CN208859925U - Fused salt heat dump thermal efficiency test macro - Google Patents
Fused salt heat dump thermal efficiency test macro Download PDFInfo
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- CN208859925U CN208859925U CN201821585222.4U CN201821585222U CN208859925U CN 208859925 U CN208859925 U CN 208859925U CN 201821585222 U CN201821585222 U CN 201821585222U CN 208859925 U CN208859925 U CN 208859925U
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 130
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 127
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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Abstract
The utility model relates to solar light-heat power-generation technical fields, disclose a kind of fused salt heat dump thermal efficiency test macro, comprising: light path system, hot loop system and measuring system；Hot loop system includes receiving tower, is converted to the energy in light path system；It receives tower and is provided with reception window, fused salt heat dump is set at reception window；Light path system includes light intensity controller, heliostat field and reflecting mirror；It receives tower to be arranged between heliostat field and reflecting mirror, heliostat field reflexes to light on reflecting mirror；Reflecting mirror reflexes to light at reception window, and light intensity controller is arranged between reflecting mirror and reception tower, can adjust the radiant power on fused salt heat dump heating surface；Measuring system includes measuring device and external equipment.Fused salt heat dump thermal efficiency test macro and test method provided by the utility model can assess the whole thermal efficiency of heat dump by testing the thermal efficiency that single pipe comes different temperatures section, therefore cost is relatively low and operability is stronger.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a solar photothermal power technical field, in particular to fused salt heat absorber thermal efficiency test system.
Background
The solar power generation technology is an effective means for relieving the energy crisis, has wide application prospect, and brings new hope for coping with the global energy crisis by the clean and efficient utilization technology. The solar energy resources of China are very rich, and if the solar energy can be reasonably utilized, the energy problem can be solved.
Generally, solar thermal power generation mainly comprises three modes, namely a groove mode, a disc mode and a tower mode, wherein a tower type solar thermal power generation system is large in capacity, high in light concentration ratio and operation temperature and high in efficiency, and is one of the most rapidly developed technologies at present. For a tower type solar thermal power generation system, a heat absorber is a key device for photo-thermal conversion. At present, a heat absorber taking molten salt as a working medium mainly comprises an exposed tube type heat absorber, and generally comprises a heat absorption tube, wherein the molten salt working medium is arranged in the tube and is used for bearing solar energy absorbed by the heat absorber.
The thermal efficiency of the molten salt heat absorber is the most critical index no matter the early design or the later performance evaluation. However, in the prior art, one possible thermal efficiency testing method is: and placing the processed molten salt heat absorber on a receiving tower of an actual solar thermal power station for installation, debugging and operation, testing the thermal efficiency of the solar thermal power station, and then guiding the optimal design of the molten salt heat absorber according to the test result. Although the scheme is feasible, in actual operation, due to the fact that the installation position of the molten salt heat absorber is high and the surface radiation power is large, the manpower and material resources required by the scheme are extremely large, and even if actual tests are carried out, the accuracy of test results is difficult to guarantee, so that the method is difficult to implement.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a molten salt heat absorber efficiency test system, through designing miniaturized molten salt heat absorber and thermal efficiency test system, reduce the test cost and the test degree of difficulty in view of above-mentioned problem. Different working conditions are simulated, so that the thermal efficiency of the molten salt heat absorber under different working conditions is tested.
Particularly, the utility model provides a fused salt heat absorber thermal efficiency test system for the thermal efficiency to tower solar photothermal power fused salt heat absorber tests, include: an optical path system, a thermal loop system and a measurement system; the thermal loop system comprises a receiving tower, a heat exchanger and a heat exchanger, wherein the receiving tower is used for converting energy in the optical path system; the receiving tower is provided with a receiving window, a molten salt heat absorber is arranged at the receiving window, and the shape of the receiving window corresponds to the shape of a heating surface of the molten salt heat absorber; the light path system comprises an illumination controller, a heliostat field and a reflector; the receiving tower is arranged between the heliostat field and the reflecting mirror, and the heliostat field reflects light rays to the reflecting mirror; the reflector is used for further reflecting the light to the receiving window, and an illumination controller is arranged between the reflector and the receiving tower and can adjust the radiation power received by the molten salt heat absorber; the measuring system comprises a device for measuring the thermal efficiency of the thermal loop system and the optical path system and an external device.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a fused salt heat absorber thermal efficiency test system simple structure, maneuverability are strong, can be under the condition of the incident power on the unnecessary test heat absorber heating surface, can assess the whole thermal efficiency of fused salt heat absorber at the thermal efficiency between different temperatures interval through testing single bank of tubes. And, the utility model provides a test system reduces the size of fused salt heat absorber through miniaturizing the fused salt heat absorber, is favorable to designing simple and easy fused salt heat absorber efficiency test system and obtains the thermal efficiency of fused salt heat absorber relatively accurately.
Preferably, the reflector includes a secondary parabolic reflector, and the illumination controller and the receiving window are disposed along a direction of an optical axis of the secondary parabolic reflector; the illumination controller includes a radiation control disk, and the radiation control disk is movable between the receiving window and the secondary parabolic mirror in a direction of an optical axis of the secondary parabolic mirror, and the radiation control disk and the receiving window are respectively disposed at both sides of a focal point of the secondary parabolic mirror.
The radiation control disc can control the movement of the radiation control disc, and the light rays reflected by the secondary parabolic reflector are shielded, so that the radiation power reaching the receiving window is adjusted. And when the radiation disc is adopted to adjust the radiation power, the energy distribution of light spots on the surface of the fused salt heat absorber is still uniform.
Further, preferably, the radiation control disk is installed by being parallel to the rotation axis of the receiving tower and is capable of rotating around the rotation axis.
The light reflected by the secondary parabolic mirror can also be shielded by rotating the radiation control disc, so that the power of the thermal radiation reaching the receiving window is adjusted.
Further, it is preferable that the radiation control disk is provided with a cooling water passage and a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet.
Because the radiation control disc blocks part of heat radiation, the radiation control disc is high in radiation power and temperature, so that the radiation control disc is deformed or even damaged at high temperature, and normal use of the radiation control disc is affected. The introduced cooling water can exchange heat with the radiation control disc, so that heat is taken away, the temperature of the radiation control disc is reduced, and the radiation control disc is protected.
In addition, as preferred, still be provided with light restraint baffle in the edge of receiving window to still be provided with the wind channel in the edge of receiving window, set up the fan with wind channel intercommunication in the receiving tower, and can set up firing equipment.
The air speed in the air channel is adjusted through the fan, the air temperature in the air channel is adjusted through the heating equipment, and the air flow reaches the receiving window through the air channel, so that different external environment conditions can be simulated.
Preferably, a heat retaining device is further provided on a surface of the molten salt heat absorber that does not receive the light reflected by the secondary parabolic mirror.
The heat preservation device is arranged on the side, not receiving illumination, of the heat absorber, and is consistent with the actual condition in the tower type photo-thermal power station, so that the actual condition can be better simulated.
Further, preferably, the measuring device includes: the device comprises a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor which are arranged on a molten salt heat absorber, wherein the first temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of a molten salt working medium at an inlet of the molten salt heat absorber, and the second temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the molten salt working medium at an outlet of the molten salt heat absorber; and a flowmeter for measuring the flow of the molten salt working medium.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a thermal efficiency testing system for a molten salt heat absorber according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a thermal efficiency testing system for a molten salt heat absorber according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a thermal loop system of a molten salt heat absorber thermal efficiency testing system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a receiving window provided with a light-restricting baffle according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a receiving window provided with an air duct according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the radiation control disk of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the radiation control disk of the present invention with a slide and slider;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a first, second or fourth embodiment of the present invention, tested by adjusting the distance d between the radiation control disk and the heated surface;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the first, third or fourth embodiment of the present invention for testing by adjusting the angle a of the radiation control disk to the heating surface.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a receiving tower; 1 a-a receive window; 1a 1-light-confining baffles; 1a 2-air duct; 2-a mirror; 2 a-a secondary parabolic mirror; 3-an illumination controller; 3 a-a radiation control disc; 3 b-a rotating shaft; 3a1 — cooling water inlet; 3a 2-cooling water outlet; 3a 3-circulating cooling water channel; 4-a heliostat field; 5-a molten salt heat absorber; 5 a-a heated surface; 5 b-an inflow port; 5 c-an outflow opening; 6 a-a first temperature sensor; 6 b-a second temperature sensor; 6 c-a flow meter; 8-a heat preservation device; 9-molten salt pump; 10-a molten salt storage tank; 11-a cooling tank; 12-a slide; 13-a slide block; 14-fastening screws.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The structure and the like of the thermal efficiency test system of the molten salt heat absorber are schematically and simply shown in the attached drawings.
Implementation mode one
The utility model discloses a first embodiment provides a fused salt heat absorber thermal efficiency test system for test the thermal efficiency of tower solar photothermal power fused salt heat absorber 5, see fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, wherein the straight line of taking the arrow point represents the direction that light shines, and the dotted line in the figure represents the optical axis of speculum, include: an optical path system, a thermal loop system and a measurement system.
The thermal loop system comprises a receiving tower 1 for converting energy in the optical path system, wherein a receiving window 1a is arranged on the receiving tower 1, a molten salt heat absorber 5 is arranged at the receiving window 1a, and the shape of the receiving window 1a corresponds to the shape of a heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5. And a molten salt pump 9, a molten salt storage tank 10 and a cooling tank 11 connected to the molten salt heat absorber 5. The molten salt working medium stored in the molten salt storage tank 10 is pumped into the molten salt heat absorber 5 through the heat absorber inflow port 5b by the molten salt pump 9, flows into the cooling tank 11 from the outflow port 5c of the molten salt heat absorber 5 after the molten salt working medium is heated to a certain temperature, is cooled, and finally returns to the molten salt storage tank 10. In addition, in order to reduce the test cost, in the embodiment, the molten salt heat absorber 5 can be a tube bank, and each test result exactly corresponds to the actual working condition of a single tube bank in the actual tower type photothermal power station molten salt heat absorber 5, so that the test system is miniaturized.
The light path system comprises an illumination controller 3, a heliostat field 4 and a reflector 2, and the receiving tower 1 is arranged between the heliostat field 4 and the reflector 2. The heliostat field 4 is composed of a plurality of heliostats. Light from the heliostat is reflected and focused by the mirror 2 to reach the receiving window 1 a. Among them, the reflecting mirror 2 is preferably a reflecting mirror capable of condensing light, for example, a secondary parabolic mirror. An illumination controller 3 is arranged between the reflector 2 and the receiving tower 1, the receiving tower 1 and the illumination controller 3 are arranged along a straight line where the optical axis of the reflector 2 is located, and the illumination controller 3 can adjust the radiation intensity reflected to the receiving window 1a by the secondary parabolic reflector 2 a.
The measuring system includes a device (not shown) for measuring thermal efficiency of the thermal loop system and the optical path system, and an external device (not shown).
Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a fused salt heat absorber thermal efficiency test system simple structure, maneuverability is strong, can be under the condition of the radiant power on the unnecessary test heat absorber heating surface, can assess the whole thermal efficiency of fused salt heat absorber 5 through testing single bank of tubes at the thermal efficiency between different temperatures interval. And, the utility model provides a test system is miniaturized fused salt heat absorber and thermal efficiency test system thereof, is favorable to reducing test cost and obtains the thermal efficiency of fused salt heat absorber 5 relatively accurately, and maneuverability is stronger.
In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the illumination controller 3 includes a radiation control disk 3a, and the radiation control disk 3a is movable in the direction of the optical axis of the secondary parabolic mirror 2a between the receiving window 1a and the secondary parabolic mirror 2a, and the radiation control disk 3a and the receiving window 1a are respectively provided on both sides of the focal point of the secondary parabolic mirror 2 a. The radiation control disc 3a is arranged to adjust the radiation power incident on the heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5. And the energy distribution of the light spots on the surface of the molten salt heat absorber 5 is still uniform when the radiation control disk 3a is put into use. Of course, the illumination controller 3 may also take other shapes as long as the adjustment of the radiation power can be realized without affecting the energy distribution uniformity of the heated surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5.
More preferably, in the present embodiment, the radiation control disk 3a is installed in parallel with the rotating shaft 3b of the receiving tower 1, and the radiation control disk 3a can rotate around the rotating shaft 3b, so that the effect of adjusting the radiation power on the heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5 can be achieved.
The radiation control disc 3a can control its own movement to block the light reflected by the secondary parabolic mirror 2a, thereby adjusting the radiation power reaching the heated surface 5 a. And when the radiation disc is adopted for simulation, the uniformity of the light spot energy distribution on the heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5 is not influenced.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, a slide 12 may be provided between the secondary parabolic mirror 2a and the receiving window 1a in the direction along the optical axis of the secondary parabolic mirror 2a, a slider 13 may be installed in the slide 12, the radiation control disk 3a may be connected to the slider 13 via the rotating shaft 3b, and when the slider 13 moves, the radiation control disk 3a may also move by the same distance.
Also in the present embodiment, the inventors of the present invention found the effective adjustment range of the radiation control disk 3a through simulation. Specific simulation conditions are as follows.
A place: north latitude 30.3 °, spring minutes, 11 am: 00.
a heliostat: dimensions 5.0m x 4.0m, curvature 0.009, 8-sided heliostat, front reflectance 0.93.
Secondary parabolic mirror: the parabolic equation is:the cross-sectional diameter is 10.0m, the focal length is 6.0m, and the front reflectance is 0.93.
Light restraint baffle: the width is 0.4m, 4 pieces in total, the left and right light restriction baffles and the plane where the receiving surface is located form an angle of 75 degrees, the upper and lower light restriction baffles are horizontally arranged, and the front reflectivity is 0.93.
Heating surface 5a of molten salt heat absorber 5: the shape is rectangular, the size is 0.4m multiplied by 1.0m, the average DNI of solar radiation at a distance of 6.2m from the center of the paraboloid before and after spring minutes is 750W/m2。
The diameter of the radiation control disc 3a is 0.3 m.
Firstly, a control group without the radiation control disc 3a is simulated, and various data of the heating surface 5a at the moment are obtained:
total radiation power: ptotal＝43.6906kW
Average fluence: paverage＝109.226kW/m2
Peak fluence: ppeak＝164.963kW/m2
Minimum fluence: pmin＝32.8164kW/m2
The distance d between the radiation control disc 3a and the heated surface 5a was adjusted to obtain the results as given in the following table, where PtotalAs total radiation power, PaverageIs the average energy flow density, PpeakIs the peak fluence, PminAt the lowest energy flux density, uniformity is the nonuniformity of the radiation energy distribution on the heating surface of the heat absorber, and χ is the ratio of the actual radiation power to the radiation power on the heating surface of the heat absorber without the radiation control disk 3 a.
When the distance between the radiation control disc 3a and the heated surface 5a is less than 0.6m, the energy distribution of the heated surface 5a is uneven, so that a local high-temperature region appears on the heated surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5, and local overheating damage of the molten salt heat absorber 5 can be caused. Therefore, the adjustment range of the distance d between the radiation control disk 3a and the heated surface 5a needs to be 0.6m or more.
The angle a between the radiation control disk 3a and the plane of the heated surface 5a is set at 0.6m, and the following table is obtained:
from the table, after the angle a between the plane where the radiation control disc 3a and the heated surface 5a are adjusted to be larger than 60 °, the rotating radiation control disc 3a has little influence on the percentage of the energy on the heated surface 5a in the total energy, and basically has no adjusting function, so the adjusting range of the angle a is (0-60 °).
In order to facilitate the measurement and improve the accuracy of the measurement, as shown in fig. 6, a scale is further provided on the slide 12, and a stopper, such as a fastening screw 14 or the like, is provided on the slider 13. When the sliding block 13 moves to a preset test position, the radiation control disc 3a is fixed by screwing the fastening screw 14, so that the movement of the radiation control disc 3a in the test process is reduced, and the accuracy of the test result is ensured. Preferably, the radiation control disk 3a is integrally formed with the rotation shaft 3b, and a fastening member is further provided at a lower portion of the rotation shaft to fix an angle of each rotation of the radiation control disk 3 a.
Moreover, since the radiation control disc 3a blocks a part of the heat radiation, the above table shows that the radiation power on the surface of the radiation control disc 3a is high and the temperature is high, so that the radiation control disc 3a is easily damaged at high temperature, and the normal use of the radiation control disc 3a is affected. For the protection of the radiation control disk 3a, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the radiation control disk 3a is provided with the cooling water passage 3a3 and the cooling water inlet 3a1 and the cooling water outlet 3a2, so that the cooling water can flow in the cooling water passage 3a3 in the radiation control disk 3a, thereby performing heat exchange with the radiation control disk 3a more sufficiently, taking away the heat of the radiation control disk 3a, lowering the temperature of the radiation control disk 3a, and playing a role of protecting the radiation control disk.
In addition, in the present embodiment, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the receiving window 1a is rectangular in shape in the present embodiment, a light-restraining baffle 1a1 is further disposed at an edge of the receiving window 1a, the light-restraining baffle 1a1 reflects incident light and reflects the light onto the molten salt heat absorber 5, so that a light spot formed at the receiving window 1a has the same shape as the heated surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5, thereby making the heat radiation of the heated surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5 uniform in distribution, and effectively preventing the molten salt heat absorber 5 from being damaged by excessively high local heat flux density. Wherein, the inventor of the utility model finds that, under the above-mentioned simulation condition, the contained angle between the plane of two blocks of light restraint baffles 1a1 and heated surface 5a about is 75, can realize better reflected light's effect when two blocks of light restraint baffles 1a1 horizontal arrangement from top to bottom.
An air duct 1a2 is further provided at the edge of the receiving window 1a, and a fan (not shown) communicating with the air duct 1a2 is provided on the receiving window 1 a. Air is blown by a fan, and is transferred to the heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5 through the air duct 1a2 and air holes arranged at the edge of the receiving window 1a, so that different working conditions are simulated.
It is worth mentioning that in this embodiment, the fan further comprises a temperature regulator (not shown). The temperature control device is used for adjusting the temperature of the wind sent out by the wind channel 1a2 and further simulating working conditions corresponding to different seasons.
In the present embodiment, a heat retaining device 8 is further provided on the surface of the molten salt heat absorber 5 that does not receive the light reflected by the secondary parabolic mirror 2 a.
And the heat preservation device 8 is arranged and used for simulating the working environment of the molten salt heat absorber 5a in the actual photo-thermal power station. Wherein, the commonly used heat preservation device 8 is heat preservation cotton.
In order to be able to acquire accurate data for calculating the thermal efficiency of the molten salt heat absorber 5, in the present embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the measurement apparatus includes: a first temperature sensor 6a and a second temperature sensor 6b, wherein the first temperature sensor 6a is used for measuring the temperature of the molten salt working medium at the inlet 5b of the molten salt heat absorber 5, and the second temperature sensor 6b is used for measuring the temperature of the molten salt working medium at the outlet 5c of the molten salt heat absorber 5; and a flow meter 6c for measuring the flow of the molten salt working medium. Among them, the commonly used temperature sensor is a thermocouple.
In view of the above considerations, the molten salt heat absorber system of the present embodiment is a miniaturized light-gathering and heat-collecting platform, and comprehensively uses the eyepiece lens, the secondary parabolic reflector 2a, and the light-restricting baffle 1a1 to collect solar radiation energy, and has high accuracy and operability.
Second embodiment
The utility model discloses an in the second embodiment still provide a fused salt heat absorber thermal efficiency test method, including following step:
s1: adjusting the distance d between the radiation control disc 3a and the molten salt heat absorber 5, respectively measuring the temperature of the molten salt working medium at the inlet 5b and the outlet 5c of the molten salt heat absorber 5 by the first temperature sensor 6a and the second temperature sensor 6b, and measuring the flow of the molten salt working medium by the flow meter 6 c;
s2: moving the radiation control disc 3a, adjusting the distance d between the radiation control disc 3a and the heated surface 5a, and adjusting the molten salt pump 9 to change the flow of the molten salt working medium, so that the temperatures of the inflow port 5b and the outflow port 5c of the molten salt heat absorber 5 are the same as the temperatures measured in the step S1;
s3: measuring the flow of the molten salt working medium in the molten salt heat absorber;
s4: and calculating the measured data to obtain the thermal efficiency of the molten salt heat absorber 5.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a test method needn't test fused salt heat absorber 5 receives the radiant power of hot side 5a, can assess the whole thermal efficiency of fused salt heat absorber 5.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, referring to fig. 8, a specific method for performing the test includes:
the data to be tested in the actual test are as follows: the temperature T of the inlet 5b of the molten salt heat absorber 5 is measured by a first temperature sensor 6ainAnd a second temperature sensor 6b for measuring the temperature T of the outflow 5c of the molten salt heat absorber 5outAnd the flow meter 6c measures the flow of the molten salt working medium；
Under the condition that the molten salt heat absorber 5 is in thermal equilibrium, the radiation power P on the heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorberincEqual to the reflected power (ρ P) of the molten salt heat absorber 5inc) Absorbed power (P) of molten salt working mediumabs) And heat loss power (P)los) Where d is the absorptivity of the heat absorption pipe of the molten salt heat absorber 5, ρ is the reflectivity of the surface of the heat absorption pipe of the molten salt heat absorber 5, and ρ is 1 to α, the following relationship is given, since the transmissivity of the heat absorption pipe is negligible:
Pinc＝ρPinc+Pabs+Plos
αPinc＝Pabs+Plos
therefore, the molten salt heat absorption power can be obtained:
wherein Hout、HinThe enthalpy values of the molten salt at the inlet 5b and the outlet 5c of the molten salt heat absorber 5 are respectively, and c is the specific heat capacity of the molten salt working medium:
(Hout-Hin)＝c(Tout-Tin)。
the radiation power of the heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5 in a specific time period is PincDisclosure of the inventionThe radiation power of the heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5 can be changed into chi P by adjusting the distance d between the radiation control disc 3a and the heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5incAnd chi is the ratio of the actual radiation power incident on the heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5 after the radiation control disc 3a is adopted to the radiation power when the radiation control disc 3a is not adopted, and is chi-chi (d) and chi is 0-1.
According to the solar radiation with respect to the local sun 12: 00, two are selected with respect to 12: 00 symmetrical time periods. In this embodiment, group a and group B are selected for comparison. Wherein:
group A: 11: 40-12: 00, adjusting the distance d between the radiation control disc 3a and the heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5 to be a, wherein the incident power is as follows:
Pinc，A＝χA·PincA
group B: 12: 00-12: 20, adjusting the distance d between the radiation control disc 3a and the heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5 to be b, wherein the incident power is as follows:
Pinc，B＝χB·PincB
thus, we obtain:
αχAPincA＝Pabs，A+Plos，A
αχBPincB＝Pabs，B+Plos，B
in consideration of the symmetry in time, the following relationship can be considered:
PincA＝PincB
when the temperature of the inlet and the outlet of the molten salt heat absorber 5 and the external conditions are unchanged, the temperature distribution on the surface of the molten salt heat absorber 5 is irrelevant to the radiation power received by the molten salt heat absorber 5 no matter how the mass flow of the working medium is changed, so the total heat loss power is unchanged. Therefore, there are:
Plos，A＝Plos，B＝Plos
then, it is possible to obtain:
therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
the thermal efficiency is then expressed as:
the efficiencies η of the two time segments can be determined separatelyA、ηBFurther, the overall efficiency may take its arithmetic average:
and obtaining the thermal efficiency of the molten salt heat absorber 5 under the corresponding environmental conditions.
It should be noted that the above test method requires a clear and cloudy sky during the test.
Third embodiment
The third embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing thermal efficiency of a molten salt heat absorber, which is a further improvement of the second embodiment, and the main improvement is that, in step S2 of the present embodiment, the distance d between the radiation control disk 3a and the heated surface 5a is kept unchanged, the radiation control disk 3a is rotated, and the angle a formed by the radiation control disk 3a and the heated surface 5a is adjusted.
Referring to fig. 9, the radiation power received by the heated surface 5a is changed by adjusting the angle a formed by the radiation control disc 3a and the plane of the heated surface 5 a.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the control group in which the radiation control disk 3a is not provided is also measured and corresponding data is obtained. The specific calculation steps are the same as those in the second embodiment, and are not described herein again. The radiation control disc 3a is then rotated to adjust the angle a between the radiation control disc 3a and the heated surface 5 a.
The radiation power of the heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5 in a specific time period is PincThe power incident on the heating surface 5a of the fused salt heat absorber 5 is changed into chi' P by adjusting the included angle A between the radiation control disc 3a and the heating surface 5aincWherein χ 'is the ratio of the actual radiation power incident on the heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5 after the radiation control disk 3a is adopted to the radiation power when the radiation control disk 3a is not adopted, and χ' is 0-1.
According to the solar radiation with respect to the local sun 12: 00, two are selected with respect to 12: 00 symmetrical time periods. For example:
group A: 11: 40-12: 00, where the angle a between the rotating radiation control disk 3a and the heated surface 5a is a', the incident power is:
Pinc，A＝χ′A·PincA
group B: 12: 00-12: 20, the angle a between the rotating radiation control disc 3a and the heated surface 5a is b', the incident power is:
Pinc，B＝χ′B·PincB
the thermal efficiency is then calculated according to the calculation method in the second embodiment. Similarly, in the present embodiment, the test is performed by the above-described test method, and the sky is required to be clear and cloudless.
Of course, in the present embodiment, the included angle a between the radiation control disk 3a and the heated surface 5a can be adjusted, and the distance d between the radiation control disk 3a and the heated surface 5a can be adjusted, so that a larger adjustment range of the radiation power can be obtained, and the accuracy of the test result can be improved.
Embodiment IV
The fourth embodiment of the utility model provides a fused salt heat absorber 5 thermal efficiency test method, and this embodiment is the improvement to second embodiment and third embodiment, and the main improvement lies in, in second and third embodiment, acquiescence group A and group B time are 12 about local sun: 00 symmetry, when the sky is clear and cloudless, the solar radiation (DNI) values are the same, and thus P is consideredincA＝PincB. In fact, the requirement of the weather condition is relatively strict, and slight cloud shielding and scattering of particles such as atmospheric dust are considered in the embodiment, so that the influence of weather condition fluctuation on the test result can be reduced by the test method provided by the embodiment.
Because the test system has smaller scale, a radiometer is additionally arranged beside the eyepiece for monitoring the DNI change in real time, and finally, the measurement data of the radiometer is subjected to integration time averaging to obtain the actual solar radiation average DNI value. Calculating the obtained average DNI value and the obtained radiation value DNI according to astronomical data corresponding to the latitude of the location0Ratio of valuesThat is to say that the first and second electrodes,
wherein,less than 1.
Under ideal weather conditions, the ideal radiation power P of the heated surface 5a of the heat absorber 5 in a specific time period isincBy measuring actual DNI and adjusting the distance d between the radiation control disc 3a and the heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5 or the included angle A between the radiation control disc and the plane of the heating surface 5a, the power incident on the heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5 is changed into
According to the solar radiation with respect to the local sun 12: 00, two are selected with respect to 12: 00 symmetrical time periods. For example:
group A: 11: 40-12: 00, adjusting the distance d between the radiation control disc 3a and the heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5 to be a ", wherein the incident power is as follows:
group B: 12: 00-12: 20, adjusting the distance d between the radiation control disc 3a and the heating surface 5a of the molten salt heat absorber 5 to be b ", wherein the incident power is as follows:
the remaining steps are identical to those of the second embodiment.
Finally, the following relationship is obtained:
similarly, when the temperature of the inlet 5b and the outlet 5c of the molten salt heat absorber 5 and the external conditions are not changed, the temperature distribution of the surface of the molten salt heat absorber 5 is irrelevant to the radiation power received by the molten salt heat absorber 5 no matter how the mass flow of the working medium is changed, so the total heat loss power is not changed. Therefore, there are:
Plos，A＝Plos，B＝Plos
then, it is possible to obtain:
therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
thereby obtaining:
the efficiencies η of the four time segments can be determined separatelyA、ηBFurther, the overall efficiency may take its arithmetic average:
the thermal efficiency of the molten salt heat sink 5 is derived taking into account DNI variations.
Fifth embodiment
The utility model discloses a fourth embodiment provides a fused salt heat absorber thermal efficiency test method, and this embodiment is the further improvement to any one of second, third and fourth embodiment, and the main improvement lies in, in aforementioned second, third, the arbitrary test scheme of fourth, except aforementioned necessary test procedure, in whole test procedure, can also adjust the operating condition of fan, change the air flow rate near fused salt heat absorber 5. In addition, in consideration of seasonal changes, the air sent by the fan can be heated or cooled by the temperature regulator, so that weather conditions corresponding to different seasons are simulated, and the heat efficiency of the heat absorber under different external environmental conditions is obtained.
The specific calculation procedure is the same as that of the second embodiment.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that in the embodiments described above, numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, the technical solutions claimed in the claims of the present application can be basically implemented without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the above-described embodiments. Accordingly, in actual practice, various changes in form and detail may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a fused salt heat absorber thermal efficiency test system for test tower solar photothermal power fused salt heat absorber thermal efficiency, its characterized in that includes: an optical path system, a thermal loop system and a measurement system;
the thermal loop system comprises a receiving tower for converting energy in the optical path system;
the receiving tower is provided with a receiving window, a molten salt heat absorber is arranged at the receiving window, and the shape of the receiving window corresponds to the shape of a heating surface of the molten salt heat absorber;
the heat loop system also comprises a molten salt pump, and the molten salt pump is connected with the molten salt heat absorber through a pipeline and can adjust the flow of a molten salt working medium in the heat loop system;
the light path system comprises an illumination controller, a heliostat field and a reflector;
the receiving tower is arranged between the heliostat field and the reflecting mirror, and the heliostat field reflects light rays onto the reflecting mirror; the reflector is used for reflecting light rays to the receiving window, and the illumination controller is arranged between the reflector and the receiving tower and can adjust the radiation power on the heating surface of the molten salt heat absorber;
the measuring system comprises a device for measuring the thermal efficiency of the thermal loop system and the optical path system and an external device.
2. The molten salt heat absorber thermal efficiency testing system of claim 1, wherein the mirror comprises a secondary parabolic mirror, the illumination controller and the receiving window being disposed along a direction of an optical axis of the secondary parabolic mirror; the illumination controller includes a radiation control disk, and the radiation control disk is movable between the receiving window and the secondary parabolic mirror in a direction of the optical axis of the secondary parabolic mirror, and the radiation control disk and the receiving window are respectively disposed on both sides of a focal point of the secondary parabolic mirror.
3. The molten salt heat absorber thermal efficiency testing system of claim 2, wherein the radiation control disk is mounted parallel to and rotatable about a rotational axis of the receiving tower.
4. The molten salt heat absorber thermal efficiency testing system of claim 2 or 3, wherein the radiation control disk is provided with a circulating cooling water channel and cooling water inlets and outlets.
5. The molten salt heat absorber thermal efficiency testing system of claim 1, wherein a light-confining baffle is disposed at an edge of the receiving window for reflecting light on the receiving window.
6. The system for testing the thermal efficiency of the molten salt heat absorber according to any one of claims 1-3 or 5, wherein an air duct is arranged at the edge of the receiving window, and a fan communicated with the air duct is arranged in the receiving tower.
7. The system for testing the thermal efficiency of the molten salt heat absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that a thermal insulation device is further arranged on one side of the molten salt heat absorber, which is not irradiated by light reflected by the secondary parabolic reflector.
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| CN110953736A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-04-03 | 浙江大学 | System and method for testing thermal efficiency of molten salt heat absorber |
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| CN110953736A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-04-03 | 浙江大学 | System and method for testing thermal efficiency of molten salt heat absorber |
| CN110953736B (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2024-05-07 | 浙江大学 | Fused salt heat absorber thermal efficiency test system and test method |
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