CN209053693U - Gas turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of gas turbine includes compression impellor, turbine wheel, main shaft, combustion chamber and casing, and compression impellor, turbine wheel and combustion chamber are accommodated in casing, and main shaft is supported in casing.Wherein, enlightenment motor is integrated in the compression impellor wheel hub of compression impellor.The gas turbine structure is simple, compact, is conducive to miniaturization, and high reliablity, service life are also accordingly extended.

Description

Gas turbine

Technical field

The utility model relates to power device fields, and specifically, the utility model discloses a kind of gas turbines.

Background technique

Gas turbine is a kind of internal combustion type motive power machine device.The operation logic of gas turbine is, by fuel combustion products As working medium, it is made to be continuously flowed into the impeller of gas turbine, impeller rotation, to convert machine for the chemical energy of fuel Tool energy.

Currently used gas turbine can be divided into heavy duty gas turbine, lightweight gas turbine and micro- according to structure type Type gas turbine etc., and the gas turbine of these types can be applied to a variety of occasions, such as start as aero-engine, ship It machine or applies in generating set, etc..The advantages of gas turbine, is, can be easy to carry out the collection of more gas turbines At dilatation, it is suitable for pluralities of fuel, specific fuel consumption is low, and low noise in operational process, discharge is low, with small vibration, maintenance rate is low, and And remote control and diagnosis, etc. can be carried out to gas turbine.

Fig. 1 shows the principle schematic diagram of conventional gas turbine.Wherein, the major part of gas turbine 1 includes Compressor 10, turbine 20 and combustion chamber 30 are connected between the compression impellor of compressor 10 and the turbine wheel of turbine 20 by axis 40 It connects.In the process of running, compressor 10 is started by external power source first, thus compressor 10 is inhaled from the atmosphere of surrounding Enter air, and compresses it.Compressed air is transported in combustion chamber 30.In this way, in compressed air and penetrating combustion chamber Fuel occur combustion reaction, generate high-temperature fuel gas.High-temperature fuel gas flows into turbine 20, and expansion work, pushes turbine wheel Rotation, turbine wheel then pass through axis 40 and compression impellor are driven to rotate together.High-temperature fuel gas after burning is driving the same of compressor When, there are also output mechanical work of the extra energy as gas turbine.The mechanical work can be used to generate electricity, as aircraft or ship Propulsive force etc..

A kind of example for starting the external power supply of gas turbine is external compressed air source, and the compressed air source is to pressure Mechanism of qi 10 provides compressed air, blows compression impellor rotation.But, the application of this scheme using compressed air source by To limitation, need to provide compressed air source in its vicinity.

Another way is to be started as shown in Figure 1 using motor 50 is inspired.The inspiration motor 50 Output shaft is connected via speed-changing gear box with compression impellor.When starting gas turbine, at the beginning of inspiring motor 50 to drive compression impellor It rotates with beginning, outside air is sucked in compressor 10, compressor 10 generates compressed air.But, for inspiring motor mode Driving source, it is used that motor and connection is inspired to inspire the transmission device of motor and gas turbine that can occupy biggish sky Between, and inspire the efficiency of gear drive between motor and compressor lower, and be prone to wear, thus maintenance cost It is relatively high.

Therefore, in the field of gas turbine, it is desirable to be able at least be partially solved the novel combustion gas wheel of the above problem Machine.

Utility model content

Therefore, the utility model is made to solve the problems of existing gas turbine described above.This reality It is to provide a kind of gas turbine with improvement structure with novel purpose, which includes inspiring motor, while tying again Structure is compact, and the space occupied is smaller.In addition, the gas turbine of the utility model can also be more safe and be steadily run.

The gas turbine of the utility model includes: compression impellor, and compression impellor is mounted on main shaft；Turbine wheel, turbine Impeller is mounted on main shaft；Combustion chamber, combustion chamber are located at the downstream of compression impellor and the upstream of turbine wheel；And casing, Compression impellor, turbine wheel and combustion chamber are accommodated in casing, and main shaft is supported in casing.Wherein, in compression impellor Compression impellor wheel hub in be formed with cavity, accommodate enlightening motor in the cavities, wherein inspire the rotor of motor relative to pressure Gas impeller hub is fixedly provided in cavity, inspires the stator of motor to be arranged with being coaxial with the rotor, and fix relative to casing Positioning.

As a result, in the gas turbine of the utility model, motor is inspired to be integrated in compression impellor, in this way, existing electricity The components such as transmission shaft, motor bearings in machine can omit, and this aspect improves transmission efficiency, another aspect motor operation can It is also improved by property, extends bulk life time.And such structure additionally aids and keeps the structure of gas turbine more compact, reduces The volume and weight of gas turbine.

Preferably, rotor can fixed setting be in the cavities at least one of in the following manner: rotor is to be interference fitted Mode inlay in the cavities；And rotor is fixedly connected on the inner wall of cavity.Rotor is fixedly installed in the cavities, so that Rotor is remain stationary relative to compression impellor, that is, the rotation of rotor can drive compression impellor to rotate.

Further, stator is fixedly connected on casing.

In a kind of preferred structure, venthole is provided in compression impellor, venthole one end is connected to cavity fluid, The other end is then fluidly connected to the outside of compression impellor.By the venthole, one in the air aspirated by compression impellor Motor can be flowed through by dividing, and play cooling effect to motor.In this way, it is not necessary to dedicated cooling device is set for motor again, Further helping in minimizes gas turbine.

Wherein, one end of venthole is connected to the interstitial fluid between rotor and stator.Additionally or alternatively, venthole The other end be located at the wheel hub side of compression impellor wheel hub, or positioned at the compression impellor back side of compression impellor, wherein leaf of calming the anger Take turns the side in face of turbine wheel that the back side is compression impellor.

Preferably, venthole is bellmouth, wherein along the direction of the outside from cavity to compression impellor, venthole Aperture is cumulative.The structure of the bellmouth can increase the air-flow velocity for being introduced into venthole, to improve cooling efficiency.

In further preferred structure, it is formed at least one air channel at the interface for inspiring motor and cavity, For example it is formed with around the multiple air channels circumferentially for inspiring motor.The air channel, which helps to increase, leads to inspiration motor Wind area increases air to the amount of cooling water for inspiring motor.

Preferably, the air channel and venthole are in fluid communication, air circulation duct is consequently formed.

In a kind of preferable structure, the quantity of air channel is equal to the quantity of venthole.When the quantity and ventilation of air channel When the quantity in hole is equal, during processing compression impellor, it is possible to which once-through operation is formed simultaneously an air channel and one logical Thus stomata improves processing efficiency.

Preferably, air channel is arranged on the inner wall with inspiration motor interfaces of cavity and/or air channel setting is being opened On the outer surface with cavity interfaces of generator.

Generally speaking, the gas turbine of the utility model has the advantage that compact-sized and light-weight；Structure letter It is single, thus transmission efficiency is improved, increase its operational reliability, and then can prolong the service life；In addition, the gas turbine is included Cooling structure, without providing dedicated cooling device for motor cooling, to be further simplified structure.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 shows a kind of principle schematic diagram of the gas turbine of prior art.

Fig. 2 shows the structural schematic diagrams of the gas turbine of the first embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged view that the part of enlightening motor is arranged in the compression impellor of the gas turbine of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the gas turbine of modification structures of the first embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the gas turbine of another modification structures of the first embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 6 a shows the structural schematic diagram of the gas turbine of the second embodiment of the utility model.

The partial schematic end view that arrow M of Fig. 6 b in Fig. 6 a is seen, which schematically illustrates compression impellor, is opened Installation relation between the rotor of generator and the stator for inspiring motor, and wherein show in compressor impeller and inspire motor Between interface on be provided with air channel.

Fig. 6 c is the partial enlarged view that the part of enlightening motor is arranged in the compression impellor of the gas turbine of Fig. 6 a.

Fig. 7 a is to show a kind of structural representation of the gas turbine of modification structures of second embodiment of the utility model Figure.

Fig. 7 b is the partial schematic end view that the arrow M in Fig. 7 a is seen, which schematically illustrates compression impellor, The installation relation between the rotor of motor and the stator of inspiration motor is inspired, and wherein shows in compressor impeller and inspires electricity Air channel is provided on interface between machine.

Specific embodiment

Specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 2~7b.It is to be appreciated that attached drawing Shown in be only the utility model preferred embodiment, do not constitute the limitation to the scope of the utility model.Ability The technical staff in domain can on the basis of embodiment shown in the drawings to the utility model carry out it is various it is obvious modification, Modification, equivalence replacement, these all fall within the scope of the present invention.

<first embodiment>

Fig. 2~5 show the gas turbine 100 of the first embodiment of the utility model and its schematic knot of modification structures Composition.

In structure shown in Fig. 2, gas turbine 100 includes compression impellor 110 and turbine wheel 120.Compression impellor 110 It is mounted on main shaft 130 with turbine wheel 120, or in other words, compression impellor 110 and turbine wheel 120 pass through main shaft 130 It is linked together, to be mutually connected when gas turbine 100 is run.The main shaft of compression impellor 110 and turbine wheel 120 is installed 130 can be single axle, or are also possible to compression impellor 110 and are mounted in first axle, and turbine wheel 120 is mounted on the second axis On, then first axle and the second axis are fixedly coupled to collectively form the main shaft 130 of gas turbine 100 together.

Gas turbine 100 further includes combustion chamber not shown in the figure, specifically, along the main gas in gas turbine 100 Direction is flowed, which is located at the downstream of compression impellor 110, in the upstream of turbine wheel 120.

Gas turbine 100 further includes inspiring motor 200, which is connected with compression impellor 110, in combustion gas wheel The startup stage of machine 100, to inspiring motor 200 to power, so that compression impellor 110 is rotated by inspiration motor 200, so that leaf of calming the anger Wheel 110 can be from ambient inlet air, and will be conveyed to combustion chamber after air compression, and air is mixed with fuel in a combustion chamber And burn, high-temperature fuel gas is generated, high-temperature fuel gas flows to turbine wheel 120, and turbine wheel 120 is pushed to rotate.In this way, by fuel Chemical energy be converted to mechanical energy.The mechanical energy can not only maintain the rotation of turbine wheel 120 and compression impellor 110, and Extra mechanical energy can be exported, outward for generating electricity, providing power etc..

Further, as shown in Fig. 2 with block schematic, gas turbine 100 also has casing 140, leaf of calming the anger Wheel 110, combustion chamber, inspires the component of the gas turbines 100 such as motor 200 to be contained in the casing 140 at turbine wheel 120.Into one Specifically, the main shaft 130 for connecting compression impellor 110 and turbine wheel 120 is rotatably supported step by the casing 140.

As shown in figure 3, in the gas turbine 100 of the utility model, in the compression impellor wheel hub 111 of compression impellor 110 In be formed with cavity, inspire motor 200 to accommodate in the cavity used in the gas turbine 100, specifically at least this is opened The rotor 220 of generator 200 is located in the cavity.

Fig. 3 shows the partial enlargement of the part of the enlightening motor 200 of setting of the compression impellor 110 of gas turbine 100 Figure.It will be clear that composition inspires the stator 210 and rotor 220 of motor 200 from Fig. 3.Wherein, rotor 220 with calm the anger Impeller hub 111 is arranged in the cavities relatively fixedly.For example, the outer diameter of rotor 220 can be arranged to slightly larger than pressure The internal diameter of the cavity of gas impeller hub 111, thus rotor 220 is inlayed in the cavities with interference fit type, thus relative to pressure Gas impeller hub 111 is fixed.It calms the anger alternatively, rotor 220 can be also fixedly attached to other way well known in the prior art On the inner wall of the cavity of impeller hub 111, for example, be welded on the inner wall of the cavity, to be connected to this by fasteners such as screws interior Wall, etc..

In this way, rotor 220 can directly drive compression impellor when being powered to inspiration motor 200 and rotating rotor 220 110 rotations.

Stator 210 is coaxially disposed with rotor 220.For example, stator 210 can be substantially same as more clearly illustrated in Fig. 3 It is set in axis in rotor 220, also, the stator 210 is relative to other stationary parts of casing 140 or gas turbine 100 Static.For this purpose, stator 210 can be fixedly connected on casing 140, or it is fixedly connected on the other opposite of gas turbine 100 In on the fixed component of casing.

Herein it is noted that in exemplary structure shown in the drawings, the rotor 220 of motor 200 is inspired to be located at stator 210 outside, stator 210 is coaxially located within rotor 220 in other words, and this is the inspiration motor 200 of the utility model Preferred structure.But, structure of the stator 210 except rotor 220 also can be achieved on.For example, working as rotor 220 coaxially In the case where in stator 210, rotor 220 can one end be fixedly connected on the inner wall of 111 cavity of compression impellor wheel hub, and it is right In the rest part of rotor 220, there are annular gap between rotor 220 and the inner wall of the cavity, tubular stator 210 One end can be protruded into the annular gap, and be coaxially positioned with rotor 220, and the other end of stator 210 is then fixedly attached to Casing 140 or other stationary parts.At this point, between stator 210 and the inner wall of cavity should there are certain holes, to prevent rotation stop It rubs between stator 210 and compression impellor 110 when dynamic.

In other words, the motor of inner stator outer-rotor structure and internal rotor outer stator structure is suitable for the utility model.

In this way, by motor 200 being inspired to be integrated into compression impellor 110, can cancel transmission shaft in existing motor, Transmission efficiency thus can be improved in the components such as motor bearings, and the reliability of motor operation also improves, and extends the whole longevity Life.In turn, the gas turbine 100 of the utility model can be made compact-sized, mitigate weight.Specifically, the utility model is utilized Gas turbine 100 structure, reduce 15% than existing gas turbine volume, and weight is then expected to reduction 15%.Starting The reduction of electric system volume is expected to reach 95%, and weight is then expected to reduction 90%.

Further preferably, as shown in figure 3, being arranged in compression impellor 110, particularly in its compression impellor wheel hub 111 There is venthole 230.The venthole 230 extends to accommodating the cavity for inspiring motor 200 since compression impellor wheel hub 111 The outside of turbine wheel 120.In other words, which is connected to the cavity in compression impellor wheel hub 111, and preferably Interstitial fluid between ground and the stator 210 and rotor 220 that inspire motor 200 is connected to, and its other end is then fluidly connected to press The outside of gas impeller 110.Specifically, in structure shown in Fig. 3, one end of venthole 230 extends to compression impellor wheel hub 111 In cavity, the other end then extends to the wheel hub side 112 of compression impellor wheel hub 111.

In this way, outside air is compressed by compression impellor 110 when compression impellor 110 rotates, compressed air pressure is high In external air pressure, thus compressed air can be inspired by the flow direction of venthole 230 motor 200 stator 210 and rotor 220 it Between gap, and from inspire motor 200 separate venthole 230 one end discharge, in this way, being inhaled using by compression impellor 110 The partial air entered inspires motor 200 to cool down.

As it can be seen that inspiring motor 200 to carry cooling structure, because without volume in the gas turbine 100 of the utility model Other places further helps in the miniaturization for realizing gas turbine to inspire motor that cooling structure is arranged.

The angle of the aperture of venthole 230 and the main-shaft axis relative to gas turbine 100 can according to specific needs and It changes.

For example, Fig. 4 shows a kind of modification structures of the gas turbine 100 of the utility model.In the modification structures, greatly Part-structure is identical as the structure of gas turbine 100 shown in Fig. 2 and 3, they the difference is that, combustion gas shown in Fig. 4 In the structure of turbine 100, main-shaft axis of the venthole 230 relative to gas turbine 100 is adjusted, so that venthole therein 230 The compression impellor back side for inspiring the cavity of motor 200 to extend to compression impellor 110 is accommodated out of compression impellor wheel hub 111 113, that is, extend to the compression impellor 110 in the side of turbine wheel 120.

For another example the aperture of venthole 230 is variable in another modification structures of gas turbine 100 shown in Fig. 5 Change, specifically, along the direction outside the cavity from compression impellor wheel hub 111 to compression impellor 110, the venthole 230 Aperture is cumulative, to be formed as the bellmouth dehisced outward.The setting of such bellmouth, which helps to increase, is introduced into inspiration electricity The flow velocity of air-flow between machine 200, i.e. stator 210 and rotor 220, and then improve to the cooling efficiency for inspiring motor 200.

<second embodiment>

Fig. 6 a~7b shows the structure of the second embodiment of the utility model.Wherein, it is identical with the first embodiment or right The characteristic answered is indicated with same or similar appended drawing reference, and is mainly described with first in fact in disclosure below The different feature of example is applied, without being described in detail again to identical feature.Unless there are opposite description, described in first embodiment Feature be equally applicable to second embodiment.

As shown in Figure 6 a, it is provided with cavity in the wheel hub of the compression impellor 110 of gas turbine 100, inspires electricity for accommodating Machine 200.In a second embodiment, motor 200 is inspired in the cavity of the compression impellor wheel hub 111 of compression impellor 110 and rotor Be formed at interface at least one, preferably a plurality of air channel 240.It can be become apparent from the end view schematic shown in Fig. 6 b Ground is seen, may be provided with around the circumferentially distributed multiple air channels 240 for inspiring motor 200.These air channels 240 can be equidistant Ground distribution, but the spacing between them can also change, this is equally within the scope of the utility model.

Fig. 6 c shows the partial enlarged view of the part of the enlightening motor 200 of receiving of compression impellor 110 in Fig. 6 a.Its In, it can be more clearly seen to be arranged in and inspire being used to accommodate and inspiring motor 200 for motor 200 and compression impellor wheel hub 111 Cavity between intersection air channel 240.

The air channel 240 can be set on the inner wall of the cavity of compression impellor 110, as illustrated in the drawing, may also set up On rotor 220.For example, air channel 240 is settable in the inspiration motor 200 of the default minor structure of outer rotor shown in the figure On the outer surface of rotor 220, alternatively, air channel 240 may be provided at the outer of stator 210 in the structure of external stator internal rotor On surface.Alternatively, being both provided with air channel 240 on the inner wall of cavity and on the outside for inspiring motor 220.These structures All within the scope of the utility model.

Further, the air channel 240 and the venthole 230 are in fluid communication.In the case, the number of air channel 240 It measures corresponding with the quantity of venthole 230 such as equal.If air channel 240 is equal with the quantity of venthole 230, manufacturing It is convenient for processing venthole 230 and air channel 240 inside compression impellor 110 in the process.

Certainly, the structure that the air channel 240 and venthole 230 are in fluid communication be it is preferred, air channel 240 can not also with it is logical Stomata 230 is connected, but is formed into a loop in other ways, such as is connected between two or more air channels 240, thus from Body constitutes gas flow loop.This mode is also within the scope of the utility model.

Similar with structure shown in fig. 5 in the structure shown in Fig. 6 a~c, which is bellmouth.

Fig. 7 a and 7b show a kind of modification structures of second embodiment.Wherein, shown in the modification structures and Fig. 6 a~6c The difference of structure is that venthole 230 therein is the hole in constant aperture.

It, can be further by the way that air channel 240 is arranged between the cavity of compression impellor wheel hub 111 and inspiration motor 200 Increase to the draught area for inspiring motor 200, and then improves cooling efficiency.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of gas turbine, the gas turbine include:

Compression impellor, the compression impellor are mounted on main shaft；

Turbine wheel, the turbine wheel are mounted on the main shaft；

Combustion chamber, the combustion chamber are located at the downstream of the compression impellor and the upstream of the turbine wheel；And

Casing, the compression impellor, the turbine wheel and the combustion chamber are accommodated in the casing, and the main shaft quilt It is supported in the casing；

It is characterized in that, being formed with cavity in the compression impellor wheel hub of the compression impellor, accommodates and open in the cavity Generator, wherein the rotor for inspiring motor is fixedly provided in the cavity relative to the compression impellor wheel hub, institute It states and the stator of motor is inspired to be arranged with the rotor coaxial, and relative to the casing stationary positioned.

2. gas turbine as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the rotor is at least one of in the following manner solid It is fixed to be arranged in the cavity:

The rotor is embedded in an interference fit in the cavity；And

The rotor is fixedly connected on the inner wall of the cavity.

3. gas turbine as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the stator is fixedly connected on the casing.

4. gas turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that be provided in the compression impellor Venthole, described venthole one end are connected to the cavity fluid, and the other end is then fluidly connected to the outside of the compression impellor.

5. gas turbine as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that described one end of the venthole and the rotor and institute State the interstitial fluid connection between stator；And/or

The other end of the venthole is located at the wheel hub side of the compression impellor wheel hub, or is located at the compression impellor The compression impellor back side, wherein the compression impellor back side be the compression impellor the side in face of the turbine wheel.

6. gas turbine as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the venthole is bellmouth, wherein along from described For cavity to the direction of the outside of the compression impellor, the aperture of the venthole is cumulative.

7. gas turbine as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that at the interface of the inspiration motor and the cavity It is formed with around described at least one air channel circumferentially for inspiring motor.

8. gas turbine as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the air channel and the venthole are in fluid communication.

9. gas turbine as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the quantity of the air channel is equal to the number of the venthole Amount.

10. gas turbine as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the air channel cavity is set with it is described Inspire on the inner wall of motor interfaces and/or the air channel be arranged in it is described inspire motor with the cavity interfaces On outer surface.