CN208705273U - Wirerope nondestructive inspection sensing device based on multiloop excitation and image analysis - Google Patents
Wirerope nondestructive inspection sensing device based on multiloop excitation and image analysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN208705273U CN208705273U CN201821488855.3U CN201821488855U CN208705273U CN 208705273 U CN208705273 U CN 208705273U CN 201821488855 U CN201821488855 U CN 201821488855U CN 208705273 U CN208705273 U CN 208705273U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses the wirerope nondestructive inspection sensing devices based on multiloop excitation and image analysis, by guide wheel, axis, strut, screw, dissection type attachable sensor shell symmetrical above and below, wirerope through-hole, steel ring, wire through-hole, pole shoe, annular permanent magnet, liner body, Hall element array, field shaper, wirerope, 360 degree of visible image capturing heads, fixed frame composition.By wirerope to be measured by through-hole when work, sensing device passes through the mobile detection on a steel cord of front and back a pair of guide wheel.Combine image analysis as detection method using the detection of multiloop exciting electromagnet.Wirerope is magnetized using multiloop magnetization excitation.Make to reach certain magnetic induction intensity value in wirerope.Damage of steel cable classification and degree are judged by magnetic induction intensity difference in surrounding air when measuring steel wire rope is defective and zero defect.Meanwhile the visual pattern of 360 degree of visible image capturing head acquisition wirerope is transmitted to computer and carries out image analysis.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to defect in rope technical field of nondestructive testing, and in particular to be based on multiloop excitation and image analysis
Wirerope nondestructive inspection sensing device.
Background technique
Wirerope is usually to be wound on to be formed together stock by many single high-tensile steel wires, then restricted by several rope strands around one
Core is compiled around forming.It is high with intensity, elasticity is good, can absorb impact, overload capacity is strong, steady noiseless high speed operation
The advantages that.Important role is play in lifting, mine and ship equipment cargo handling operation.But it is difficult in its operation process
Exempt to be worn and very be broken, drastically influences the safety of field personnel.Therefore a kind of wirerope condition detecting device is developed
Become of crucial importance.
In existing wire rope standard, the nondestructive electromagnetic detection method based on magnetic flux leakage theory is generally acknowledged most practical detection side
Method.But influenced by wire rope standard environment and strand structure, existing Nondestructive detection with magnetic flux leakage method is difficult to reach wirerope
Expected saturated magnetization state.Its testing result reliability is low to be typically due to be protected from environmental and the swing of wirerope, is made
Wirerope uniform magnetization effect it is poor, magnetic saturation is not achieved in certain parts in wirerope, exports the signal of different amplitudes, causes
Follow-up signal quantitative judge is difficult.And detection device is heavy, volume is big, inconvenient detection mobile on a steel cord.
It is sensed in view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is devised based on the wirerope nondestructive inspection of multiloop excitation and image analysis
Device, the device is in practical operation, it is not necessary that wirerope is magnetized to saturation state, can not only reduce sensor bulk with again
Amount, facilitates the movement of sensor on a steel cord, and can obtain uniform magnetization field on a steel cord.Meanwhile using image point
Analysis system compares visual pattern and Magnetic testi signal, deeper into analysis wirerope damage status.In complicated work
High efficiency, high-precision, the detection effect of low False Rate are realized under condition environment.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to be in conjunction with image analysis with the detection of multiloop exciting electromagnet
Predominantly detect method.Make to reach certain magnetic induction intensity value in wirerope using multiloop excitation method, be lacked by measuring steel wire rope
It falls into and magnetic induction intensity difference realizes lossless judgement damage of steel cable classification and degree in surrounding air when zero defect；Then it adopts
Visual pattern is passed through into digital communication interface for image transmitting to computer with image analysis system, passes through MATLAB software pair
Acquisition image analyzed, compared with Magnetic testi signal, deeper into analysis wirerope damage status.Multiloop magnetization
Mode constitutes multiloop magnetization excitation using annular permanent magnet and magnetizes to wirerope, is collected using field shaper, homogenizing, guiding
The magnetic flux leakage of spatial distribution carries out data difference by Hall element array, measures an average magnitude of space magnetic flux leakage.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: being passed based on the wirerope nondestructive inspection of multiloop excitation and image analysis
Induction device, device overall diagram as shown in Figure 1, sectional view as shown in Fig. 2, outside drawing is as shown in Figure 5, it is characterised in that: by guide wheel
(1), axis (2), strut (3), screw (4), dissection type attachable sensor shell (5) symmetrical above and below, wirerope through-hole (6), steel
It encloses (7), screw (8), wire through-hole (9), pole shoe (10), annular permanent magnet (11), liner body (12), Hall element array (13),
Field shaper (14), wirerope (15), 360 degree of visible image capturing heads (16), fixed frame (17) composition；Wherein: guide wheel (1) can be
Wirerope is free to slide, is convenient for the traverse measurement on hanging wirerope, and the axis (2) by can adjust idler height is connected to strut
(3) on；Strut (3) is fixed by screw (4) and dissection type attachable sensor shell (5) symmetrical above and below；360 degree of visible lights are taken the photograph
As head (16) are fixed on the fixed frame (17) of sensing device；Detachable sensor shell (5) passes through steel ring (7) and screw (8)
It is fixed；Through-hole (6) is for placing wirerope to be detected；Through-hole (9), will suddenly for introducing power supply line and drawing signal wire
Your element measures magnetic field signal and is supplied to subsequent conditioning circuit；In sensor internal, to avoid skin effect, up and down using two pairs or so
Symmetrically, and the multiloop magnetization excitation of the identical annular permanent magnet of left and right pole orientation (11) composition carries out magnetic to wirerope (15)
Change；It is collected using field shaper (14), the magnetic flux leakage of homogenizing, guide space distribution, and is channeled to Hall element array (13)
Detection path in so that by Hall element array (13) measurement space magnetic flux leakage an average magnitude；Hall element array
(13) using the method for the double differential processing of arrangement；Meanwhile the vision figure of 360 degree of visible image capturing head (16) acquisition wirerope
Picture is compared visual pattern and Magnetic testi signal using image analysis system, deeper into analysis wirerope damage shape
Condition.
In the sensor structure, Hall element array (13) includes two column, I type Hall element array, respectively upper and lower
Semicircle respectively arranges a column；It is distance 5mm with wirerope, using the method for the double differential processing of arrangement, carries out data difference, phase
Compare processing, for detecting the variable quantity of wirerope sectional area.Each pair of Hall element, respectively all face-to-face or be placed back to back,
Then two paths of signals is subjected to difference, to greatly improve the interference free performance of detection accuracy and instrument.
In the sensor structure, field shaper (14) is uniformly distributed along wirerope circumferencial direction, is collected, is homogenized, being oriented to sky
Between the magnetic flux leakage that is distributed, be channeled in the detection path of Hall element array (13).
In the sensor structure, image analysis system block diagram is as shown in Figure 4: 360 degree of visible image capturing heads (16) pass through
Digital communication interface is by image transmitting to computer, using MATLAB software, first carries out binary conversion treatment to whole figure, if
Existing defects then obtain the defective locations centered on two white lines, then to image expansion processing, finally mention to Defect Edge
It takes.
In the sensor structure, multiloop excitation principle is as shown in Figure 3: obtaining defect information, first have to steel wire
Rope is magnetized.Excitation is carried out to wirerope using multiple fan-shaped splicing radial magnetizing modes, two annulars of wirerope or so are forever
Magnet poles direction is identical, so that establishing two magnetic fluxs respectively between wirerope (15), liner body (12) and annular permanent magnet (11)
The excitation parameter in circuit, two flux circuits is consistent, and the induction level of two magnetic circuits is equal, contrary.It is logical
Crossing the multiloop mode of magnetization makes to reach certain magnetic induction intensity value in wirerope.When wirerope zero defect, wirerope and its week
It encloses magnetic induction intensity value in air and is up to a stable state.When fracture of wire, abrasion equivalent damage occur for wirerope, it will beat
This stable state is broken, magnetic induction intensity value will change in wirerope surrounding air.By measuring steel wire rope defect and intact
Magnetic induction intensity difference judges damage of steel cable classification and degree in surrounding air when falling into.
When sensor passes through wirerope, multiloop excitation mechanism magnetizes wirerope, fracture of wire, abrasion of every wirerope etc.
The magnetic force line distortion that defect generates, forms the magnetic flux leakage spread to space, and the magnetic flux leakage of different defects is different.Adjacent wires
The magnetic flux leakage respectively generated of restricting can intersect again.To guarantee not missing inspection, the present invention detects wirerope using poly- magnetic technology
Magnetic flux leakage.
In the sensor structure, poly- Magnetic testi technology is by field shaper (14) Lai Shixian.Poly- magnetic technology principle is such as
Under: magnetic field B is redistributed after being acted on by field shaper (14), so that the magnetic line of force largely gathers former and later two end faces of Hall element.
Magnetic induction intensity in Hall element sensitive area is multiplied, thereon input/output relation are as follows:
VA(x)=kckhI[B(x)+B0] (1)
K in formulah--- indicate Hall element sensitivity coefficient；
kc--- indicate poly- magnetic system number；
I --- indicate Hall element work constant-current source；
B0--- indicate leakage inductance intensity between magnetizing field pole shoe；
Bx--- indicate fracture of wire magnetic flux leakage magnetic induction intensity；
In the sensor structure, Hall element testing principle are as follows: Hall element is one kind by matrix semiconductor film sheet material
Material constitutes and the detecting element based on the work of Hall effect principle, has externally-applied magnetic field vertical by it when being powered to Hall element
Direction, the element can generate Hall voltage, and the potential is directly proportional to electric current, magnetic field strength.In magnetic field, the Hall electricity of output
Pressure are as follows:
Wherein KhFor hall constant；IcFor the control electric current of input；B is the magnetic induction degree in magnetic field；For magnetic induction intensity
Direction and Hall element working face between angle.The vertical wirerope surface of Hall element will be placed, can be eliminatedTo suddenly
You can be obtained by formula in the influence of voltage, and when using certain control electric current, Hall voltage and magnetic induction intensity are directly proportional.Therefore
When being detected to magnetic flux leakage, the size of magnetic flux leakage can be judged according to the size of Hall voltage and then determines the defect of wirerope
Situation.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is to combine image analysis for detection side with the detection of multiloop exciting electromagnet
Method.Wherein, annular permanent magnet splices radial magnetizing mode using muti-piece sector, constitutes multiloop magnetization excitation and carries out to wirerope
Magnetization.The method can improve phenomena such as traditional parallel magnetization mode makes wirerope magnetization uneven.Pass through measuring steel wire rope
Magnetic induction intensity difference judges damage of steel cable classification and degree in surrounding air when defect and zero defect.This method does not need
Wirerope is magnetized to saturation state, it is also not high to material, the structural requirement of magnetizing assembly, can be reduced sensor bulk with again
Amount, and it is easy to realize the quantization of wirerope inside and outside defect in engineering.
Apparatus of the present invention two sides are equipped with height-adjustable a pair of of guide wheel, convenient for device in hanging wirerope in engineering
On traverse measurement, be convenient for measuring.
Sensor of the invention shell and internal structure are all made of split type structure symmetrical above and below, the structure it is easy to disassemble and
Sensor is adjusted, the on-line checking to wirerope is easy to implement.
The magnetic flux leakage that the present invention is collected using field shaper (14), homogenizing, guide space are distributed, and it is channeled to Hall member
In the detection path of part array (13), so that the number of the Hall element of arrangement on the one hand can be reduced；It on the other hand can be with
The noise when sensitivity of output signal is improved, is reduced trouble for subsequent pretreatment circuit design.
The Hall element array (13) that the present invention uses includes two column, I type Hall element array, each in upper and lower semicircle respectively
One column of arrangement；It is distance 5mm with wirerope, using the method for the double differential processing of arrangement.Each pair of Hall element, two elements face
Face is placed back to back, and two paths of signals is then carried out difference, so that eliminating thousand disturbs influence of the signal to detection signal, convenient for increasing
Big signal-to-noise ratio is to extract defect information.
The present invention is passed through image digital using the visual pattern of 360 degree of visible image capturing head (16) acquisition wirerope
Communication interface is uploaded to computer and is analyzed using MATLAB software.Visual pattern and Magnetic testi signal are compared, deeper into
Analysis wirerope damage status.
To sum up, the wirerope nondestructive inspection sensing device based on multiloop excitation and image analysis, measurement is convenient, convenient for taking
Band, and measuring accuracy is higher, has very strong innovative and practical value, there is good application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the wirerope nondestructive inspection sensing device structure diagram based on multiloop excitation and image analysis.
Fig. 2 is sensing device section detailed maps.
Fig. 3 is multiloop excitation principle schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the system block diagram of digital image analysis.
Fig. 5 is the wirerope nondestructive inspection sensing device appearance diagram based on multiloop excitation and image analysis.
Specific embodiment
Device overall diagram as shown in Figure 1, sectional view as shown in Fig. 2, outside drawing is as shown in Figure 5: based on multiloop excitation and
The wirerope nondestructive inspection sensing device of image analysis, by guide wheel (1), axis (2), strut (3), screw (4), subdivision symmetrical above and below
Formula sensor outer housing (5), wirerope through-hole (6), steel ring (7), screw (8), wire through-hole (9), pole shoe (10), annular permanent magnet
(11), liner body (12), Hall element array (13), field shaper (14), wirerope (15) composition, 360 degree of visible image capturing heads
(16) it is formed with fixed frame (17)；Wherein: left and right two annular permanent magnet (11) pole orientations are identical magnetized respectively after, with
Liner body (12), structure connects pole shoe (10) as shown in Figure 2, constitutes split type structure symmetrical above and below.Hall element array (13) packet
Containing two column, I type Hall element array, a column are respectively arranged in upper and lower semicircle respectively；It is distance 5mm with wirerope, using double cloth
The method for setting differential processing carries out data difference, phase bit comparison processing, for detecting the variable quantity of wirerope sectional area.It is each pair of
Hall element, respectively all face-to-face or be placed back to back, two paths of signals is then subjected to difference, to greatly improve detection accuracy
With the interference free performance of instrument, eliminates thousand and disturb influence of the signal to detection signal, increase signal-to-noise ratio to extract defect information.Poly- magnetic
Position is uniformly distributed device (14) along wirerope circumferencial direction as shown in Figure 2.Appeal element sticks together by seccotine, with
Sensor outer housing (5) forms the torus structure of dissection type up and down, and wherein shell is detachable.Guide wheel (1) is by can adjust guide wheel
The axis (2) of height is connected on strut (3)；Strut (3) passes through screw (4) and dissection type attachable sensor shell symmetrical above and below
(5) fixed；360 degree of visible image capturing heads (16) are fixed on the fixed frame (17) of sensing device；Detachable sensor shell (5)
It is fixed by steel ring (7) and screw (8)；Through-hole (6) is for placing wirerope to be detected；Through-hole (9) is for introducing electricity
Source line and extraction signal wire, measure magnetic field signal for Hall element and are supplied to subsequent conditioning circuit.
Operation schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1: in practical projects when, sensor outer housing is fixed by steel ring and screw, and
After guide wheel is installed, by wirerope to be measured by through-hole, sensing device is moved on a steel cord by front and back a pair of guide wheel,
It is detected.Wirerope is enclosed in the torus, symmetrical above and below using two pairs or so to avoid skin effect, and left and right
The identical annular permanent magnet of pole orientation (11) carries out excitation, schematic diagram to wirerope (15) using splicing radial magnetizing mode
As shown in figure 3, establish two flux circuits respectively between wirerope (15), liner body (12) and annular permanent magnet (11), two
The excitation parameter of flux circuit is consistent, and the induction level of two magnetic circuits is equal, contrary, constitutes multiloop magnetic
Change excitation to magnetize wirerope (15), makes to reach certain magnetic induction intensity value in wirerope.360 degree of visible image capturings simultaneously
Head (16) acquires the image of wirerope during device advances, and visual pattern and Magnetic testi signal are compared.Work as steel wire
When rope zero defect, magnetic induction intensity value is up to a stable state in wirerope and its surrounding air.When on wirerope go out
When the defects of existing fracture of wire, abrasion, the magnetic line of force that magnetization generates can be distorted, it will break this stable state, wirerope week
Enclosing magnetic induction intensity value in air will change.It is collected using field shaper (14), the magnetic flux leakage of homogenizing, guide space distribution,
And it is channeled in the detection path of Hall element array (13).Hall element array (13) is using the double differential place of arrangement
The method of reason, further improves measuring accuracy.It detects signal and supplies subsequent conditioning circuit by the through-hole on sensing device.It is logical
Magnetic induction intensity difference judges damage of steel cable classification and degree in surrounding air when crossing measuring steel wire rope defect and zero defect.
Meanwhile image analysis system block diagram as shown in Figure 4,360 degree of visible image capturing heads (16) will be schemed by digital communication interface
As being transmitted to computer, acquisition image is analyzed to obtain defect information, concrete operations using MATLAB software are as follows: first to whole
A figure carries out binary conversion treatment, the defective locations centered on two white lines is obtained, then to image expansion processing, finally to scarce
Fall into edge extracting.In conjunction with Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting and image analysis system, realize reach under complicated work condition environment high efficiency, high-precision,
The detection effect of low False Rate.
Claims (5)
1. the wirerope nondestructive inspection sensing device based on multiloop excitation and image analysis, by guide wheel (1), axis (2), strut
(3), screw (4), dissection type attachable sensor shell (5) symmetrical above and below, wirerope through-hole (6), steel ring (7), screw (8),
Wire through-hole (9), pole shoe (10), annular permanent magnet (11), liner body (12), Hall element array (13), field shaper (14), steel wire
It restricts (15), 360 degree of visible image capturing heads (16), fixed frame (17) composition；It is characterized by: two annular permanent magnets in left and right
(11) it sticks together with liner body (12), pole shoe (10), Hall element array (13) and field shaper (14), with subdivision symmetrical above and below
Formula attachable sensor shell (5) forms the torus structure of dissection type up and down, and wherein shell is detachable；Guide wheel (1) passes through can
The axis (2) of adjustment idler height is connected on strut (3), and strut (3) is detachably passed by screw (4) with dissection type symmetrical above and below
Sensor shell (5) is fixed；360 degree of visible image capturing heads (16) are fixed on the fixed frame (17) of sensing device；It is symmetrical above and below
Dissection type attachable sensor shell (5) is fixed by steel ring (7) and screw (8)；Wirerope through-hole (6) for place to
Hall element array (13) is measured magnetic field for introducing power supply line and drawing signal wire by the wirerope of detection, wire through-hole (9)
Signal is supplied to subsequent conditioning circuit；Combine image analysis as detection method using the detection of multiloop exciting electromagnet: up and down with two pairs or so
Symmetrically, and the identical annular permanent magnet of left and right pole orientation (11) splicing radial magnetizing mode carries out excitation to wirerope, constitutes
Multiloop magnetization excitation magnetizes wirerope (15)；Make to reach certain magnetic induction intensity value in wirerope；By measuring steel
Magnetic induction intensity difference realizes lossless judgement damage of steel cable classification and degree in surrounding air when cord defect and zero defect；
Meanwhile using the visual pattern of 360 degree of visible image capturing head (16) acquisition wirerope, image is passed by digital communication interface
It transports to computer and carries out image analysis.
2. the wirerope nondestructive inspection sensing device according to claim 1 based on multiloop excitation and image analysis,
Be characterized in that: field shaper (14) is uniformly distributed along wirerope circumferencial direction；It collects, the magnetic flux leakage of homogenizing, guide space distribution, and
It is channeled in the detection path of Hall element array.
3. the wirerope nondestructive inspection sensing device based on multiloop excitation and image analysis according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: Hall element array (13) includes two column, I type Hall element array, respectively arranges a column in upper and lower semicircle respectively；With
Wirerope is 5 mm of distance, using the method for the double differential processing of arrangement.
4. the wirerope nondestructive inspection sensing device based on multiloop excitation and image analysis according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that: establishing two flux circuits respectively between wirerope (15), liner body (12) and annular permanent magnet (11)；Two magnetic
The excitation parameter in logical circuit is consistent, and the induction level of two magnetic circuits is equal, contrary.
5. the wirerope nondestructive inspection sensing device based on multiloop excitation and image analysis according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: 360 degree of visible image capturing heads (16), by image transmitting to computer, are first schemed to entire by digital communication interface
Shape carry out binary conversion treatment, defect, then obtain the defective locations centered on two white lines if it exists, then to image expansion at
Reason finally extracts Defect Edge.
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| CN201821488855.3U CN208705273U (en) | 2018-09-12 | 2018-09-12 | Wirerope nondestructive inspection sensing device based on multiloop excitation and image analysis |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108776171A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-11-09 | 中国计量大学 | Steel wire rope nondestructive inspection sensing device based on multiloop excitation and image analysis |
| CN112649495A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-13 | 洛阳威尔若普检测技术有限公司 | Steel wire rope flaw detection device and method |
| CN112730602A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-30 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for detecting defects of hanging steel wires of front window sliding door of biological safety cabinet |
| CN113984884A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-01-28 | 广东省特种设备检测研究院中山检测院 | Magnetic induction flaw detection device suitable for different-interval steel wire rope sets |
| CN115420793A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-12-02 | 北京工业大学 | Magnetic flux leakage detection robot for full-section defects of cable-stayed bridge cable |
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2018
- 2018-09-12 CN CN201821488855.3U patent/CN208705273U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108776171A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-11-09 | 中国计量大学 | Steel wire rope nondestructive inspection sensing device based on multiloop excitation and image analysis |
| CN112730602A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-30 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for detecting defects of hanging steel wires of front window sliding door of biological safety cabinet |
| CN112730602B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2024-04-23 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for detecting defects of suspended steel wires of front window sliding door of biosafety cabinet |
| CN112649495A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-13 | 洛阳威尔若普检测技术有限公司 | Steel wire rope flaw detection device and method |
| CN113984884A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-01-28 | 广东省特种设备检测研究院中山检测院 | Magnetic induction flaw detection device suitable for different-interval steel wire rope sets |
| CN113984884B (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2024-05-10 | 广东省特种设备检测研究院中山检测院 | Magnetic induction flaw detection device suitable for steel wire rope groups with different pitches |
| CN115420793A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-12-02 | 北京工业大学 | Magnetic flux leakage detection robot for full-section defects of cable-stayed bridge cable |
| CN115420793B (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2024-06-04 | 北京工业大学 | Magnetic flux leakage detection robot for full section defect of cable-stayed bridge cable |
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Granted publication date: 20190405 Termination date: 20200912 |