CN208890657U - A kind of push-pull type DC-DC Switching Power Supply - Google Patents
A kind of push-pull type DC-DC Switching Power Supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN208890657U CN208890657U CN201821809274.5U CN201821809274U CN208890657U CN 208890657 U CN208890657 U CN 208890657U CN 201821809274 U CN201821809274 U CN 201821809274U CN 208890657 U CN208890657 U CN 208890657U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to Switching Power Supply design field, discloses a kind of push-pull type DC-DC Switching Power Supply, is provided with DC-DC converter；The DC-DC converter is connected with voltage sample device by conducting wire, the voltage sample device connects error amplifier by conducting wire, the error amplifier is connected with pwm pulse controller by conducting wire, the pwm pulse controller is connected with driver by conducting wire, and the driver is connected with DC-DC converter by conducting wire.Output voltage characteristic is relatively good；After bridge rectifier or full-wave rectification, the voltage fluctuation coefficient S of output voltagevWith current ripples coefficient SiIt is very small, so being only compared to energy storage filter condenser or energy storage filter inductance, RGY storage filter inductor can be obtained, small value and voltage ripple and current ripples can be obtained with very small output voltage.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to Switching Power Supply design field more particularly to a kind of push-pull type DC-DC Switching Power Supply.
Background technique
Currently, the prior art commonly used in the trade be it is such,
Switching Power Supply is a kind of device that constant DC voltage is realized by particular electrical circuit control switch pipe switching time.
Any electronic equipment cannot all be separated with reliable power supply, in nowadays this society, need of the people to electric power and electronic product
The amount of asking is increasing, and electronic product small in size and at low cost is increasingly liked by people, and people slowly just start to pursue
The transistor series regulated power supply of more frivolous, small and exquisite and high-efficient power supply, the past is linear stabilized power supply, and can be with
Continuous control, previous power supply technique or comparative maturity, but not only volume is big for its transformer and filter, but also
Also very heavy, wherein the power consumption of regulation pipe is also very big.But with the rapid development of electronic technology, Switching Power Supply is in related skill
Become more and more mature in art, so that Switching Power Supply becomes the indispensable power supply of electronic equipment.By decades it is continuous into
Step, Switching Power Supply achieve important breakthrough in many aspects, with the development of high-power MOS FET and IGBT power device, switch
Power supply develops to high-frequency and high power, and the development of soft switch technique decreases switching loss and switching noise, also greatly
The big efficiency for improving Switching Power Supply, and possibility is provided for the realization of HF switch.With flat surface transformer and planar inductor
The efficiency of the development of technology, Switching Power Supply can be further improved, and volume can greatly reduce.
The integrated of Switching Power Supply is following main trend, because integrated need high power density, to semiconductor skill
The demand of art is very high.In order to develop Switching Power Supply to the direction of high efficiency and small size, semiconductor devices and magnetic device
If the development of transformer and inductive technologies has become an important balance factor, start the seventies using DC-DC Switching Power Supply,
Modular product has been formed.It is at low cost since the design of DC-DC circuit is relatively easy, there is the problem of many complexity to be ok
Rapidly, it well solves, and has formd the design of DC-DC power source, which strongly simplifies the designs of electric equipment system
Journey is at present most simple and most convenient method using DC-DC power source.In the early stage of the design of the system, suitable DC
River tungsten module product can according to the catalogue of DC-DC module manufacturer in the different voltages at different levels of the internal component of system and
It is found in current requirements.The use of compact power supply module can substantially reduce the structure of equipment, mitigate its weight, meanwhile, electricity
The high reliability of source module greatly improves the global reliability of system, is more advantageous to the cost for reducing design and equipment.
In conclusion problem of the existing technology is:
Not only volume is big for traditional switching mode power supply transformer and filter, but also very heavy, wherein the effect of regulation pipe
It is very big.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the utility model provides a kind of push-pull type DC-DC Switching Power Supply.
The utility model is realized in this way push-pull type DC-DC Switching Power Supply is provided with DC-DC converter；
The DC-DC converter is connected with voltage sample device by conducting wire, and the voltage sample device is connected by conducting wire and missed
Poor amplifier, the error amplifier are connected with pwm pulse controller by conducting wire, and the pwm pulse controller passes through conducting wire
It is connected with driver, the driver is connected with DC-DC converter by conducting wire.
The error amplifier also passes through conducting wire and connects a reference source.
At the anode of the power end V of the DC-DC converter after connection switch K, the switch K series inductance L, resistance R
Connect the cathode of power end V；
It is parallel with capacitor C on the resistance R, is parallel with two poles between the negative pole end of the power supply V and the output end of switch K
Pipe D.
The advantages of the utility model and good effect are as follows:
(1) high efficiency: the switching mode voltage-stable transistor to work under switch state, very little is lost in its power consumption, but imitates
Rate can be very big raising, its efficiency substantially can be 80%~90% or so.
(2) quality is small: switching power supply uses alternating voltage directly to input to power grid mostly, thus rectified, this
Kind method changes previous less convenient power transformer, substantially reduces current power quality, only original tradition
1/5 or so equal power qualities, volume greatly reduces.
(3) voltage stabilized range: Switching Power Supply usually has good stablizing effect after input ac voltage.It is exported
The variation range of voltage can control within 2%, and after adjusting circuit by voltage, often there is very high efficiency,
And input ac voltage can be maintained and nearby changed.
(4) reliability: in switching power supply, a protection circuit is usually had.In load short circuits or appearance
It when other failure, can automatically cut off the power, its defencive function is sensitive to have reliability.
(5) capacity of filter capacitor is small: since most of switching transistors in adjuster circuit use higher switch
Frequency, therefore the capacity of filter condenser can substantially reduce, so, it is easy to so that it is become small-sized.
(6) small power consumption: because when the transistor in circuit is on, power loss is smaller, it is not necessary to use biggish
Radiator, temperature-rise ratio is slower in circuit, neighbouring some components will not because of it is too long under high temperature environment when
Between and be damaged.Therefore, the use of Switching Power Supply also contributes to improving the reliability of complete machine.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the workflow block diagram of push-pull type DC-DC Switching Power Supply provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the basic schematic diagram of BOOST type supply convertor provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
The schematic diagram of BOOST type circuit when Fig. 3 is provided by the embodiment of the utility model closes the switch；
Fig. 4 is the basic schematic diagram of BOOST type electricity circuit when switch provided by the embodiment of the utility model disconnects；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of BOOST type electric current when switch provided by the embodiment of the utility model disconnects and electric current is zero；
Fig. 6 is the working principle diagram of push-pull circuit provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 7 is Switching Power Supply output dipulse driving figure provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 8 is the working principle diagram of inverter provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 9 is the working principle diagram of switching power source feedback circuit provided provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Figure 10 is SG3525 chip pin figure provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
In figure: 1, DC-DC converter；2, a reference source；3, voltage sample device；4, error amplifier；5, pwm pulse controls
Device；6, driver.
Specific embodiment
For the invention, features and effects that can further appreciate that the utility model, the following examples are hereby given, and cooperates
Detailed description are as follows for attached drawing.
The structure of the utility model is explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figures 1 to 10, push-pull type DC-DC Switching Power Supply is provided with DC-DC converter 1；
The DC-DC converter 1 is connected with voltage sample device 3 by conducting wire, and the voltage sample device 3 is connected by conducting wire
Error amplifier 4, the error amplifier 4 are connected with pwm pulse controller 5 by conducting wire, and the pwm pulse controller 5 is logical
It crosses conducting wire and is connected with driver 6, the driver 6 is connected with DC-DC converter 1 by conducting wire.
The error amplifier 4 also connects a reference source 2 by conducting wire.
At the anode of the power end V of the DC-DC converter 1 after connection switch K, the switch K series inductance L, resistance R
Connect the cathode of power end V；
It is parallel with capacitor C on the resistance R, is parallel with two poles between the negative pole end of the power supply V and the output end of switch K
Pipe D.
The basic structure block diagram of DC-DC Switching Power Supply is as shown in Figure 1.Input voltage UiBy push-pull circuit, with complementation
The mode of pulse flows into DC-DC converter 1, by the effect of DC-DC converter 1, obtains the defeated of 24V by the input voltage of 12V
Voltage out after rectifying using pressure stabilizing, becomes to final output voltage Uo, output voltage UoEnter after voltage sample
Error amplifier 4, with reference voltage UrAfter comparing, driving signal is produced by pwm pulse controller 5, DC-DC is driven to become
Parallel operation 1 carries out self-control, to make output voltage UoIt becomes more stable.
Boost type DC-DC power source converter is also called BOOST converter, it, which is also that DC-DC Switching Power Supply is most basic, opens up
Flutter one of structure.The basic schematic diagram of BOOST type supply convertor is as shown in Figure 2.
When switch K closure, input V charges to inductance L, and inductance both ends generate electromotive force, and inductive current is gradually increased, this
When, sustained diode shutdown is powered from capacitor C to load R.
When switch K is disconnected, inductance L is to maintain excitation constant, generates counter electromotive force, and inductive current passes through freewheeling diode
D, to capacitor C and load R power supply, inductive current is gradually reduced.
Because of output voltageGreater than input voltage Vim, so, BOOST circuit is booster circuit.
The course of work of boost type DC-DC Switching Power Supply is as follows:
(1) when switch K is closed, the electric current in inductance is linearly increasing, and diode D cut-off is supplied from capacitor C to load at this time
Electricity is illustrated in fig. 3 shown below.
(2) when switch K is turned off, Voltage Series on input voltage and inductance, to be higher than the voltage of output voltage to electricity
While holding C charging, electric energy also is provided to load R, diode D is connected at this time, and the electric current in inductance is gradually reduced, following Fig. 4
It is shown.
When inductive current is reduced to zero, then diode D ends, and only capacitor C powers to the load, is illustrated in fig. 5 shown below.
It is constant, duty ratio that pulse width, which modulates (PULSE WIDTH MODULATION, be abbreviated as PWM) switch periods,
Changed by changing pulse width.The wide modulation of pwm pulse is a kind of term for switching regulator, this is according to specification
What control model was classified, other than PWM type, there are also PFM type, PWM type and PFM mixed type, pulsewidth modulation (PWM) switches
Voltage regulator circuit is to adjust its duty ratio by Voltage Feedback in the case where control circuit output frequency is constant, to reach steady
Determine the purpose of output voltage.
The working principle of push-pull circuit:
The working principle of push-pull circuit is illustrated in fig. 6 shown below.Push-pull converter is by two switching tubes upper and lower in figure
Inf630 and transformer xfr13 composition.Upper and lower two switching tubes are alternately connected and are cut due to the control action of driving circuit
Only, when being in the switching tube conducting of top in figure, input voltage is added to transformer P by d by switching tube2_M2
On, due to the effect of transformer, it will there is twice of input voltage to be added in figure on switching tube of the lower section in cut-off.Each open
The on and off that pipe is all the half period is closed, due to P1_M1、P2_M2、P3_M3The ratio between coil group number is 1: 1: 1, therefore output end
P1_M1Always there are twice of voltage output, i.e. 24V.Output end P1_M1Output voltage pass through rectifier diode d3、d4Rectification, and
Inductance L2The filter action of capacitor C has just obtained stable output voltage Uo。
The efficiency of push-pull circuit:
When switching tube conducting, input voltage is to transformer transimission power.When duty ratio reaches 100%, it is assumed that transformation
Device input voltage is Uin, primary current Ip, then the input power P of converterinAre as follows:
Pin=UinIp (1)
According to the basic functional principle of transformer, available primary current IpAre as follows:
IoTo export electric current, UsBe transformer without filter rectification when voltage, its numerical value is output voltage UoWith whole
The sum of the forward voltage of stream diode, therefore Us=Uo+ 1, UpIt is the voltage at transformer both ends, value is input voltage
And the difference of switching tube conduction voltage drop, both Up=Uin- 1, because of the input power P of converterinAre as follows:
Output power Po=UoIo, so efficiency are as follows:
When input voltage is 12V, and output voltage is 24V, the efficiency being calculated is about 85%.But actual efficiency
It is so not high, this is because above formula does not consider the loss of transformer, switching tube, rectifier diode.
The advantages of push-pull circuit:
Output voltage characteristic is relatively good；After bridge rectifier or full-wave rectification, the voltage fluctuation coefficient S of output voltagev
With current ripples coefficient SiIt is very small, so being only compared to energy storage filter condenser or energy storage filter inductance, can obtain
It obtains RGY and stores filter inductor, small value and voltage ripple and current ripples can be obtained with very small output voltage.It opens
Powered-down source be it is efficient, its transformer is bipolar magnetic polarization, and magnetic induction range be twice of monopole magnetic polarization with
On, and transformer core does not need to leave air gap.So the armature winding of transformer and the quantity of secondary windings are that monopole becomes
Twice or more of depressor armature winding and secondary winding turns, the loss of leakage and copper resistance loss ratio monopole magnetic polarization transformer
It is much smaller.Ao Ermo driving circuit is simple, two switching device has common ground terminal.Driving circuit is than half-bridge or full-bridge
Switching Power Supply wants much simpler, this is also an advantage.
Driving method used in Switching Power Supply is dipulse driving, and controller is critically important one in switching power circuit
Block, the emulation of push-pull type DC-DC Switching Power Supply use American Silicon General Semi-Conductor Corp. (SILICON GENERAL) production
Pwm chip SG3525, chip SG3525 are the PWM controllers of current-control type.[9]
The pin a and pin b of chip SG3525 is a pair of of complementary output end, and [10] utilize a pin and b of SG3525 chip
Pin provides complementary dipulse, respectively by two field-effect tube irf630 up and down as shown in Figure 7, so that them be made to replace work
Make.
The working principle of transformer
The transformer of push-pull type DC-DC switching power circuit is as shown in Figure 8.Transformer in figure plays isolation and transmitting energy
The effect of amount.When the switching tube irf630 of top in figure is opened, then the switching tube of lower section is just off moment, 12V
Input voltage is flowed by top route, and flowing through direction is P2_M2_P3_M3, circuit is in M2With P3Between be added 12V voltage source, this is just
Pass through P3_M3Between voltage be 24V.When in figure lower section switching tube irf630 open when, then top switching tube
Just it is off the moment, 12V input voltage is flowed by lower section route, and flowing through direction is M3_P3_M3_P2, P is flowed through at this time2_M2It
Between voltage be similarly 24V, since upper and lower two switching tubes are to work alternatively, therefore open one when upper and lower two switching tubes are each
It is secondary, it is just equivalent to work a cycle, current direction has converted once within this period.Since current direction quickly becomes
It changes, this just makes primary coil P3M3, P2M2With secondary coil P1M1Between have the transmitting of energy, primary coil P2M3, P2M2With
Secondary coil P1M1Between coil ratio be P3M3∶P2M2∶P1M1=1: 1: 1, this just makes secondary coil P1M1Each complete
There is the voltage output of 24V on the whole period, passes through afterflow inductor L in output end2With rectifier diode d3、d4Constitute secondary side
On rectification circuit, just meet the output requirement of this switching power circuit.When designing circuit, switching tube both ends add respectively
The absorbing circuit being made of resistance and inductance is respectively intended to absorb generated spike wave when two switching tubes shutdowns up and down
It gushes.
The work characteristics of push-pull type DC-DC switching power converters is as follows:
(1) under all working conditions, switching tube is borne by double conducting voltage, therefore the circuit is commonly used in big function
In the DC-DC Switching Power Supply of rate rank.
(2) two switching tubes are all shutdowns alternate with each other, therefore two groups of drive waveforms phase differences are greater than 180 °, and have
The presence of dead time.
The selection of filter capacitor
The main shadow by unstable output voltage values and unstable output current value size of the value of filter capacitor
It rings, the calculation formula of filter capacitor is as follows in circuit:
Wherein, L is output inductor value, and I is current rating output valve, VpFor the maximum output value of voltage, VpFor output
The rated value of voltage.
The selection of filter inductance
In the design of switching power circuit, filter inductance plays critically important effect, and mainly at two aspects, one is
Energy storage becomes its output voltage to guarantee that Switching Power Supply in entire switch periods, can maintain steady dc voltage to export
It obtains smoothly.
In order to allow the harmonic wave of input voltage to reduce with pulsation, we are frequently used in an input terminal upper number in parallel for circuit
The method for the electrolytic capacitor that value compares.If however capacitor selects too big, often will limit the response speed of control loop；Such as
Fruit capacitor selects too big, and the pulsation of voltage is unable to get solution again.[11] therefore, the capacitance of required inductance is specifically counted
It calculates as follows:
UoFor the DC output voltage of switch power converter.IoFor the average value of electric current on inductance, DminFor minimum duty
Than fsFor the switching frequency of switching tube, r is current ripple ratio, and the calculation formula of current ripple ratio is as follows:
Wherein, Δ I is current ripple level on inductance, IcFor the maximum value of electric current on inductance.Here the definition of r is only applicable in
In converter work in the case where continuous current mode, the size of r is accurate related to the wave characteristic of electric power output voltage.r
Value it is smaller, electric power output voltage fluctuation it is smaller.Require have biggish output inductor simultaneously.
Rectifier diode
Four diodes in this circuit, are d respectively1、d2、d3、d4, since the current direction in circuit is in Fast transforms,
Diode in the circuit will work in the state of fast turn-on and turn-off state, so whole using fast quick-recovery in circuit
Flow diode.When lower switch pipe is connected in circuit, then the current direction in secondary coil is m1Flow to p1, two are rectified at this time
Pole pipe d4Work, rectifier diode d3It is in an off state, when the conducting of circuit upper switch pipe, then the electric current in secondary coil
Direction is p1Flow to m1, rectifier diode d at this time3Work, rectifier diode d4It is in an off state, all due to two switching tubes
Opening is alternateed, so two groups of drive waveforms phase differences are greater than 180 °, using inductance L2Rectification has just obtained phase
To stable voltage output.And in order to provide feed circuit to energy feedback, in d3And d4Freewheeling diode d in the parallel connection of both ends1
And d2。
The feed circuit of Switching Power Supply
Part or all of voltage or electric current of amplifier circuit, which are exported, sends input back to by certain element or feedback network
Circuit, to influence the process of original voltage or electric current input, we are just referred to as to feed back.Positive feedback and negative-feedback and its
Judgment method: if also big when input quantity is constant, input quantity is not than feeding back, the feedback signal of circuit is just
Play the role of enhancing net input signal, therefore this mode is referred to as positive feedback；Conversely, this feedback system is just claimed to be negative
Feedback.If the output valve of circuit increases, that is to say, that feedback signal reduces the net input signal of circuit, such case
It is referred to as feminine gender.
The working principle of switching power source feedback circuit provided
Switching Power Supply has used light-coupled isolation feedback, this is a kind of fairly simple and cost also relatively low feedback side
Formula, this feedback system is suitable in general common isolated power supply circuit.In this circuit, feed circuit as shown in figure 9,
The pin 3 and pin 16 that control SG3525 is removed by photoelectrical coupler PC871 diode-triode curent change, if electric
The electric current flowed through in road is bigger, then luminous intensity will be stronger, and the electric current in secondary side triode will be bigger, the electricity of secondary triode
The ratio between stream and primary side diode current are referred to as the current amplification factor of photo-coupler, which varies with temperature and become
Change, and is influenced by temperature.
In the emulation of this circuitry software, due to being virtual circuit, not will receive extraneous variable influences, so not having to consider light
This extraneous factor of intensity, chip SG3525 combination photoelectrical coupler PC871 is fed back in circuit.Line 1 road and 2 in figure
Number route is connected respectively at No. 9 pin COMP and No. 16 pin VREF of chip SG3525, and No. 3 routes connect the defeated of Switching Power Supply
Out, i.e., No. 3 routes provide feedback voltage signal.
Output voltage introduces feedback network by No. 3 routes, constitutes circuit by three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe pressure stabilizing, photodiode is logical
The variation of overcurrent can feed back to feedback signal in chip SG3525, so that width and amplitude of the controller to output pulse
It is finely adjusted, to obtain more stable output voltage.
Switching Power Supply controls chip SG3525
SG3525 chip needs to operate normally in the voltage of 8-35V, its reference power supply is 5.1V, and fine tuning rate is
Scholar 1%, and the working frequency on oscillator is 100-400KHZ, and function possessed by it is respectively can be same outside oscillator
Step, dead time can change, and have soft starting circuit in chip, and the ability for having PWM to latch blocks multiple-pulse and one by one arteries and veins
Punching shutdown, can there is two-way output.
This paper circuit needs to use two pulses, and phase difference needs to be greater than 180 °, can just make push-pull circuit in this way
Normal operation is got up, and 11 pins of SG3525 chip and 14 pins are in output waveform, precisely a pair of complementary output arteries and veins
Wave is rushed, this just meets the requirement of push-pull type DC-DC switching circuit, and the pinouts of SG3525 chip is as shown in Figure 10.
The above is only the preferred embodiment to the utility model, is not made in any form to the utility model
Limitation, it is all according to the technical essence of the utility model any simple modification made to the above embodiment, equivalent variations with
Modification, is all within the scope of the technical scheme of the utility model.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of push-pull type DC-DC Switching Power Supply, which is characterized in that the push-pull type DC-DC Switching Power Supply is provided with DC-DC change
Parallel operation；
The DC-DC converter is connected with voltage sample device by conducting wire, and the voltage sample device connects error by conducting wire and puts
Big device, the error amplifier are connected with pwm pulse controller by conducting wire, and the pwm pulse controller is connected by conducting wire
There is driver, the driver is connected with DC-DC converter by conducting wire.
2. push-pull type DC-DC Switching Power Supply as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the error amplifier, which also passes through, leads
Line connects a reference source.
3. push-pull type DC-DC Switching Power Supply as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the power end of the DC-DC converter
The cathode of power end V is connected at the anode of V after connection switch K, the switch K series inductance L, resistance R；
It is parallel with capacitor C on the resistance R, is parallel with diode D between the negative pole end of the power supply V and the output end of switch K.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821809274.5U CN208890657U (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2018-10-25 | A kind of push-pull type DC-DC Switching Power Supply |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821809274.5U CN208890657U (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2018-10-25 | A kind of push-pull type DC-DC Switching Power Supply |
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| CN208890657U true CN208890657U (en) | 2019-05-21 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113098299A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-07-09 | 美钻石油钻采***(上海)有限公司 | Rectifying device for oil-gas signal processing and control system of ocean platform |
-
2018
- 2018-10-25 CN CN201821809274.5U patent/CN208890657U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113098299A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-07-09 | 美钻石油钻采***(上海)有限公司 | Rectifying device for oil-gas signal processing and control system of ocean platform |
| CN113098299B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2023-06-06 | 美钻石油钻采***(上海)有限公司 | Rectifying device for ocean platform oil gas signal processing and control system |
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