CN208600729U

CN208600729U - It is a kind of pneumatically can it is automatic locking and with insurance function lathe

Info

Publication number: CN208600729U
Application number: CN201821233493.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邹红波
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-08-02
Filing date: 2018-08-02
Publication date: 2019-03-15
Anticipated expiration: 2028-08-02

Abstract

The utility model discloses it is a kind of pneumatically can automatic locking and with insurance function lathe, including lathe bed, main shaft gearbox and pneumatic insurance tailstock mechanism, pneumatic insurance tailstock mechanism includes tail stock, pneumatic pushing mechanism and tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up, pneumatic pushing mechanism includes main body rack, main lever plate, auxiliary lever plate and pusher cylinder, main lever plate is equipped with preceding hinged block, preceding hinged block and main body rack are hinged, preceding hinged block makes main lever plate be divided into preceding upper plate, preceding lower plate, and preceding upper plate is longer than preceding lower plate；Auxiliary lever plate is equipped with rear hinged block, and rear hinged block is hinged on the upper end of main lever plate, and rear hinged block makes auxiliary lever plate be divided into rear upper plate, rear lower plate, and rear upper plate is shorter than rear lower plate.The utility model uses automatic structure, so that live centre holds out against or unclamp workpiece, and is reliably worked when clamping workpiece by the live centre that mechanical structure is set and pushes up power, ensure that the process safety of workpiece.

Description

It is a kind of pneumatically can it is automatic locking and with insurance function lathe

Technical field

The utility model is that one kind pneumatically can automatic locking and with insurance function lathe.

Background technique

In clamping workpiece, one end is clamped existing center lathe by spindle chuck, and the other end is resisted by tail stock, Thus accuracy, safety when guaranteeing work pieces process.Tail stock is fixed on the tail portion of lathe, including tailstock body, tailstock pipe, Silk braid, handwheel screw rod, live centre and tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up, silk braid are fixed on the tail end of tailstock pipe, handwheel screw rod and silk braid Connection, rotation hand wheel screw rod can drive tailstock pipe mobile, and tailstock pipe under the effect of external force can be with respect to tailstock body along axially back and forth It is mobile；The tail end of handwheel screw rod is equipped with handwheel；After tailstock pipe moves in place, by manual tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up, make tailstock Pipe be in locking state, existing this tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up, including on upper locking piece, lower closing piece, tailstock body lock tube pipe with Screw rod is locked, the through-hole that lock screw rod passes through upper locking piece is tightened in the threaded hole of lower closing piece, after unlocking, due to upper and lower closing piece and lock There is stiction between casing, upper locking piece will not be separated actively with lower closing piece, when rotation hand wheel, with biggish strength, tailstock Guan Caineng is retracted, and then upper locking piece could be separated with lower closing piece, and the manpower of this process, consuming is larger, and efficiency is lower.

In addition, existing lathe needs manually to hold in the palm workpiece, and manual operation handwheel when carrying out piece-holder placement, After the both ends of workpiece are clamped, workpiece could be decontroled, this will increase the physical power loss of worker, influence working efficiency.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide one kind pneumatically can be automatic locking and with insurance function Lathe, the automation of piece-holder may be implemented in it, improves the efficiency of piece-holder.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model one kind pneumatically can automatic locking and with insurance function lathe Technical solution are as follows:

It is a kind of pneumatically can automatic locking and with insurance function lathe, including lathe bed, main shaft gearbox and pneumatic insurance Tailstock mechanism, the pneumatic insurance tailstock mechanism include tail stock, pneumatic pushing mechanism and tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up,

The tail stock includes that tailstock body, tailstock pipe, silk braid, handwheel screw rod and live centre, silk braid are fixed on tailstock The tail end of pipe, handwheel screw rod are connect with silk braid, rotation hand wheel screw rod, tailstock pipe can be driven mobile, effect of the tailstock pipe in external force Under can be relative to tailstock body along axially back and forth moving；

The pneumatic pushing mechanism includes main body rack and combined lever mechanism, and the combined lever mechanism includes main lever Plate, auxiliary lever plate and pusher cylinder, the main lever plate are equipped with preceding hinged block, and preceding hinged block and main body rack are hinged, preceding hinge It connecing and forms first axle point between block and main body rack, first axle point makes main lever plate be divided into preceding upper plate, preceding lower plate, Preceding upper plate is longer than preceding lower plate；Tail end of the main lever plate matching in handwheel screw rod；The auxiliary lever plate is equipped with rear hinged block, Hinged block is hinged on the upper end of main lever plate and forms second hinge point, rear hinged block between rear hinged block and main lever plate afterwards So that auxiliary lever plate is divided into rear upper plate, rear lower plate, rear upper plate is shorter than rear lower plate；The plunger tip front end of the pusher cylinder and secondary thick stick The upper end of bar plate is hinged, and third hinge point is formd between plunger tip and auxiliary lever plate, and the tail end of the pusher cylinder is connected with method Orchid, flange is hinged with main body rack, and the 4th hinge point is formd between flange and main body rack；The lower part of the main lever plate is set There is bolt, front end and the main lever plate of bolt are fixed, and the rear end of bolt passes through the through-hole of auxiliary lever plate lower part, and the diameter of through-hole is big In the diameter of bolt, auxiliary lever plate can be rotated with second hinge point, and through-hole can move on bolt；The rear end of the bolt is equipped with Adjusting nut, is also arranged with pressure limiting spring on bolt, and front end, the rear end of pressure limiting spring are against auxiliary lever plate respectively, adjust spiral shell It is female；It is additionally provided with stop nut on the bolt, there is interval between the stop nut and auxiliary lever plate；Before the tailstock pipe Tailstock pipe, which is connected with, between end and the upper end of main lever plate retracts screw rod, tailstock pipe front end has upwardly extended stressed plate, by Power plate be equipped with perforation, tailstock pipe retract screw rod tail end and main lever plate it is hinged, head end pass through perforation and extend outward to form Extension, the extension are screw rod, and screw rod is equipped with stress nut, have adjustable berth between stress nut and stressed plate Away from；The tailstock pipe retracts screw rod equipped with insurance circuit travel switch, and the tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up includes upper locking piece, lower lock Block and locking screw rod, the top of the locking screw rod are additionally provided with insurance and touch arm, and insurance touches arm and insurance circuit travel switch Matching, when main lever plate push tailstock pipe Forward and in place after, move forward simultaneously at this point, tailstock pipe retracts screw rod with tailstock pipe, after And reach insurance circuit travel switch and await orders in the rotational travel range for insuring touch arm, when tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up is locked When, insurance touches arm and triggers insurance circuit travel switch, and the insurance circuit travel switch is connected with the start button of lathe；

The side of the main lever plate is equipped with support arm close to the position of bottom, and support arm is equipped with gas circuit travel switch, gas circuit Travel switch is matched with auxiliary lever plate, and when auxiliary lever plate is rotated around second hinge point, the bottom end of auxiliary lever plate reaches limit spiral shell When female position, auxiliary lever plate triggers gas circuit travel switch.

Energy-storaging spring is equipped between the main lever plate and the front end of main body rack；The rear end of the energy-storaging spring and main thick stick The connection of bar plate, front end are equipped with connection wire rod, and connection wire rod passes through the front end through-hole of main body rack, and before being equipped in connection wire rod Nut and back nut, front nut, back nut are respectively at the front and rear end of main body rack, to adjust the elasticity of energy-storaging spring Potential energy.

The tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up includes upper locking piece, lower closing piece and locking screw rod, and upper locking piece and lower closing piece are equipped with pair It is much of locking face and lower locking face, upper locking face matches the outer peripheral surface of live centre with lower locking face；The center of the upper locking piece is equipped with just The center of threaded hole, lower closing piece is equipped with left-hand thread hole, and plus thread hole and the rotation direction of thread in left-hand thread hole are positive and negative each other；Locking Screw rod passes through plus thread hole, left-hand thread hole, and with matched just with the screw thread in plus thread hole, left-hand thread hole on locking screw rod Thread segment, left-hand thread section；It is described locking screw rod top be hingedly connected with lock actuating arm, lock actuating arm outer end and upper lock cylinder Plunger tip it is hinged.

Clamping workpiece bracket, including rear fixed plate, front shoe, work support plate, support cunning are additionally provided on the lathe bed Block and vertical screw rod, the rear fixed plate are fixed on tailstock body, and the front shoe passes through fixed screw rod and connect with rear fixed plate, Front shoe is adjustable with respect to the spacing between rear fixed plate, matches the live centre of different length；The work support plate Rear end is realized with the hinged screw rod that front shoe is arranged in and is articulated and connected, and is extended with supporting plate in the front end of work support plate, described The front end of work support plate is additionally provided with caulking groove, and caulking groove is matched in the upper surface of supporting plate, and support slipper can be embedded in caulking groove；It is described It is respectively equipped with front standing pillar, back prop on support slipper, work support plate, reset spring is connected between front standing pillar and back prop； The top of the vertical screw rod is connected to the top of front shoe by strut, and strut is articulated connection with respect to front shoe, founds silk Bar can up and down adjustment with respect to strut；The bottom end of the vertical screw rod is hingedly connected on work support plate；Table on the support slipper Face is less than the distance of support slipper to live centre middle line to the distance of workpiece middle line；By the effect of reset spring, before described Pillar is leaned against always on vertical screw rod；The support slipper upper surface is equipped with arc groove, for shelving for workpiece, the center of arc groove Always the center in live centre and main shaft gearbox is formed by vertical plane.

The distance of hinged screw rod to the live centre is at least twice of the maximum diamater of work that lathe is capable of processing.

It is described pneumatically can be automatic locking and further include route controller with the lathe of insurance function, the gas circuit control Device includes hand-operated valve, pressure regulator valve, threeway A and threeway B, and external gas source connects pressure regulator valve, and pressure regulator valve connects hand-operated valve, hand-operated valve Gas outlet A stomata one, the gas circuit travel switch of pusher cylinder are respectively connected to by threeway A, gas circuit travel switch is connected to The stomata two of upper lock cylinder, gas outlet B are respectively connected to the stomata three of pusher cylinder, the stomata four of upper lock cylinder by threeway B.

There is interval, no rigid connection between the tail end and main lever plate of the handwheel screw rod.

Handwheel can also be set in tailstock body side surface on the handwheel screw rod.

What the utility model can achieve has the technical effect that

Compared with prior art, the utility model it is pneumatic can it is automatic locking and with insurance function lathe, clamping When workpiece, by the back dead centre of the front end insertion spindle chuck of workpiece, the another side of workpiece is then placed on clamping workpiece branch On the support slipper of frame, then, pneumatic pushing mechanism work, main lever plate pushes live centre Forward；It is all bored before work pieces process There is centre bore, smoothly resists workpiece convenient for live centre, live centre is against the center position on the upper side of centre bore at this time, with Main lever plate continues to have an effect, and the front end of live centre is integrally inserted into centre bore, at this point, the rear end of workpiece has centainly upwards The offset of distance touches support slipper to leave support slipper when Work piece high-speed being avoided to rotate；When workpiece is clamped in place Afterwards, with the continuous effect of pusher cylinder, the lower part of auxiliary lever plate rotates backward around hinge joint, to arrive at positive stop and to limit Pressing spring squeezes, same with this so as to know that live centre has reached a reliable operating pressure to the extruding force of workpiece When, auxiliary lever plate triggers gas circuit travel switch, and tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up is then made to work, and final tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up locks back Turn top, thus the process of the completion clamping workpiece of automation；

Compared with prior art, the utility model it is pneumatic can it is automatic locking and with insurance function lathe, upper locking piece, Lower closing piece can be separated actively, when live centre is retracted, zero resistance.

Detailed description of the invention

Utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and specific embodiments:

Fig. 1 is the structural perspective of the embodiments of the present invention one；

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiments of the present invention one；

Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of the pneumatic insurance tailstock mechanism of the embodiments of the present invention one；

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the main lever plate of the embodiments of the present invention one；

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary lever plate of the embodiments of the present invention one；

Fig. 6 is the perspective view of an angle of the pneumatic insurance tailstock mechanism of the embodiments of the present invention one；

Fig. 7 is the perspective view of another angle of the pneumatic insurance tailstock mechanism of the embodiments of the present invention one；

Fig. 8 is the three-dimensional cutaway view of the pneumatic insurance tailstock mechanism of the embodiments of the present invention one；

Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up of the embodiments of the present invention one；

Figure 10 is that the tailstock pipe of the embodiments of the present invention one retracts the structure between screw rod and tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up Schematic diagram；

Figure 11 is the gas circuit distribution map of the embodiments of the present invention one；

Figure 12 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiments of the present invention two；

Figure 13 is the gas circuit distribution map of the embodiments of the present invention two.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment one

Please refer to Fig. 1 to Figure 11, the utility model provide it is a kind of pneumatically can automatic locking and with insurance function lathe, Including lathe bed 1, main shaft gearbox 2 and pneumatic insurance tailstock mechanism 3, the pneumatic insurance tailstock mechanism 3 include tail stock 4, Pneumatic pushing mechanism 5 and tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up 6,

The tail stock 4 includes tailstock body 7, tailstock pipe 8, silk braid 9, handwheel screw rod 10 and live centre 12, and silk braid 9 is solid It is scheduled on the tail end of tailstock pipe 8, handwheel screw rod 10 is connect with silk braid 9, rotation hand wheel screw rod 10, tailstock pipe 8 can be driven mobile, tailstock Pipe 8 under the effect of external force can be relative to tailstock body 7 along moving axially back and forth；

The pneumatic pushing mechanism 5 includes main body rack 13 and combined lever mechanism 14, and the combined lever mechanism 14 is wrapped Main lever plate 15, auxiliary lever plate 16 and pusher cylinder 17 are included, the main lever plate 15 is equipped with preceding hinged block 18, preceding hinged block 18 It is hinged with main body rack 13, first axle point 19 is formd between preceding hinged block and main body rack 13, first axle point 19 makes Main lever plate 15 is divided into preceding upper plate 20, preceding lower plate 21, and preceding upper plate 20 is longer than preceding lower plate 21；The matching of main lever plate 15 is in hand Take turns the tail end of screw rod 10；The auxiliary lever plate 16 is equipped with rear hinged block 22, and rear hinged block 22 is hinged on the upper of main lever plate 15 Second hinge point 23 is formd between end and rear hinged block 22 and main lever plate 15, rear hinged block 22 divides auxiliary lever plate 16 For rear upper plate 24, rear lower plate 25, rear upper plate 24 is shorter than rear lower plate 25；26 front end of plunger tip of the pusher cylinder 17 and auxiliary lever plate 16 upper end is hinged, and third hinge point 27 is formd between plunger tip 26 and auxiliary lever plate 16, and the tail end of the pusher cylinder 17 connects It is connected to flange 28, flange 28 and main body rack 13 are hinged, and the 4th hinge point 29 is formd between flange 28 and main body rack 13；Institute The lower part for stating main lever plate 15 is equipped with bolt 30, and the front end of bolt 30 and main lever plate 15 are fixed, and the rear end of bolt 30 passes through pair The through-hole 31 of 16 lower part of lever plate, the diameter of through-hole 31 are greater than the diameter of bolt 30, and auxiliary lever plate 16 can be with second hinge point 23 Rotation, through-hole 31 can move on bolt 30；The rear end of the bolt 30 is equipped with adjusting nut 32, is also arranged on bolt 30 Pressure limiting spring 33, front end, the rear end of pressure limiting spring 33 are against auxiliary lever plate 16, adjusting nut 32 respectively；On the bolt 30 also Equipped with stop nut 34, there is interval 35 between the stop nut 34 and auxiliary lever plate 16；The front end of the tailstock pipe 8 and master It is connected with tailstock pipe between the upper end of lever plate 15 and retracts screw rod 37,8 front end of tailstock pipe has upwardly extended stressed plate 38, by Power plate 38 is equipped with perforation 39, tailstock pipe retract screw rod 37 tail end and main lever plate 15 it is hinged, head end pass through perforation 39 and to Outer extension forms extension 40, and the extension 40 is screw rod, and screw rod is equipped with stress nut 41, stress nut 41 and stress Between plate 38 have adjustable berth away from；The tailstock pipe retracts screw rod 37 equipped with insurance circuit travel switch 43, the tailstock Pipe mechanism for locking up 6 includes upper locking piece 50, lower closing piece 51 and locking screw rod 52, and the top of the locking screw rod 52 is additionally provided with insurance touching Swing arm 59, insurance touch arm 59 and match with insurance circuit travel switch 43, when promotion tailstock pipe 8 Forward of main lever plate 15 and in place Afterwards, at this point, tailstock pipe retracts the Forward of screw rod 37, insurance circuit travel switch 43 is then made to reach the rotation row that insurance touches arm 59 It awaits orders within the scope of journey, when tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up 6 is locked, insurance touches the touch that arm 59 triggers insurance circuit travel switch 43 Point 100, the insurance circuit travel switch 43 is connected with the start button 85 of lathe；

Preferably, first axle point 19, second hinge point 23, third hinge point 27, the 4th hinge point 29 are screw spiral shell Parent structure, using the above-mentioned hinge point of screw nut structure, at work, play, contact surface be not big, wearability is good.

The side of the main lever plate 15 is equipped with support arm 45 close to the position of bottom, and support arm 45 is equipped with gas circuit travel switch 36, gas circuit travel switch 36 is matched with auxiliary lever plate 16, when auxiliary lever plate 16 is rotated around second hinge point 23, auxiliary lever plate 16 Bottom end reach 34 position of stop nut when, auxiliary lever plate 16 trigger gas circuit travel switch 36.

Energy-storaging spring 46 is equipped between the main lever plate 15 and the front end of main body rack 13；After the energy-storaging spring 46 End is connect with main lever plate 15, and front end is equipped with connection wire rod 47, and connection wire rod 47 passes through the front end through-hole 31 of main body rack 13, and Front nut 48 and back nut 49 are equipped in connection wire rod 47, before front nut 48, back nut 49 are respectively at main body rack 13 End and rear end, to adjust the elastic potential energy of energy-storaging spring 46.In practical application, energy-storaging spring uses length longer as far as possible Spring.

The tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up 6 includes upper locking piece 50, lower closing piece 51 and locking screw rod 52, upper locking piece 50 and lower closing piece 51, which are equipped with symmetrically upper locking face 53 and lower locking face 54, upper locking face 53, matches the outer peripheral surface of live centre 12 with lower locking face 54；Institute The center for stating upper locking piece 50 is equipped with plus thread hole, and the center of lower closing piece 51 is equipped with left-hand thread hole, plus thread hole and left-hand thread hole Rotation direction of thread is positive and negative each other；Lock screw rod 52 pass through plus thread hole, left-hand thread hole, and locking screw rod 52 on have with just Threaded hole, left-hand thread hole the matched plus thread section 55 of screw thread, left-hand thread section 56；The top articulated connection of the locking screw rod 52 There is lock actuating arm 57, the plunger tip 42 of the outer end and upper lock cylinder 58 of locking actuating arm 57 is hinged, when unlocking, upper locking piece 50 and lower closing piece 51 can actively separate.

Clamping workpiece bracket 86, including rear fixed plate 61, front shoe 62, work support plate are additionally provided on the lathe bed 1 63, support slipper 64 and vertical screw rod 65, the rear fixed plate 61 are fixed on tailstock body 7, and the front shoe 62 passes through fixation Screw rod 66 is connect with rear fixed plate 61, and front shoe 62 is adjustable with respect to the spacing between rear fixed plate 61, matches different length Live centre；Articulated connection is realized with the hinged screw rod 67 that front shoe 62 is arranged in the rear end of the work support plate 63, It is extended with supporting plate 68 in the front end of work support plate 63, the front end of the work support plate 63 is additionally provided with caulking groove, and caulking groove matching exists The upper surface of supporting plate 68, support slipper 64 can be embedded in caulking groove；It is respectively equipped on the support slipper 64, work support plate 63 Front standing pillar 71, back prop 72, are connected with reset spring 73 between front standing pillar 71 and back prop 72；The top of the vertical screw rod 65 is logical The top that strut 74 is connected to front shoe 62 is crossed, strut 74 is articulated connection with respect to front shoe 62, founds the opposite branch of screw rod 65 Bar 74 can up and down adjustment；The bottom end of the vertical screw rod 65 is hingedly connected on work support plate 63；Table on the support slipper 64 Face is less than the distance of support slipper 64 to 12 middle line of live centre to the distance of 75 middle line of workpiece；Pass through the work of reset spring 73 With the front standing pillar 71 is leaned against always on vertical screw rod 65；64 upper surface of support slipper is equipped with arc groove 76, is used for workpiece 75 Shelve, the center that the center of arc groove 76 is in live centre 12 and main shaft gearbox 2 always is formed by vertical plane, this Vertical plane is perpendicular to support slipper 64.

The distance of hinged screw rod 67 to the live centre 12 is at least twice of 75 maximum gauge of institute's workpieces processing.

It is described pneumatically can it is automatic locking and with insurance function lathe route controller, the route controller Including pressure regulator valve 77, hand-operated valve 78, threeway A and threeway B, external gas source connects pressure regulator valve 77, and pressure regulator valve 77 connects hand-operated valve 78, The gas outlet A83 of hand-operated valve 78 is respectively connected to the stomata 1 of pusher cylinder 17, gas circuit travel switch 36, gas by threeway A Road travel switch 36 is connected to the stomata 2 80 of lock cylinder 58, and gas outlet B84 is respectively connected to pusher cylinder 17 by threeway B Stomata 3 81, upper lock cylinder 58 stomata 4 82.

There is interval between the tail end and main lever plate 15 of the handwheel screw rod 10, no rigid hinge between them, this Position is convenient for can be manually rotated the fine tuning of handwheel screw rod, so as to manually adjust the position between live centre 12 and workpiece 75, after Phase according to actual needs, can increase handwheel in the side of tail stock.

Handwheel can also be set in side on the handwheel screw rod 10.

Below to the utility model pneumatically can automatic locking and with insurance function the working principle of lathe make an explanation:

The lathe of the utility model, first according to the minimum range of the centre bore at workpiece both ends, is used in clamping workpiece 75 The revolution live centre 12 on tail stock and the back dead centre 98 in spindle chuck 87 are adjusted in 10 end of hand rotation hand wheel screw rod Between minimum range while ejecting (live centre), the distance between both be less than the minimum of the centre bore at 75 both ends of workpiece Distance；When the live centre 12 of tail stock is retracted, it is greater than workpiece with the distance between the back dead centre 98 in spindle chuck 87 Length；The stress nut retracted on screw rod 10 is adjusted again, and the position with the stressed plate on tailstock pipe 8 obtains tailstock pipe 8 Driving cutting ferrule 97 is manually loaded onto maximum impulse stroke, one end of workpiece, and one end centre bore of driving cutting ferrule 97 is mounted in main shaft card On the back dead centre 98 of disk 87, turning of work piece makes that 96 pawl of claw of cutting ferrule 97 and spindle chuck 87 is driven to close, then, by workpiece 75 The other end be shelved on support slipper 64, adjust vertical screw rod 65, so that the central point of workpiece 75 is slightly below live centre 12, at this time Hand-operated valve is operated, pusher cylinder 17 works, and when live centre 12 is whole to be against in centre bore 70, workpiece 75 is propped, workpiece 75 leave the upper surface of support slipper 64；

The utility model realizes the driving to tail stock by combined lever mechanism 14, and pusher cylinder 17 directly acts on Combined lever mechanism 14, meanwhile, energy-storaging spring 46 is shunk, and is superimposed with the strength of pusher cylinder 17, due to auxiliary lever plate 16 and master Lever plate 15 is hinged, the presence of pressure spring, and main lever plate and auxiliary lever plate are whole in one, and combined lever mechanism is with laborsaving lever Mode rotated forward around first axle point 19, the position of upper plate 20 before the matching of the rear end of live centre 12 is corresponding, in this way, on preceding Plate 20 pushes live centre 12 to move forward, and is point contact between the tail end and main lever plate of live centre 12, defines back respectively The tail end for turning top 12 is passive promotion point, passive to push the opposite micro sliding on preceding upper plate 20 of point, at this point, tailstock pipe is retracted The synchronous Forward of screw rod 37, being retracted between screw rod 37 and perforation due to tailstock pipe is clearance fit, due to first axle point to tailstock The distance that pipe retracts screw rod is greater than the distance of first axle point to passive promotion point, so, tailstock pipe retracts screw rod 37 can be opposite Perforation is moved along the extending direction of perforation, and the Forward that the Forward displacement that tailstock pipe retracts screw rod 37 is greater than back dead centre 98 is displaced, institute Surmount perforation 39 with the stress nut that tailstock pipe retracts 37 front end of screw rod, when the length of workpiece 75 is correct, live centre 12 is correct The centre bore 70 for being against workpiece 75 in when, insurance circuit travel switch 43 reach insurance touch arm 59 rotational travel range Interior, insurance circuit travel switch 43 is standby, when live centre 12 resists workpiece 75, the plunger tip of pusher cylinder 17 after Continuous to press to auxiliary lever plate 16, since live centre 12 is kept out by workpiece 75, the active force continued to is greater than pressure limiting spring 33 Elastic force when, then auxiliary lever plate 16 forms laborious lever, and auxiliary lever plate 16 is rotated around second hinge point 23, under auxiliary lever plate 16 Portion moves backward and is limited nut 34 and limits, this process be carried out with the principle of laborious lever, so, only with elastic force compared with Small pressure limiting spring 33 just can control the final thrust of pusher cylinder 17, and at the same time, gas circuit is touched in the lower part of auxiliary lever plate 16 Travel switch 36 then makes tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up 6 work, and locks tailstock pipe 8, guarantees that tailstock pipe 8 is perfectly safe, not after the meeting It moves back；At the same time, insurance touches the front contact 100 that arm 59 touches insurance circuit travel switch 43, connects insurance circuit stroke and opens Close 43；The start button 85 of lathe is pressed, lathe can start.Insurance circuit travel switch 43 is circuit switch, with start button 85 series connection.In the process, combined lever mechanism 14 receives the certain thrust of pusher cylinder 17, can just make lock machine on tailstock pipe Structure 6 works, then could starting up, pusher cylinder 17 is to the thrust strength of combined lever mechanism 14, by pressure limiting spring 33 Control, the elastic force of pressure limiting spring 33 is bigger, and the thrust for the pusher cylinder 17 that combined lever mechanism 14 is subject to is bigger, then to vehicle The thrust of the live centre 12 of tailstock seat 4 is bigger, otherwise smaller.

Tailstock pipe 8 by it is locked in the case where, even if abnormal (such as: gas circuit disconnects, is under-voltage) occurs in gas circuit, tailstock pipe 8 is all It can guarantee and do not retract.

After the processing is completed, hand-operated valve is operated, air pressure enters the gas of upper lock cylinder through pressure regulator valve 77, hand-operated valve 78, threeway B Hole 4 82 then makes lock cylinder 58 work, and upper lock cylinder 58 drives the locking rotation of screw rod 52 to unlock, upper locking piece 50 and lower closing piece 51 are located remotely from each other, and keep tailstock pipe 8 in the unlocked state, and the gas in upper lock cylinder 58 is discharged out of gas circuit travel switch 36, with This simultaneously, air pressure enters the stomata 3 81 of pusher cylinder 17 through threeway B, so that pusher cylinder 17 be made to retract, drives main lever plate 15, auxiliary lever plate 16 retreats, synchronous, tailstock pipe retracts screw rod 37 and tailstock pipe 8 is driven to retreat reset；

The stable air pressure obtained from pressure regulator valve 77.

At the same time, main lever plate 15 does manual work to energy-storaging spring 46.When clamping workpiece 75, pusher cylinder 17 is needed to master Lever plate 15, auxiliary lever plate 16 are pushed towards 8 direction of tailstock pipe, at this point, the contraction power and pusher cylinder of energy-storaging spring 46 17 active force superposition, reinforces the active force to tailstock pipe 8, meanwhile, mitigate the load of pusher cylinder 17, extends pusher cylinder 17 Service life.Preferably, the length of energy-storaging spring 46 is longer, and the counteragent of energy-storaging spring 46 is smaller.

Due to there is energy-storaging spring 46, when there is abnormal (such as: gas circuit disconnects, under-voltage) in gas circuit, pusher cylinder 17 It can not retract, next step operation (that is: clamping workpiece can not carry out) can not be carried out.

If workpiece is too long, insurance circuit travel switch 43 can not reach this standby position, on tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up When lock, insurance, which touches arm 59, can not touch the front contact 100 of insurance circuit travel switch 43, at insurance circuit travel switch 43 Invalid in the start button 85 of off-state, lathe, lathe can not start, and protect cutter.

When no workpiece 75 or too short workpiece 75, after pneumatic pushing mechanism 5 works, since the stroke of pusher cylinder 17 is less than The stroke of tailstock pipe 8, after the stroke of pusher cylinder 17 is covered, combined lever mechanism 14 is also not affected by the resistance of workpiece, then secondary thick stick Bar plate 16 cannot trigger gas circuit travel switch 36, and tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up 6 can not work, then insurance circuit travel switch 43 is not yet It connects, 85 no power of start button of lathe, protects cutter, the generation to avoid a nasty accident.

The vertical screw rod 65 of clamping workpiece bracket 86 relative to strut 74 can lower movement vertically, due to vertical screw rod 65 with it is preceding solid Hinge joint between fixed board 62 is dynamic point, and founding strut 74 between screw rod 65 and front shoe 62 can be around with respect to front shoe 62 Axis left-right rotation is bolted with adjusting nut 32 on the top of vertical screw rod 65, when rotating adjusting nut 32, vertical screw rod 65 is adjusted With the relative position of strut 74, the lower movement vertically of screw rod 65 is stood, strut 74 is around axis left-right rotation；According to hinged screw rod 67 To between the distance at 75 center of workpiece, the bottom end of hinged screw rod 67 to vertical screw rod 65 and the 4th hinge point 29 of work support plate 63 Distance, the height distance of 71 to the 4th hinge point 29 of front standing pillar can be calculated, according to the outer diameter size of workpiece 75, adjust work The height of part supporting plate 63, the support slipper 64 on work support plate 63 are moved forward and backward, and keep 75 centre bore of workpiece and dead top The center line Corresponding matching of point 98.

The pneumatic insurance tailstock mechanism of the utility model, can apply on any lathe, only need to be by conventional lathe tail The handwheel of seat is removed, and pneumatic insurance tailstock mechanism 3 is installed.The pneumatic of the utility model can be automatic locking and with insurance function Lathe, realize the mechanical automation of piece-holder, save manpower, pneumatic actuation fast response time is time saving and energy saving, improve Working efficiency, reduces artificial labor intensity.

Embodiment two

The present embodiment is the simple plate structure of embodiment one, and the difference with embodiment one is: please refer to Figure 12, described group Closing lever mechanism only includes main lever plate 87, and the stroke lever of pusher cylinder 17 is hinged on the top of main lever plate 87.

Please refer to Figure 13, it is described pneumatically can automatic locking and with insurance function lathe route controller, it is described Route controller includes pressure regulator valve 77, hand-operated valve 78, threeway A and threeway B, and external gas source connects pressure regulator valve 77, pressure regulator valve 77 Hand-operated valve 78 is connected, hand-operated valve 8 is equipped with operation handle 95, and the gas outlet A83 of hand-operated valve 78 is respectively connected to push away by threeway A It takes offence stomata 1, the gas circuit travel switch 36 of cylinder 17, gas circuit travel switch 36 is connected to the stomata 2 80 of lock cylinder 58, out Port B84 is respectively connected to the stomata 3 81 of pusher cylinder 17, the stomata 4 82 of upper lock cylinder 58 by threeway B；The gas circuit Pipeline between travel switch 36 and gas outlet A83 is connected to inspection air cylinder 87 by threeway C, examines air cylinder 87 and pusher cylinder 17 be series connection, and the stroke lever matching of inspection air cylinder 87 is against the lower part of bumper rail 88, and the top of bumper rail 88, which matches, to be corresponded to Gas circuit travel switch 36, the top and lower part of bumper rail 88 are line of demarcation with fulcrum 94；In guarantor on the main body rack 13 The lower outside position of dangerous lever 88 is equipped with regulator, and the regulator includes screw rod 89, front nut 90, spring 91, gear Plate 92 and back nut 93, baffle 92 are fixed on main body rack 13, and the screw rod 89 is arranged in the centre bore of baffle 92, and spiral shell Bar 89 can be moved forward and backward along centre bore, and 90 twist-on of front nut is in the front end of screw rod 89, and spring 91 is set on screw rod 89, and spring 91 are compressed between front nut 90 and baffle 92, and 93 twist-on of back nut is in the rear end of screw rod 89, and back nut 93 is in baffle 92 rear side, is acted on by spring 91, and back nut 93 is against 92 rear end face of baffle；The front end of screw rod 89 matches corresponding bumper rail 88 Lower part thus the elastic force of adjustment spring 91, bumper is then adjusted by adjusting the distance of 90 opposing flaps 92 of front nut The stress degree of bar 88 when the inspection promotion of air cylinder 87 88 lower part of bumper rail, and examines 87 lead-screw 89 of air cylinder and is more than bullet When the elastic force of spring 91, the top of bumper rail 88 can just trigger gas circuit travel switch 36.

It above pneumatically can automatic locking and with insurance function lathe to one kind provided by the utility model embodiment It being described in detail, specific case used herein is expounded the principles of the present invention and embodiment, with The explanation of upper embodiment is merely used to help understand the revealed technical solution of the utility model；Meanwhile for the one of this field As technical staff, based on the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range, to sum up Described, the content of the present specification should not be construed as the limitation of the utility model.

Claims

1. it is a kind of pneumatically can automatic locking and with insurance function lathe, including lathe bed, main shaft gearbox and pneumatic insurance tail Seat mechanism, the pneumatic insurance tailstock mechanism include tail stock, pneumatic pushing mechanism and tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up,

The tail stock includes tailstock body, tailstock pipe, silk braid, handwheel screw rod and live centre, and silk braid is fixed on tailstock pipe Tail end, handwheel screw rod are connect with silk braid, rotation hand wheel screw rod, tailstock pipe can be driven mobile, tailstock pipe under the effect of external force may be used It is moved axially back and forth relative to tailstock body edge；

The pneumatic pushing mechanism includes main body rack and combined lever mechanism, the combined lever mechanism include main lever plate, Auxiliary lever plate and pusher cylinder, the main lever plate are equipped with preceding hinged block, and preceding hinged block and main body rack are hinged, preceding hinged block Form first axle point between main body rack, first axle point makes main lever plate be divided into preceding upper plate, preceding lower plate, it is preceding on Plate is longer than preceding lower plate；Tail end of the main lever plate matching in handwheel screw rod；The auxiliary lever plate is equipped with rear hinged block, rear to cut with scissors It connects block to be hinged on the upper end of main lever plate and form second hinge point between rear hinged block and main lever plate, rear hinged block makes Auxiliary lever plate is divided into rear upper plate, rear lower plate, and rear upper plate is shorter than rear lower plate；The plunger tip front end of the pusher cylinder and auxiliary lever plate Upper end it is hinged, third hinge point is formd between plunger tip and auxiliary lever plate, the tail end of the pusher cylinder is connected with flange, method It is blue hinged with main body rack, the 4th hinge point is formd between flange and main body rack；The lower part of the main lever plate is equipped with spiral shell Bolt, front end and the main lever plate of bolt are fixed, and the rear end of bolt passes through the through-hole of auxiliary lever plate lower part, and the diameter of through-hole is greater than spiral shell The diameter of bolt, auxiliary lever plate can be rotated with second hinge point, and through-hole can move on bolt；The rear end of the bolt, which is equipped with, to be adjusted Nut, is also arranged with pressure limiting spring on bolt, and front end, the rear end of pressure limiting spring are against auxiliary lever plate, adjusting nut respectively；Institute It states and is additionally provided with stop nut on bolt, there is interval between the stop nut and auxiliary lever plate；The front end of the tailstock pipe with It is connected with tailstock pipe between the upper end of main lever plate and retracts screw rod, tailstock pipe front end has upwardly extended stressed plate, stressed plate Be equipped with perforation, tailstock pipe retract screw rod tail end and main lever plate it is hinged, head end passes through perforation and has extended outward to form and prolongs Extending portion, the extension be screw rod, screw rod be equipped with stress nut, between stress nut and stressed plate have adjustable berth away from； The tailstock pipe retracts screw rod equipped with insurance circuit travel switch, and the tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up includes upper locking piece, lower closing piece With locking screw rod, the top of the locking screw rod is additionally provided with insurance and touches arm, and insurance touches arm and insurance circuit travel switch Match, when main lever plate push tailstock pipe Forward and in place after, move forward simultaneously at this point, tailstock pipe retracts screw rod with tailstock pipe, then Insurance circuit travel switch is reached to await orders in the rotational travel range of insurance touch arm, when the locking of tailstock pipe mechanism for locking up, Insurance touches arm and triggers insurance circuit travel switch, and the insurance circuit travel switch is connected with the start button of lathe；

The side of the main lever plate is equipped with support arm close to the position of bottom, and support arm is equipped with gas circuit travel switch, gas circuit stroke Switch is matched with auxiliary lever plate, and when auxiliary lever plate is rotated around second hinge point, the bottom end of auxiliary lever plate reaches stop nut position When setting, auxiliary lever plate triggers gas circuit travel switch.

2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of pneumatically can automatic locking and with insurance function lathe, it is characterised in that: institute It states and is equipped with energy-storaging spring between main lever plate and the front end of main body rack；The rear end of the energy-storaging spring is connect with main lever plate, Front end is equipped with connection wire rod, and connection wire rod passes through the front end through-hole of main body rack, and is equipped with front nut with after in connection wire rod Nut, front nut, back nut are respectively at the front and rear end of main body rack, to adjust the elastic potential energy of energy-storaging spring.

3. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of pneumatically can automatic locking and with insurance function lathe, it is characterised in that: institute It states upper locking piece and lower closing piece is equipped with symmetrically upper locking face and lower locking face, upper locking face and matches the periphery of live centre with lower locking face Face；The center of the upper locking piece is equipped with plus thread hole, and the center of lower closing piece is equipped with left-hand thread hole, plus thread hole and left-hand thread hole Rotation direction of thread is positive and negative each other；It locks screw rod and passes through plus thread hole, left-hand thread hole, and have and plus thread on locking screw rod The matched plus thread section of screw thread, the left-hand thread section in hole, left-hand thread hole；The top of the locking screw rod is hingedly connected with lock driving Arm, the outer end for locking actuating arm and the plunger tip of upper lock cylinder are hinged.

4. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of pneumatically can automatic locking and with insurance function lathe, it is characterised in that: institute It states and is additionally provided with clamping workpiece bracket on lathe bed, including rear fixed plate, front shoe, work support plate, support slipper and vertical screw rod, The rear fixed plate is fixed on tailstock body, and the front shoe passes through fixed screw rod and connect with rear fixed plate, front shoe phase It is adjustable to the spacing between rear fixed plate, match the live centre of different length；The rear end of the work support plate and setting Articulated connection is realized in the hinged screw rod of front shoe, is extended with supporting plate, the work support plate in the front end of work support plate Front end be additionally provided with caulking groove, caulking groove is matched in the upper surface of supporting plate, and support slipper can be embedded in caulking groove；The support slipper, It is respectively equipped with front standing pillar, back prop on work support plate, reset spring is connected between front standing pillar and back prop；The vertical screw rod Top the top of front shoe is connected to by strut, strut is articulated connection with respect to front shoe, founds screw rod with respect to strut It can up and down adjustment；The bottom end of the vertical screw rod is hingedly connected on work support plate；The support slipper upper surface is into workpiece The distance of line is less than the distance of support slipper to live centre middle line；By the effect of reset spring, the front standing pillar leans on always On vertical screw rod；The support slipper upper surface is equipped with arc groove, and for shelving for workpiece, the center of arc groove is in back always Turn top to be formed by vertical plane with main shaft gearbox center.

5. it is according to claim 4 it is a kind of pneumatically can automatic locking and with insurance function lathe, it is characterised in that: institute The distance for stating hinged screw rod to live centre is at least twice of the maximum diamater of work.

6. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of pneumatically can automatic locking and with insurance function lathe, it is characterised in that: institute Stating pneumatically can be automatic locking and further include route controller with the lathe of insurance function, and the route controller includes hand Dynamic valve, pressure regulator valve, threeway A and threeway B, external gas source connect pressure regulator valve, and pressure regulator valve connects hand-operated valve, the gas outlet A of hand-operated valve Stomata one, the gas circuit travel switch of pusher cylinder are respectively connected to by threeway A, gas circuit travel switch is connected to lock cylinder Stomata two, gas outlet B are respectively connected to the stomata three of pusher cylinder, the stomata four of upper lock cylinder by threeway B.

7. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of pneumatically can automatic locking and with insurance function lathe, it is characterised in that: institute Stating has interval between the tail end of handwheel screw rod and main lever plate.

8. it is according to claim 7 it is a kind of pneumatically can automatic locking and with insurance function lathe, it is characterised in that: institute Handwheel can also be arranged in tailstock body side surface on handwheel screw rod by stating.

9. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of pneumatically can automatic locking and with insurance function lathe, it is characterised in that: institute State pneumatically can it is automatic locking and with insurance function lathe route controller, the route controller includes pressure regulation Valve, hand-operated valve, threeway A and threeway B, external gas source connect pressure regulator valve, and pressure regulator valve connects hand-operated valve, and the gas outlet A of hand-operated valve is logical It crosses threeway A and is respectively connected to the stomata one of pusher cylinder, gas circuit travel switch, gas circuit travel switch is connected to the gas of lock cylinder Hole two, gas outlet B are respectively connected to the stomata three of pusher cylinder, the stomata four of upper lock cylinder by threeway B；The gas circuit stroke Pipeline between switch and gas outlet A is connected to inspection air cylinder by threeway C, and inspection air cylinder is to connect with pusher cylinder, inspection pressure The stroke lever matching of cylinder is against the lower part of bumper rail, and the top of bumper rail matches corresponding gas circuit travel switch, bumper The top and lower part of bar are using fulcrum as line of demarcation；Lower outside position on the main body rack in bumper rail is equipped with pressure regulation Device, the regulator include screw rod, front nut, spring, baffle and back nut, and baffle is fixed on main body rack, described Screw rod is arranged in the centre bore of baffle, and screw rod can be moved forward and backward along centre bore, and front nut twist-on is in the front end of screw rod, spring It is set on screw rod, and spring is compressed between front nut and baffle, back nut twist-on is in the rear end of screw rod, and at back nut It in the rear side of baffle, is acted on by spring, back nut is against baffle rear end face；The front end of screw rod matches under corresponding bumper rail Portion, by adjusting the distance of front nut opposing flaps, thus the elastic force of adjustment spring, be then adjusted bumper rail by range Degree, when inspection air cylinder pushes bumper rail lower part, and examines air cylinder lead-screw and be more than the elastic force of spring, bumper rail Top can just trigger gas circuit travel switch.