CN208638101U - A kind of multiphase hybrid exciting synchronous motor - Google Patents
A kind of multiphase hybrid exciting synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN208638101U CN208638101U CN201721901798.2U CN201721901798U CN208638101U CN 208638101 U CN208638101 U CN 208638101U CN 201721901798 U CN201721901798 U CN 201721901798U CN 208638101 U CN208638101 U CN 208638101U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of multiphase hybrid exciting synchronous motors, by stator core, rotor core, armature winding, excitation winding and set of permanent magnets at, block permanent magnet is equipped between the stator magnetic teeth, the magnetic teeth quantity being separated by between the permanent magnet is equal；According to the relative positional relationship of stator, rotor, on the outside of the excitation slot for being equipped with permanent magnet or inside yoke portion is removed.In inner rotor core, the concentration armature winding and concentration excitation winding are arranged from inside to outside from stator radial direction, and yoke portion is removed on the outside of the excitation slot for being equipped with permanent magnet；In outer-rotor structure, the concentration armature winding and concentration excitation winding are set from stator radial direction ecto-entad, are removed in the excitation slot inside yoke portion for being equipped with permanent magnet.This motor provides excitation magnetic flux by permanent magnet and excitation winding jointly, not only increases the torque density of motor, and have very strong flux control ability, the occasion of wide speed regulating range is needed suitable for wind-power electricity generation, electric car etc..
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of hybrid exciting synchronous motors, belong to technical field of motor manufacture.
Background technique
With the propulsion of process of industrialization and the development of new energy technology, motor is in wind-power electricity generation, new-energy automobile field
It is widely used.Doubly fed induction generator structure is simple, and cost is low, may be implemented when applied to wind generator system
The control of generator side active power and grid side reactive power, and required Converter Capacity is smaller, it is cheap, it occupies empty
Between it is small, but there are slip ring and brush on the electric machine structure, there is the disadvantages of maintenance is inconvenient, poor reliability, to limit it
Use scope.Traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor has the characteristics that high efficiency and high power density, and uses brushless structure, maintenance side
Just, high reliablity is widely applied in common drive field.But conventional brush-less magneto mostly uses greatly rotor permanent magnet
Type structure, i.e. permanent magnet are located at rotor, and this structure has certain limitation: on the one hand, permanent magnetism when to prevent motor from operating
Body is acted on by centrifugal force and is fallen off, and needs the fixing device for installing on rotor, causes its mechanism complicated, increased costs；Another party
Face, since permanent magnet is located at rotor, cooling condition is poor, and heat dissipation is difficult, with the rising of temperature, may cause under permanent magnet performance
Irreversible demagnetization or complete loss of excitation even occur when serious for drop.Therefore, a kind of novel stator type permanent magnet synchronous motor enters
The visual field of people.The permanent magnet of this motor is respectively positioned on stator side, and rotor is only made of iron core, this is not only significantly reduced
The complexity of motor also effectively enhances the thermal diffusivity of permanent magnet, reduces permanent magnet and irreversible demagnetization even loss of excitation occurs
Risk.But permanent magnet synchronous motor not only increases the cost of motor, and the excitation of motor is not due to using permanent magnet
Just it adjusts, when high-speed cruising needs using weak magnetic control technology, this undoubtedly increases the complexity and cost of system.
In order to improve the adjustable magnetic ability of motor, a kind of composite excitation while retaining stator type permanent magnet synchronous motor advantage
Motor has obtained the extensive concern of related scholar.The motor replaces part permanent magnet on the basis of stator type permanent magnet synchronous motor
It is changed to excitation winding, therefore its excitation division point contains permanent magnet and excitation winding, can adjust in motor to quite flexible
Magnetic field strength, and armature winding, excitation winding and permanent magnet are placed in stator, and rotor structure is simple, only by permeability magnetic material group
At high reliablity.However, research shows that the permanent magnetic circuit and magnetic excitation circuit of the motor there are paradoxes, this leads to permanent magnetic field
Its maximum utility can not be played simultaneously with excitation field, the utilization rate of permanent magnet and exciting current is low, generator it is inefficient；
The demand of permanent magnet is larger, and motor cost is relatively high；When short trouble occurs, there are biggish short circuit currents, are applied to wind
The occasions such as power power generation need limiter of moment.
Utility model content
Purpose of utility model:
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, that the utility model aims to provide a kind of adjustable magnetic performances is good, operation
Reliably, brushless, armature winding, excitation winding and permanent magnet be placed in stator and can individually control, structure is simple, at low cost
Hybrid exciting synchronous motor.Size of current by controlling DC excitation winding can control the excitation field of motor, thus
There is wider Constant-power speed range when guaranteeing the motor as motor running, and run as generator in friction speed
When export constant voltage；In addition, since permanent magnet magnetizing direction is along same tangent to periphery direction, when exciting current is not present,
Permanent magnetic field only forms closed circuit in stator side, and the total magnetic flux of every phase winding linkage is zero at this time, output voltage zero, thus
Guarantee when short trouble occurs, by the size for controlling exciting current, so that it may guarantee that short circuit current is almost nil, avoid short
To the impact of blower when the failure of road, limiter of moment is eliminated.
Technical solution:
In order to achieve the above functions, the utility model provides a kind of new type composite excitation synchronous motor, it is fixed by one
Sub 11, rotors 10 concentrate armature winding 111, central excitation winding 112 and permanent magnet 113 to form；The stator 11 and turn
Son 10 is made of permeability magnetic material and has air gap therebetween, and the stator 11 is equipped with stator magnetic teeth 110, and stator is led
There is slot between magnetic tooth 110, permanent magnet 113 is equipped in partial groove, stator magnetic teeth 110, which is equipped with, concentrates 111 sum aggregate of armature winding
Middle excitation winding 112.
Block permanent magnet 113, the magnetic teeth being separated by between the permanent magnet 113 are equipped between the stator magnetic teeth 110
110 quantity are equal；According to the relative positional relationship of stator 11, rotor 10, on the outside of the excitation slot for being equipped with permanent magnet 113 or inside
Yoke portion is removed.
Further, in 10 structure of internal rotor, the concentration armature winding 111 and concentrate excitation winding 112 from stator
Radial direction is arranged from inside to outside, and yoke portion is removed on the outside of the excitation slot for being equipped with permanent magnet 113.
Further, in 10 structure of outer rotor, the concentration armature winding 111 and concentrate excitation winding 112 from stator
Radial direction ecto-entad is set, and is removed in the excitation slot inside yoke portion for being equipped with permanent magnet 113.
The number of said stator magnetic teeth 110 is Ns=4*m*k*n；Wherein, 2*m* is successively wound in stator magnetic teeth 110
K*n concentration armature winding 111, it is each concentrate 111 sets of armature winding two adjacent stator magnetic teeths 110, adjacent collection
Middle armature winding 111 shares a slot, and setting concentrates the slot of armature winding 111 to be known as armature slot；In remaining 2*m*k*n slot according to
Secondary setting central excitation winding 112,112 sets of each central excitation winding two adjacent stator magnetic teeths 110, it is two neighboring
Central excitation winding 112 shares or one slot in interval, and the slot of setting central excitation winding 112 is known as excitation slot；The stator 11
Equipped with n*m*k/2*q block permanent magnet 113, permanent magnet 113 are evenly distributed in excitation trench bottom in total；Equipped with permanent magnet 113
Excitation slot outside yoke portion be removed, the central excitation winding 112 in slot is distributed in the radial outside of permanent magnet 113；
The rotor 10 is made of tooth socket type permeability magnetic material, and the number of rotor magnetic teeth is Nr=(2*m*k ± 1) n；
Wherein, m is the number of phases of motor, and n is electric motor units number, and k is any one phase armature winding string in each electric motor units
111 logarithm of concentration armature winding of connection, q is positive integer, can use 1 or 2, and when m*n*k is odd number, q can only take 2.
Further, in above-mentioned each electric motor units any one phase armature winding by k to concentrate 111 series connection group of armature winding
At from first concentration armature winding 111 of any one phase, the concentration armature winding 111 that k is continuously placed is set as same
One phase sets gradually thereafter k concentration armature winding 111 for belonging to adjacent phase, is arranged successively by above-mentioned arrangement mode, until electricity
Machine unit all complete by arrangement；2k concentration armature winding 111 for belonging to same phase forms k to armature winding in complementary sets, wherein
Two concentration armature winding 111 in any pair of concentration armature winding differ half of rotor polar distance with the relative position of rotor 10
τs, 180 degree electrical angle is corresponded to, n electric motor units are set gradually, and the concentration armature winding of same phase is belonged in different electric motor units
The connection of 111 serial or parallel connections.
When above-mentioned motor every two central excitation winding 112 is spaced a slot, the magnetic field of the generation of central excitation winding 112
Direction is identical；When every two central excitation winding 112 shares a slot, the magnetic field of the adjacent generation of two central excitations winding 112
It is contrary；Central excitation winding 112 in each electric motor units is connected into excitation winding unit, encouraging in n electric motor units
The connection of magnetic winding element serial or parallel connection.
Further, the magnetizing direction of all permanent magnets 113 of above-mentioned motor is along same tangent to periphery direction；Every piece of permanent magnet
113 magnetizing direction is opposite with the magnetic direction of central excitation winding 112 positioned at its radial outside.When central excitation winding
When the exciting current being passed through in 112 is zero, permanent magnetic field is only existed in motor, and permanent magnetic field only forms ring in 11 part of stator
Shape closed magnetic circuit does not pass through air gap and rotor 10, and concentrating the total magnetic flux of linkage in armature winding 111 is zero.
As a preference, the concentration armature winding 111 and concentration excitation winding 112 are copper or superconductor, permanent magnetism
Body 113 is ferrite or Fe-Co-Ni material.
As a preference, above-mentioned hybrid exciting synchronous motor can make motor or generator operation.
Technical effect:
The utility model uses above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, has following technical effect that
A kind of mixed excitation electric machine provided by the utility model, excitation field is by excitation winding and permanent magnet collective effect
It generates.Armature winding, excitation winding and the permanent magnet of the motor are respectively positioned on stator side, and rotor is only by tooth socket type permeability magnetic material structure
At structure is simple, high reliablity.Armature winding and excitation winding can be controlled individually, and pass through control DC excitation winding
Size of current can control the excitation field of motor, thus reach speed constant pressure output and constant speed transformation output characteristics, use
Make that generator incision wind speed range can be improved when the occasions such as wind-power electricity generation, improves the efficiency in wide velocity interval；Institute in motor
There is the magnetizing direction of permanent magnet along same tangent to periphery direction, this permanent magnet arrangement mode can weaken motor stator yoke portion
Magnetic field, reduces the magnetic field degree of saturation of motor, and increases the magnetic flux for passing through threephase armature winding, effectively improve excitation around
The utilization rate and electric efficiency of group, compared with conventional hybrid excitation electromotor, the effect of composite excitation is had been significantly improved.This
Outside, although mixed excitation electric machine provided by the utility model uses magnet structure, when exciting current is zero, permanent magnet
It will not play a role, permanent magnetic field does not pass through air gap and rotor, only forms closed circuit in stator side, and pass through three-phase electricity
The total magnetic flux of pivot winding is zero, output voltage zero, therefore when generation short trouble, only need to cut off in time exciting current and just can
Effectively avoid motor therefore caused by short circuit current and the excessive problem of torque, eliminate limiter of moment, improving entire system
Great amount of cost is saved while reliability and stability of uniting.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
A kind of 1 electric machine structure schematic diagram of hybrid exciting synchronous motor embodiment of Fig. 1 the utility model；
A kind of 2 electric machine structure schematic diagram of hybrid exciting synchronous motor embodiment of Fig. 2 the utility model；
A kind of 3 electric machine structure schematic diagram of hybrid exciting synchronous motor embodiment of Fig. 3 the utility model；
A kind of 4 electric machine structure schematic diagram of hybrid exciting synchronous motor embodiment of Fig. 4 the utility model；
A kind of 5 electric machine structure schematic diagram of hybrid exciting synchronous motor embodiment of Fig. 5 the utility model；
A kind of 6 electric machine structure schematic diagram of hybrid exciting synchronous motor embodiment of Fig. 6 the utility model.
Specific embodiment
The utility model provides a kind of hybrid exciting synchronous motor, to make the purpose of this utility model, technical solution and effect
Fruit is clearer, clear, and referring to attached drawing and gives an actual example to the utility model further description.It should be appreciated that herein
Described specific implementation only to explain the utility model, is not used to limit the utility model.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of hybrid exciting synchronous motor of the utility model by 11, rotors 10 of a stator, is concentrated
Armature winding 111, central excitation winding 112 and permanent magnet 113 form；The stator 11 and rotor 10 are made of permeability magnetic material
And there is therebetween air gap, the stator 11 is equipped with stator magnetic teeth 110, has slot, partial groove between stator magnetic teeth 110
In be equipped with permanent magnet 113, be arranged alternately in stator magnetic teeth 110 and concentrate armature winding 111 and concentrate excitation winding 112.This reality
It applies in a motor, m=3, n=2, k=1, q=1, wherein m is the number of phases of motor, and n is electric motor units number, and k is each motor list
Concatenated 111 logarithm of concentration armature winding of a phase armature winding in member, q are the coefficient for determining permanent magnet quantity.That is, the motor is
Three-phase motor has A, B, C three-phase, includes 2 electric motor units, has k=1 to armature winding is concentrated in each electric motor units, determines
The number of sub- magnetic teeth 110 is Ns=4*m*n*k=24；It is 2*m* that magnetic teeth, which is successively arranged and concentrates the number of armature winding 111,
N*k=12, each 111 sets of concentration armature winding two stator magnetic teeths 110, adjacent concentration armature winding 111 share one
A slot；Set gradually 2*m*k*n=12 central excitation winding 112 in remaining 2*m*k*n=12 slot, each central excitation around
112 sets of group two adjacent stator magnetic teeths 110, every two central excitation winding 112 share a slot, adjacent two concentration is encouraged
The magnetic direction that magnetic winding 112 generates is opposite；Excitation winding coupled in series composition first in stator 11 in first motor unit
Excitation winding unit, the first excitation winding unit and the second excitation winding unit can be connected in series or in parallel excitation winding；It is described
The block number of permanent magnet 113 is n*m*k/2*q=3 on stator 11, is uniformly embedded in excitation trench bottom, all permanent magnets 113 fill
Magnetic direction along same tangent to periphery direction, and in the excitation slot at place magnet exciting coil generate magnetic direction it is opposite.Turn
Son 10 is made of tooth socket type permeability magnetic material, and the number of rotor magnetic teeth is Nr=(2*m*k ± 1) n, works as k=1, m=3, n=2
When, Nr can be 10,14, and the present embodiment takes Nr=14.
By k=1, n=2 in this present embodiment, in each electric motor units the concatenated concentration armature of any one phase winding institute around
Group 111 logarithm be k=1 (A1 in first motor unit and A2 or A3 and A4 in the second electric motor units as shown in figure 1), from appoint
First concentration armature winding of a phase of anticipating plays (such as from A1), has the k=1 concentration armature winding being placed adjacent to belong to same
Phase sets gradually thereafter k=1 concentration armature winding 111 (i.e. B1 and C1 in Fig. 1) for belonging to adjacent phase, according to above-mentioned row
Column mode, the arrangement mode of armature winding in the three-phase set in first motor unit are as follows: A1-B1-C1-A2-B2-C2.Belong to
2k=2 of Yu Tongxiang concentrates armature winding 111 to differ half of rotor polar distance with secondary relative position, corresponds to 180 degree electricity
Air horn degree, A phase two concentrates armature winding A1 and A2 as shown in figure 1.At this point, concentrate armature winding A1 across two magnetic teeths, wherein
Heart line faces the center line of 10 tooth of rotor, and the center line of armature winding A2 is concentrated to face the center line of 10 slot of rotor, and two
Person differs half of rotor polar distance with the relative position of rotor 10, spatially differs 180 degree electric angle.
If not considering the influence of permanent magnet 113 and yoke portion notch, due to the magnetic field of the adjacent generation of central excitation winding 112
Contrary, the winding mode that armature winding A1, A2 is rationally arranged can be such that generation counter electromotive force in winding is overlapped mutually, and present
It is complementary out.During rotor 10 rotates electric period (that is, one 10 pole span of stator of rotation), concentrate armature winding A1 and
There are the differences on magnetic circuit by A2.When position as shown in Figure 1, if assuming, concentrating magnetic linkage in armature winding A1 at this time is approximately zero, is claimed
It for the first equilbrium position, and concentrates armature winding A2 different from the position of A1 relative rotor, differs half of 10 pole span of rotor, at this time
The magnetic linkage in armature winding A2 is concentrated to be also approximately at zero, therefore the position is known as the second equilbrium position.Rotor 10 is revolving counterclockwise
During turning an electric period, magnetic linkage amplitude change procedure in armature winding A1 is concentrated are as follows: the first equilbrium position --- just most
Amplitude --- the second equilbrium position --- negative maximum amplitude --- first equilbrium position；And concentrate magnetic linkage width in armature winding A2
It is worth change procedure are as follows: the second equilbrium position --- positive maximum amplitude --- the first equilbrium position --- negative maximum amplitude --- second
Equilbrium position.Magnetic linkage variation tendency symmetrical complement in two parts armature winding.Concentrate armature winding A1 and A2 be connected into A phase around
After group, the harmonic component for the back-emf that they are generated is cancelled out each other, and obtained opposite potential has preferable sine.Equally,
Concentration armature winding A3, A4 in second electric motor units also have the characteristic of first motor unit, therefore, concentrate armature winding
Also there is complementary characteristic between A3, A4.When concentration armature winding A1, A2, A3 and A4 in two electric motor units are composed in series A phase
When winding, the back-emf higher hamonic wave generated in concentratred winding is cancelled out each other, and has preferable sine, to reduce torque
Fluctuation is highly suitable for brushless ac (BLAC) control.B, C two-phase equally have the characteristics that A phase, phase mutual deviation between three-phase
120 ° of electrical angles.
If the electric current being passed through in central excitation winding 112 is zero, only consider permanent magnet 113 effect when, due to it is all forever
Along same tangent to periphery direction, permanent magnetic field only forms closed magnetic circuit in stator 11, will not wear the magnetizing direction of magnet 113
Air gap and rotor 10 are crossed, therefore electromagnetic torque will not be generated.As shown in Figure 1, if being reference with permanent magnet PM1, permanent magnetic field
--- the stator magnetic teeth --- stator yoke --- and permanent magnetism adjacent with permanent magnet PM1 that magnetic circuit can be described as: permanent magnet PM1
Body PM2 adjacent stator magnetic teeth --- permanent magnet PM2, and remaining permanent magnet is sequentially passed through according to this path, it ultimately forms
Closed magnetic circuit.Permanent magnetic field will necessarily pass through the concentration armature winding 111 of 113 periphery of permanent magnet when passing through permanent magnet 113,
Such as when permanent magnetic field pass through permanent magnet PM2 while will necessarily pass through concentrate armature winding A3, but due to air-gap reluctance compared with
Greatly, permanent magnetic field will not enter rotor 10 by air gap, thus penetrate be pierced by concentrate armature winding A3 permanent magnetic field it is identical,
It is final to concentrate the permanent magnet flux linkage in armature winding A3 almost nil；And other concentrations armature winding A1, A2 and A4 of A phase are come
It says, since permanent magnet flux linkage extends only through the stator yoke on the outside of winding, will not traverse into or out and concentrate armature winding A1, A2 and A4,
Their permanent magnet flux linkage is also zero.This phenomenon does not change with the rotation of rotor 10, therefore A during rotor 10 rotates
The magnetic linkage of phase is always zero, and no opposite potential generates.Since permanent magnet 113 is uniformly distributed and three-phase symmetrical, B, C two-phase equally have
There is the characteristics of A phase.This characteristic effectively eliminates conventional hybrid excitation electromotor can not complete demagnetization when short trouble occurs
And the shortcomings that excessive short circuit current.
When considering permanent magnet 113 and the magnetic field for concentrating excitation winding 112 to generate simultaneously, due to magnetizing for permanent magnet 113
Direction and positioned at its radial outside central excitation winding 112 generate magnetic direction on the contrary, specific manifestation are as follows: on the one hand,
Stator yoke, permanent magnetic field and electricity excitation magnetic field are contrary, and when the magnetic field degree of saturation of stator 11 is excessively high, permanent magnetic field can have
Effect ground reduces the degree of saturation in stator yoke magnetic field, and motor iron loss is effectively reduced；On the other hand, permanent magnetic field can reduce fixed
The magnetic field degree of saturation of sub- magnetic teeth 110, so that the excitation flux linkage in three-phase windings is improved indirectly, and permanent magnetic field is due to it
Magnetic circuit characters, the permanent magnet flux linkage of linkage is always zero in three-phase windings, therefore, can effectively improve the anti-electricity of three-phase windings
Gesture.But also due to the reason of permanent magnet, the counter electromotive force that three-phase windings generate is without apparent complementarity.
When motor needs to operate in high speed, reduce the size of DC excitation electric current, to reduce the excitation field of motor
Intensity reaches speed regulation purpose.When needing to increase motor torque when low speed, DC excitation electric current can be increased, improve output torque.
When short trouble occurs, DC excitation electric current is cut off in time, can effectively inhibit short circuit current, and the output of limiting motor turns
Square.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 2 is a hybrid exciting synchronous motor.In the present embodiment, m=3, n=2, k=1, q=2.With 1 electricity of embodiment
Machine the difference is that, on the present embodiment stator 11 block number of permanent magnet 113 be n*m*k/2*q=6, be uniformly embedded in excitation
Trench bottom.
In the present embodiment, the quantity of machine winding and arrangement mode be with embodiment 1, magnetic linkage variation in three-phase windings and
Counter electromotive force has characteristic same as Example 1.Permanent magnet block number increases one times relative to 1 motor of embodiment, m*n*k/
2*q=6 block permanent magnet is uniformly distributed and symmetrically.Due to the magnetizing direction of permanent magnet 113 and implementation in the present embodiment motor
1 motor of example feature having the same, the magnetizing direction of all permanent magnets 113 along same tangent to periphery direction, and with place
The magnetic direction that magnet exciting coil in excitation slot generates is on the contrary, as shown in Fig. 2, the magnetic circuit of permanent magnetic field still can be described as:
Permanent magnet PM1 --- the stator magnetic teeth --- stator yoke --- adjacent with the permanent magnet PM1 stator adjacent with permanent magnet PM2
Magnetic teeth --- permanent magnet PM2, and remaining permanent magnet is sequentially passed through according to this path, ultimately form closed magnetic circuit.Permanent-magnet magnetic
Field will necessarily pass through the concentration armature winding 111 of 113 periphery of permanent magnet when passing through permanent magnet 113, for example work as permanent magnetic field
It will necessarily be passed through while across permanent magnet PM1 or PM4 and concentrate armature winding A1 or A3, but since air-gap reluctance is larger, forever
Magnetic magnetic field will not enter rotor 10 by air gap, thus penetrate be pierced by concentrate armature winding A1 or A3 permanent magnetic field it is identical,
It is final to concentrate the permanent magnet flux linkage in armature winding A1 or A3 almost nil；And for other concentrations the armature winding A2 and A4 of A phase
For, since permanent magnet flux linkage extends only through the stator yoke on the outside of winding, it will not traverse into or out and concentrate armature winding A2 and A4, it
Permanent magnet flux linkage be also zero.This phenomenon does not change with the rotation of rotor 10, the magnetic of A phase during rotor 10 rotates
Chain is always zero, and no opposite potential generates.Since permanent magnet 113 is uniformly distributed and three-phase symmetrical, B, C two-phase equally have A phase
Characteristic.Therefore the characteristics of the present embodiment motor is likewise supplied with the utility model motor.
Embodiment 3
Fig. 3 is also a hybrid exciting synchronous motor.In the present embodiment, m=3, n=1, k=1, q=2, that is, the motor
For three-phase motor, there is A, B, C three-phase, include 1 electric motor units, have k=1 in each electric motor units to concentrating armature winding,
The number of stator magnetic teeth 110 is Ns=4*m*n*k=12；It is 2* that magnetic teeth, which is successively arranged and concentrates the number of armature winding 111,
M*n*k=6, each 111 sets of concentration armature winding two magnetic teeths 110, adjacent concentration armature winding 111 share one
Slot concentrates the arrangement mode of armature winding identical with 2 motor of embodiment；2*m* is set gradually in remaining 2*m*k*n=6 slot
K*n=6 central excitation winding 112,112 sets of each central excitation winding two adjacent stator magnetic teeths 110, every two
Central excitation winding 112 shares a slot, and the magnetic direction that adjacent two central excitations winding 112 generates is opposite；In stator 11
Excitation winding coupled in series in one electric motor units forms the first excitation winding unit, the first excitation winding unit and the second excitation
Winding element can be connected in series or in parallel excitation winding；The block number of permanent magnet 113 is n*m*k/2*q=3 on the stator 11,
It is even to be embedded in excitation trench bottom.Rotor 10 is made of tooth socket type permeability magnetic material, the number of rotor magnetic teeth be Nr=(2*m*k ±
1) n, works as k=1, and when m=3, n=1, Nr can be 5,7, and the present embodiment takes Nr=7.
The magnetizing direction of permanent magnet 113 and 1 motor of embodiment feature having the same, all permanent magnetism in the present embodiment motor
The magnetizing direction of body 113 is along same tangent to periphery direction, and the magnetic field side generated with the magnet exciting coil in the excitation slot at place
To opposite.As shown in figure 3, the magnetic circuit of permanent magnetic field still can be described as: permanent magnet PM1 --- it is adjacent with permanent magnet PM1
Stator magnetic teeth --- stator yoke --- the stator magnetic teeth adjacent with permanent magnet PM2 --- permanent magnet PM2, and according to this road
Diameter sequentially passes through remaining permanent magnet, ultimately forms closed magnetic circuit.Permanent magnetic field will necessarily pass through while passing through permanent magnet PM2
Concentrate armature winding A2, but since air-gap reluctance is larger, permanent magnetic field will not enter rotor 10 by air gap, therefore penetrate and
It is pierced by and concentrates the permanent magnetic field of armature winding A2 identical, it is final to concentrate the permanent magnet flux linkage in armature winding A2 almost nil；And it is right
In A phase other concentrate armature winding A1 for, since permanent magnet flux linkage extends only through the stator yoke on the outside of winding, will not penetrate or
It is pierced by and concentrates armature winding A1, their permanent magnet flux linkage is also zero.This phenomenon does not change with the rotation of rotor 10, in rotor
The magnetic linkage of A phase is always zero during 10 rotations, and no opposite potential generates.Since permanent magnet 113 is uniformly distributed and three is opposite
Claim, B, C two-phase equally have the characteristic of A phase.Therefore the characteristics of the present embodiment motor is likewise supplied with the utility model motor.
Embodiment 4
Fig. 4 is a hybrid exciting synchronous motor.The present embodiment the difference is that only with 3 motor of embodiment, this reality
The structure type for being spaced a slot in example using every two central excitation winding 112 is applied, central excitation winding 112 generates at this time
The characteristics of magnetic direction is identical, that is, is directed toward the direction in the center of circle, therefore the present embodiment motor is likewise supplied with the utility model motor.
Embodiment 5
Fig. 5 is a hybrid exciting synchronous motor.The present embodiment the difference is that only with 3 motor of embodiment, this reality
Motor described in example is applied using outer-rotor structure, stator 11 is placed in inside rotor 10, has air gap therebetween；Diameter on stator 11
It is successively arranged from the outside to the core to direction and concentrates armature winding 111 and concentration excitation winding 112；Permanent magnet 113 is located on stator 11
Excitation groove top portion, and yoke portion on the inside of the excitation slot is removed.The winding and permanent magnet of the motor as described in the present embodiment
Distribution mode is same
Embodiment 3, its Magnetic circuit characters are consistent with 3 motor of embodiment, thus the present embodiment motor be likewise supplied with it is practical
The characteristics of New-type electric machine.
Embodiment 6
Fig. 6 is also a hybrid exciting synchronous motor.In the present embodiment, m=3, n=1, k=2, q=2, that is, the motor
For three-phase motor, there is A, B, C three-phase, include 1 electric motor units, have k=2 in each electric motor units to concentrating armature winding,
The number of stator magnetic teeth 110 is Ns=4*m*n*k=24；Be successively arranged in magnetic teeth concentrate armature winding 111 number be
2*m*n*k=12, each 111 sets of concentration armature winding two magnetic teeths 110, adjacent concentration armature winding 111 share one
A slot；Set gradually 2*m*k*n=12 central excitation winding 112 in remaining 2*m*k*n=12 slot, each central excitation around
112 sets of group two adjacent stator magnetic teeths 110, every two central excitation winding 112 share a slot, adjacent two concentration
The magnetic direction that excitation winding 112 generates is opposite；The block number of permanent magnet 113 is n*m*k/2*q=6 on the stator 11, uniformly
It is embedded in excitation trench bottom, the magnetizing direction of all permanent magnets 113 is along same tangent to periphery direction, and the excitation slot with place
In magnet exciting coil generate magnetic direction it is opposite.Rotor 10 is made of tooth socket type permeability magnetic material, and the number of rotor magnetic teeth is
Nr=(2*m*k ± 1) n, works as k=2, and when m=3, n=1, Nr can be 11,13, and the present embodiment takes Nr=13.Due to the present embodiment
Middle k=2, n=1, any one phase armature winding is by k=2 to concentrating armature winding to be composed in series (such as Fig. 6 in each electric motor units
Middle A1 and A2 and A1 ' and A2 '), from first concentration armature winding of any one phase (such as from A1), there is k=2 a adjacent
The concentration armature winding of placement belongs to same phase (i.e. A1 and A1 '), sets gradually the k=2 concentration electricity for belonging to adjacent phase thereafter
Pivot winding (i.e. B1 and B1 ', C1 and C1 ' in Fig. 2), according to above-mentioned arrangement mode, the arrangement mode of armature winding in three-phase set
Are as follows: A1A1 '-B1B1 '-C1C1 '-A2A2 '-B2B2 '-C2C2 '.In the present embodiment motor, any pair of concentration armature around
Two concentration armature winding in group differ half of rotor polar distance τ with secondary relative positions, correspond to 180 degree electric angle (such as
A1 and A2 and A1 ' and A2 ' in Fig. 6).The difference is that, the present embodiment motor is by rationally setting with other embodiments motor
The winding mode of armature winding is set, 2k=4 concentration armature winding for belonging to same phase can be made to form k=2 to armature in complementary sets
Winding, wherein the two has complementary characteristic, when being composed in series a phase winding, the complementary back-emf harmonic wave concentrated in armature winding
It cancels out each other, phase potential is more sinusoidal.
The magnetizing direction of permanent magnet 113 and 2 motor of embodiment feature having the same in the present embodiment motor.Such as Fig. 6 institute
Show, the magnetic circuit of permanent magnetic field still can be described as: permanent magnet PM1 --- the stator magnetic teeth adjacent with permanent magnet PM1 ---
Stator yoke --- the stator magnetic teeth adjacent with permanent magnet PM2 --- permanent magnet PM2, and remainder is sequentially passed through according to this path
Permanent magnet, ultimately form closed magnetic circuit.It will necessarily be passed through while permanent magnetic field passes through permanent magnet PM1 or PM4 and concentrate electricity
Pivot winding A1 or A2, but since air-gap reluctance is larger, permanent magnetic field will not enter rotor 10 by air gap, thus penetrate and
It is pierced by and concentrates the permanent magnetic field of armature winding A1 or A2 identical, the permanent magnet flux linkage in final concentration armature winding A1 or A2 is almost
Zero；And other of A phase are concentrated for armature winding A1 ' and A2 ', the stator yoke on the outside of winding is extended only through due to permanent magnet flux linkage
Portion will not traverse into or out and concentrate armature winding A1 ' and A2 ', their permanent magnet flux linkage is also zero.This phenomenon is not with rotor 10
Rotation and change, the magnetic linkage of A phase is always zero during rotor 10 rotates, and no opposite potential generates.Due to permanent magnet
113 are uniformly distributed and three-phase symmetrical, B, C two-phase equally have the characteristic of A phase.Therefore the present embodiment motor is likewise supplied with this reality
The characteristics of with New-type electric machine.
Embodiment 7
In the present embodiment, m=5, n=1, k=1, q=2, that is, the motor is five-phase induction motor, includes 1 electric motor units, often
There is k=1 to armature winding is concentrated in a electric motor units, the number of stator magnetic teeth 110 is Ns=4*m*n*k=20；Magnetic teeth
Be successively arranged concentrate armature winding 111 number be 2*m*n*k=10, each 111 sets of concentration armature winding two stators lead
Magnetic tooth 110, adjacent concentration armature winding 111 share a slot；2*m*k*n is set gradually in remaining 2*m*k*n=10 slot
=10 central excitation windings 112,112 sets of each central excitation winding two adjacent magnetic teeths 110, every two concentration encourage
Magnetic winding 112 shares a slot, and the magnetic direction that adjacent two central excitations winding 112 generates is opposite；First motor in stator 11
Excitation winding coupled in series in unit forms the first excitation winding unit, the first excitation winding unit and the second excitation winding list
Member can be connected in series or in parallel excitation winding；The block number of permanent magnet 113 is m*n/2*q=5 on the stator 11, is uniformly embedded in
Excitation trench bottom is spaced 8*k/q=4 stator magnetic teeth 110 between every two pieces of permanent magnets.Rotor 10 is by tooth socket type permeability magnetic material
Composition, the number of rotor magnetic teeth are Nr=(2*m*k ± 1) n, work as k=1, and when m=3, n=1, Nr can be 9,11, the present embodiment
Take Nr=11.
The magnetizing direction of permanent magnet 113 and 1 motor of embodiment also feature having the same, Suo Youyong in the present embodiment motor
The magnetizing direction of magnet 113 is along same tangent to periphery direction, and the magnetic field generated with the magnet exciting coil in the excitation slot at place
Contrary, permanent magnetic field only forms closed magnetic circuit in stator 11.As shown in figure 5, the magnetic circuit of permanent magnetic field can still describe
Are as follows: --- the stator magnetic teeth --- stator yoke --- adjacent with permanent magnet PM1 is adjacent with permanent magnet PM2 by permanent magnet PM1
Stator magnetic teeth --- permanent magnet PM2, and remaining permanent magnet is sequentially passed through according to this path, ultimately form closed magnetic circuit.Forever
Magnetic magnetic field will necessarily pass through while passing through permanent magnet PM1 and concentrate armature winding A1, but since air-gap reluctance is larger, permanent-magnet magnetic
It will not enter rotor 10 by air gap, therefore penetrate and concentrate the permanent magnetic field of armature winding A1 identical with being pierced by, it is final to concentrate
Permanent magnet flux linkage in armature winding A1 is almost nil；And other of A phase are concentrated for armature winding A2, due to permanent-magnet magnetic
Chain extends only through the stator yoke on the outside of winding, will not traverse into or out and concentrate armature winding A2, their permanent magnet flux linkage is also zero.
This phenomenon does not change with the rotation of rotor 10, and the magnetic linkage of A phase is always zero during rotor 10 rotates, without opposite electricity
Gesture generates.Since permanent magnet 113 is uniformly distributed, B, C, D, E phase are equally with the characteristic of A phase.Therefore the present embodiment motor is same
Has the characteristics of the utility model motor.
The hybrid exciting synchronous motor of the utility model may operate in motor or Generator Status.
The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.Current row
The technical staff of industry is described in above embodiments and description it should be appreciated that the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments
Only illustrate the principles of the present invention, on the premise of not departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model is also
It will have various changes and improvements, these various changes and improvements fall within the scope of the claimed invention.The utility model
Claimed range is defined by the appending claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multiphase hybrid exciting synchronous motor, the motor include rotor (10), stator (11), concentrate armature winding (111),
Central excitation winding (112) and permanent magnet (113)；The stator (11) and rotor (10) be made of permeability magnetic material and the two it
Between there is air gap, the stator (11) is equipped with stator magnetic teeth (110), has slot between stator magnetic teeth (110), in partial groove
Equipped with permanent magnet (113), stator magnetic teeth (110), which is equipped with, to be concentrated armature winding (111) and concentrates excitation winding (112)；Its
It is characterized in that,
Block permanent magnet (113) are equipped between the stator magnetic teeth (110), the magnetic conduction being separated by between the permanent magnet (113)
Tooth (110) quantity is equal；According to the relative positional relationship of stator (11), rotor (10), in the excitation slot for being equipped with permanent magnet (113)
Outside or inside yoke portion are removed.
2. a kind of multiphase hybrid exciting synchronous motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in internal rotor (10) structure
In, the concentration armature winding (111) and concentration excitation winding (112) are arranged from inside to outside from stator radial direction, are being equipped with
Yoke portion is removed on the outside of the excitation slot of permanent magnet (113).
3. a kind of multiphase hybrid exciting synchronous motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in outer rotor (10) structure
In, the concentration armature winding (111) and concentration excitation winding (112) are set from stator radial direction ecto-entad, are being equipped with forever
The excitation slot inside yoke portion of magnet (113) is removed.
4. a kind of multiphase hybrid exciting synchronous motor according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the stator magnetic conduction
The number of tooth (110) is Ns=4*m*k*n, and each concentration armature winding (111) covers two adjacent stator magnetic teeths
(110), adjacent concentration armature winding (111) shares a slot, and setting concentrates the slot of armature winding (111) to be known as armature slot；
It is set gradually in remaining slot central excitation winding (112), each central excitation winding (112) covers two adjacent stator magnetic conductions
Tooth (110), two neighboring central excitation winding (112) shares or one slot in interval, the slot of setting central excitation winding (112) claim
For excitation slot；The stator (11) is equipped with n*m*k/2*q block permanent magnet (113) in total, is equably embedded in excitation trench bottom；
The number of rotor magnetic teeth is Nr=(2*m*k ± 1) n；
Wherein, m is the number of phases of motor, and n is electric motor units number, and k is that any one phase armature winding is concatenated in each electric motor units
Armature winding (111) logarithm is concentrated, m, n, k, q are positive integer, and wherein q takes 1 or 2, and q can only take 2 when m*n*k is odd number.
5. a kind of multiphase hybrid exciting synchronous motor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that appoint in each electric motor units
A phase armature winding of anticipating is composed in series concentration armature winding (111) by k, from first concentration armature winding of any one phase
(111) it rises, sets same phase for the concentration armature winding (111) that k are continuously placed, set gradually belong to adjacent phase thereafter
K concentration armature winding (111), is arranged successively by above-mentioned arrangement mode, until electric motor units all complete by arrangement；Belong to same phase
2k concentration armature winding (111) form k to armature winding in complementary sets, wherein concentrating two in armature winding for any pair
A concentration armature winding (111) differs half of rotor polar distance τ with the relative position of rotor (10)s, correspond to 180 degree electrical angle, n
A electric motor units are set gradually, and concentration armature winding (111) the serial or parallel connection connection of same phase is belonged in different electric motor units.
6. a kind of multiphase hybrid exciting synchronous motor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that when every two central excitation
When winding (112) is spaced a slot, the magnetic direction that central excitation winding (112) generates is identical；When every two central excitation around
When group (112) shares a slot, the magnetic direction that adjacent two central excitations winding (112) generates is opposite；In each electric motor units
Central excitation winding (112) be connected into excitation winding unit, excitation winding unit serial or parallel connection in n electric motor units connection
It connects.
7. a kind of multiphase hybrid exciting synchronous motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that all permanent magnets (113)
Magnetizing direction along same tangent to periphery direction；The magnetizing direction of every piece of permanent magnet (113) and it is located at its radial outside or inside
Central excitation winding (112) magnetic direction it is opposite；When the exciting current being passed through in central excitation winding (112) is zero,
Permanent magnetic field is only existed in motor, and permanent magnetic field only forms annular closed magnetic circuit in stator (11) part, concentrates armature winding
(111) total magnetic flux of linkage is zero in.
8. a kind of multiphase hybrid exciting synchronous motor described according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 7, which is characterized in that the collection
Middle excitation winding (112) and concentration armature winding (111) are copper or superconductor.
9. a kind of multiphase hybrid exciting synchronous motor described according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 7, which is characterized in that it is described forever
Magnet (113) is ferrite or Fe-Co-Ni material.
10. a kind of multiphase hybrid exciting synchronous motor described according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 7, which is characterized in that described mixed
Closing excitation magnetic synchronization motor is motor or generator.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201721901798.2U CN208638101U (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | A kind of multiphase hybrid exciting synchronous motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721901798.2U CN208638101U (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | A kind of multiphase hybrid exciting synchronous motor |
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