CN208855641U - Leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck and the bogie for rail truck - Google Patents
Leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck and the bogie for rail truck Download PDFInfo
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- CN208855641U CN208855641U CN201821176325.5U CN201821176325U CN208855641U CN 208855641 U CN208855641 U CN 208855641U CN 201821176325 U CN201821176325 U CN 201821176325U CN 208855641 U CN208855641 U CN 208855641U
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Abstract
The utility model offer has the excellent in strength relative to up and down direction load, and the leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck for also having higher-strength relative to torsional load and the bogie for rail truck as basic performance.In the leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck between the upper layer and lower layer formed by FRP configured with sandwich layer, the decline of the leaf spring performance caused by the slight crack of sandwich layer and the lost of life can be prevented.Leaf spring has at least one long size shape FRP structure, and FRP structure includes multiple main UD pieces that continuous fiber carries out orientation using the length direction of leaf spring as single alignment direction；Direction that the angle in 5 ° or more 10 ° or less ranges obtains tilted as single alignment direction with width direction of the continuous fiber using relative length direction towards leaf spring carried out at least one secondary UD piece of orientation；The main UD piece of specified quantity is laminated in the up-down direction and forms main UD laminate, and secondary UD piece is laminated in main UD laminate in the plate thickness direction of leaf spring.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck and for the bogie of rail truck.
Background technique
If patent document 1 discloses the bogie for rail truck, the leaf spring extended in vehicle lengthwise direction is arranged
In the vehicle lengthwise direction supported in the vehicle lengthwise direction both ends of bogie frame, leaf spring by axle box, and pass through leaf spring
The crossbeam of centre portion support bogie frame.
As an example, by FRP(fiber reinforced polymer；Fibre reinforced plastics) formed upper layer
And sandwich layer is configured between lower layer, to constitute leaf spring.As another example, upper layer and lower layer have UD(uni-
directional；Unidirectionally) layer, described UD layers is to match continuous fiber using vehicle lengthwise direction as single alignment direction
To UD layer.By using such leaf spring, curb girder can be omitted and realize the lightweight of bogie frame, and can simplified
The assembling operation of bogie.
Existing technical literature:
Patent document:
Patent document 1: 2013/038673 bulletin of international publication number.
Utility model content
Utility model will solve the problems, such as:
For leaf spring, basic performance is should have excellent intensity relative to up and down direction load, but use lifting
In the presence of the risk by torsional load whens machine slings bogie etc..Also, in leaf spring, when what sandwich layer generation upper and lower upwardly extended splits
When trace, slight crack is developed to upper layer or lower layer, thus short-life risk that contracts there are the decline of the performance of leaf spring.
Therefore, the first of the utility model is designed to provide a kind of opposite up and down direction load having as basic performance
The excellent in strength of lotus, while also having relative to torsional load the leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck of higher-strength.
Also, second purpose of the utility model is to be configured with the use of sandwich layer between the upper layer and lower layer formed by FRP
In the leaf spring of configuration in railroad truck, the decline of leaf spring performance caused by the slight crack in sandwich layer and service life contracting are prevented
It is short.
The means solved the problems, such as:
Has at least one long size shape according to the leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck of one form of the utility model
FRP structure, the FRP structure have: continuous fiber carries out orientation using the length direction of the leaf spring as single alignment direction
Multiple main UD pieces；5 ° or more have been tilted with continuous fiber with the width direction of relatively described length direction towards the leaf spring
The direction that angle in 10 ° or less ranges obtains carries out at least one secondary UD piece of orientation as single alignment direction；It is described more
The main UD piece of specified quantity is laminated in above-below direction and forms main UD laminate in a main UD piece, and the secondary UD piece is towards the plate
The plate thickness direction of spring is laminated in the main UD laminate.
According to above structure, continuous fiber is made to carry out the stated number of orientation using leaf spring length direction as single alignment direction
The main UD piece of long size shape of amount is laminated in above-below direction forms main UD laminate, can by the main UD laminate
Obtain the excellent in strength of the opposite up and down direction load as basic performance.Moreover, secondary UD piece is to make continuous fiber with opposite plate
The width direction of spring has tilted the direction that the angle in 5 ° or more 10 ° or less ranges obtains and has carried out orientation as single alignment direction
It obtains, the secondary UD piece is laminated relative to main UD laminate in the plate thickness direction of leaf spring, to obtain relative to torsion
Reprint the higher intensity of lotus.
Preferably, the overall thickness size of the part in the FRP structure configured with the multiple main UD piece is greater than the FRP
The overall thickness size of part configured at least one secondary UD piece in structure.
Preferably, at least one described secondary UD piece includes multiple secondary UD pieces, at least a pair in the multiple secondary UD piece
Secondary UD piece clips the main UD laminate on the plate thickness direction.
Preferably, the multiple secondary UD piece includes the first secondary UD piece and the second secondary UD piece of identical quantity；Described first is secondary
In UD piece, continuous fiber is to have tilted 5 ° or more 10 ° or less models towards the width direction side relative to the length direction
The direction that angle in enclosing obtains carries out orientation as single alignment direction；In the second secondary UD piece, continuous fiber is with opposite
The direction that the angle in 5 ° or more 10 ° or less ranges obtains has been tilted towards the width direction other side in the length direction
Orientation is carried out as single alignment direction.
Preferably, the section of the continuous fiber of the main UD piece is located at the length direction end face of the main UD piece, described
The section of the continuous fiber of secondary UD piece is located at the width side of the secondary UD piece.
Preferably, the leaf spring is also equipped with sandwich layer；The FRP structure of at least one long size shape be laminated in it is described
The upper layer of the plate thickness direction side of sandwich layer and be laminated in the sandwich layer the plate thickness direction other side lower layer in extremely
A few side.
Preferably, at least one party in the upper layer and the lower layer has and is configured near the part of the sandwich layer
Barrier layer；The barrier layer includes having tilted 40 ° or more with the width direction of relatively described length direction towards the leaf spring
The direction that angle in 50 ° or less ranges obtains carries out the continuous fiber of orientation.
Also, there is a pair of long size shape according to the leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck of another form of the utility model
FRP structure, and the leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck has: sandwich layer；It is laminated in the leaf spring of the sandwich layer
Plate thickness direction side, the upper layer as the side in the pair of FRP structure；With the plate thickness direction for being laminated in the sandwich layer
The other side, the lower layer as another party in the pair of FRP structure；The upper layer and the lower layer include continuous fiber
The UD layer of orientation is carried out using the length direction of the leaf spring as single alignment direction；With comparing described UD layers close to the core
Layer side, is laminated in UD layers of the barrier layer on the plate thickness direction of the leaf spring；In the barrier layer, first is continuous
Fiber has been tilted in 40 ° or more 50 ° or less ranges with the width direction side of the relatively described length direction towards the leaf spring
The direction that angle obtains carries out orientation, and the second continuous fiber is another with the width direction of relatively described length direction towards the leaf spring
Side has tilted the direction that the angle in 40 ° or more 50 ° or less ranges obtains and has carried out orientation.
It, can be continuous fine by the first of UD layers of continuous fiber and barrier layer in upper layer and lower layer according to above structure
Dimension and the second continuous fiber are intersected with 40 ° or more 50 ° of abundant angles of following range of.Therefore, in the core towards upper and lower
When direction generates slight crack, thing in UD layers of barrier layer can be laminated in the plate thickness direction of leaf spring close to sandwich layer side compared to UD layers
The case where first blocking the slight crack to develop across UD layers of continuous fiber gap towards up and down direction.
Preferably, there are the sandwich layer the multiple layers extended in the length direction to be laminated and shape in the width direction
At stepped construction.
Preferably, the barrier layer has the fabric knot being made of first continuous fiber and second continuous fiber
Structure.
Preferably, the part near the sandwich layer of at least one party configures in the upper layer and the lower layer
State barrier layer.
The utility model also provides a kind of bogie for rail truck, has: extending in the vehicle width direction and prop up
Hold the crossbeam of the vehicle body of rail truck；The vehicle lengthwise direction two sides for rotatably freely supporting to be configured at the crossbeam are accommodated respectively
Axle bearing a pair of of axle box；The leaf spring of configuration in railroad truck is used for any of the above-described kind；It is described to be used for rail truck
Form configuration of the leaf spring of bogie to extend in vehicle lengthwise direction, and with the both ends of its vehicle lengthwise direction by institute
It states the state that a pair of of axle box is supported and supports the crossbeam.
Preferably, the both ends of the leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck are to be not secured to the pair of axle box
State be supported.
The effect of invention:
According to the utility model, it is capable of providing the excellent in strength with the opposite up and down direction load as basic performance,
And the leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck of relative torsion load also intensity with higher.
Also, being used for railway carriage configured with sandwich layer between the upper layer and lower layer formed by FRP according to the utility model
In the leaf spring of bogie, can prevent because result from sandwich layer slight crack caused by leaf spring performance reduction and the contracting in service life
It is short.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the side view according to the configuration in railroad truck of implementation form；
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of leaf spring in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the exploded view of leaf spring in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 be from from length direction in Fig. 1 leaf spring vertical cross-sectional view；
Fig. 5 is the figure of state when showing manufacture Fig. 2 at the middle and upper levels；
Fig. 6 is the perspective view for showing the prepreg stack for being pressurized heating under reduced pressure；
Symbol description:
1 configuration in railroad truck；
4 crossbeams；
5 axles；
7 bearings；
8 axle boxes；
10 leaf springs；
The vehicle lengthwise direction end of 10c leaf spring；
15 upper layers；
16 lower layers；
17 sandwich layers；
20 main UD pieces；
21 secondary UD pieces；
21a the first secondary UD piece；
21b the second secondary UD piece；
22 main UD laminates；
26 UD layers main (UD layers)；
28 barrier layers；
50 vehicle bodies.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, being described with reference to implementation form.
Fig. 1 is the side view according to the configuration in railroad truck 1 of implementation form.As shown in Figure 1, configuration in railroad truck 1
Has bogie frame 3, the bogie frame 3 passes through the vehicle body that rail truck is supported as the air spring 2 of secondary suspension
50.Bogie frame 3 has the crossbeam 4 for extending towards vehicle width direction and supporting vehicle body 50, but does not have in the vehicle width side of crossbeam 4
The curb girder extended to both ends towards front-rear direction, that is, vehicle lengthwise direction.
Air spring 2 is set to the upper surface of crossbeam 4.A pair of of axle is configured in the vehicle lengthwise direction two sides of crossbeam 4
5.Wheel 6 is fixed in the vehicle width direction two sides of axle 5.Axle 5 is revolved moreover, being provided in the vehicle width direction two sides of axle 5
Turn the bearing 7 supported freely；With a pair of of the axle box 8 for accommodating each bearing 7 respectively.The vehicle width direction both ends of crossbeam 4
A pair of of axle box 8 is connected to by bloster formula bindiny mechanism 9.
Leaf spring 10 is provided between crossbeam 4 and axle box 8.Form configuration of the leaf spring 10 to extend towards vehicle lengthwise direction,
The both ends 10c of its vehicle lengthwise direction supports crossbeam 4 with the state supported by a pair of of axle box 8.Leaf spring 10 is in length direction
Centre portion 10a from below elasticity support crossbeam 4 vehicle width direction both ends.Whereby, leaf spring 10 be provided simultaneously with a suspension function and
Existing curb girder function.
In this implementation form, when the lower part at the vehicle width direction both ends of crossbeam 4 is provided with and has from vehicle width direction
For the abutting member 11 of the lower surface 11a of arc-shaped, abutting member 11 is placed in the length direction central portion of leaf spring 10 from top
10a and with central portion 10a contact free.That is, state of the abutting member 11 leaf spring 10 not to be fixed in the up-down direction,
It is contacted using lower section load caused by the gravity from crossbeam 4 with the upper surface of leaf spring 10.
Support member 12 is installed in the upper end of axle box 8.The length direction both ends 10c of leaf spring 10 passes through support member
12 are supported by axle box 8 from below.The length direction both ends 10c of leaf spring 10, is placed in support member 12 from top, and pass through
From the lower section load of leaf spring 10 and the upper surface contact free of support member 12.Whereby, the length direction both ends of leaf spring 10
Portion 10c is supported in the state of being not secured to a pair of of axle box 8 by a pair of of axle box 8.
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of leaf spring 10 in Fig. 1.As shown in Fig. 1 and 2, in leaf spring 10, it is located in the direction length (X)
Extension 10b between centre portion 10a and length direction both ends 10c is tilted down in side view towards length direction central portion 10a,
The length direction central portion 10a of leaf spring 10 is located at the position for comparing the length direction both ends 10c of leaf spring 10 close to lower section.That is,
Leaf spring 10 is integrally formed into the bowed shape towards protrusion below direction plate thickness (Z) of leaf spring 10 in side view.Moreover, leaf spring 10 with
It is formed from length direction both ends 10c to the form that length direction central portion thickness gradually increases.
Fig. 3 is the exploded view of leaf spring 10 in Fig. 1.Leaf spring 10 has at least one (being a pair of in this implementation form) long size
Shape FRP structure.As shown in figure 3, specifically, leaf spring 10 has sandwich layer 17, as the upper layer of the side in a pair of of FRP structure
15 and as another party in a pair of of FRP structure lower layer 16.
The length direction of sandwich layer 17 towards leaf spring 10 extends.As an example, sandwich layer 17 is in side view its at least one
Distribution is placed on the position Chong Die with the middle position axis of leaf spring 10.Sandwich layer 17 has multiple layers that the length direction towards leaf spring 10 extends
24(is GFRP layers herein) stepped construction of formation is laminated on direction width (Y) of leaf spring 10 (referring to Fig. 4).
In this implementation form, thickness (Z) direction size of sandwich layer 17 is gradually reduced from length direction center towards both ends.Make
For an example, the minimum thickness direction size of sandwich layer 17 is greater than the thickness direction size of lower layer 16 and is less than the thickness on upper layer 15
Spend direction size.Moreover, the maximum gauge direction size of sandwich layer 17 is greater than the thickness direction size on upper layer 15, compare herein
The three times of the thickness direction size on upper layer 15 are also big.
Upper layer 15 is laminated in the side (being upper side herein) of sandwich layer 17 on the plate thickness direction of leaf spring 10.Lower layer 16 is laminated
In the other side (being lower side herein) of sandwich layer 17 on plate thickness direction.Upper layer 15 and lower layer 16 are towards the length side of leaf spring 10
To extension.In this implementation form, upper layer 15, lower layer 16 and sandwich layer 17 are continuously extended to from length direction one end of leaf spring 10
The other end.
As an example, the thickness direction size of upper layer 15 and lower layer 16 is uniform.The thickness direction on upper layer 15
Size is greater than the thickness direction size of lower layer 16.As an example, in this implementation form, the thickness direction size on upper layer 15 is big
In 2 times of the thickness direction size of lower layer 16.Also, the thickness direction size of upper layer 15 and lower layer 16 is less than the width of leaf spring 10
Direction size.
Upper layer 15 is adhered to the upper surface of sandwich layer 17 by adhesive layer 18, and lower layer 16 is adhered to sandwich layer 17 by adhesive layer 18
Lower surface.Adhesive layer 18 is formed by bonding agent.Adhesive layer 18 includes well known bonding agent.Adhesive layer 18 removed comprising bonding agent
It is also possible to acrylic acid series bonding agent, urethane adhesive or silicone resin system bonding other than epoxide resin adhesive
The reactions such as agent solidify resinoid bonding agent.
FRP structure possessed by leaf spring 10 is made of carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) in this embodiment, but unlimited
In this.FRP structure possessed by leaf spring 10 can be increased in addition to this by fiberglass reinforced plastics (GFRP), long glass fiber
Strong plastics (GMT), aramid fibre reinforced plastics (AFRP), boron fibre reinforced plastic (BFRP), polyethylene fibre enhancing
At least any one composition in plastics (DFRP), Chai Long (registered trademark) reinforced plastics (ZFRP) etc..Moreover, using CFRP
In the case where, as the carbon fiber of continuous fiber (reinforcing fiber), it can be any one in PAN system or asphalt series.
Moreover, in the case where upper layer 15 and lower layer 16 are made of FRP structure, upper layer 15 and lower layer 16 are included each
The material of continuous fiber can be identical, can not also be identical.
Fig. 4 is the vertical cross-sectional view of the slave length direction observation of leaf spring 10.Shown in Fig. 4 upper layer 15, adhesive layer 18 and
The partial cross section of each layer of sandwich layer 17.Multiple layers 24 in sandwich layer 17 are bonded by bonding agent.As shown in figure 4, adjacent layer 24 it
Between be formed with adhesive layer 19.Adhesive layer 19 is upwardly extended in the length direction and upper and lower of leaf spring 10.
In addition, sandwich layer 17 can be integrally formed without using bonding agent.In this case, sandwich layer 17 is formed as not having
The structure of adhesive layer 19.
Upper layer 15 and lower layer 16 have multiple main UD pieces 20 and at least one secondary UD piece 21.So-called UD piece herein
Refer to that the continuous fiber that reinforcing fiber function is played in FRP structure is substantially carried out prescribed direction as single alignment direction
The fibre plate of orientation.
In main UD piece 20, continuous fiber carries out orientation using the length direction of leaf spring 10 as single alignment direction.Secondary UD piece
In 21, continuous fiber is to have tilted 5 ° or more 10 ° or less ranges towards 10 width direction of leaf spring relative to 10 length direction of leaf spring
The direction that interior angle obtains carries out orientation as single alignment direction.In this implementation form, at least one above-mentioned secondary UD piece 21
Include multiple secondary UD pieces 21.
The section F1 of continuous fiber is located at the length direction end face of main UD piece 20 in main UD piece 20, continuous in secondary UD piece 21
The section F2 of fiber is located at the width side in secondary UD piece 21 (referring to Fig. 5).
In addition, in the inside of each UD piece 20,21, multiple continuous fibers can be fettered by auxiliary fiber.In this case, make
For an example, auxiliary fiber is relative to the quality ratio of continuous fiber less than 20% in FRP structure.
As shown in figure 4, upper layer 15 and lower layer 16 have at least one (multiple in this implementation form) main UD laminate
22.Main UD laminate 22 is that the main UD piece 20 of the specified quantity in multiple main UD pieces 20 is laminated in the up-down direction and constitutes.
As an example, so-called specified quantity is set to the value within the scope of several or even tens of herein, but is not limited to
This.
In leaf spring 10, secondary UD piece 21 is laminated in main UD laminate 22 on the plate thickness direction of leaf spring 10.Multiple secondary UD
At least a pair secondary UD piece 21 is configured in the form for clipping main UD laminate 22 on the plate thickness direction of leaf spring 10 in piece 21.
In the upper layer 15 of this implementation form and lower layer 16, the plate of multiple main UD laminates 22 and multiple secondary UD pieces 21 in leaf spring 10
It is alternately configured on thick direction.
The quantity of main UD laminate 22 in upper layer 15 and lower layer 16 can be suitably set, for example, it can be set to being
Value more than several within tens in range.In this implementation form, upper layer 15 includes more than ten of main UD laminate 22, lower layer
16 include several main UD laminates 22.That is, the quantity for the main UD laminate 22 that upper layer is included is included greater than lower layer 16
Main UD laminate 22 quantity.
In addition, a pair secondary UD piece 21 can also be made not clip main UD on the plate thickness direction of leaf spring 10 in leaf spring 10
The mode of laminate 22 configures.For example, it can be the masters for being located at 17 highest distance position of off-chip layer on 10 plate thickness direction of leaf spring
On the side opposite with 17 side of sandwich layer of UD laminate 22, it is laminated at least one secondary UD piece 21.Furthermore, it is also possible to by multiple
Secondary UD piece 21 is continuously laminated in main UD laminate 22 on the plate thickness direction of leaf spring 10.
In each layer of upper layer 15 and lower layer 16, the overall thickness direction size quilt of the part configured with multiple main UD pieces 20
It is set greater than the overall thickness direction size of the part in upper layer 15 and lower layer 16 configured at least one secondary UD piece 21.
Multiple secondary UD pieces 21 of this implementation form include the first secondary UD piece 21a and the second secondary UD piece 21b.First secondary UD piece
In 21a, continuous fiber has tilted 5 ° or more 10 ° or less with the width direction side of opposite 10 length direction of leaf spring towards leaf spring 10
The direction that angle in range obtains carries out orientation as single alignment direction.In second secondary UD piece 21b, continuous fiber is with opposite
What the angle that the width direction other side of 10 length direction of leaf spring towards leaf spring 10 has tilted in 5 ° or more 10 ° or less ranges obtained
Direction carries out orientation as single alignment direction.
When in other words, from the normal direction of the first secondary UD piece 21a, the continuous fiber of the first secondary UD piece 21a is, according to
From the length direction one end of leaf spring 10 towards another side with counterclockwise relative to the length direction of leaf spring 10 tilted 5 ° with
The direction that angle in upper 10 ° or less ranges obtains carries out orientation.
Also, when from the normal direction of the second secondary UD piece 21b, the continuous fiber of the second secondary UD piece 21b is, according to from plate
10 length direction one end of spring is towards another side to have tilted 5 ° or more 10 ° or less clockwise relative to 10 length direction of leaf spring
The direction that angle in range obtains carries out orientation.In this implementation form, multiple secondary UD pieces 21 include the first pair of identical quantity
UD piece 21a and the second secondary UD piece 21b.
Moreover, upper layer 15 and each layer of lower layer 16 have main UD layer 26, secondary UD layer 27 and barrier layer 28.Main UD layer 26
It is the primary layer for constituting upper layer 15 and lower layer 16.Main UD layer 26 is to match continuous fiber using 10 length direction of leaf spring as single
The FRP layer that orientation is carried out to direction, is to be configured in resin by main UD laminate 22 and constituted in this embodiment.
Secondary UD layer 27 is the layer that main UD layer 26 is laminated on the plate thickness direction of leaf spring 10.Secondary UD layer 27 is to make continuous fiber
The side that the angle in 5 ° or more 10 ° or less ranges obtains has been tilted towards 10 width direction of leaf spring with opposite 10 length direction of leaf spring
It is to be configured at secondary UD piece 21 in resin and structure in this embodiment to the FRP layer for carrying out orientation as single alignment direction
At.
Upper layer 15 and lower layer 16 have total part of multiple main UD layers 26 as main structure, and have as secondary
Total part of multiple secondary UD layers 27 of structure.By means of this, there is leaf spring 10 the opposite up and down direction as basic performance to carry
The intensity of lotus, at the same time relative torsion load also intensity with higher.
Inside sandwich layer 17 when slight crack occurs for the plate thickness direction of leaf spring 10, barrier layer 28 blocks slight crack to be developed in advance
Layer 15 or lower layer 16.Barrier layer 28, close to 17 side of sandwich layer, is being laminated in master on the plate thickness direction of leaf spring 10 compared to main UD layer 26
UD layer 26.
Barrier layer 28 is FRP layers, includes the first continuous fiber and the second continuous fiber.In barrier layer 28, make first
Continuous fiber has been tilted in 40 ° or more 50 ° or less ranges with opposite 10 length direction of leaf spring towards 10 width direction side of leaf spring
The obtained direction of angle carry out orientation, make the second continuous fiber with opposite 10 length direction of leaf spring towards leaf spring 10 at the same time
The width direction other side has tilted the direction that the angle in 40 ° or more 50 ° or less ranges obtains and has carried out orientation.First continuous fiber
And second continuous fiber play reinforcing fiber function.
In other words, when from the normal direction of barrier layer 28, the first continuous fiber is according to from the length side of leaf spring 10
To one end tilted counterclockwise towards another side direction that the first angle in 40 ° or more 50 ° or less ranges obtains into
Row orientation.As an example, first angle is 45 °.
Also, second continuous fiber is according to the length direction one from leaf spring 10 when from the normal direction of barrier layer 28
End side has tilted the direction that the second angle in 40 ° or more 50 ° or less ranges obtains clockwise towards another side and has been matched
To.As an example, second angle is 45 °.
The first continuous fiber and the second continuous fiber of barrier layer 28 according to tilted direction that the angle obtains into
Row orientation, therefore intersected relative to the continuous fiber of main UD layer 26 with the abundant angle in 40 ° or more 50 ° or less ranges.
The barrier layer 28 of this implementation form has the fabric construction being made of the first continuous fiber and the second continuous fiber.This
The barrier layer 28 of implementation form is at least one (being herein two) fabric fibre piece 23 configuration being made of the fabric construction
It is formed in resin.Fabric designated herein refers to well known to jersey fabric, oblique knitted fabric or berber etc.
The fabric of fabric tissue.
In addition, barrier layer 28 may not possess fabric fibre piece 23.In this case, barrier layer 28, which also can have, contains
Have the first continuous fiber first blocks UD piece and the second blocking UD piece containing the second continuous fiber.
That is, barrier layer 28 can have: when from the normal direction of barrier layer 28, the first continuous fiber is according to from leaf spring
The 10 lateral another sides in length direction one end are with respect to 10 length direction of leaf spring to have tilted the direction that first angle obtains counterclockwise
Carry out orientation as single alignment direction first blocks UD piece；When with from the normal direction of barrier layer 28, second is continuous
Fiber has tilted the with respect to 10 length direction of leaf spring according to from length direction one end side of leaf spring 10 to another side clockwise
The direction that two angles obtain carries out the second blocking UD piece of orientation as single alignment direction.
Herein, first angle and second angle can be identical, can not also be identical.In first angle and second jiao
It spends in identical situation, first angle and second angle for example can be any one in 40 °, 45 ° or 50 °.Also,
Under one angle and the different situation of second angle, such as first angle is any one angle in 40 °, 45 ° or 50 °,
And second angle is angle different from first angle in 40 °, 45 ° or 50 °.
Moreover, the barrier layer 28 of this implementation form is configured in upper layer 15 and lower layer 16 near the part of sandwich layer 17.
As long as at least one party has barrier layer 28 in upper layer 15 and lower layer 16.
When manufacturing upper layer 15 and lower layer 16, multiple prepregs (FRP piece) is laminated on the plate thickness direction of leaf spring 10, often
When the prepreg of specified quantity has been laminated, to prepreg stack 150(referring to Fig. 6) pressurized, heated is carried out under reduced pressure.
As an example, Fig. 5 is the figure for showing Fig. 2 15 form when being manufactured at the middle and upper levels.As shown in figure 5, upper layer 15 is by leaf spring
The multiple prepregs being laminated on 10 plate thickness directions are constituted.Multiple prepregs include multiple main prepregs 30, at least one (this implementation
It is multiple in form) secondary prepreg 31 and at least one block prepreg 32.
Main prepreg 30 forms main UD piece 20 containing resin pickup.Secondary prepreg 31 is to make secondary UD piece 21 containing resin pickup
And formed.Secondary prepreg 31 includes the first pair prepreg 31a comprising the first secondary UD piece 21a and comprising the second secondary UD piece
The secondary prepreg 31b of the second of 21b.Prepreg 32 is blocked to form fabric fibre piece 23 containing resin pickup.Be impregnated in piece 20,
21 and 23 resin is epoxy resin, is also possible to other resins, such as can be polyimides, phenolic aldehyde, bismaleimide
The heat-curing resins such as amine, polyimides or vinyl esters.
The first pair prepreg 31a and the second pair prepreg 31b in a pair is configured in the form of following: in the plate of leaf spring 10
The main prepreg formed and the main prepreg 30 of specified quantity is laminated towards 10 plate thickness direction of leaf spring is clipped on thick direction
Laminated body.In this implementation form, the first pair prepreg 31a and the second pair prepreg 31b are pressed from both sides on the plate thickness direction of leaf spring 10
Each main prepreg stack and alternately configure.In addition, in the secondary prepreg 31b of the first pair prepreg 31a and second at least
One side can also continuously configure on the plate thickness direction of leaf spring 10.
When manufacturing upper layer 15 and lower layer 16, prepreg 32 is blocked to be configured in upper layer 15 and lower layer 16 near core
The position of 17 side of layer, main prepreg 30 and secondary prepreg 31 are laminated in and block prepreg 32 in this state.Multiple prepregs
30~32 are pressurized heating under reduced pressure to realize integration.
In addition, lower layer 16 can be manufactured by method identical with upper layer 15, but compared to upper layer 15, main prepreg 30
With the negligible amounts of secondary prepreg 31.Moreover, as the method that multiple prepregs are carried out with pressurized, heated under reduced pressure, such as can
To enumerate vacuum bag method, but not limited to this, such as it is also possible to autoclave method.
Fig. 6 is the perspective view for showing the prepreg stack 150 of the lower pressurized heating of decompression.In usual prepreg stack
There are be mixed into some air between adjacent prepreg.At least part of the air can be in each prepreg under decompression
It is discharged when pressurized heating along the alignment direction of continuous fiber.Herein, it is mixed into the length direction of prepreg stack
Air in both ends is easy to be discharged since discharge path is shorter, however is mixed into the length direction center of prepreg stack
Interior air is difficult to be discharged since discharge path is longer.
As shown in fig. 6, relative to above situation, in this embodiment, the section F1 of continuous fiber in main UD piece 20
Positioned at the length direction end face of main UD piece 20, the section F2 of continuous fiber is located at the width direction of secondary UD piece 21 in secondary UD piece 21
Side.Therefore, UD piece 20, UD are configured in the length direction both ends of the surface of prepreg stack 150 and width direction both ends of the surface
The fibre section of piece 21.
By means of this, it is mixed into the air in the length direction center of prepreg stack 150 and connects in secondary UD piece 21
The alignment direction of continuous fiber moves in discharge path, to be easy to be discharged from the width side of secondary UD piece 21.In addition,
It not only include the air being mixed between adjacent prepreg from the air being discharged in prepreg stack 150, also comprising being mixed into
Air to each prepreg.
As described above, when carrying out pressurized, heated to prepreg stack 150 under reduced pressure, air is from prepreg stack
150 inside is efficiently discharged along the alignment direction of continuous fiber in each UD piece 20,21.Therefore, it is tied in the FRP of leaf spring 10
In structure, it is able to suppress the internal flaw occurred because being mixed into air, so as to inhibit the yield rate when manufacturing leaf spring 10
It reduces, and is able to suppress the rising of production cost.
Moreover, by configuring multiple main UD pieces 20 and multiple secondary UD pieces 21 in prepreg stack 150, so as to set
The air discharge path along multiple and different directions is set, can further increase and air is discharged inside prepreg stack 150
Effect.
In prepreg stack 150, as described above, in order to obtain well by each UD piece 20,21 realize from pre-
Soak bed of material stack 150 inside be discharged air effect, preferably prepreg stack 150 include at least one each 20,
In the state of 21, pressurized, heated is carried out under reduced pressure to prepreg stack 150.As described above, by preset quantity
Prepreg 30~32 is laminated, and carries out pressurized, heated to it under reduced pressure, to produce upper layer 15 and lower layer 16.
The example using multiple prepregs 30~32 manufacture upper layer 15 and lower layer 16 in addition, this implementation form is passed the imperial examinations at the provincial level out,
But the manufacturing method of upper layer 15 and lower layer 16 is without being limited thereto.As upper layer 15 and other manufacturing methods of lower layer 16, example
Such as enumerate resin transfer molding method (RTM), the vacuum-assisted resin transfer method of forming (VARTM) resin injection molding method
(RIM).Moreover, the manufacturing method of upper layer 15 and lower layer 16 can be different.
Herein, when manufacture has the leaf spring of FRP structure, in order to efficiently obtain in leaf spring relative to up and down direction
The intensity of load, it may be considered that only contain the continuous fiber using leaf spring length direction as single alignment direction as reinforcing fiber
FRP structure, but when leaf spring is by torsional load there are leaf spring generate slight crack equivalent damage worry.
As measure, it may be considered that produce and contain as reinforcing fiber to improve the leaf spring intensity of relative torsion load
There is the FRP structure for the continuous fiber that orientation is carried out with multiple directions, but in this case, the opposite up and down direction load of leaf spring
Intensity can reduce, it is difficult to leaf spring efficiently be designed, to increase and cause the rising of production cost there are the weight of leaf spring
Worry.
In contrast, according to the leaf spring 10 of this implementation form, by using 10 length direction of leaf spring as single alignment direction
The main UD lamella that the main UD piece 20 of long size shape that continuous fiber carries out the specified quantity of orientation is laminated in the up-down direction
Stack 22 obtains the excellent in strength of the opposite up and down direction load as basic performance.
Moreover, continuous fiber is obtained with having tilted the angle in 5 ° or more 10 ° or less ranges towards 10 width direction of leaf spring
Direction the secondary UD piece 21 of orientation is carried out as single alignment direction, the stacking of main UD piece is laminated on the plate thickness direction of leaf spring 10
Body 22, so that relative torsion load can also obtain higher intensity.Specifically, enhancing 10 width side of leaf spring by secondary UD piece 21
To intensity, and slight crack is inhibited to generate and develop towards width direction in leaf spring 10.
Moreover, the thickness direction of the part configured with multiple main UD pieces 20 is total in each layer of upper layer 15 and lower layer 16
Size is greater than the thickness direction overall size of the part in upper layer 15 and lower layer 16 configured at least one secondary UD piece 21, therefore
In leaf spring 10 can it is easy to ensure that the opposite up and down direction load as basic performance higher-strength, ensure at the same time opposite
The intensity of torsional load.
Moreover, at least a pair secondary UD piece 21 in plate thickness direction clips main UD laminate 22 in multiple secondary UD pieces 21, therefore
In leaf spring 10, by adjusting main UD piece 20 and the lamination order of secondary UD piece 21 in the up-down direction, it can be easily adjusted opposite
In the strength balance of up and down direction load and torsional load.
Moreover, multiple secondary UD pieces 21 contain the first secondary UD piece 21a and the second secondary UD piece 21b of identical quantity, therefore can
It is easy to prevent leaf spring 10 towards the circumferential direction torsion perpendicular to 10 length direction of leaf spring.
Moreover, the section F1 of main 20 continuous fiber of UD piece is located at the length direction end face of main UD piece 20, secondary UD piece 21 connects
The section F2 of continuous fiber is located at the width side of secondary UD piece 21, therefore when manufacturing leaf spring 10, can be by air from each
It is efficiently discharged inside UD piece 20,21 stepped constructions along the alignment direction of continuous fiber, so as to reduce because of air trapping
And cause FRP structure that internal flaw occurs.
Moreover, in leaf spring 10 at least one FRP structure be laminated in the plate thickness direction side of sandwich layer 17 upper layer 15 and
At least one party being laminated in the lower layer 16 of the plate thickness direction other side of sandwich layer 17, therefore have upper layer 15, lower layer 16 and core
The leaf spring 10 of layer 17 has the higher-strength of the opposite up and down direction load as basic performance, and relative torsion load also can
Obtain higher intensity.
Moreover, in the sandwich layer 17 of this implementation form, viscous in multiple layers 24, in the layer of layer 24 and between adjacent layer 24
It connects in layer 19, it may occur however that the case where slight cracks such as splitting extend on (the plate thickness direction of leaf spring 10) in above-below direction.Also, example
Such as by multiple layers 24 be laminated and pressurized, heated with this sandwich layer 17 of the integrally formed sandwich layer 17 without adhesive layer 19
In, it is also possible to there is a situation where slight cracks to extend in the up-down direction out of layer 24 layer.
It herein,, can be by the company of main UD layer 26 in upper layer 15 and lower layer 16 according to the leaf spring of this implementation form 10
The first continuous fiber and the second continuous fiber of continuous fiber and barrier layer 28 are with the abundant angle in 40 ° or more 50 ° or less ranges
Degree is intersected.
Therefore, when slight crack occurs towards up and down direction in sandwich layer 17, between the continuous fiber that main UD layer 26 is passed through for slight crack
The case where gap develops in the up-down direction, can by than main UD layer 26 close to 17 side of sandwich layer on 10 plate thickness direction upper layer of leaf spring
The barrier layer 28 for being laminated on main UD layer 26 is blocked in advance.Therefore it can prevent to be developed to upper layer 15 in the slight crack of sandwich layer 17
Or lower layer 16 and cause 10 performance of leaf spring decline and 10 lost of life of leaf spring.
Moreover, the structure regardless of sandwich layer 17, all there may be between sandwich layer 17 and barrier layer 28 slight crack towards upper
The case where lower direction generates.In this case, it can also be prevented by barrier layer 28 between sandwich layer 17 and barrier layer 28
Slight crack the case where being developed to upper layer 15 or lower layer 16.
Alternatively, it is also possible to be, at least any one party has main UD laminate 22 as the in upper layer 15 and lower layer 16
One main UD laminate, and there are the multiple second main UD laminates different from the first main UD laminate.Second is main
UD laminate is to constitute multiple main UD pieces 20 in the stacking of the plate thickness direction of leaf spring 10.Each second main UD laminate institute
The quantity for the main UD piece 20 for including is different.
On the plate thickness direction of leaf spring 10, each second main UD laminate with clip the form of at least one secondary UD piece 21 into
Row configuration.When configuring the multiple second main UD laminates on leaf spring 10, for example, can by the multiple second main UD laminates with
Following form is configured: with sandwich layer 17 is upwardly away from 10 plate thickness side of leaf spring, being contained in the second main UD laminate
Main 20 quantity of UD piece gradually decreases.
By such multiple second main UD laminates, with the first main UD laminate (main UD laminate 22) and secondary UD
Piece 21 is combined use, so as to critically adjust relative to 10 intensity of leaf spring of up and down direction load and torsional load
Balance.
The utility model is not limited to above-mentioned implementation form, for its structure in the range of not departing from the utility model purport
It can change, increase or delete.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck, which is characterized in that have the FRP structure of at least one long size shape,
The FRP structure includes
Continuous fiber carries out multiple main UD pieces of orientation using the length direction of the leaf spring as single alignment direction；With
Continuous fiber has tilted 5 ° or more 10 ° or less ranges with the width direction relative to the length direction towards the leaf spring
The direction that interior angle obtains carries out at least one secondary UD piece of orientation as single alignment direction；
The main UD piece of specified quantity is laminated in above-below direction and forms main UD laminate in the multiple main UD piece, the secondary UD
Piece is laminated in the main UD laminate in the plate thickness direction of the leaf spring.
2. the leaf spring according to claim 1 for configuration in railroad truck, which is characterized in that
The overall thickness size of part in the FRP structure configured with the multiple main UD piece, which is greater than in the FRP structure, to be configured
There is the overall thickness size of the part of at least one secondary UD piece.
3. the leaf spring according to claim 1 or 2 for configuration in railroad truck, which is characterized in that
At least one described secondary UD piece includes multiple secondary UD pieces,
At least a pair secondary UD piece clips the main UD laminate on the plate thickness direction in the multiple secondary UD piece.
4. the leaf spring according to claim 3 for configuration in railroad truck, which is characterized in that
The multiple secondary UD piece includes the first secondary UD piece and the second secondary UD piece of identical quantity；
In the first secondary UD piece, continuous fiber is to have tilted 5 ° towards the width direction side relative to the length direction
The direction that angle in above 10 ° or less ranges obtains carries out orientation as single alignment direction；
In the second secondary UD piece, continuous fiber relative to the length direction towards the width direction other side to tilt
The direction that angle in 5 ° or more 10 ° or less ranges obtains carries out orientation as single alignment direction.
5. the leaf spring according to claim 1 or 2 for configuration in railroad truck, which is characterized in that
The section of the continuous fiber of the main UD piece is located at the length direction end face of the main UD piece, the secondary UD piece it is continuous
The section of fiber is located at the width side of the secondary UD piece.
6. the leaf spring according to claim 1 or 2 for configuration in railroad truck, which is characterized in that
The leaf spring is also equipped with sandwich layer；
The FRP structure of at least one long size shape be the upper layer for being laminated in the plate thickness direction side of the sandwich layer, with
And be laminated in the sandwich layer the plate thickness direction other side lower layer at least one party.
7. the leaf spring according to claim 6 for configuration in railroad truck, which is characterized in that
At least one party in the upper layer and the lower layer, which has, is configured at the barrier layer near the part of the sandwich layer；
The barrier layer include tilted with the width direction of relatively described length direction towards the leaf spring 40 ° or more 50 ° with
The direction that angle in lower range obtains carries out the continuous fiber of orientation.
8. a kind of leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck, which is characterized in that
With a pair of long size shape FRP structure；
And have:
Sandwich layer；
It is laminated in the plate thickness direction side of the leaf spring of the sandwich layer, as one in the pair of long size shape FRP structure
The upper layer of side；With
It is laminated in the plate thickness direction other side of the sandwich layer, as another party in the pair of long size shape FRP structure
Lower layer；
The upper layer and the lower layer are included continuous fiber and are carried out using the length direction of the leaf spring as single alignment direction
The UD layer of orientation；With comparing described UD layers close to the sandwich layer side, be laminated in institute on the plate thickness direction of the leaf spring
State UD layers of barrier layer；
In the barrier layer, the first continuous fiber is rolled with the width direction one of the relatively described length direction towards the leaf spring
The tiltedly direction progress orientation that the angle in 40 ° or more 50 ° or less ranges obtains, the second continuous fiber is with the relatively described length side
The direction that the angle in 40 ° or more 50 ° or less ranges obtains is tilted to the width direction other side towards the leaf spring to carry out
Orientation.
9. the leaf spring according to claim 8 for configuration in railroad truck, which is characterized in that
The sandwich layer has the multiple layers extended in the length direction in the stacking knot that the width direction is laminated and is formed
Structure.
10. the leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck according to claim 8 or claim 9, which is characterized in that
The barrier layer has the fabric construction being made of first continuous fiber and second continuous fiber.
11. the leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck according to claim 8 or claim 9, which is characterized in that
The part near the sandwich layer of at least one party is configured with the barrier layer in the upper layer and the lower layer.
12. a kind of bogie for rail truck, which is characterized in that have:
Extend and support the crossbeam of the vehicle body of rail truck in the vehicle width direction；
The a pair for rotatably freely supporting to be configured at the bearing of the axle of the vehicle lengthwise direction two sides of the crossbeam is accommodated respectively
Axle box；With
The leaf spring of configuration in railroad truck is used for described in any one of claim 1 to 11；
Form configuration of the leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck to extend in vehicle lengthwise direction, and with its vehicle
The state that the both ends of length direction are supported by the pair of axle box supports the crossbeam.
13. the bogie according to claim 12 for rail truck, which is characterized in that
It is propped up with the state for being not secured to the pair of axle box at the both ends of the leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck
It holds.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017-143899 | 2017-07-25 | ||
| JP2017143899A JP6918406B2 (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2017-07-25 | Leaf springs for railroad car bogies and bogies for railroad cars |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN208855641U true CN208855641U (en) | 2019-05-14 |
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ID=65477431
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821176325.5U Active CN208855641U (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2018-07-24 | Leaf spring for configuration in railroad truck and the bogie for rail truck |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6918406B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN208855641U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113501022A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-10-15 | 南京工业大学 | Integral structure composite material plate spring for train bogie |
-
2017
- 2017-07-25 JP JP2017143899A patent/JP6918406B2/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-07-24 CN CN201821176325.5U patent/CN208855641U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113501022A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-10-15 | 南京工业大学 | Integral structure composite material plate spring for train bogie |
| CN113501022B (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2022-04-26 | 南京工业大学 | Integral structure composite material plate spring for train bogie |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6918406B2 (en) | 2021-08-11 |
| JP2019025946A (en) | 2019-02-21 |
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Effective date of registration: 20220616 Address after: Kobe City, Japan Hyogo Patentee after: Kawasaki Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd. Address before: Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan Patentee before: KAWASAKI JUKOGYO Kabushiki Kaisha |
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