clamping jaw is moved back in place
Initial position (as shown in Figure 1) above conveyer belt 1 prepares to clamp next fruit.
According to the color image of captured fruit surface, fruit along be parallel to direction that conveyer belt 1 moves, perpendicular to biography
Horizontal direction, the size of vertical direction for sending band 1 to move can use the number of pixels approximate evaluation in respective direction in fruit pattern；
Using the defect of the method detection fruit surface of region segmentation, the color of fruit can use the average face for the pixel for constituting fruit pattern
Color (mean intensity of R, G, B component) indicates.
Master control computer carries out comprehensive descision and calculating according to following principle:
(1) any industrial computer of detects that fruit surface existing defects think fruit surface existing defects.
(2) color of fruit takes the average value of 6 industrial computer testing results.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of fruit quality vision detection and classification device, which is characterized in that grabbed including conveyer belt, vision detection system, fruit
Put manipulator and fruit case system；
The vision detection system includes optoelectronic switch and two groups of photomoduels, and the optoelectronic switch is mounted on the conveyer belt
On bracket, each group of photomoduel includes three or more photomoduels, and each photomoduel is pacified respectively in first group of photomoduel
Mounted in the left and right sides and top of the conveyer belt；Second group of photomoduel is mounted on the same side of the conveyer belt；The phase
Thermomechanical components include camera and camera lens；
The fruit pick-and-place machinery hand includes horizontal sliding table, vertical slide unit and flexible clamping jaw, and the flexibility clamping jaw is fixedly mounted on
On the vertical slide unit slide plate, the vertical slide unit is fixedly mounted on the horizontal sliding table slide plate, the vertical slide unit slide plate
Vertically movable, the horizontal sliding table slide plate can be transported along the horizontal direction in the direction moved perpendicular to the conveyer belt
It is dynamic；
The fruit case system includes fruit case and fruit case slide unit, and fruit case is located on fruit case slide unit slide plate, can be sliding with the fruit case slide unit
Plate is moved along being parallel to the direction that the conveyer belt moves together.
2. fruit quality vision detection and classification device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first group of phase unit
The camera lens of each photomoduel is towards the same point A being located above the conveyer belt in part, before point A is located at the optoelectronic switch
Side, the direction of conveyer belt movement be forward, also, in first group of photomoduel each photomoduel the equal position in center
On a perpendicular perpendicular to the transmission tape motion direction；Each photomoduel in second group of photomoduel
The camera lens same point B ipsilateral towards the conveyer belt, point B are located at the front of point A, are higher than point A, also, second group of phase
The center of each photomoduel in thermomechanical components is respectively positioned on one and is parallel on the perpendicular of the transmission tape motion direction, position
In the forward and backward and lower section of point B.
3. fruit quality vision detection and classification device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that it is described flexibility clamping jaw include
Wide type finger cylinder and two flexible clamping plates, two flexible clamping plates are separately mounted to two folders of the wide type finger cylinder
On pawl.
4. fruit quality vision detection and classification device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that it is described flexibility clamping plate include
Clamping plate mounting plate, clamping plate substrate, flexible board, guide post, guide sleeve, guide sleeve nut, spring spindle, spring, spring bearer plate, limited post,
Spacer pin；The guide sleeve is lag bolt shape, there is hole among it, and the guide sleeve is mounted on the clamping plate with the guide sleeve nut and installs
On plate；The guide post passes through the hole among the guide sleeve, and one end of which is fixed on the clamping plate substrate；The spring bearer plate is fixed
On the clamping plate mounting plate, there is hole thereon, the spring spindle passes through the hole, and one end of which is fixed on the clamping plate substrate；
On spring spindle, one end is withstood on the spring bearer plate spring pocket, and the other end is withstood on the clamping plate substrate；It is described
There is hole to pass through on clamping plate mounting plate for minor diameter one end of the spring spindle, spring, limited post and guide sleeve；The limited post is worn
The clamping plate mounting plate is crossed, one end of which is fixed on the clamping plate substrate, the other end has hole along radial direction, wherein penetrating one
A spacer pin；The flexible board is fixed on the clamping plate substrate, in the other side of the guide post.
5. fruit quality vision detection and classification device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the material of the flexible board
For rubber, polyurethane or sponge；The material of the guide sleeve is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
6. fruit quality vision detection and classification device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the shape of fruit is approximation
Spherical or approximate elliposoidal.
7. fruit quality vision detection and classification device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it further include shell, it is described
Shell surrounds the vision detection system, and inner wall blacking, inside is equipped with lighting source.
8. fruit quality vision detection and classification device according to claim 1-7, which is characterized in that further include control
System processed, the control system include master control computer, Ethernet switch, switching value module, motion controller, motor driven
Device, industrial computer；There are two Ethernet interfaces for the industrial computer tool, one of them is gigabit ethernet interface, is used for
The camera in a photomoduel is connected, another is for connecting the Ethernet switch；Master control computer connection with
Too network switch, switching value module and motion controller.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201821040913.6U CN209124399U (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | A kind of fruit quality vision detection and classification device |
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| CN201821040913.6U CN209124399U (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | A kind of fruit quality vision detection and classification device |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109277318A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-01-29 | 烟台大学 | A kind of fruit quality vision detection and classification device and detection stage division |
| CN110495624A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-26 | 贵州大学 | A kind of fruit based on image recognition removes speed governor |
| CN110562530A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-13 | 烟台大学 | Apple posture fine-tuning device and posture adjusting equipment |
| CN113182202A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-30 | 新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏职业技术学院 | Categorised auxiliary device of fragrant pear sex |
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2018
- 2018-06-29 CN CN201821040913.6U patent/CN209124399U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109277318A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-01-29 | 烟台大学 | A kind of fruit quality vision detection and classification device and detection stage division |
| CN110495624A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-26 | 贵州大学 | A kind of fruit based on image recognition removes speed governor |
| CN110562530A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-13 | 烟台大学 | Apple posture fine-tuning device and posture adjusting equipment |
| CN110562530B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2024-04-16 | 烟台大学 | Apple gesture fine adjustment device and gesture adjustment equipment |
| CN113182202A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-30 | 新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏职业技术学院 | Categorised auxiliary device of fragrant pear sex |
| CN113182202B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-05-27 | 新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏职业技术学院 | Categorised auxiliary device of fragrant pear sex |
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