CN209100318U - Tunnel blower safety monitoring system - Google Patents
Tunnel blower safety monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN209100318U CN209100318U CN201821545814.3U CN201821545814U CN209100318U CN 209100318 U CN209100318 U CN 209100318U CN 201821545814 U CN201821545814 U CN 201821545814U CN 209100318 U CN209100318 U CN 209100318U
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Abstract
A kind of tunnel blower safety monitoring system of the utility model, includes sensor module, signal processing module, transmission module and host computer；The sensor module includes following sensor array: fan trouble sensor array；Bracket falls off sensor array；Nut loosening sensor array；The signal of the sensor group is delivered to signal processing module, carries out operational analysis via the host computer that transmission module listened network to be uploaded in the centralized control room of position through signal processing module treated signal.A kind of tunnel blower safety monitoring system of the utility model, has the advantages that monitoring accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of monitoring systems, more particularly, to a kind of for existing in real time to the blower progress in tunnel
The system of line status monitoring.
Background technique
Currently, the safety problem in tunnel also constantly highlights, especially tunnel with the fast development of domestic communication cause
Ventilating system equipment, is mainly shown as: fan trouble, bracket fall off and nut loosening.These failures will directly influence entirely
The taking precautions against natural calamities when air environment and dangerous situation in tunnel occur, disaster relief work.Simultaneously as the particularity of tunnel traffic, when most of
Between be in vehicle pass-through state, the overhaul of the equipments time is shorter；And tunnel inner blower generally using top dress or side dress by the way of,
It is very big to overhaul difficulty.
Nowadays, all there are no the real-time monitorings of the state of progress for existing most of tunnel blower equipment, only use inspection side
Formula；But routine inspection mode can not timely and effectively find failure problems within the limited time；For this purpose, there is Corporation R & D as in
" a kind of Railway Tunnel draft fan safety monitoring assembly and method " disclosed in state's patent 201710562607.2 is
The group that bulk cargo is set becomes " including frame, the draft fan being mounted in the frame and for carrying the draft fan
Pedestal further includes the strain transducer of the tightening state of the tightening state and the pedestal for obtaining the frame, is used for
The vibrating sensor for obtaining the vibrational state of the draft fan, the inclination angle for obtaining the draft fan heeling condition sense
Device, and can receive and handle the data that the strain transducer, the vibrating sensor and the obliquity sensor obtain
At least one monitor.", the orientation used for " by the strain transducer obtain the frame tightening state and
The tightening state of the pedestal is obtained the vibrational state of the draft fan by the vibrating sensor, is sensed by the inclination angle
Device obtains the heeling condition of the draft fan, is established by the tightening state, the vibrational state and the heeling condition
Safe condition model；The tightening state, the vibrational state and the heeling condition are passed into the monitor, it is described
Monitor carries out model initialization according to the safe condition model, then imports precarious position model to the monitor；It is described
The monitor processing tightening state, the vibrational state and the heeling condition, and model analysis is carried out, described in appearance
When compromising feature in precarious position model, the monitor issues early warning "；But find in actual use, it is above-mentioned
It is limited to monitor system detection precision, is not enough to timely and effectively find failure, to quickly and effectively alarm.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a kind of tunnel blower safety monitoring with high accuracy systems
System.
Purpose of the utility model is realized as follows:
A kind of tunnel blower safety monitoring system, the system include sensor module, signal processing module, transmission mould
Block and host computer；
The sensor module includes following sensor array:
Fan trouble sensor array, comprising there are two the vibrating sensors being installed on blower, and two sensors are mutual
It is vertically arranged；
Bracket falls off sensor array, and a displacement sensor is installed in the mounting bracket of blower for acquiring equipment in real time
The firmness of bracket；It is shaken emotionally along its axially mounted another displacement sensor for acquiring the axial of blower in real time on blower
Condition；
The junction of nut loosening sensor array, blower and bracket is equipped with strain gauge, and strain gauge is arranged
There are two, the both sides of junction are located at, for acquiring the loosened screw situation of equipment in real time；
The signal of the sensor group is delivered to signal processing module, through signal processing module treated signal via biography
The host computer that defeated module listened network to be uploaded in the centralized control room of position carries out operational analysis.
A kind of tunnel blower safety monitoring system of the utility model, institute's displacement sensors include to be installed in screw rod
Probe cap, the probe cap is interior to be equipped with coil and wiring board, is provided with amplifier, wave detector and filtering on the wiring board
The both ends lead-out wire of device, the coil is connected to wiring board, and the cable being connected on probe cap is connected with wiring board, described
Rotation is equipped with nut on screw rod；Through by cable after the amplifier on current signal via line plate, wave detector and filter on coil
Output.
A kind of working principle of tunnel blower safety monitoring system are as follows: system starting, host computer obtain each sensor
Detection parameters, when the parameter that displacement sensor obtains is greater than preset value, host computer carries out rack sinking alarm；Work as stress sensing
When the parameter that device obtains is greater than preset value, host computer carries out loosened screw alarm；When the parameter that vibrating sensor obtains is greater than in advance
If when value, when whether the parameter that the vibrating sensor that research and application axially shakes obtains is greater than preset value, if more than preset value, then
Carry out Fan Equipment fault alarm.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that
On line real-time monitoring may be implemented in the utility model, to improve security performance；And pass through multiple sensors,
The cooperation of multiple angles, so that the precision of monitoring is higher, convenient for finding failure in time and alarming.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of system block diagram of tunnel blower safety monitoring system of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of tunnel blower safety monitoring system displacement sensor of the utility model.
Fig. 3 is a kind of vibration monitoring circuit diagram of tunnel blower safety monitoring system vibrating sensor of the utility model.
Fig. 4 is a kind of displacement monitoring circuit diagram of tunnel blower safety monitoring system vibrating sensor of the utility model.
Fig. 5 is a kind of loosening observation circuit figure of tunnel blower safety monitoring system vibrating sensor of the utility model.
Fig. 6 is a kind of constant current source power supply circuit of tunnel blower safety monitoring system vibrating sensor of the utility model.
Fig. 7 is that a kind of sensor fault autodiagnosis of tunnel blower safety monitoring system vibrating sensor of the utility model powers off
Road.
Fig. 8 is channel adaptive control and the height of a kind of tunnel blower safety monitoring system vibrating sensor of the utility model
Precision wide scope TRMS processing circuit.
Wherein:
Coil 1.1, probe cap 1.2, screw rod 1.3, wiring board 1.4, nut 1.5, cable 1.6.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1~8, the utility model relates to a kind of tunnel blower safety monitoring system, the system includes to pass
Sensor component, signal processing module, transmission module and host computer；
The sensor module includes following sensor array:
Fan trouble sensor array, comprising there are two the vibrating sensors being installed on blower, and two sensors are mutual
It is vertically arranged；
Bracket falls off sensor array, and a displacement sensor is installed in the mounting bracket of blower for acquiring equipment in real time
The firmness of bracket；It is shaken emotionally along its axially mounted another displacement sensor for acquiring the axial of blower in real time on blower
Condition；
The junction of nut loosening sensor array, blower and bracket is equipped with strain gauge, and strain gauge is arranged
There are two, the both sides of junction are located at, for acquiring the loosened screw situation of equipment in real time；
The signal of the sensor group is delivered to signal processing module, through signal processing module treated signal via biography
The host computer that defeated module listened network to be uploaded in the centralized control room of position carries out operational analysis；
Referring to fig. 2: institute's displacement sensors include the probe cap 1.2 being installed in screw rod 1.3, the probe cap 1.2
It is interior to be equipped with coil 1.1 and wiring board 1.4, amplifier, wave detector and filter, the line are provided on the wiring board 1.4
The both ends lead-out wire of circle 1.1 is connected to wiring board 1.4, and the cable 1.6 being connected on probe cap 1.2 is connected with wiring board 1.4
It connects, rotation is equipped with nut 1.5 on the screw rod 1.3；The amplifier on current signal via line plate 1.4, wave detector on coil 1.1
It is exported with being passed through after filter by cable 1.6；
For above structure using integral type current vortex sensor, it is by preposition amplifier section using highly integrated patch
Packaged type is mounted on the wiring board 1.4 in probe cap 1.2, and forms integral packaging with the encapsulation of coil 1.1；Pass through nut
1.5 greatly facilitate the installation at scene, also improve the reliability of sensor；Its working principle is that: when head induction coil is logical
When upper high frequency (1~2MHz) electric current, electromagnetic field of high frequency is produced around coil 1.1；It, will be in gold as there is metallic conductor around it
Metal surface generates an induced current, i.e. current vortex, the electromagnetism of the electromagnetic field and induction coil that are generated according to Lenz's law, current vortex
Field direction changes the impedance of induction coil on the contrary, the two magnetic fields are overlapped mutually, and the variation of induction coil internal impedance can use following formula
It indicates.
Z=f (μ, γ, r, x, I, ω)
μ in formula --- magnetic capacity；
γ --- conductivity；
R --- the coil dimension factor；
X --- the gap between induction coil and conductor；
I --- exciting current；
ω --- exciting current pi.
When metallic conductor structure is uniform, isotropism and mono- timing of μ, γ, r, I, ω, the variation of induction coil impedance Z are
The monotropic function of distance between induction coil and metallic conductor.
If increasing coil dimension r, Distribution of Magnetic Field range will increase, but induced magnetic field is strong when mono- timing of μ, γ, x, I, ω
The amplitude of variation of degree is reduced, on the contrary then opposite.Therefore the range of linearity of this sensor increases with induction coil diameter and is increased,
And transducer sensitivity (the impedance variations value in unit gap) increases with induction coil diameter and is reduced.
In order to make induction coil obtain high-frequency current, induction coil should be accessed to oscillation circuit, thus returned in the higher-order of oscillation
Road output end can obtain the related high-frequency harmonic of gap x, which can obtain one and x after amplification, detection, filtering
It is worth directly proportional output voltage, the DC component of output voltage is proportional to the static clearance between induction coil and metallic conductor；
If there are Relative Vibrations between coil and metal plate, there is alternating voltage output, it is between metal plate and induction coil
Relative displacement, therefore this sensor is also known as displacement sensor, it can not only make between static measurement, such as two objects
Distance, the thickness of metal plate etc., but also dynamic can be made and measured.
Current vortex sensor detection to alternating current-direct current signal be on the high frequency electric source for being superimposed upon coil, if directly by this
Kind mixed frequency signal is sent to vibration gauge, even if using high frequency cable the sensitivity of sensor can also significantly reduced, and vulnerable to dry
It disturbs.To prevent these adverse effects, it is necessary to amplifier, wave detector and filter be arranged inside current vortex sensor.
The vibrating sensor can match and take various forms vibrating sensor, can operating condition according to device context and spy
Point is configured, and piezoelectric vibration pickup is generally used, and measuring point is mounted on the vertical (X) and horizontal (Y) of tunnel blower ontology
Direction, for measuring blower body vibration situation.The series sensor is the piezoelectric effect using Cucumber such as quartz crystal,
When accelerometer is vibrated, mass block adds power on the piezoelectric element also to change therewith.When tested vibration frequency is far below acceleration
When spending the intrinsic frequency of meter, then the variation of power is directly proportional to by measuring acceleration.Since the output electric signal of piezoelectric transducer is
Faint charge, and sensor itself has very big internal resistance, therefore it is little to export energy, it is therefore desirable to by the high resistant of product sensor
Anti- output signal is converted into low-impedance signal by a preamplifier.Meanwhile built-in integrated circuit charge amplification
Device, i.e. ICP (Integrated Circuits Piezoelectric) circuit has very strong anti-interference ability and measurement essence
Degree.In addition, the series sensor uses constant current source power supply, and two lines that signal output line road is directly connected with service cable
Mode processed, the signal of output are the signal of Low ESR form；
The strain gauge is hollow load cell, it uses hollow structure, and compact stability is strong, Gao Sudong
State response, anti-bias load are strong.Using the strain gauge, our purposes are to measure the loosening of each fixture nut of jet blower
The real-time monitoring and alarm of the loosening of the support bracket fastened fixture nut of problem, especially blower, the range generally selected are 1t；
Referring to Fig. 3, due to needing to be applied to many types of vibrating sensor, such as magnetoelectric sensor, ICP piezoelectric type
Acceleration transducer, ICP piezoelectric velocity sensor etc..The signal output type of these sensors and power supply are all different,
Therefore the vibration measuring circuit of vibrating sensor needs to carry out classification conditioning to these different sensor signals, and therefore, we design
Sensor passage adaptive circuit, as shown in Figure 8；All oscillatory type sensors need the sub-circuit improved, this little electricity
Road can be combined with each other and become a certain main circuit, and the combination of these circuits is to control chip by two channel to complete.
Meanwhile while completing the conditioning circuit of various combination, various gain shift switchings have also been carried out.Various combined conditioning electricity
The electric signal transmission handled to rear end can be amplified conditioning circuit and handled by road, be recently entered at high-precision TRMS signal
Vibration signal processing is carried out in reason circuit.High-precision TRMS signal processing circuit is realized based on AD536 chip, this is a
The TRMS that conversion accuracy is high, input range is wide handles chip, is adapted to the alternating voltage of several V, can effectively be interfered
The inhibition of voltage is handled, and the reliability of circuit is turned up.Fig. 6 devises ICP sensor special constant-current source circuit, which can be steady
The constant-current supply of fixed output 4mA, ensure that the reliably working of ICP sensor.Fig. 7 devises the power-off of sensor fault autodiagnosis
Road, the circuit may be implemented vibration detecting device and alarmed the failure of sensor, bypassed and protected, and enhances vibration detecting device and is pacifying
The reliability produced entirely, and the circuit can automatically and manually be controlled by subsequent software.
Referring to fig. 4, current vortex sensor output signal is after blocking and signal adjustment, the AC signal dealt
It is converted into the corresponding d. c. voltage signal of peak value of our needs.Therefore, it is necessary to high-precision amplitude conversion circuit front
The signal of reason is converted.High-precision amplitude conversion circuit circuit diagram such as Fig. 4.Circuit is inverting type amplitude conversion circuit in figure.
Amplifier LM064A forms a differential amplifier circuit, amplifies and adjusts to input signal.D2-C is half-wave detector diode,
C10-C is storage capacitance, and resistance R8-C and R13-C form feed circuit.LM064A carries out reverse phase amplification to input signal, when
D2-C conducting, when D1-C ends, the output voltage amplified by LM064A charges to capacitor C10-C by D2-C, and Uo is made to follow Ui；
When D1-C is connected, and D2-C ends, capacitor C10-C is isolated with LM064A, and Uo keeps the crest voltage of Ui.Therefore, as long as output
With input voltage etc., the effect of negative-feedback is constantly to be corrected to output voltage, until the two is equal.So
The influence of the factors to precision such as the conducting resistance of D2-C, the imbalance of LM064A and drift, common-mode error is weakened severely, and is output
Voltage changes with input voltage, and here it is the amplitude conversion circuits to have high-precision reason.
Circuit non-linearity distortion D is represented byIn formula, D ' is the non-linear distortion of diode detector；
K1 is the amplification factor of LM064A,F is feedback factor；RD1 is the value of the anti-phase resistance of diode D1-C.
When diode D1-C works in 70 DEG C of junction temperature, backward voltage is 10V, RD1=150M can be acquired from characteristic curve
Ω。
Feedback factor F is represented by
Then non-linear distortion is
As it can be seen that being that non-linear distortion falls to original 1/2400 due in detector diode access feedback loop.
It is further noted that general simple diode wave detector, (silicon diode pressure drop) nothing when signal voltage is less than 0.6V
Method carries out detection.And the minimum detecting circuit that this wave detector allows reduces K1 times, i.e., minimum detecting circuit Umin are as follows:
The capacitor that storage capacitance C10-C should select bleeder resistance big, such as polystyrene, polypropylene, mica condenser.
The selection of the numerical value of capacitor C10-C is also critically important.When too small, charging rate is fast, but because of LM064A and feedback loop
Speed is not caught up with, and causes advanced error, while being discharged quickly yet, causes to maintain error；And when excessive, both above error will subtract
It is few, but the velocity of discharge for tending not to be charged to ceiling voltage or capacitor cannot follow the envelope of input signal amplitude completely
Variation, this will all bring new error.Thus the selection of capacitance should determine according to the actual situation, and 47 μ F is taken to be electrolysed in circuit
Capacitor.
The upper frequency limit value of input signal is determined by the bandwidth and the rate of climb of operational amplifier, when being used for high frequency, is answered
Select gain bandwidth product and the rate of climb big operational amplifier.
If rectified signal is positive polarity voltage, as long as two diodes of circuit are reversely connected simultaneously.
Finally, the corresponding direct current signal of vibration displacement (amplitude) handled well is adjusted through operational amplifier LM064B
Whole and rectifying and wave-filtering obtains for the signal of A/D unit sampling.
Referring to Fig. 5, loosens monitoring sensor and use hollow strain gauge, this sensor can be straight in conjunction with pick-up part
Outputting standard 4~20mA semaphore is connect, has unit simulation processing circuit to be directly adjusted processing, A/D unit is then delivered to and turns
Change processing.
In addition: it should be noted that above-mentioned specific embodiment is only a prioritization scheme of this patent, the skill of this field
Any change or improvement that art personnel are done according to above-mentioned design, within the protection domain of this patent..
Claims (2)
1. a kind of tunnel blower safety monitoring system, it is characterised in that: the system includes sensor module, signal processing mould
Block, transmission module and host computer；
The sensor module includes following sensor array:
Fan trouble sensor array, comprising there are two the vibrating sensors being installed on blower, and two sensors are mutually perpendicular to
Setting；
Bracket falls off sensor array, and a displacement sensor is installed in the mounting bracket of blower for acquiring equipment supporter in real time
Firmness；Situation is shaken for acquiring the axial of blower in real time along its axially mounted another displacement sensor on blower；
The junction of nut loosening sensor array, blower and bracket is equipped with strain gauge, and strain gauge is provided with two
It is a, the both sides of junction are located at, for acquiring the loosened screw situation of equipment in real time；
The signal of the sensor group is delivered to signal processing module, through signal processing module treated signal via transmission mould
The host computer that block listened network to be uploaded in the centralized control room of position carries out operational analysis.
2. a kind of tunnel blower safety monitoring system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute's displacement sensors include
The probe cap being installed in screw rod is equipped with coil and wiring board in the probe cap, be provided on the wiring board amplifier,
The both ends lead-out wire of wave detector and filter, the coil is connected to wiring board, the cable and wiring board being connected on probe cap
Be connected, on the screw rod rotation be equipped with nut；Amplifier, wave detector and the filtering on current signal via line plate on coil
It is exported after device by cable.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821545814.3U CN209100318U (en) | 2018-09-20 | 2018-09-20 | Tunnel blower safety monitoring system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821545814.3U CN209100318U (en) | 2018-09-20 | 2018-09-20 | Tunnel blower safety monitoring system |
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| CN209100318U true CN209100318U (en) | 2019-07-12 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115733492A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2023-03-03 | 常州同惠电子股份有限公司 | Sampling unit bias protection circuit and protection method for digital power meter |
-
2018
- 2018-09-20 CN CN201821545814.3U patent/CN209100318U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115733492A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2023-03-03 | 常州同惠电子股份有限公司 | Sampling unit bias protection circuit and protection method for digital power meter |
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