CN208630284U - Compound independent suspension and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of compound independent suspension, the lower control arm of the lower hinge of the lower hinge and the other end and vehicle frame of top including one end and vehicle wheel component is hinged and the top of the other end and vehicle frame is hinged upper suspension arm and one end and vehicle wheel component, vehicle wheel component, upper suspension arm, lower control arm and vehicle frame composition link mechanism are so that vehicle wheel component is swung up and down around vehicle frame when vehicle is impacted, upper suspension arm is equipped with air bag, lower control arm is equipped with the torsion bar for following lower control arm to rotate, torsion bar is equipped with torsion bar limiting device far from the positive stop end of lower control arm, torsion bar limiting device is used to cooperate with vehicle height adjusting device so as to vehicle heavy duty and/or individually work from air bag when being impacted and be switched to air bag and torsion bar concurs.It is firm that the compound independent suspension of the utility model works under bad working environments, and system characteristics of compact layout has wide application space in commercial vehicle field.

Description

Compound independent suspension and vehicle

Technical field

The utility model relates to suspension technical fields, particularly, are related to a kind of compound independent suspension and vehicle.

Background technique

Suspension is the component general name for being attached vehicle wheel component and vehicle frame.The characteristic of suspension has been largely fixed vehicle Traveling ride comfort and handling maneuver stability.In common independent suspension, elastic element is usually air bag, helical spring And torsion-bar spring, there is different applications respectively according to different usage scenarios.Regardless of elastomeric element, all there is certain lack It falls into, it cannot be guaranteed that vehicle has reasonable rigidity characteristic in full operating range.

Air independent suspension is widely applied in high-end commercial vehicle.But air independent suspension vehicle heavy duty or suddenly by When to shock loading, it is easily damaged or influences the service life of air bag, while in order to meet reliability requirement and width when overloaded The volume of general adjustable range, air bag can be bigger, wheel side arrangement space is occupied, to influence vehicle general layout (especially It is the low-floor full tunnel bus for needing to optimize front-wheel channel space).Simultaneously in order to supply to air bag, vehicle needs are specially matched Corresponding feeder and caisson are set, biggish air bag needs bigger feeder and caisson, can occupy more Vehicle space.

Torsion bar independent suspension is mainly used at present in the commercial vehicle of medium and small tonnage, and structure is simple.Due to torsion bar itself Characteristic, the length for the rigidity requirement for meeting suspension, usual torsion bar is longer, occupies vehicle arrangement space, is also not easy to produce Installation and after-sales service.Simultaneously because torsion bar, in working range, rigidity is larger, amount of elastic deformation very little is difficult full simultaneously The unloaded requirement with full load conditions lower-pilot stability of foot.

Utility model content

The utility model provides a kind of compound independent suspension and vehicle, cannot be guaranteed that vehicle exists to solve existing suspension There is the problem of reasonable rigidity characteristic in full operating range.

The technical solution adopted in the utility model is as follows:

On the one hand the utility model provides a kind of compound independent suspension, the top including one end and vehicle wheel component it is hinged and The lower hinge and the other end and vehicle frame of the hinged upper suspension arm in the top of the other end and vehicle frame and one end and vehicle wheel component The lower control arm of lower hinge, vehicle wheel component, upper suspension arm, lower control arm and vehicle frame composition link mechanism so that vehicle by Vehicle wheel component is swung up and down around vehicle frame when impact, and upper suspension arm is equipped with air bag, and lower control arm is equipped with for following lower control The torsion bar of arm rotation, torsion bar are equipped with torsion bar limiting device far from the positive stop end of lower control arm, and torsion bar limiting device is used for and vehicle body Height adjustment device cooperates so that vehicle heavy duty and/or while being impacted individually work from air bag and be switched to air bag and torsion bar is total It is same to work.

Further, vehicle wheel component includes wheel and the wheel side device being arranged on wheel, upper suspension arm and lower control Arm is hinged with wheel side device.

Further, torsion bar limiting device include be arranged in torsion bar positive stop end be used for follow torsion bar rotate adjustment arm, The fixation bracket that is arranged on vehicle body and the upper limit position block that contact limit when for adjusting arm rotation is set on fixed bracket And lower position block, so that torsion bar starts working when adjustment arm contact upper limit position block or lower position block.

Further, fixed support casing is set on torsion bar and limits the axial movement of adjustment arm against adjustment arm.

Further, upper limit position block is equipped with the upper limit bolt of contact limit when for adjusting arm rotation, upper limit bolt The depth of upper limit position block is screwed by adjusting the distance between to adjust and adjust arm；Lower position block is equipped with for adjusting arm rotation When contact limit lower limit bolt, lower limit bolt is screwed into the depth of lower position block by adjusting to adjust and adjust between arm Distance.

Further, upper limit position block is equipped with upper check bolt, and upper check bolt is used for the radial contact from upper limit bolt Upper limit bolt is to prevent upper limit bolt from loosening；Lower position block is equipped with lower check bolt, and lower check bolt is used for from lower limit The radial contact lower limit bolt of bolt is to prevent lower limit bolt from loosening.

Further, the end face of upper limit bolt be semicircle sphere so that adjustment arm rotate contact upper limit bolt when, adjust The upper surface of whole arm and the end face of upper limit bolt are mutually agreed with；The end face of lower limit bolt is semicircle sphere so that adjustment arm turns When dynamic contact lower limit bolt, the end face of the lower surface and lower limit bolt that adjust arm is mutually agreed with.

Further, vehicle height adjusting device includes the pull rod hinged with vehicle wheel component, for exporting compressed air The valve body connecting in air compressor, the valve casing for accommodating compressed air and the inner cavity in valve casing and with pull rod, valve casing Equipped with the air inlet pipe for being connected to air compressor with the inner cavity of valve casing, the connection for being connected to the inner cavity of valve casing with air bag Pipe and the escape pipe for the inner cavity of valve casing to be communicated with the atmosphere, valve body are equipped with air duct, and air duct is used for pull rod band Switching air bag and air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe connected state when moving valve rotates.

Further, air bag is connected to air inlet pipe, and adjustment arm is contacted with upper limit bolt contact；Air bag and escape pipe connect Logical, adjustment arm is contacted with lower limit bolt contact.

On the other hand the utility model provides a kind of vehicle, including above-mentioned compound independent suspension.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

The compound independent suspension of the utility model, including upper suspension arm, lower control arm, air bag, torsion bar and torsion bar limit Device.Vehicle wheel component, upper suspension arm, lower control arm and vehicle frame composition link mechanism are so that vehicle wheel component when vehicle is impacted It is swung up and down around vehicle frame, with cushion impact forces, and impact energy is passed into air bag and torsion bar.Compressed air suits in air bag, When vehicle is lightly loaded or when by lesser impact force, air bag occurs elastic deformation and individually supports vehicle body and/or absorb impact energy, Reduce influence of the impact force to vehicle driving.When vehicle is heavily loaded or by biggish impact force, in torsion bar limiting device and vehicle Under the cooperation of body height adjustment device, torsion bar is started working, and elastic deformation occurs for twist elastic deformation and air bag of torsion bar Common support vehicle body and/or absorption impact energy, reduce influence of the impact force to vehicle driving.The compound independence of the utility model Suspension is provided with two kinds of elastic elements of air bag and torsion bar, combines that air bag rigidity is small, amount of elastic deformation is big, adjustable range is big and torsion Bar rigidity is big, load capacity is big, the characteristics of being hardly damaged, and is adjusted by torsion bar limiting device, realizes suspension rate It adjusts in real time, overcomes air bag and be easily damaged and torsion bar adjustable range is small lacks in vehicle heavy duty or by biggish impact force when It falls into, making to be suspended in has reasonable rigidity characteristic in full operating range.The compound independent suspension of the utility model is in bad working environments Lower work is firm, and system characteristics of compact layout has wide application space in commercial vehicle field.

Other than objects, features and advantages described above, there are also other purposes, feature and excellent for the utility model Point.Below with reference to accompanying drawings, the utility model is described in further detail.

Detailed description of the invention

The attached drawing constituted part of this application is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, the utility model Illustrative embodiments and their description are not constituteed improper limits to the present invention for explaining the utility model.In attached drawing In:

Fig. 1 is one of the schematic diagram of the compound independent suspension of the preferred embodiment in the utility model；

Fig. 2 is the two of the schematic diagram of the compound independent suspension of the preferred embodiment in the utility model；

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the air bag of the preferred embodiment in the utility model；

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the vehicle height adjusting device of the preferred embodiment in the utility model；

Fig. 5 is the air bag of the preferred embodiment in the utility model and the schematic diagram that air inlet pipe is connected to；

Fig. 6 is that the air bag of the preferred embodiment in the utility model is in the schematic diagram of closed state；

Fig. 7 is the air bag of the preferred embodiment in the utility model and the schematic diagram that escape pipe is connected to.

Description of symbols:

1, wheel；2, side device is taken turns；3, air bag；4, upper suspension arm；5, lower control arm；6, fixed bracket；7, upper limit position block； 8, lower position block；9, arm is adjusted；10, torsion bar；11, vehicle frame；12, upper limit bolt；13, lower limit bolt；14, upper locking spiral shell Bolt；15, lower check bolt；16, pull rod；17, air compressor；18, valve casing；19, valve body；20, air inlet pipe；21, communicating pipe； 22, escape pipe；23, air duct.

Specific embodiment

It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase Mutually combination.The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is one of the schematic diagram of the compound independent suspension of the preferred embodiment in the utility model；Fig. 2 is that the utility model is excellent Select the two of the schematic diagram of the compound independent suspension of embodiment；Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the air bag of the preferred embodiment in the utility model；Figure 4 be the schematic diagram of the vehicle height adjusting device of the preferred embodiment in the utility model；Fig. 5 is the preferred embodiment in the utility model The schematic diagram that air bag is connected to air inlet pipe；Fig. 6 is that the air bag of the preferred embodiment in the utility model is in the schematic diagram of closed state； Fig. 7 is the air bag of the preferred embodiment in the utility model and the schematic diagram that escape pipe is connected to.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the compound independent suspension of the present embodiment, the top including one end and vehicle wheel component it is hinged and The lower hinge and the other end and vehicle frame of the top of the other end and vehicle frame 11 hinged upper suspension arm 4 and one end and vehicle wheel component The lower control arm 5 of 11 lower hinge, vehicle wheel component, upper suspension arm 4, lower control arm 5 and vehicle frame 11 form link mechanism with Vehicle wheel component is swung up and down around vehicle frame 11 when impacting vehicle, and upper suspension arm 4 is equipped with air bag 3, and lower control arm 5 is equipped with Torsion bar 10 for following lower control arm 5 to rotate, torsion bar 10 are equipped with torsion bar limiting device far from the positive stop end of lower control arm 5, turn round Bar limiting device be used to cooperate with vehicle height adjusting device so that vehicle heavy duty and/or when being impacted from air bag 3 individually Effect is switched to air bag 3 and torsion bar 10 concurs.The compound independent suspension of the utility model, including upper suspension arm 4, lower control Arm 5, air bag 3, torsion bar 10 and torsion bar limiting device processed.Vehicle wheel component, upper suspension arm 4, lower control arm 5 and vehicle frame 11 form Link mechanism is so that vehicle wheel component is swung up and down around vehicle frame 11 when vehicle is impacted, with cushion impact forces, and by impact energy Pass to air bag 3 and torsion bar 10.Compressed air suits in air bag 3, when vehicle is lightly loaded or when by lesser impact force, air bag 3 Elastic deformation occurs individually to support vehicle body and/or absorb impact energy, reduces influence of the impact force to vehicle driving.When vehicle weight It carries or when by biggish impact force, under the cooperation of torsion bar limiting device and vehicle height adjusting device, torsion bar 10 has started Effect, twist elastic deformation and the air bag 3 of torsion bar 10 occur elastic deformation and support vehicle body jointly and/or absorb impact energy, Reduce influence of the impact force to vehicle driving.The compound independent suspension of the utility model is provided with 10 two kinds of bullets of air bag 3 and torsion bar Property element, combine that 3 rigidity of air bag is small, amount of elastic deformation is big, adjustable range is big and 10 rigidity of torsion bar is big, load capacity is big, no Feature easy to damage, and be adjusted by torsion bar limiting device, it realizes suspension rate and adjusts in real time, overcome air bag 3 and exist Vehicle heavy duty or by biggish impact force when, are easily damaged the defect small with 10 adjustable range of torsion bar, make to be suspended in full work model Enclosing interior has reasonable rigidity characteristic.It is firm that the compound independent suspension of the utility model works under bad working environments, system arrangement It is compact, there is wide application space in commercial vehicle field.Optionally, air bag 3 can need to be arranged in lower control arm 5 according to arrangement Between vehicle body.Optionally, torsion bar 10, which can according to need, is arranged on upper suspension arm 4.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, vehicle wheel component includes wheel 1 and the wheel side being arranged on wheel 1 dress 2 are set, upper suspension arm 4 and lower control arm 5 are hinged with wheel side device 2.Upper suspension arm 4 and lower control arm 5 are cut with scissors with wheel side device 2 It connects, and takes turns side device 2 and connect with wheel 1, therefore when vehicle is impacted, wheel 1 can be swung up and down.Optionally, side is taken turns Device 2 is wheel hub drive, wheel side brake apparatus, wheel-side reduction device etc..

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, torsion bar limiting device include be arranged in torsion bar 10 positive stop end be used for With the adjustment arm 9 of the rotation of torsion bar 10, the fixation bracket 6 being arranged on vehicle body and setting for adjusting arm 9 on fixed bracket 6 The upper limit position block 7 and lower position block 8 that contact limits when rotation, so as to be turned round when adjustment 9 contact upper limit position block 7 of arm or lower position block 8 Bar 10 starts working.When vehicle is impacted, wheel 1 is swung up and down, and lower control arm 5 drives torsion bar 10 to rotate, torsion bar 10 It drives adjustment arm 9 to rotate, makes to adjust 9 contact upper limit position block 7 of arm or lower position block 8.Since upper limit position block 7 and lower position block 8 are solid It is scheduled on fixed bracket 6 and fixed bracket 6 is fixed on vehicle body, adjustment arm 9 can not continue to rotate, effect of the torsion bar 10 by power Elastic deformation twist to support vehicle body and/or absorb impact energy.Optionally, upper limit position block 7 and 8 surface of lower position block are set There is the bolster for cushion impact forces, the impact force that upper limit position block 7 and lower position block 8 are born can be reduced, improved service life. Optionally, bolster is one of gasket, cushion block, buffer spring, buffering spring sheet.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, fixed bracket 6 is sheathed on torsion bar 10 and against adjustment arm 9 to limit Adjust the axial movement of arm 9.Fixed bracket 6 includes spaced first support and second support, first support and second Frame is sheathed on torsion bar 10, and adjustment arm 9 is located between first support and second support, and first support and second support are against tune Whole arm 9.In vehicle travel process, when vehicle driving is on uneven road surface or is impacted, adjustment arm 9 can be prevented Because Vehicular vibration moves axially, guarantee the safety of vehicle.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, upper limit position block 7 is equipped with for adjusting contact limit when arm 9 rotates Caging bolt 12, upper limit bolt 12 is by adjusting the depth for being screwed into upper limit position block 7 to adjust and adjust the distance between arm 9. Lower position block 8 is equipped with the lower limit bolt 13 for adjusting contact limit when arm 9 rotates, and lower limit bolt 13 is screwed by adjusting The depth of lower position block 8 is to adjust and adjust the distance between arm 9.13 pairs of adjustment arms 9 of upper limit bolt 12 and lower limit bolt Contact limit is carried out, making to adjust arm 9 can not continue to rotate and then torsion bar 10 is made to twist elastic deformation.Upper limit bolt 12 or Lower limit bolt 13 can by adjust be screwed into the depth of upper limit position block 7 or lower position block 8 with adjust and adjust between arm 9 away from From, and then adjust torsion bar 10 and twist the elastically-deformable time, and cooperate adjusting torsion bar 10 to open with vehicle height adjusting device Begin the time worked.Optionally, upper limit position block 7 and lower position block 8 be equipped with can vertical movable locating part, and by pneumatic Or the distance between the mobile adjusting of electric drive locating part and adjustment arm 9.Optionally, upper limit position block 7 and lower position block 8 are equipped with The cushion block that can be slid laterally, cushion block are contacted with different positions with adjustment arm 9 by sliding laterally, and realize that limit is adjusted.It is optional Ground, cushion block use one of triangle cushion block, arc cushion block, trapezoidal cushion block.Optionally, upper limit bolt 12 and lower limit spiral shell The setting of bolt 13 is on adjustment arm 9.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, upper limit position block 7 is equipped with upper check bolt 14, and upper check bolt 14 is used for From the radial contact upper limit bolt 12 of upper limit bolt 12 to prevent upper limit bolt 12 from loosening.Lower position block 8 is equipped with lower anti- Loose bolt 15, lower check bolt 15 are used for the radial contact lower limit bolt 13 from lower limit bolt 13 to prevent lower limit bolt 13 loosen.Upper check bolt 14 is screwed into upper limit position block 7 and then contact upper limit bolt 12 from the radial direction of upper limit bolt 12, prevents Upper limit bolt 12 is loosened from upper limit position block 7.Lower check bolt 15 from the radial direction of lower limit bolt 13 be screwed into lower position block 8 into And contact lower limit bolt 13, prevent lower limit bolt 13 from loosening from lower position block 8.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the end face of upper limit bolt 12 is semicircle sphere so that adjustment arm 9 rotates When contact upper limit bolt 12, the end face of the upper surface and upper limit bolt 12 that adjust arm 9 is mutually agreed with.Lower limit bolt 13 End face be semicircle sphere so that adjustment arm 9 rotate contact lower limit bolt 13 when, adjust arm 9 lower surface and lower limit bolt 13 End face mutually agree with.The end face of upper limit bolt 12 and lower limit bolt 13 is semicircle sphere, when adjustment arm 9 rotates contact When upper limit bolt 12 or lower limit bolt 13, regardless of between upper limit bolt 12 and lower limit bolt 13 and adjustment arm 9 away from From to be how many, adjustment arm 9 can mutually agree with the end face of upper limit bolt 12 and lower limit bolt 13.

As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7, in the present embodiment, vehicle height adjusting device includes hinged with vehicle wheel component Pull rod 16, the air compressor 17 for exporting compressed air, the valve casing 18 for accommodating compressed air and be in valve casing The valve body 19 being connect in 18 inner cavity and with pull rod 16.Valve casing 18 is equipped with for connecting the inner cavity of air compressor 17 and valve casing 18 Logical air inlet pipe 20, the communicating pipe 21 for being connected to the inner cavity of valve casing 18 with air bag 3 and for make the inner cavity of valve casing 18 with The escape pipe 22 of atmosphere.Valve body 19 is equipped with air duct 23, when air duct 23 is rotated for pull rod 16 with moving valve 19 Switch air bag 3 and 22 connected state of air inlet pipe 20 and escape pipe.When the height of vehicle body reduces, pressure suffered by air bag 3 increases, The height of air bag 3 reduces, and because valve casing 18 is connect by communicating pipe 21 with air bag 3, therefore the height of valve casing 18 can be dropped with air bag 3 It is low.And valve body 19 is hinged on vehicle wheel component by pull rod 16, therefore valve body 19 during the height of valve casing 18 reduces with Pull rod 16 rotates, and is connected to until air bag 3 passes through communicating pipe 21, air duct 23 and air inlet pipe 20 with air compressor 17, empty The compressed gas that air compressor 17 exports enters air bag 3, and the height of air bag 3 increases and then increases the height of vehicle body.Work as vehicle body Height when increasing, pressure suffered by air bag 3 reduces, and the height of air bag 3 increases, because valve casing 18 passes through communicating pipe 21 and air bag 3 Connection, therefore the height of valve casing 18 can be increased with air bag 3.And valve body 19 is hinged on vehicle wheel component by pull rod 16, therefore valve Body 19 valve casing 18 height it is raised during with pull rod 16 rotate, until air bag 3 by communicating pipe 21, air duct 23 with And escape pipe 22 is communicated with the atmosphere, the compressed gas in air bag 3 is expelled in atmosphere, and the height of air bag 3 reduces and then make vehicle body Height reduce.Connected state by changing air bag 3 and air compressor 17 and atmosphere is the height of adjustable vehicle body.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 7, in the present embodiment, air bag 3 is connected to air inlet pipe 20, adjusts arm 9 and upper limit The contact of 12 contact of bolt.Air bag 3 is connected to escape pipe 22, and adjustment arm 9 is contacted with 13 contact of lower limit bolt.Air bag 3 is from closing State will be switched to when being connected to by air inlet pipe 20 with air compressor 17, and adjustment arm 9 is contacted with upper limit bolt 12, so that Torsion bar 10 can twist elastic deformation, support vehicle body and/or absorb impact energy jointly with air bag 3.Air bag 3 is from closed State will be switched to when being communicated with the atmosphere by escape pipe 22, and adjustment arm 9 is contacted with lower limit bolt 13, so that torsion bar 10 can be with Twist elastic deformation, supports vehicle body jointly with air bag 3 and/or absorbs impact energy.

The preferred embodiment of the utility model additionally provides a kind of vehicle, including above-mentioned compound independent suspension.

When it is implemented, providing a kind of compound independent suspension, including air bag 3, upper suspension arm 4, lower control arm 5, fixed branch Frame 6, upper limit position block 7, lower position block 8, adjustment arm 9, torsion bar 10, upper limit bolt 12 and lower limit bolt 13.Take turns side device 2 It is hinged a at upper suspension arm 4 by way of ball pin or bearing, with lower control arm 5 at d hingedly, upper suspension arm 4, under Control arm 5 is hinged with vehicle frame 11 respectively, and hinge axes are denoted as b, c respectively, and above-mentioned a, b, c, d tie point can guarantee to be connected Structure can rotate in a certain range.Vehicle frame 11, upper suspension arm 4, lower control arm 5, wheel side device 2 (wheel 1) thus form one A link mechanism.The top of air bag 3 is connect with vehicle body, and the lower part of air bag 3 is then connect with upper suspension arm 4, lower control arm 5 and torsion bar 10 pass through spline or other way rigid connection, and positive stop end and the adjustment arm 9 of torsion bar 10 are rigidly connected, adjust arm 9 and fix Bracket 6 connects, and adjustment arm 9 can be rotated around axis c relative to fixed bracket 6 with the sub-assembly of torsion bar 10.It is fixed to guarantee safety The sub-assembly for adjusting arm 9 and torsion bar 10 should be prolonged the motion control of axis direction in a certain range by bracket 6.Fixed bracket 6 is answered There is reliable rigid connection with vehicle body.Upper limit position block 7, lower position block 8 and fixed bracket 6 should reliably be rigidly connected. Caging bolt is fixed on limited block, and as needed, adjusts the depth that is screwed into of caging bolt with can be convenient, while should have Responsible measures prevent caging bolt pine from limited block from moving back.

When vehicle be in design it is fully loaded nearby when, pressure is mainly born by air bag 3 in suspension, at this time upper limit bolt 12 with There are gap k1 between adjustment arm 9, and there are gap k2 between lower limit bolt 13 and adjustment arm 9, i.e. torsion bar 10 does not provide torsion Rigidity.It is reference data with vehicle frame 11 when vehicle continues load, wheel 1 can be swung up, in terms of the positive stop end of torsion bar 10, Torsion bar 10 can rotate clockwise, until adjustment arm 9 is contacted with upper limit bolt 12.Continue to load, due to adjustment arm 9 and upper limit Bolt 12 contacts, and prevents torsion bar 10 from continuing to rotate, torsion bar 10 participates in suspension stress at this time；When vehicle encounters hollow, with Vehicle frame 11 is reference data, and wheel 1 can be to lower swing, and in terms of the positive stop end of torsion bar 10, torsion bar 10 can be rotated counterclockwise, until adjusting Whole arm 9 is contacted with lower limit bolt 13.

As shown in figure 3, setting D as the effective diameter of air bag 3, then the effective area A of air bag 3 is after the inflation of air bag 3

There is following relationship

F=(p-p_a)·A

Wherein, F is the external applied load of air bag 3；P, V is the absolute pressure and volume of gas in air bag 3；Pa is atmospheric pressure； P0, V0 are the absolute pressure and volume of the gas in air bag 3 at equipoise；K is polytropic exponent, when Vehicular vibration is slow When, gas variation is similar to constant temperature process, k=1, and when Vehicular vibration is violent, the variation of gas is close to adiabatic process, k= 1.4。

If f is vertical displacement, then the rigidity of air bag 3 is

Since volume reduces when air bag 3 compresses, so

And in static balance, f=0, V=V0, p=p0 is so the rigidity C0 of air bag 3 is at equipoise

The offset frequency for being suspended in equipoise is

Wherein, g is acceleration of gravity, and n0 is offset frequency (Hz).From formula as can be seen that reduce offset frequency, need to make effectively The change rate (dA/df) of area reduces, or increases 3 volume V0 of air bag.Influence the factor packet of effective area change rate (dA/df) Include the attachment device etc. at 3 both ends of the shape of air bag 3, the air pressure of air bag 3 and air bag.

When dA/df=0 and p0-pa=p0 (i.e. pa is significantly less than p0) can be approximately considered,

When car load becomes larger, 3 inner volume V0 of air bag reduces, and pressure p 0 increases, and offset frequency n0 is as a result caused to increase.

For the cruising characteristic for guaranteeing vehicle, it is desirable that it is suspended under different loads and can guarantee that its offset frequency remains unchanged, root According to formula

It is found that needing the rigidity and sprung mass positive correlation of suspension to guarantee that the offset frequency of vehicle is relatively stable.Spring It improves quality and refers to by the weight, including vehicle body, vehicle frame 11, passenger and cargo etc. of suspension support.

To guarantee that air bag 3 can guarantee metastable offset frequency characteristic with sprung mass variation, bodywork height is needed to configure Regulating device.As shown in figure 4, being a kind of schematic diagram of vehicle height adjusting device.As shown in fig. 6, suspension is in design position When, the compressed air in air bag 3 is in closed state.As shown in figure 5, air bag 3 is compressed when sprung mass increases, height Reducing, pull rod 16 pushes valve body 19 to rotate, so that air bag 3 is connected by air inlet pipe 20 and air compressor 17, air compressor 17 inflate to air bag 3, increase the height of air bag 3, until suspension tends to design position shown in fig. 6；When sprung mass reduces When, the height of air bag 3 increases, and pull rod 16 rotates down valve body 19, so that air bag 3 is communicated with the atmosphere by escape pipe 22, by gas Compressed air in capsule 3 is discharged into atmosphere, so that the height of air bag 3 reduces, until suspension tends to design position shown in fig. 6. Take this mode that the height of vehicle body and the offset frequency of vehicle can be made to be held essentially constant.

But in practical applications, when vehicle is in big rise and fall and the unexpected road traveling of variation, the vibration from ground Impact causes air bag 3 to be compressed or stretched suddenly, and the air duct 23 on valve body 19 is smaller, the pressure in air bag 3 increase and Therefore reduced speed is also limited, the adjustment speed of the rigidity of air bag 3 is difficult to match with actual demand.

The selection of upper and lower gap k1, k2 should match with above-mentioned vehicle height adjusting device, especially for guarantee vehicle body Height adjustment device has stable performance in the upper-lower height Near Threshold of set vehicle body, can be selected according to following principle:

Air bag 3 will be transferred to from closed state when being connected to air compressor 17, i.e., shown in Fig. 5 when state, adjustment arm 9 with Upper limit bolt 12 contacts；

Air bag 3 will be transferred to from closed state when being communicated with the atmosphere, i.e., shown in Fig. 7 when state, adjustment arm 9 and lower limit spiral shell Bolt 13 contacts.

When bodywork height is in normal condition, suspension is in design position.When bodywork height is reduced to lowest threshold attached When close and air bag 3 is compressed suddenly, air bag 3 is transferred to from closed state and is connected to air compressor 17, adjustment arm 9 and upper limit spiral shell Bolt 12 contacts, and common support vehicle body is reversed in the inflation of air bag 3, torsion bar 10, restores bodywork height rapidly to normal condition.Work as vehicle body Height is increased to highest Near Threshold and when air bag 3 is stretched suddenly, and air bag 3 is transferred to from closed state to be communicated with the atmosphere, adjustment Arm 9 is contacted with lower limit bolt 13, and common support vehicle body is reversed in the inflation of air bag 3, torsion bar 10, restores bodywork height rapidly to just Normal state.By the participation of torsion bar 10, overcome the speed that the pressure in air bag 3 raises and reduces leads to bodywork height tune more slowly Regulating device adjusts the slow defect of bodywork height, makes vehicle height adjusting device in the upper-lower height Near Threshold of vehicle body There is stable performance.

Under conditions of same load, the simple air of the volume ratio of the air bag 3 of the compound independent suspension of the utility model Independent suspension is small, it is possible to reduce wheel side arrangement space demand is conducive to Vehicle Body Internal Layout.Lesser 3 volume of air bag means Lower gas supply demand, it is meant that lower energy consumption and smaller caisson help to optimize vehicle component arrangement space. Meanwhile the use cost of lesser air bag 3 also can be lower.The torsion bar 10 of the compound independent suspension of the utility model is also than simple 10 specification of torsion bar that torsion bar suspension needs is small.

In actual use, when maintenance or assembly are died in parking, since torsion bar 10 can provide part support force, gas Capsule 3 is unlikely to be overly compressed；Similarly, in vehicle heavy duty or when being impacted, the participation of torsion bar 10 reduces 3 quilt of air bag A possibility that excess compression.Therefore, facilitate the working environment of improvement air bag 3, extend the service life of air bag 3, reduce vehicle The maintenance cost of Life cycle.When 3 crack damage of air bag, vehicle can be made to be returned to certain vehicle by adjusting caging bolt Height degree enables the vehicle to the condition for keeping to run in a short time until reaching nearest repair and maintenance point, this characteristic Suspension is set to have higher reliability, to adapt to wider range of running environment.

The compound independent suspension of the utility model is than simple torsion bar suspension, (i.e. by ECAS system matched with air bag 3 Electronic Control Air Suspension System) it can be realized the electronization control of body gesture, and it is more conducive to Nonlinear Suspension System characteristic Acquisition, and torsion bar 10 needs not participate in the full impulse stroke of vehicle, so as to shorten the length of torsion bar 10, reduces Vehicle arrangement space is occupied.

Torsion bar 10 is connect with lower control arm 5, and by reasonably arranging, it is possible to reduce torsion bar 10 and fixed bracket 6 Inner space is occupied, by checking, chassis height p can accomplish not higher than 380mm, and front overhang channel inner width t can be with Accomplish 750mm, be suitble to be arranged into level-one and mark time on vehicle, and prepass can satisfy the current demand of wheelchair, it is more full The sufficient market demand.

The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the utility model, for this For the technical staff in field, various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention.It is all in the spirit and principles of the utility model Within, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of compound independent suspension, which is characterized in that

Top including one end and vehicle wheel component is hinged and the top of the other end and vehicle frame (11) is hinged upper suspension arm (4) and The lower control arm (5) of the lower hinge of one end and the vehicle wheel component and the lower hinge of the other end and the vehicle frame (11), institute Vehicle wheel component, the upper suspension arm (4), the lower control arm (5) and the vehicle frame (11) composition link mechanism are stated so that vehicle The vehicle wheel component is swung up and down around the vehicle frame (11) when being impacted,

The upper suspension arm (4) is equipped with air bag (3), and the lower control arm (5) is equipped with for following the lower control arm (5) The torsion bar (10) of rotation,

The torsion bar (10) is equipped with torsion bar limiting device, the torsion bar limiting device far from the positive stop end of the lower control arm (5) For cooperating with vehicle height adjusting device so as to vehicle heavy duty and/or individually be worked when being impacted from the air bag (3) It is switched to the air bag (3) and the torsion bar (10) concurs.

2. compound independent suspension according to claim 1, which is characterized in that

The vehicle wheel component includes the wheel side device (2) of wheel (1) and setting on the wheel (1), the upper suspension arm (4) and the lower control arm (5) is hinged with the wheel side device (2).

3. compound independent suspension according to claim 1, which is characterized in that

The torsion bar limiting device includes that setting in the positive stop end of the torsion bar (10) is used to that the torsion bar (10) to be followed to rotate Adjustment arm (9), the fixation bracket (6) being arranged on vehicle body and setting are on the fixed bracket (6) for the adjustment arm (9) upper limit position block (7) and lower position block (8) of contact limit when rotating, so that upper limit position block described in adjustment arm (9) contact (7) or the lower position block (8) Shi Suoshu torsion bar (10) starts working.

4. compound independent suspension according to claim 3, which is characterized in that

The fixed bracket (6) is sheathed on the torsion bar (10) and against the adjustment arm (9) to limit the adjustment arm (9) Axial movement.

5. compound independent suspension according to claim 3, which is characterized in that

The upper limit position block (7) be equipped with for it is described adjustment arm (9) rotation when contact limit upper limit bolt (12), it is described on Caging bolt (12) is by adjusting the depth for being screwed into the upper limit position block (7) to adjust the distance between described adjustment arm (9)；

The lower position block (8) is equipped with the lower limit bolt (13) of contact limit when for adjustment arm (9) rotation, under described Caging bolt (13) is by adjusting the depth for being screwed into the lower position block (8) to adjust the distance between described adjustment arm (9).

6. compound independent suspension according to claim 5, which is characterized in that

The upper limit position block (7) is equipped with upper check bolt (14), and the upper check bolt (14) is used for from the upper limit bolt (12) upper limit bolt (12) described in radial contact is to prevent the upper limit bolt (12) from loosening；

The lower position block (8) is equipped with lower check bolt (15), and the lower check bolt (15) is used for from the lower limit bolt (13) lower limit bolt (13) described in radial contact is to prevent the lower limit bolt (13) from loosening.

7. compound independent suspension according to claim 5, which is characterized in that

The end face of the upper limit bolt (12) is semicircle sphere so that the adjustment arm (9) rotates upper limit bolt described in contact (12) when, the upper surface of adjustment arm (9) and the end face of the upper limit bolt (12) are mutually agreed with；

The end face of the lower limit bolt (13) is semicircle sphere so that the adjustment arm (9) rotates lower limit bolt described in contact (13) when, the lower surface of adjustment arm (9) and the end face of the lower limit bolt (13) are mutually agreed with.

8. compound independent suspension according to claim 5, which is characterized in that

The vehicle height adjusting device includes the pull rod hinged with the vehicle wheel component (16), the sky for exporting compressed air Air compressor (17), the valve casing (18) for accommodating compressed air and in the valve casing (18) inner cavity in and with the drawing The valve body (19) of bar (16) connection,

The valve casing (18) is equipped with the air inlet pipe for being connected to the air compressor (17) with the inner cavity of the valve casing (18) (20), communicating pipe (21) for being connected to the inner cavity of the valve casing (18) with the air bag (3) and for making the valve casing (18) escape pipe (22) that inner cavity is communicated with the atmosphere,

The valve body (19) is equipped with air duct (23), and the air duct (23) drives the valve body for the pull rod (16) (19) switch the air bag (3) and the air inlet pipe (20) and the escape pipe (22) connected state when rotating.

9. compound independent suspension according to claim 8, which is characterized in that

The air bag (3) is connected to the air inlet pipe (20), and the adjustment arm (9) connects with upper limit bolt (12) contact Touching；

The air bag (3) is connected to the escape pipe (22), and the adjustment arm (9) connects with lower limit bolt (13) contact Touching.

10. a kind of vehicle, which is characterized in that

Including compound independent suspension according to any one of claims 1 to 9.