CN208646855U - A kind of bottom door opening and closing mechanism, car body and hopper wagon - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of bottom door opening and closing mechanism, car body and hopper wagon, bottom door opening and closing mechanism includes: opening and closing lever, multiple connectors, two pieces of bottom door end plates, two flap seats, two effect levers, two lever round pins, two jam plates, two jam plate round pins and two bottom door lock pins；Car body includes: two side wall compositions, two headwall compositions, top cover composition and chassis composition, Liang Ge bottom door opening and closing mechanism, Liang Ge bottom door opening and closing mechanism is separately positioned on the two sides of car body, and bottom door opening and closing mechanism can open or close the bottom door plate that side is corresponded in chassis composition.The bottom door opening and closing mechanism is able to achieve the bottom door plate independence open and close control at left and right sides of car body, simplifies operating process, promotes rate of discharging.

Description

A kind of bottom door opening and closing mechanism, car body and hopper wagon

Technical field

The utility model relates to railway transportation technology field, in particular to a kind of bottom door opening and closing mechanism, car body and hopper wagon.

Background technique

Hopper wagon is widely used in mineral, grain, industrial chemicals etc. as one of railway transport vehicle common vehicle types The transport of bulk goods, hopper wagon is mainly by car body, bottom door opening and closing mechanism, top cover switching mechanism, brake apparatus, bogie group At.Car body is generally made of side wall, headwall forms, chassis forms, top cover forms and bottom door is formed and constituted, wherein bottom door composition Including central sill, crossbeam, end plate and bottom door plate, bottom door plate completes opening and closing movement by the driving of bottom door opening and closing mechanism, wherein Lap seal is used between the bottom door plate of car body two sides, the opening and closing of bottom door plate have sequence requirement, when bottom door opens unloading, only There is left side bottom door plate first to open, right side bottom door plate could be opened, when closing bottom door, after only right side bottom door plate is first shut, left side Bottom door plate can just be shut.

Bottom door opening and closing mechanism in the prior art carries out needing sequential control when the opening and closing of bottom door plate, reduces rate of discharging.

Utility model content

This application provides a kind of bottom door opening and closing mechanism, car body and hopper wagon, solves or part solves the prior art Indsole door open/close machine carries out the technical issues of needing sequential control when the opening and closing of bottom door plate, reduce rate of discharging.

This application provides a kind of bottom door opening and closing mechanisms, are used to open or close the bottom door plate of the chassis composition of car body, institute Stating bottom door opening and closing mechanism includes: opening and closing lever, multiple connectors, two pieces of bottom door end plates, two flap seats, two effect levers, two levers Round pin, two jam plates, two jam plate round pins and two bottom door lock pins, in which:

The chassis composition includes bottom door plate described in muti-piece funnel end plate and muti-piece；

Two flap seats are separately fixed in funnel end plate described in muti-piece positioned at described in two pieces of the body end portion position On funnel end plate；

The bottom door end plate is rotationally hung on the flap seat by pin shaft；

Two connectors in multiple connectors are separately fixed on two bottom door end plates, described in remaining Connector is fixedly connected by fixed plate with the bottom door plate；Each connector offers the handle hole of kidney ellipsoid；

The opening and closing lever is threaded through in the handle hole of multiple connectors, and can be lifted or be fallen along the handle hole Under；The opening and closing lever is located at the outside of the car body；

The middle part of the effect lever is rotatablely connected by the lever round pin and the bottom door end plate, the effect lever One end and it is described opening and closing lever end it is hinged；

The middle part of the jam plate is rotatablely connected by the jam plate round pin and the bottom door end plate, and one end of the jam plate is opened If groove, the other end of the jam plate is provided with latch hook portion, and the other end of the effect lever protrudes into the groove；

The bottom door lock pin is fixed on the funnel end plate, and the latch hook portion is set to the bottom door lock pin for hook；

Wherein, after the opening and closing lever is by external lifting force effect, the opening and closing lever is lifted and along the operation Hole moves up, and the effect lever is rotated around the lever round pin, drives the jam plate to rotate around the jam plate round pin, makes the lock Hook portion is lifted and is detached from the bottom door lock pin, then unlocks the jam plate.

Preferably, further including two extension springs, one end of the extension spring is fixed on the corresponding bottom door end plate On, the other end is fixedly connected with the groove ends of the corresponding jam plate；The pulling force of the extension spring is by the latch hook of the jam plate Subordinate is pressed on the bottom door lock pin.

Preferably, further include: preloading spring pre-tightens mandril and preloading spring seat, in which:

The preloading spring seat is fixedly connected with the funnel end plate；

One end of the preloading spring is fixedly connected with the preloading spring seat, the other end and described one end for pre-tightening mandril It is fixedly connected；

When the bottom door plate is closed, the other end for pre-tightening mandril is against the bottom door end plate, at this point, the preload Spring is in compressive state.

Preferably, further include: instruction lever, instruction round pin and indicator board, in which:

The instruction lever is rotatablely connected by instruction round pin and the funnel end plate；

The instruction lever includes first end and second end, and the gravitational moment of the first end is greater than the gravity of the second end Square, the first end is pressed against on the bottom door end plate under gravitational moment effect, in the bottom door plate opening procedure, described first End follows the overturning of the bottom door end plate and falls；

The indicator board is provided with opening mark and closes mark, after the bottom door plate fully opens, the second end It is raised to the corresponding position for opening mark, after the bottom door plate is closed, the second end drops to the corresponding closing The position of mark.

Preferably, further include: limited block is fixed on the funnel end plate, when the bottom door plate fully opens, The bottom door end plate turns to the position against the limited block.

Based on same inventive concept, present invention also provides a kind of car body, the car body include: two side walls composition, Two headwall compositions, top cover composition and chassis composition, which is characterized in that further include two bottom door opening and closing mechanisms, two institutes The two sides that bottom door opening and closing mechanism is separately positioned on the car body are stated, bottom door opening and closing mechanism can open or close the chassis group At the bottom door plate of middle corresponding side.

Preferably, the two sides of the car body are arranged in two side wall compositions；The side wall composition includes: to be fixed on Wallboard on the downside of bottom side rail and the muti-piece fixed with the bottom side rail on the floor of pillow pulling composition.

Preferably, chassis composition includes: multiple transverse ridges, multiple longitudinal ridges, bottom described in muti-piece funnel end plate and muti-piece Door-plate, in which:

Multiple transverse ridge parallel intervals are fixed between the bottom side rail of the car body two sides；The transverse ridge is apex angle Folded structure upward；

Wherein two pieces of lower sections for being separately fixed at headwall composition of funnel end plate described in muti-piece, remaining described funnel end Plate is fixed below the folded plate of the transverse ridge；

Multiple longitudinal ridges are separately fixed between the adjacent funnel end plate；The longitudinal ridge is the folded plate knot of apex angle upward Structure；The bottom space of the car body is divided into the multiple bottom door spaces arranged in matrix by the longitudinal ridge and the transverse ridge；

The bottom door plate may be reversed by the bottom door opening and closing mechanism is arranged in the bottom in the bottom door space, to open or Close the bottom door space；The width of the bottom door plate is identical as the spacing of the adjacent transverse ridge；When the bottom door plate is closed, institute The inside top surface for stating bottom door plate resists the folded plate bottom edge of the longitudinal ridge, and the outer top surface of the bottom door plate resists the downside wallboard Bottom edge.

Preferably, the chassis composition further include: funnel end plate reinforcing beam is fixed on the side of the funnel end plate On, it is located at except the bottom door space.

Preferably, the bottom door plate is arc panel, the bottom surface of the bottom door plate is provided with several parallel bottom door plates and adds Brutal, the bottom door plate reinforcing beam are channel steel structure, and the bottom door plate reinforcing beam left-hand thread is weldingly fixed on the bottom door plate.

Based on same inventive concept, present invention also provides a kind of hopper wagons, comprising: two bogies, the steering It is fixed with pillow pulling composition on frame, further includes the car body, the car body is fixed between two pillow pulling compositions.

One or more technical solutions provided herein, have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

Be respectively set bottom door opening and closing mechanism in the two sides of car body due to using, the bottom door plate of car body two sides respectively with longitudinal ridge Bifoldable plate bottom edge overlap cooperation, by bottom door opening and closing mechanism opening or close in chassis composition and correspond to the bottom door plate of side, make The bottom door plate of two sides can independent rotary movement and open or close.Bottom door opening and closing mechanism include: opening and closing lever, multiple connectors, Two pieces of bottom door end plates, two flap seats, two effect levers, two lever round pins, two jam plates, two jam plate round pins and two bottom door lock pins, opening and closing After lever is by external lifting force effect, opening and closing lever is lifted and is moved up along handle hole, and effect lever overturning drives jam plate to turn over Turn, so that latch hook portion is lifted and is detached from bottom door lock pin, then unlock jam plate, lifting force, which continues effect, to be made to be opened and closed lever and bottom door plate It overturns and opens bottom door plate.It is needed when in this way, efficiently solving bottom door opening and closing mechanism progress bottom door plate opening and closing in the prior art suitable The technical issues of sequence controls, and reduces rate of discharging realizes the bottom door plate independence open and close control at left and right sides of car body, simplifies behaviour Make process, promotes the technical effect of rate of discharging.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the structural front view of bulk transportation hopper wagon provided by the embodiment of the utility model；

Fig. 2 is the structure left view of bulk transportation hopper wagon provided by the embodiment of the utility model；

Fig. 3 is the chassis composition and the main view after pillow pulling composition assembly that the utility model embodiment 1 provides；

Fig. 4 is the chassis composition and the bottom view after pillow pulling composition assembly that the utility model embodiment 1 provides；

The transverse ridge and the structural representation after the assembly of funnel end plate that Fig. 5 is the chassis composition that the utility model embodiment 1 provides Figure；

Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the transverse ridge for the chassis composition that the utility model embodiment 1 provides；

Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the longitudinal ridge for the chassis composition that the utility model embodiment 1 provides；

Bottom door plate and longitudinal ridge when Fig. 8 is the bottom door plate closed state for the chassis composition that the utility model embodiment 1 provides Location diagram；

Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the utility model embodiment 2 provides and bottom door plate；

Figure 10 is the structural side view of the bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the utility model embodiment 2 provides and bottom door plate and longitudinal ridge；

Figure 11 is the main view when side wall composition that the utility model embodiment 3 provides is assembled with pillow pulling composition；

Figure 12 is the right side half of the left view when side wall composition that the utility model embodiment 3 provides is assembled with pillow pulling composition Cut open figure；

Figure 13 is the location diagram of side wall composition and vehicle gauge that the utility model embodiment 3 provides；

Figure 14 is the structural schematic diagram for the side wall composition that the utility model embodiment 3 provides；

Figure 15 is the enlarged diagram of the part A0 in Figure 14；

Figure 16 is the structural schematic diagram of the downside wallboard for the side wall composition that the utility model embodiment 3 provides；

Figure 17 is upper side wall panel, top side rail and the fixed top plate connection for the side wall composition that the utility model embodiment 3 provides Partial schematic diagram；

Figure 18 is the structural front view for the headwall composition that the utility model embodiment 4 provides；

Figure 19 is the structure left view for the headwall composition that the utility model embodiment 4 provides；

Figure 20 is the knot of the transverse ridge cooperation of one group of hopper wagon spacer member that the utility model embodiment 5 provides and embodiment 1 Structure main view；

Figure 21 is the left view of Figure 20；

Figure 22 is the position pass of the hopper wagon spacer member that the utility model embodiment 5 provides and transverse ridge, fixed top plate cooperation System's figure；

Figure 23 is the structural schematic diagram of the top cover switching mechanism that the utility model embodiment 6 provides and top cover composition；

Figure 24 is the structural schematic diagram for the top cover composition that the utility model embodiment 6 provides；

Figure 25 is the structural schematic diagram for the top cover switching mechanism that the utility model embodiment 7 provides；

The main view of locking device in the top cover switching mechanism that Figure 26 provides for the utility model embodiment 7；

The top view of locking device in the top cover switching mechanism that Figure 27 provides for the utility model embodiment 7；

Figure 28 is the structural schematic diagram for the bidirectional operation valve for stopping brake that the utility model embodiment 8 provides；

Figure 29 is the structural schematic diagram of two-position three-way valve in Figure 28；

Figure 30 is the structural schematic diagram that cone is acted in Figure 28；

Figure 31 is the structural schematic diagram of mounting base in Figure 28；

Figure 32 is the structural schematic diagram of Figure 31 latus inframedium.

(component that each label represents in diagram successively are as follows: 1 side wall composition, 11 top side rails, side wall panel, 13 cornice sheathings on 12 Reinforcing beam, 14 bottom side rails, 15 bottom side rail reinforcing beams, 16 wainscot sheathing reinforcing beams, 17 downside wallboards, 18 vehicle gauges, 10 pillow pulling groups At, 2 headwalls composition, 21 end wall panels, 22 top end transverse members, 23 support plates, 24 columns, 25 crossbeams, 26 tilt props, 27 protective fences, 3 chassis Composition, 31 transverse ridges, 32 transverse ridge partitions, 33 transverse ridge reinforcing beams, 34 funnel end plates, 35 longitudinal ridges, 36 longitudinal ridge partitions, 37 funnel end plates Reinforcing beam, 38 bottom door plates, 39 bottom door plate reinforcing beams, 5 top covers composition, 51 fixed top plates, 52 charging door curb girders, 53 top covers, 54 the One back-up roller wheel, 55 second back-up roller wheels, 6 hopper wagon spacer members, 61 partition reinforcing beams, 62 partitions, 63 lightening holes, 7 bottom doors are opened Close mechanism, 701 opening and closing levers, 702 connectors, 703 effect levers, 704 lever round pins, 705 bottom door end plates, 706 jam plates, 707 jam plate round pins, 708 bottom door lock pins, 709 extension springs, 710 preloading springs, 711 preloading spring seats, 712 pre-tighten mandrils, 713 flap seats, 714 instruction levers, 715 instruction round pins, 716 indicator boards, 717 limited blocks, 8 top cover switching mechanisms, 801 rocking bars Seat, 802 rocking bars, 803 push cylinder seat, 804 to push cylinder, 805 second limiting blocks, 806 connecting base plates, 807 locks, 808 lock bodies Pin shaft, 809 lock bodies, 810 lock plates, 811 front forks, 812 locking round pin, 813 torsional springs, 9 bidirectional operation valves, 91 first operating sticks, 92 first support plates, 93 guidees, 94 first connecting rods, 95 two-position three-way valves, 96 mounting bases, 97 effect cones, 98 gag lever posts, 99 limit holes, 910 second connecting rods, 911 second operating sticks, 912 second support plates, 951 valve bodies, 952 first valve ports, 953 Two valve ports, 954 third valve ports, 955 mandrils, 961 top plates, 962 side plates, 971 first cones, 972 connecting columns, 973 second cones)

Specific embodiment

The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of bottom door opening and closing mechanism, car body and hopper wagon, solve or part solve it is existing There is the technical issues of technology indsole door open/close machine needs sequential control, reduce rate of discharging when carrying out the opening and closing of bottom door plate, leads to It crosses the two sides in car body and bottom door opening and closing mechanism is respectively set, the bottom door plate of car body two sides is overlapped with the bifoldable plate bottom edge of longitudinal ridge respectively Cooperation keeps the bottom door plate of two sides only by corresponding to the bottom door plate of side in bottom door opening and closing mechanism opening or closing chassis composition It founds rotary movement and opens or closes；The bottom door plate independence open and close control at left and right sides of car body is realized, simplifies operating process, mentions Rise the technical effect of rate of discharging.

Referring to attached drawing 9 and 10, this application provides a kind of bottom door opening and closing mechanisms 7, are used to open or close the chassis of car body Composition 3 bottom door plate 38, bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 include: opening and closing lever 701,702, two pieces of bottom door end plates 705 of multiple connectors, Two flap seats 713, two act on lever 703, two lever round pins 704, two jam plates 706, two jam plate round pins 707, two bottom door lock pins 708 and Two extension springs 709, in which:

Chassis composition 3 includes muti-piece funnel end plate 34 and muti-piece bottom door plate 38；Two flap seats 713 are separately fixed at muti-piece funnel In end plate 34 on two pieces of funnel end plates 34 of body end portion position；Bottom door end plate 705 is hung by pin shaft in flap seat 713 On, bottom door end plate 705 can be rotated around pin shaft.

Two connectors 702 in multiple connectors 702 are separately fixed on two bottom door end plates 705, remaining connector 702 are fixedly connected by fixed plate with corresponding bottom door plate 38, guarantee all bottom door plates of bottom door end plate 705 and corresponding side 38 rotate synchronously；Connector 702 offers the handle hole of kidney ellipsoid；Opening and closing lever 701 is threaded through the operation of all connectors 702 Kong Zhong, opening and closing lever 701 can be lifted or be fallen along handle hole；Opening and closing lever 701 is located at the outside of car body, is in a horizontal position, The length of the handle hole of kidney ellipsoid guarantees that opening and closing lever 701 has enough displacement spaces, makes jam plate 706 and bottom door lock pin 708 It can be detached from and unlock.

The middle part for acting on lever 703 is rotatablely connected by lever round pin 704 and bottom door end plate 705, and the one of effect lever 703 It holds hinged with the end of opening and closing lever 701；The middle part of jam plate 706 is rotatablely connected by jam plate round pin 707 and bottom door end plate 705, One end of jam plate 706 opens up groove, and the other end of jam plate 706 is provided with latch hook portion, is set to bottom door lock pin 708 for hook, makees It being protruded into groove with the other end of lever 703, opening and closing lever 701 lifts, i.e., it is moved up in the handle hole of connector 702, Induced effect lever 703 is rotated around lever round pin 704, then jam plate 706 is driven to rotate around jam plate round pin 707, keeps latch hook portion de- It is unlocked from bottom door lock pin 708.

Bottom door lock pin 708 is fixed on funnel end plate 34；One end of extension spring 709 is fixed on bottom door end plate 705, separately One end is fixedly connected with the groove ends of jam plate 706；The pulling force of extension spring 709 will lift the groove ends of jam plate 706, i.e., by jam plate 706 latch hook subordinate is pressed on bottom door lock pin 708, and after closing in this way convenient for bottom door plate 38, jam plate 706 is in extension spring 709 It overturns and resets under pulling force moment loading, and hook is set on bottom door lock pin 708 again.

Wherein, after opening and closing lever 701 is by external lifting force effect, opening and closing lever 701 is lifted and is moved up along handle hole, It acts on lever 703 to overturn, drives jam plate 706 to overcome the pulling force torque of extension spring 709 and overturn, latch hook portion is made to lift and be detached from Bottom door lock pin 708 then unlocks bottom door plate 38, and lifting force, which continues effect, to be made to be opened and closed lever 701 and the overturning of bottom door plate 38 and beat Open bottom door plate 38.

Further, bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 further include: preloading spring 710 pre-tightens mandril 712 and preloading spring seat 711, Wherein: preloading spring seat 711 is fixedly connected with funnel end plate 34；One end of preloading spring 710 and the fixed company of preloading spring seat 711 It connects, the other end is fixedly connected with the one end for pre-tightening mandril 712；When bottom door plate 38 close when, pre-tighten mandril 712 the other end against Bottom door end plate 705 applies elastic, the preload general of mandril 712 to mandril 712 is pre-tightened at this point, preloading spring is in compressive state The elastic force acts on bottom door end plate 705, i.e. the elastic force of preloading spring 710 forms a kind of minimum enabling that can be realized unlock Power can control the minimum enabling power of the unlock of bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 by adjusting the elastic force of preloading spring 710, prevent because of accident Vibration leads to the generation of the unlock phenomenon of bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7.

Further, bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 further include: instruction lever 714, instruction round pin 715 and indicator board 716, in which:

Indicate that lever 714 is rotatablely connected by instruction round pin 715 and funnel end plate 34；Indicate that lever 716 includes first end And second end, the gravitational moment of first end are greater than the gravitational moment of second end, first end is pressed against bottom door end plate under gravitational moment effect On 705 side, in 38 opening procedure of bottom door plate, first end follows the overturning of bottom door end plate 705 and falls；Bottom door plate 38 is closed In the process, first end follows the overturning of bottom door end plate 705 and lifts；Indicator board 716 is provided with opening mark and closes mark, when After bottom door plate 38 fully opens, second end is raised to the corresponding position for opening mark, and after bottom door plate 38 is closed, second end is fallen The lower position to corresponding closing mark.It is in by indicating that lever 716 enables an operator to intuitive quickly understanding bottom door plate 38 The state opened or closed.

Further, bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 further include: limited block 717 is fixed on funnel end plate 34, when bottom door plate 38 when fully opening, and bottom door end plate 705 turns to the position against limited block 717, continues to turn over to limit bottom door end plate 705 Turn.

Present invention also provides a kind of car bodies, comprising: two side walls form 1, two headwall composition 2, top cover composition 5 and bottom Frame composition 3, further includes Liang Ge bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7, Liang Ge bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 is separately positioned on the two sides of car body, and bottom door is opened The bottom door plate 38 that side is corresponded in chassis composition 3 can be opened or closed by closing mechanism 7.

Further, the two sides of car body are arranged in two side wall compositions 1；Side wall composition 1 includes: to be fixed on pillow pulling composition 10 Floor on bottom side rail 14 and the muti-piece fixed with bottom side rail 14 on the downside of wallboard 17.Chassis composition 3 include: multiple transverse ridges 31, Multiple longitudinal ridges 35, muti-piece funnel end plate 34 and muti-piece bottom door plate 38, in which:

Multiple 31 parallel intervals of transverse ridge are fixed between the bottom side rail 14 of car body two sides；Transverse ridge 31 is the folded plate of apex angle upward Structure；Wherein two pieces of lower sections for being separately fixed at headwall composition 2 of muti-piece funnel end plate 34, remaining funnel end plate 34 is fixed on Below the folded plate of transverse ridge 31；Multiple longitudinal ridges 35 are arranged along the central axes of car body, are separately fixed between adjacent funnel end plate 34；It is vertical Ridge 35 is the folded structure of apex angle upward；The bottom space of car body is divided into the multiple of matrix arrangement by longitudinal ridge 35 with transverse ridge 31 Bottom door space.

The bottom for being arranged in bottom door space may be reversed by bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 for bottom door plate 38, to open or close bottom door Space；The width of bottom door plate 38 is identical as the spacing of adjacent transverse ridge 31；When bottom door plate 38 is closed, the inside top surface of bottom door plate 38 The folded plate bottom edge of longitudinal ridge 35 is resisted, the outer top surface of bottom door plate 38 resists the bottom edge of downside wallboard 17.

Chassis composition 3 further include: funnel end plate reinforcing beam 37 is fixed on the side of funnel end plate 34, and it is empty to be located at bottom door Between except.Bottom door plate 38 is arc panel, and the bottom surface of bottom door plate 38 is provided with several parallel bottom door plate reinforcing beams 39, and bottom door plate adds Brutal 39 is channel steel structure, and 39 left-hand thread of bottom door plate reinforcing beam is weldingly fixed on bottom door plate 38.

Present invention also provides a kind of hopper wagons, comprising: two bogies are fixed with pillow pulling composition 10, leakage on bogie Trolley further includes previously described car body, which is fixed between two pillow pulling compositions 10.

A kind of specific knot of each composition mechanism of bulk transportation hopper wagon is discussed in detail below by specific embodiment Structure and connection relationship:

The structure of the bulk transportation hopper wagon is referring to attached Fig. 1 and 2.

Embodiment 1

Referring to attached drawing 3~8, a kind of chassis composition 3 of concrete form is present embodiments provided, comprising: multiple transverse ridges 31, more A longitudinal ridge 35, muti-piece funnel end plate 34 and muti-piece bottom door plate 38, in which:

Referring to attached drawing 4, multiple 31 parallel intervals of transverse ridge are fixed on pillow pulling and form between the bottom side rail 14 of 10 two sides；Referring to Attached Figures 5 and 6, transverse ridge 31 are the folded structure of apex angle upward；Muti-piece funnel end plate 34 wherein two pieces be separately fixed at car body The lower section of headwall composition 2, remaining funnel end plate 34 are fixed on the bottom end of the side of transverse ridge 31；Axis of multiple longitudinal ridges 35 along car body Line arrangement, is separately fixed between adjacent funnel end plate 34；Referring to attached drawing 7, longitudinal ridge 35 is the folded structure of apex angle upward；Longitudinal ridge 35 are divided into the bottom space of car body in the multiple bottom door spaces arranged in matrix with transverse ridge 31.

The bottom for being arranged in bottom door space may be reversed by bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 for bottom door plate 38, to open or close bottom door Space；The width of bottom door plate 38 is identical as the spacing of adjacent transverse ridge 31；When bottom door plate 38 is closed, the inside top surface of bottom door plate 38 The side of longitudinal ridge 35 is resisted, the outer top surface of bottom door plate 38 resists the bottom edge of downside wallboard 17, the envelope in bottom door space is achieved It closes.

Wherein, when bottom door plate 38 is closed, the inside top surface of bottom door plate 38 resists the side of longitudinal ridge 35, the outside of bottom door plate 38 Top surface resists the bottom edge of downside wallboard 17, is realized by bottom door plate 38, downside wallboard 17, longitudinal ridge 35 and two pieces of funnel end plates 34 The closing in each bottom door space of vehicle bottom；The bottom door plate 38 of car body two sides is matched with the two sides edge lap of longitudinal ridge 35 respectively It closes, two sides bottom door plate 38 can carry out independent rotary movement respectively, the bottom door space at left and right sides of car body is enable independently to play on or off It closes.Chassis composition 3 realizes the independent open and close control of bottom door plate 38 at left and right sides of car body, simplifies operating process, promotes unloading Efficiency.

Further, what the apex angle of the apex angle of transverse ridge 31 and longitudinal ridge 35 was both configured to granule materials can be made freely to slide rests in peace Angle, the range of angle of repose is 50~60 °, preferably, angle of repose is 50 °.

Further, chassis composition 3 further includes longitudinal ridge partition 36, is fixed between the bifoldable plate of longitudinal ridge 35.Further include: it is horizontal Ridge partition 32 and transverse ridge reinforcing beam 33, transverse ridge partition 32 are fixed between two folded plates of transverse ridge 31, to strengthen the knot of transverse ridge 31 Structure intensity；Transverse ridge reinforcing beam 33 is fixed on the folded plate bottom interior wall of transverse ridge 31, to enhance transverse ridge 31 and 34 junction of funnel end plate Structural strength.Transverse ridge partition 32 is welded and fixed with transverse ridge 31；Transverse ridge reinforcing beam 33 is channel steel structure, and transverse ridge reinforcing beam 33 is anti- Button is weldingly fixed on transverse ridge 31.Chassis composition 3 further includes funnel end plate reinforcing beam 37, is fixed on the side of funnel end plate 34 On, it is located at except bottom door space, to enhance the structural strength of funnel end plate 34.

Further, bottom door plate 38 is arc panel, and the height space that 38 opening procedure of bottom door plate needs is smaller, is being designed When, the position of bottom door plate 38 can be arranged in the height closer apart from rail level, then increase the volume of hopper wagon, improve vehicle Load-carrying.The bottom surface of bottom door plate 38 is provided with several parallel bottom door plate reinforcing beams 39, and bottom door plate reinforcing beam 39 is channel steel structure, bottom 39 left-hand thread of door-plate reinforcing beam is weldingly fixed on bottom door plate 38, to enhance the structural strength of bottom door plate 38.

Embodiment 2

Referring to attached drawing 9 and 10, a kind of bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 of concrete form, two bottoms of car body are present embodiments provided Door open/close machine 7 is separately positioned on the two sides of car body, and a kind of bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 is used to open or closes the offer of embodiment 1 The bottom door plate 38 of side is corresponded in chassis composition 3.

Bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 includes: opening and closing lever 701, multiple connectors 702, two pieces of bottom door end plates 705, two flap seats 713, two effect levers 703, two lever round pins 704, two jam plates 706, two jam plate round pins 707, two bottom door lock pins 708 and two stretch Spring 709, in which:

Chassis composition 3 includes muti-piece funnel end plate 34 and muti-piece bottom door plate 38；Two flap seats 713 are separately fixed at muti-piece funnel In end plate 34 on two pieces of funnel end plates 34 of body end portion position；Bottom door end plate 705 is hung by pin shaft in flap seat 713 On, bottom door end plate 705 can be rotated around pin shaft.

Two connectors 702 in multiple connectors 702 are separately fixed on two bottom door end plates 705, remaining connector 702 are fixedly connected by fixed plate with corresponding bottom door plate 38, guarantee all bottom door plates 38 of bottom door end plate 705 and corresponding side It rotates synchronously；Connector 702 offers the handle hole of kidney ellipsoid；Opening and closing lever 701 is threaded through the handle hole of all connectors 702 In, opening and closing lever 701 can be lifted or be fallen along handle hole；Opening and closing lever 701 is located at the outside of car body, is in a horizontal position；Waist The length of circular handle hole guarantees that opening and closing lever 701 has enough displacement spaces, enables jam plate 706 and bottom door lock pin 708 It is detached from and unlocks.

The middle part for acting on lever 703 is rotatablely connected by lever round pin 704 and bottom door end plate 705, and the one of effect lever 703 It holds hinged with the end of opening and closing lever 701；The middle part of jam plate 706 is rotatablely connected by jam plate round pin 707 and bottom door end plate 705, One end of jam plate 706 opens up groove, and the other end of jam plate 706 is provided with latch hook portion, is set to bottom door lock pin 708 for hook, makees It being protruded into groove with the other end of lever 703, opening and closing lever 701 lifts, i.e., it is moved up in the handle hole of connector 702, Induced effect lever 703 is walked around around lever round pin 704, then jam plate 706 is driven to rotate around jam plate round pin 707, keeps latch hook portion de- It is unlocked from bottom door lock pin 708.

Bottom door lock pin 708 is fixed on funnel end plate 34；One end of extension spring 709 is fixed on bottom door end plate 705, separately One end is fixedly connected with the groove ends of jam plate 706；The pulling force of extension spring 709 will lift the groove ends of jam plate 706, i.e., by jam plate 706 latch hook subordinate is pressed on bottom door lock pin 708, and after closing in this way convenient for bottom door plate 38, jam plate 706 is in extension spring 709 It overturns and resets under pulling force moment loading, and hook is set on bottom door lock pin 708 again.

Wherein, general hopper wagon arrives at a station when being unloaded, and lifts opening and closing lever 701 by lifting mechanism, is opened and closed lever 701 After external lifting force effect, opening and closing lever 701 is lifted and is moved up along handle hole, and effect lever 703 is overturn, and drives jam plate 706 overcome the pulling force torque of extension spring 709 and overturn, and so that latch hook portion is lifted and is detached from bottom door lock pin 708, then make bottom door plate 38 unlocks, lifting force, which continues effect, to be made to be opened and closed lever 701 and the overturning of bottom door plate 38 and open bottom door plate 38.

Further, bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 further include: preloading spring 710 pre-tightens mandril 712 and preloading spring seat 711, Wherein: preloading spring seat 711 is fixedly connected with funnel end plate 34；One end of preloading spring 710 and the fixed company of preloading spring seat 711 It connects, the other end is fixedly connected with the one end for pre-tightening mandril 712；When bottom door plate 38 close when, pre-tighten mandril 712 the other end against Bottom door end plate 705 applies elastic, the preload general of mandril 712 to mandril 712 is pre-tightened at this point, preloading spring is in compressive state The elastic force acts on bottom door end plate 705, i.e. the elastic force of preloading spring 710 forms a kind of minimum enabling that can be realized unlock Power can control the minimum enabling power of the unlock of bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 by adjusting the elastic force of preloading spring 710, prevent because of accident Vibration leads to the generation of the unlock phenomenon of bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7.

Further, bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 further include: instruction lever 714, instruction round pin 715 and indicator board 716, in which: Indicate that lever 714 is rotatablely connected by instruction round pin 715 and funnel end plate 34；Indicate that lever 716 includes first end and second end, The gravitational moment of first end is greater than the gravitational moment of second end, and first end is pressed against the side of bottom door end plate 705 under gravitational moment effect On, in 38 opening procedure of bottom door plate, first end follows the overturning of bottom door end plate 705 and falls；In 38 closing process of bottom door plate, First end follows the overturning of bottom door end plate 705 and lifts；Indicator board 716 is provided with opening mark and closes mark, when bottom door plate After 38 fully open, second end is raised to the corresponding position for opening mark, and after bottom door plate 38 is closed, second end drops to correspondence Close the position of mark.By indicate lever 716 enable an operator to it is intuitive quickly understand bottom door plate 38 and be in play on or off The state closed.

Further, bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 further include: limited block 717 is fixed on funnel end plate 34, when bottom door plate 38 when fully opening, and bottom door end plate 705 turns to the position against limited block 717, continues to turn over to limit bottom door end plate 705 Turn.

Embodiment 3

Referring to attached drawing 11~17, a kind of side wall composition 1 of concrete form is present embodiments provided, referring to attached drawing 13, side wall Composition 1 is arranged in car body two sides, and the both ends of car body are provided with headwall composition 2；Headwall composition 2 is fixed on pillow pulling composition 10 and side wall Between composition 1；Side wall composition 1 includes: upper side wall panel 12, downside wallboard 17, top side rail 11 and bottom side rail 14, in which:

Referring to attached drawing 12, the end of bottom side rail 14 is fixed on the floor of pillow pulling composition 10；Referring to attached Figure 13 and 14, upside The end of beam 11 is fixed on headwall composition 2；Referring to attached drawing 17, top side rail 11 is fixed on the top outer of side wall panel 12；Ginseng See attached drawing 15, the bottom of upper side wall panel 12 is fixedly connected with the top of downside wallboard 17, and specifically, the bottom of upper side wall panel 12 is taken The inside top for being fixed on downside wallboard 17 is connect, bottom side rail 14 is fixed on the top outer of downside wallboard 17.

Wherein, upper side wall panel 12 is arc wrapper sheet；Referring to attached drawing 16, downside wallboard 17 is folded plate；Upper side wall panel 12, downside The shape of wallboard 17, top side rail 11 and bottom side rail 14 and the shape of vehicle gauge 18 are adapted, and therefore, side wall composition 1 is full On the basis of sufficient railway transport vehicle limit 18 requires, vehicle body volume is increased as far as possible, improves the delivery energy of hopper wagon Power.

Further, side wall composition 1 includes the spaced downside wallboard 17 of muti-piece, the bottom of downside wallboard 17 and car body The quantity of the bottom door plate 38 of frame composition 3 is corresponding, and multiple bottom door spaces are arranged about Symmetry in the chassis composition 3 of hopper wagon, often One downside wallboard 17 constitutes one block of side plate in corresponding bottom door space.The top surface shape of top side rail 11 and the top cover of vehicle form The shape of 5 fixation top plate 51 is adapted, and the fixed overlap joint of top plate 51 is fixed on the top surface of top side rail 11, as a kind of specific reality Example, fixed top plate 51 is arc panel, and the top surface of top side rail 11 is also provided with camber, is fixed on fixed top plate 51 by welding On the top surface of curb girder 11.

Further, side wall composition 1 further include: cornice sheathing reinforcing beam 13 and wainscot sheathing reinforcing beam 16, in which: cornice sheathing adds Brutal 13 is fixed in side wall panel 12, is arranged close to bottom side rail 14, can be enhanced the intensity of upper side wall panel 12 and be enhanced The intensity of side wall panel 12 and 17 welding position of downside wallboard；Wainscot sheathing reinforcing beam 16 is fixed on the bottom of downside wallboard 17, can increase The intensity of strong downside wallboard 17；Cornice sheathing reinforcing beam 13, wainscot sheathing reinforcing beam 16, top side rail 11 and bottom side rail 14 are all along car body Centerline direction arrangement.As a kind of preferred embodiment, top side rail 11, bottom side rail 14, cornice sheathing reinforcing beam 13 and wainscot sheathing are reinforced Beam 16 is all clod wash type groove steel construction, and left-hand thread is weldingly fixed on side wall panel 12 and downside wallboard 17 respectively, at the same time it can also Stiffener plate is all added on top side rail 11, bottom side rail 14, cornice sheathing reinforcing beam 13 and wainscot sheathing reinforcing beam 16, it is above-mentioned to enhance The intensity of component.

Further, side wall composition 1 further include: bottom side rail reinforcing beam 15 is folded plate steel construction, bottom side rail reinforcing beam 15 Top side is weldingly fixed on the bottom of bottom side rail 14, and the bottom side of bottom side rail reinforcing beam 15 is weldingly fixed on downside wallboard On 17, bottom side rail reinforcing beam 15 can strengthen the bearing capacity of bottom side rail 14, then further enhance the whole strong of side wall composition 1 Degree and rigidity.

Further, downside wallboard 17 includes upper board and lower panel, and upper board is horizontal by 60~70 °, lower panel Horizontal by 75~85 °, guarantee downside wallboard 17 to greatest extent close to vehicle gauge 18.As a kind of specific preferred real Example, upper board is horizontal by 67 °, and lower panel is horizontal by 80 °.

1 is formed by the side wall that upper side wall panel 12, downside wallboard 17, top side rail 11 and bottom side rail 14 form, top side rail 11 increases The whole strength and stiffness of strong upper side wall panel 12, the whole strength and stiffness of the enhancing of bottom side rail 14 downside wallboard 17, by top side rail 11 are fixed on the top position of side wall panel 12, can enhance the fixation top plate 51 in top cover composition 5 and upper 12 connection position of side wall panel Bottom side rail 14 is fixed on the top position of downside wallboard 17 by the bearing capacity set, and can enhance upper side wall panel 12 and downside wallboard The bearing capacity of 17 link position then promotes the bearing capacity of entire side wall composition 1.Arc is set by upper side wall panel 12 Wrapper sheet, downside wallboard 17 are set as folded plate, and upper side wall panel 12, downside wallboard 17, top side rail 11 and bottom side rail 14 shape with The shape of vehicle gauge 18 is adapted, it is ensured that the shape of side wall composition 1 makes to install the side wall as far as possible close to vehicle gauge 18 The car body of composition 1 can make full use of vehicle gauge 18, increase vehicle volume, improve the load-carrying of vehicle.

Embodiment 4

Referring to attached drawing 18 and 19, a kind of headwall composition 2 of concrete form is present embodiments provided, the pillow pulling of vehicle is set On the floor of composition 10, car body is provided with the side wall composition 1 in top cover composition 5 and two embodiments 3；Headwall forms 2 End wall panel 21, more crossbeams 25, more root posts 24,22, two pieces of support plates 23 of top end transverse member and two pieces of tilt props 26, in which:

End wall panel 21 tilts the top sides edge for being fixed on the floor of pillow pulling composition 10；The side of end wall panel 21 and side wall form 1 upper side wall panel 12 is fixedly connected, and the top margin of end wall panel 21 is fixedly connected with the fixation top plate 51 of top cover composition 5；More crossbeams 25 are fixed on end wall panel 21 with more root posts 24, and column 24 vertically connects adjacent two crossbeams 25, more crossbeams 25 with more Column 24 is fixed on end wall panel 21 in rectangle net trellis；The bottom end of tilt prop 26 is fixed on floor, the side of tilt prop 26 End is fixed on end wall panel 21；The bottom end of support plate 23 is fixed on floor, and a side of support plate 23 is another with tilt prop 26 One side is fixedly connected, and another side of support plate 23 is fixedly connected with upper side wall panel 12；Top end transverse member 22 is fixed on support plate 23 And the top of tilt prop 26, top end transverse member 22 are fixedly connected with end wall panel 21.

Wherein, the crossbeam 25 and column 24 arranged by rectangle net trellis enhance the strength and stiffness of end wall panel 21；Pass through Tilt prop 26 further promotes the bearing capacity of end wall panel 21；Top end transverse member 22 is supported by support plate 23 and tilt prop 26, is passed through Top end transverse member 22 improves fixed top plate 51 and upper side wall panel 12 to the stress condition of end wall panel 21, improves 2 entirety of headwall composition Structural strength promotes the bearing capacity of headwall composition 2, ensures the security and stability of hopper wagon.

Further, tilt prop 26 is fixed with 21 vertical welding of end wall panel, and support plate 23 and 26 vertical welding of tilt prop are solid Fixed, so that forming triangular support configurations between support plate 23, tilt prop 26 and end wall panel 21, support plate 23 and tilt prop 26 are all opened If lightening hole, manufacture raw material is saved, mitigates car body self weight, improves carrying capacity.

Further, the shape of the shaped upper part of the end of top end transverse member 22 and fixed top plate 51 is adapted, top end transverse member 22 End is welded and fixed with fixed top plate 51；The shape of the lower shape of the end of top end transverse member 22 and upper side wall panel 12 is adapted, on The end of end carriage 22 is welded and fixed with upper side wall panel 12.Top end transverse member 22 is horizontally disposed；Top end transverse member 22 is channel steel structure, top end transverse member 22 Left-hand thread is welded on end wall panel 21.Top end transverse member 22 is welded with multiple partitions, and partition parallel interval is arranged, in partition enhancing The intensity of end carriage 22.

Further, headwall composition 2 further includes protective fence 27, in which: protective fence 27 includes at least one U-shaped bar, U-shaped bar Both ends be detachably connected in two pieces of support plates 23；The top cover switching mechanism 8 of vehicle is arranged in end wall panel 21 and protective fence 27 Between, protective fence 27 can prevent personnel from coming to harm close to the rocking bar 802 of top cover switching mechanism 8.

Embodiment 5

Referring to attached drawing 20~22, car body provided by the present application further includes multiple groups hopper wagon spacer member 6；Every group of hopper wagon partition Part 6 includes two hopper wagon spacer members 6 being arranged symmetrically along the center line of car body；Hopper wagon spacer member 6 and corresponding side wall group At 1 connection；Hopper wagon spacer member 6 is connect with chassis composition 3.

Present embodiments provide a kind of hopper wagon spacer member 6 of concrete form, comprising: partition 62 and partition reinforcing beam 61, Wherein: the first side of partition 62 is set as arc-shaped, the second side opposite with first side and connection first side and the The bottom edge of dual side-edge is set as linear, and the top margin opposite with bottom edge is set as arc-shaped；The top margin both ends of partition 62 are provided with Notch；Partition reinforcing beam 61 is fixed on the second side of partition 62.The first side of partition 62 is for cooperating side wall panel 12 Arcwall face, the arc-shaped top margin of partition 62 is used to cooperate the arcwall face of fixed top plate 51.

Further, partition reinforcing beam 61 is square hollow section steel, is welded and fixed with partition 62, partition 62 opens up lightening hole 63, subtracts On the basis of repeated hole 63 guarantees 62 intensity of partition, mitigate the self weight of hopper wagon, improves carrying capacity.Hopper wagon spacer member 6 every Plate 62 and partition reinforcing beam 61 can enhance car body overall stiffness, bearing capacity and anti-bending strength.

Further, side wall composition 1 includes arc-shaped upper side wall panel 12；The first side of partition 62 is arc-shaped and upside The inner wall of wallboard 12 is arc-shaped to be adapted, and the first side of partition 62 and the inner wall of upper side wall panel 12 are welded and fixed.Top cover composition 5 Including two pieces of symmetrically arranged arc-shaped fixation top plates 51, the outside of fixed top plate 51 forms 1 fixed company with corresponding side wall It connects；The top margin of partition 62 is arc-shaped arc-shaped adaptable with the inner wall of fixed top plate 51；The top margin of partition 62 and fixed top plate 51 Inner wall be welded and fixed.

Further, top cover composition 5 further includes two charging door curb girders 52, and the end of charging door curb girder 52 is fixed on headwall On composition 2；The inside of fixed top plate 51 is welded and fixed with charging door curb girder 52；The top of partition reinforcing beam 61 is weldingly fixed on dress The bottom end of material mouth curb girder 52.

Further, the quantity phase of the quantity of multiple groups hopper wagon spacer member 6 and the transverse ridge 31 of chassis composition 3 in embodiment 1 Together；The bottom edge of partition 62 is weldingly fixed on the corner position of transverse ridge 31.Partition 62, and partition are stretched out in the bottom end of partition reinforcing beam 61 The bottom face of reinforcing beam 61 is arranged to the inclined-plane being adapted with 31 inclined surface of transverse ridge, convenient for being welded and fixed；Partition reinforcing beam 61 Bottom end is welded and fixed with transverse ridge 31.

Embodiment 6

Referring to attached drawing 23 and 24, the top cover composition 5 for present embodiments providing a kind of concrete form includes: two fixed top plates 51, two charging door curb girders 52 and top cover 53, in which: center line symmetrical setting of the two charging door curb girders 52 about car body, charging door The both ends of curb girder 52 are separately fixed at the top of two headwall compositions 2；Fixed top plate 51 is arc panel, the end of fixed top plate 51 Portion is fixedly connected with the end wall panel 21 of headwall composition 2, and the inside of fixed top plate 51 is fixedly connected with charging door curb girder 52, fixed top The outside of plate 51 and the top surface of the top side rail 11 of side wall composition 1 post and fix；Top cover 53 covers two charging door curb girders after closing Charging door between 52.

Further, top cover composition 5 further include: the first back-up roller wheel group and the second back-up roller wheel group；First back-up roller wheel Group includes multiple first back-up roller wheels 54, and multiple first back-up roller wheels 54 are arranged at intervals on the top of charging door curb girder 52；Top cover When 53 closing, the side side pressure of top cover 53 is leaned against on the rolling face of the first back-up roller wheel 54；Second back-up roller wheel group includes multiple Two back-up roller wheels 55, multiple second back-up roller wheels 55 are arranged at intervals on the bottom of another side of top cover 53, and top cover 53 is opened Cheng Zhong, the second back-up roller wheel 55 roll on fixed top plate 51.First back-up roller wheel 54 is fixed on charging by the first roller mount The top of mouth curb girder 52；Second back-up roller wheel 55 is fixed on the bottom of another side of top cover 53 by the second roller mount, passes through Multiple first back-up roller wheels 54 and multiple second back-up roller wheels 55 are realized to the excellent support of top cover 53, and top cover 53 is avoided to be self-possessed Effect or external impacts cause bending deformation, improve the security and stability of top cover composition 5.

Further, top cover composition 5 further include: wearing plate, wearing plate abutting are fixed on fixed top plate 51, and second Support idler wheel 55 rolls on wearing plate.Top cover composition 5 further includes two longitudinal buffers gear, is separately positioned on corresponding top cover opening/closing machine Between structure 8 and headwall composition 2；Longitudinal buffer gear is fixed on the top of the rocking bar 802 of top cover switching mechanism 8, and rocking bar 802 is overturn, Drive longitudinal buffer gear headwall composition 2 end wall panel 21 on slides, longitudinal buffer gear can limit top cover 53 axial displacement or Play.

Embodiment 7

Attached drawing 25~27 is participated in, present embodiments provides a kind of top cover switching mechanism 8 of concrete form, comprising: rocking bar core 801, rocking bar 802, promotion cylinder seat 803, promotion cylinder 804 and locking device, in which:

Rocking bar core 801 is fixed on the floor of pillow pulling composition 10 of vehicle；The bottom end of rocking bar 802 is hinged on rocking bar core 801 On, the top of rocking bar 802 is fixedly connected with top cover 53；Cylinder seat 803 is pushed to be fixed on the headwall composition 2 of car body；Push cylinder 804 Cylinder body fixing end be hinged on push cylinder seat 803 on.As preferred specific examples, promotion cylinder 804 is cylinder.

Locking device includes: connecting base plate 806, lock 807, lock body 809, lock plate 810, lock body pin shaft 808, torsional spring 813, front fork 811 and locking round pin 812, connecting base plate 806 are fixed on the output end for pushing the cylinder body of cylinder 804, push cylinder 804 Push rod is stretched out or is retracted from the output end of cylinder body；Lock 807 is fixed on connecting base plate 806, and lock body 809 passes through lock body pin shaft 808 are rotatably connected on lock 807, and lock body 809 is provided with lug boss, the front of lug boss far from the front bottom end of lock 807 It is provided with transition cambered surface, the rear portion of lug boss is provided with inclined surface, and lock plate 810 is fixed on the side of lock body 809, and lug boss Between lock plate 810 and lock 807, lock plate 810 is provided with the latch hook portion cooperated with locking round pin 812.

Torsional spring 813 is set on lock body pin shaft 808, and the first torque arm of torsional spring 813 is fixedly connected with lock 807, torsional spring 813 The second torque arm be fixedly connected with lock body 809, front fork 811 is fixed on the push rod end for pushing cylinder 804, and front fork 811 opens up oval Hole is provided with boss corresponding with the lug boss of lock body 809 on front fork 811, on boss the end far from push rod be arranged to it is convex The inclined-plane of the inclined surface cooperation in the portion of rising, the end on boss close to push rod is arranged to cambered surface, convex when push rod is in original state Platform is located at the rear end of the lug boss of lock body 809, and with the elongation of push rod, the front end inclined-plane of boss and the lug boss of lock body 809 are pasted It closes, and squeezes and push away lug boss and lift.When push rod is retracted from elongation state, the transition arcs in the cambered surface rear end contact projection portion of boss Face enables lug boss smoothly gradually to lift, and after lug boss slips over the extreme higher position of boss, lug boss starts along the oblique of boss It slides downwards, until boss slips over entire lug boss and is retracted into initial position.Locking round pin 812 is threaded through in waist round hole, Locking round pin 812 is fixedly connected with rocking bar 802, and locking round pin 812 can slide in waist round hole, during lock body 809 lifts, It avoids lock plate 810 from interfering with locking round pin 812 and can not unlock.

When top cover 53 is closed, the latch hook portion of lock plate 810 and locking round pin 812 cooperate, and limitation rocking bar 802 is unexpected to be turned over Turn；When opening top cover 53, the push rod of cylinder 804 is pushed to stretch out, front fork 811 travels forward, and locking round pin 812 is in front fork 811 It is moved in waist round hole, meanwhile, the boss of front fork 811 squeezes the lug boss for pushing away lock body 809, makes lock body 809 that lock plate 810 be driven to lift It rises, so that the latch hook portion of lock plate 810 is got around locking round pin 812 and is unlocked, the push rod of cylinder 804 is pushed to continue to stretch out, drive Rocking bar 802 and top cover 53 are overturn, i.e. opening top cover 53.The top cover switching mechanism 8 prevents rocking bar 802 and top cover by locking device 53 under the effect of gravity pull open the push rod of promotion cylinder 804, the security risk for then avoiding top cover 53 from being opened accidentally.When top cover 53 When closing, the pusher retracted of cylinder 804 is pushed, the boss of front fork 811 can jack up the lug boss of lock body 809, during jack-up, Lock plate 810 will not be interfered with locking round pin 812, and after lock body 809 is jacked up, torsional spring 813 generates deformation under torsion, hereafter, Front fork 811 continues to bounce back, and is retracted into behind the rear position of the lug boss of lock body 809 in the boss of front fork 811, torsional spring 813 Torsion the end of lock body 809 is depressed, then making the latch hook portion of the lock plate 810, hook is located on locking round pin 812 again And realize locking.

Further, top cover switching mechanism 8 further includes the first limiting block and the second limiting block 805, the first limiting block and Two limiting blocks 805 are all fixed on the headwall composition 2 of car body；After top cover 53 is turned to closed state, the side of rocking bar 802 against First limiting block；After top cover 53 is turned to opening state, the other side of rocking bar 802 is against the second limiting block 805；First limiting block And second limiting block 805 be both provided with the cushion that can be contacted with rocking bar 802.

Embodiment 8

Attached drawing 28 is participated in, bulk transportation hopper wagon provided by the present application further includes the bidirectional operation valve 9 for stopping brake； Present embodiments provide a kind of bidirectional operation valve 9 of concrete form, comprising: two-position three-way valve 95, effect cone 97, first operate Bar 91 and the second operating stick 911, in which:

Referring to attached drawing 29, two-position three-way valve 95 includes valve body 951 and the mandril 955 being slidably connected with valve body 951, valve body 951 are provided with the first valve port 952, the second valve port 953 and third valve port 954, the braking gas of 952 connection of rail vehicles of the first valve port Cylinder, rolling stock can be bulk transportation hopper wagon, especially transport sugared hopper wagon；Second valve port 953 connects air inlet high-voltage tube, the Three valve ports 954 are connected to atmosphere；When mandril 955 is slid onto the first station with respect to valve body 951, the first valve port 952 and the second valve port 953 are connected to, and the high pressure gas in air inlet high-voltage tube is filled with brake cylinder, make brake cylinder air inlet and realize alleviation；955 phase of mandril When being slid onto second station to valve body 951, the first valve port 952 is connected to third valve port 954, and high pressure gas is discharged from brake cylinder Into atmospheric environment, brake cylinder is made to be vented and realize braking.

Referring to attached drawing 30, acting on cone 97 includes the first cone 971 and symmetrically arranged second cone of the first cone 971 973, connecting column, the small end of the first cone 971 are fixedly connected with the small end of the second cone 973 by connecting column 972, the first cone 971,972 coaxial line of the second cone 973 and connecting column；The bottom of mandril 955 is pressed in effect cone 97, when mandril 955 When on connecting column 972, mandril is located at the first station, when mandril 955 is located at the top of the first cone 971 or the second cone 973 When portion, mandril 955 is located at second station；First operating stick 91 is arranged in the axial location of the big end of the first cone 971, and second The axial location of the big end of the second cone 973 is arranged in operating stick 911.

Wherein, it is slid to the right by 91 impetus cone 97 of the first operating stick, mandril 955 is in thrust lower edge first The conical surface of cone 971 slides upwards, until being slid onto the top of the first cone 971, mandril 955 is in second station at this time；Or Person is slid to the left by 911 impetus cone 97 of the second operating stick, and mandril 955 is in the second cone of thrust lower edge 973 The conical surface slides upwards, until the top of the second cone 973 is slid onto, at this point, mandril 955 is in second station, the first valve port 952 It is connected to third valve port 954, high pressure gas is discharged into atmospheric environment from brake cylinder, and brake cylinder is made to be vented and realize system It is dynamic；Then, it is slid to the left by 91 pulling function cone 97 of the first operating stick, mandril 955 is in the first cone of Gravitative Loads lower edge 971 conical surface slides downwards, until being slid on connecting column 972, alternatively, 911 pulling function cone 97 of the second operating stick is to the right Sliding, mandril 955 slide downwards in the conical surface of the second cone of Gravitative Loads lower edge 973, until be slid on connecting column 972, this When, mandril 955 is located at the first station, and the first valve port 952 is connected to the second valve port 953, makes brake cylinder air inlet.In this way, this pair It can be operated to operation valve 9 in the two sides of rolling stock and carry out stopping brake, improve vehicle parking brake operating convenience.

Further, the end of the first operating stick 91 and the second operating stick 911 is both provided with handle.The bidirectional operation valve 9 It further include first connecting rod 94 and the second connecting rod 910, the first operating stick 91 is fixed on effect cone by first connecting rod 94 The axial location of the big end of 97 the first cone 971, the first operating stick 91 and first connecting rod 94 are located at the axis of effect cone 97 On line；Second operating stick 911 is fixed on the second cone 972 of effect cone 97, the second operating stick by the second connecting rod 910 911 and second connecting rod 910 be located at effect cone 97 axis on.First operating stick 91 passes through guide 93 with first connecting rod 94 It is fixed；Second operating stick 911 is fixed with the second connecting rod 910 by guide.

The bidirectional operation valve 9 further includes the first support plate 92 and the second support plate 912, the first support plate 92 and second Fagging 912 is fixed on the floor of pillow pulling composition 10 of hopper wagon；First operating stick 91 is threaded through the first support plate by axle sleeve On 92, the first operating stick 91 can be rotated and be slid relative to the first support plate 92；Second operating stick 911 is threaded through by axle sleeve In two support plates 912, the second operating stick 911 can be rotated and be slid relative to the second support plate 912.

Referring to attached drawing 31 and 32, which further includes mounting base 96, and mounting base 96 includes: top plate 961 and two sides Plate 962, top plate 961 are vertically fixed on the top of both side plate 962, and side plate 962 is fixed on the ground of the pillow pulling composition 10 of rolling stock On plate；Valve body 951 is fixed on top plate 961；Top plate 961 opens up the through-hole passed through for mandril 955.First connecting rod 94 is threaded through In one of side plate 962, first connecting rod 94 can be rotated and be slid relative to side plate 962；Second connecting rod 910 is threaded through separately In one side plate 962, the second connecting rod 910 can be rotated and be slid relative to side plate 962.

Further, side plate 962 opens up limit hole 99；The both ends of effect cone 97 are connected separately with gag lever post 98；As When turning to setting position with cone 97,98 energy Following effect cone 97 of gag lever post is moved to the left or right and passes through limit hole 99.Gag lever post 98 is L shape bar, and limit hole 99 is the long stripes through hole being adapted with 98 shape of gag lever post.

Above-described specific embodiment, to the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and beneficial effects carried out into One step is described in detail, it should be understood that being not used to limit the foregoing is merely specific embodiment of the present utility model The utility model processed, within the spirit and principle of the utility model, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done, It should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims (11)

1. a kind of bottom door opening and closing mechanism is used to open or closes the bottom door plate of the chassis composition of car body, which is characterized in that the bottom Door open/close machine include: opening and closing lever, multiple connectors, two pieces of bottom door end plates, two flap seats, two effect levers, two lever round pins, Two jam plates, two jam plate round pins and two bottom door lock pins, in which:

The chassis composition includes bottom door plate described in muti-piece funnel end plate and muti-piece；

Two flap seats are separately fixed at two pieces of funnels for being located at the body end portion position in funnel end plate described in muti-piece On end plate；

The bottom door end plate is rotationally hung on the flap seat by pin shaft；

Two connectors in multiple connectors are separately fixed on two bottom door end plates, remaining described connection Part is fixedly connected by fixed plate with the bottom door plate；Each connector offers the handle hole of kidney ellipsoid；

The opening and closing lever is threaded through in the handle hole of multiple connectors, and can be lifted or be fallen along the handle hole；Institute State the outside that opening and closing lever is located at the car body；

The middle part of the effect lever is rotatablely connected by the lever round pin and the bottom door end plate, and the one of the effect lever It holds hinged with the end of the opening and closing lever；

The middle part of the jam plate is rotatablely connected by the jam plate round pin and the bottom door end plate, and one end of the jam plate opens up recessed Slot, the other end of the jam plate are provided with latch hook portion, and the other end of the effect lever protrudes into the groove；

The bottom door lock pin is fixed on the funnel end plate, and the latch hook portion is set to the bottom door lock pin for hook；

Wherein, after the opening and closing lever is by external lifting force effect, the opening and closing lever is lifted and along the handle hole It moves, the effect lever rotates around the lever round pin, drives the jam plate to rotate around the jam plate round pin, make the latch hook portion It lifts and is detached from the bottom door lock pin, then unlock the jam plate.

2. bottom door opening and closing mechanism as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include two extension springs, the extension spring One end be fixed on the corresponding bottom door end plate, the other end is fixedly connected with the groove ends of the corresponding jam plate；It is described The latch hook subordinate of the jam plate is pressed on the bottom door lock pin by the pulling force of extension spring.

3. bottom door opening and closing mechanism as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include: preloading spring pre-tightens mandril and preload Spring base, in which:

The preloading spring seat is fixedly connected with the funnel end plate；

One end of the preloading spring is fixedly connected with the preloading spring seat, and the other end is fixed with described one end for pre-tightening mandril Connection；

When the bottom door plate is closed, the other end for pre-tightening mandril is against the bottom door end plate, at this point, the preloading spring In compressive state.

4. bottom door opening and closing mechanism as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include: instruction lever, instruction round pin and instruction Plate, in which:

The instruction lever is rotatablely connected by instruction round pin and the funnel end plate；

The instruction lever includes first end and second end, and the gravitational moment of the first end is greater than the gravitational moment of the second end, The first end is pressed against on the bottom door end plate under gravitational moment effect, in the bottom door plate opening procedure, the first end It follows the overturning of the bottom door end plate and falls；

The indicator board is provided with opening mark and closes mark, and after the bottom door plate fully opens, the second end is lifted To the correspondence position for opening mark, after the bottom door plate is closed, the second end drops to the corresponding closing mark Position.

5. bottom door opening and closing mechanism as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include: limited block is fixed on the funnel On end plate, when the bottom door plate fully opens, the bottom door end plate turns to the position against the limited block.

6. a kind of car body, comprising: two side wall compositions, two headwall compositions, top cover composition and chassis composition, which is characterized in that It further include the described in any item bottom door opening and closing mechanisms of two Claims 1 to 5, two bottom door opening and closing mechanisms are separately positioned on The two sides of the car body, the bottom door opening and closing mechanism can open or close the bottom door plate that side is corresponded in the chassis composition.

7. car body as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the two sides of the car body are arranged in two side wall compositions； The side wall composition includes: the bottom side rail being fixed on the floor of pillow pulling composition and the muti-piece lower side wall fixed with the bottom side rail Plate.

8. car body as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that

Chassis composition includes: multiple transverse ridges, multiple longitudinal ridges, bottom door plate described in muti-piece funnel end plate and muti-piece, in which:

Multiple transverse ridge parallel intervals are fixed between the bottom side rail of the car body two sides；The transverse ridge be apex angle upward Folded structure；

Wherein two pieces of lower sections for being separately fixed at headwall composition, remaining described funnel end plate of funnel end plate described in muti-piece are solid It is scheduled below the folded plate of the transverse ridge；

Multiple longitudinal ridges are separately fixed between the adjacent funnel end plate；The longitudinal ridge is the folded structure of apex angle upward； The bottom space of the car body is divided into the multiple bottom door spaces arranged in matrix by the longitudinal ridge and the transverse ridge；

The bottom that the bottom door space is arranged in may be reversed by the bottom door opening and closing mechanism for the bottom door plate, to open or close The bottom door space；The width of the bottom door plate is identical as the spacing of the adjacent transverse ridge；When the bottom door plate is closed, the bottom The inside top surface of door-plate resists the folded plate bottom edge of the longitudinal ridge, and the outer top surface of the bottom door plate resists the bottom of the downside wallboard Side.

9. car body as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the chassis composition further include: funnel end plate reinforcing beam, it is fixed On the side of the funnel end plate, it is located at except the bottom door space.

10. car body as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the bottom door plate is arc panel, and the bottom surface of the bottom door plate is set Several parallel bottom door plate reinforcing beams are equipped with, the bottom door plate reinforcing beam is channel steel structure, the bottom door plate reinforcing beam left-hand thread weldering It connects and is fixed on the bottom door plate.

11. a kind of hopper wagon, comprising: two bogies are fixed with pillow pulling composition on the bogie, which is characterized in that also wrap The described in any item car bodies of claim 6~10 are included, the car body is fixed between two pillow pulling compositions.