CN208299194U - Dynamic Q-modulating device based on photon crystal micro cavity - Google Patents
Dynamic Q-modulating device based on photon crystal micro cavity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses the dynamic Q-modulating devices based on photon crystal micro cavity, including tunable wave length pulse laser, p-i-n junction electrooptic modulator and photon crystal micro cavity-waveguiding structure；Photon crystal micro cavity-the waveguiding structure is made of front side photonic crystal waveguide, multimode photon crystal micro cavity, rear side photonic crystal waveguide；The front side photonic crystal waveguide is located at the left side of multimode photon crystal micro cavity, and rear side photonic crystal waveguide is located at the right side of multimode photon crystal micro cavity.The utility model structure is simple, it is easily achieved and integrates, the resonance frequency and Q value size that low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold can be freely manipulated by the Fine design of shape, structure and size to multimode photon crystal micro cavity make multimode photon crystal micro cavity have biggish dynamic tune Q range and biggish bandwidth of operation.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to photon crystal micro cavities, in particular to the dynamic Q-modulating device based on photon crystal micro cavity.
Background technique
High q-factor microcavity due to can light for a long time local in the short space of sub-wavelength magnitude so that intracavitary light with
Matter interaction greatly enhances, thus has a wide range of applications in fields such as all-optical switch, optical diode, All Optical Wavelength Conversions
Prospect.In recent years, with the rapid development of micro-nano photon technology, quality factor is more than 105Ultrahigh Q-value microcavity have been carried out.
However, high q-factor microcavity is faced with a basic difficulty: on the one hand, the Q value of microcavity is higher, then storage of the photon in microcavity
Service life is longer；But then, since the corresponding cavity mold line width of high q-factor microcavity is very narrow, allow to be coupled into the pulse of microcavity
The bandwidth of signal light is also inevitable very narrow, and the speed for causing signal light to enter and leave high q-factor microcavity is extremely slow (with Q value at anti-
Than), this requirement obviously handled high speed, broadband optical signal is unfavorable.
The key to solve the above problems is that dynamic adjusts Q: firstly, microcavity is adjusted to lower Q state of value, having to allow
The pulse light of large bandwidth is from waveguide quick coupling into microcavity, and microcavity is in " ON state " at this time；Then, to pulse light
After microcavity, microcavity is adjusted to ultrahigh Q-value rapidly, allows the signal light of " capture " to be difficult to overflow from microcavity, at this time microcavity
In " closed state ", making luminous energy, local is intracavitary for a long time, to obtain significant light delay, enhances the mutual of light and substance
Effect；When disengagement is required, microcavity is adjusted to low Q state again, the signal light of storage just can be coupled into outgoing from microcavity rapidly
Waveguide.Delay bandwidth product just can be significantly increased in this way, break through the limitation of contradictory relation between them.However, being realized to microcavity
Significantly dynamic adjusts Q to have comparable difficulty, and current realization means are seldom, mainly by photonic crystal waveguide side
It introduces reflecting mirror and is grown by accurate ultrafast phase-modulation control incident light with reflecting interference cancellation or mutually, microcavity is made to exist
Switch between " closed state " and " ON state ", or insulation wavelength convert is carried out by the resonance wavelength to multiple coupled micro-cavities simultaneously
Similar electromagnetic induced transparency effect is generated to realize.These dynamics adjust the mode of Q, whether the interference effect based on phase-modulation
It answers, or the class electromagnetic induced transparency effect based on more microcavity resonant frequency modulations, related technology is all sufficiently complex, to reality
It is very harsh to test condition requirement, applies and is also therefore limited to.Therefore, inquire into a kind of more simple and effective dynamic Q-regulating method,
It is particularly significant and crucial for realizing that dynamic adjusts Q in single microcavity.
Utility model content
In order to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above and deficiency of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide one kind to be based on photon
The dynamic Q-modulating device of crystal microcavity, has the advantages of simple structure and easy realization and integrates.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Dynamic Q-modulating device based on photon crystal micro cavity, including tunable wave length pulse laser, p-i-n junction electric light tune
Device processed and photon crystal micro cavity-waveguiding structure；The tunable wave length pulse laser is for providing incoming signal light；It is described
P-i-n junction electrooptic modulator is used to carry out dynamic modulation to photon crystal micro cavity refractive index；
Photon crystal micro cavity-the waveguiding structure is by front side photonic crystal waveguide, multimode photon crystal micro cavity, rear side photon
Crystal waveguide composition；The front side photonic crystal waveguide is located at the left side of multimode photon crystal micro cavity, rear side photonic crystal waveguide
Positioned at the right side of multimode photon crystal micro cavity；
The photonic crystal constitutes triangular crystal lattice in silicon materials plate by round airport；The diameter of the airport is
0.4a, wherein a is the lattice constant of photonic crystal；The silicon materials plate with a thickness of 0.5a；
The multimode photon crystal micro cavity by removing 6 to 14 airports in the horizontal direction in photonic crystal chip center and
It is formed, includes 1 low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and 1 ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold, the Q value of the low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold is less than 15000；The ultrahigh Q-value
Cavity mold Q value is greater than 100000；The resonance frequency compared with low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold is identical as the centre frequency of incident pulse signal light；
The low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold are by by the airport of the multimode photon crystal micro cavity leftmost side and the rightmost side
It is reduced into original 1/2, and respectively moves horizontally a/3 to the left and right sides respectively and is formed.
The front side photonic crystal waveguide on the left of multimode photon crystal micro cavity by removing the horizontally arranged round air of 1 row
Hole is formed.
The rear side photonic crystal waveguide on the right side of multimode photon crystal micro cavity by removing the horizontally arranged round air of 1 row
Hole is formed.
The center in the refractive index Electro-optical Modulation region of multimode photon crystal micro cavity and the center weight of multimode photon crystal micro cavity
It closes, the 1/2 of the entire microcavity of modulation areas area covering.
The dynamic tune side Q based on photon crystal micro cavity based on the dynamic Q-modulating device based on photon crystal micro cavity
Method, including tunable wave length pulse laser, p-i-n junction electrooptic modulator and the photon crystal micro cavity-waveguiding structure；
The tunable wave length pulse laser is for providing incoming signal light；The p-i-n junction electrooptic modulator is used for photon crystalline substance
Body microcavity refractive index carries out dynamic modulation.
The resonance frequency and incident pulse signal for the incident pulse signal light that the tunable wave length pulse laser generates
The centre frequency of light is identical.
The bandwidth of operation for the incident pulse signal light that the tunable wave length pulse laser generates and the frequency of low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold
Domain line width matches.
Based on the dynamic Q-regulating method based on photon crystal micro cavity, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: frequency is located at the incident pulse signal light within the scope of photonic band gap and enters from preceding side photonic crystal waveguide
It penetrates；
Step 2: after waiting signal lights to be coupled into photon crystal micro cavity completely, by p-i-n junction electrooptic modulator to multimode light
The refractive index of sub- crystal microcavity partial region carries out periodical Electro-optical Modulation, and microcavity refractive index is made to generate cyclically-varying, and
Modulating frequency is just set as to the difference of the low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold of microcavity and the resonance frequency of ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold；In refractive index periodic tune
Under the induction of system, intracavitary signal light energy will periodically be converted at any time between low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold, when
When signal light energy is converted to ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold from low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold completely, p-i-n junction electrooptic modulator is closed, signal light is long
Temporally local is in microcavity；
Step 3: when needing release signal light, then p-i-n junction electrooptic modulator is opened, makes low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and superelevation Q
Energy conversion between value cavity mold continues periodically to carry out, when signal light energy is converted to low reactance-resistance ratio from ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold completely
When cavity mold, p-i-n junction electrooptic modulator is closed, realizes the quick release of signal light side photonic crystal waveguide backward.
The principles of the present invention are as follows: designing a multimode microcavity first, it is made to contain 1 low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and 1
Ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold, their resonance frequency are respectively ω1And ω2.Under normal conditions, the two cavity molds are orthogonal, they it
Between without any coupling effect, therefore energy is between them without any exchange.But if is carried out to microcavity refractive index week
The modulation of phase property changes microcavity refractive index by following rule:
N (r, t)=n0+ Δ n (r) sin (Ω t), (1)
Wherein n0The refractive index of microcavity when for without modulation, Ω=| ω2-ω1| it is the modulating frequency of refractive index, r represents microcavity
Different location in region, t are the modulation time, and Δ n (r) is the modulation amplitude of refractive index of different location in microcavity.By equation (1)
Band people Maxwell equation, can release under the induction of microcavity refractive index periodic modulation, low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold
It will couple, signal light energy will periodically switch between low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold.At this point, low reactance-resistance ratio chamber
Mould and the normalized energy of ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold will be respectively by following rule variations:
Wherein K is the coefficient of coup under microcavity refractive index periodic modulation-induced between low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold.
By (2) formula and (3) formula it is found that change-over period of the signal light energy between low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold isTo ensure that K not equal to 0, and keeps dynamic q-effect optimal, the refractive index tune of photon crystal micro cavity should be allowed
Region processed accounts for about the 1/2 of entire microcavity, and the center of modulation areas is overlapped with the center of microcavity.
Low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold by the optimization design to multimode microcavity, the centre frequency and microcavity that can make pulse light is humorous
Vibration frequency is identical, therefore signal light can efficiently, rapidly be coupled into microcavity (coupling speed and Q value are inversely proportional), and allow incident letter
Number light has biggish bandwidth of operation.After equal signal lights are coupled into photon crystal micro cavity completely, microcavity is reflected by p-i-n junction
Rate carries out periodical Electro-optical Modulation, and microcavity refractive index is made to generate cyclically-varying by equation (1).In refractive index periodic modulation
Under induction, intracavitary signal light energy will by equation (2) and equation (3) between low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold at any time
Between periodically convert.When signal light energy is converted to ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold from low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold completely, modulation is closed, just can be incited somebody to action
Signal light for a long time local in microcavity.When needing release signal light, then modulation is opened, makes low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and ultrahigh Q-value
Energy conversion between cavity mold continues periodically to carry out；When signal light energy is converted to low reactance-resistance ratio chamber from ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold completely
It when mould, closes modulation, is just able to achieve the quick release of signal light (rate of release and Q value are inversely proportional).In this way, being just able to achieve microcavity
Dynamic tune Q.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) existing dynamic Q-regulating technique is mainly based upon the interference effect of phase-modulation, or humorous based on more microcavitys
The class electromagnetic induced transparency effect of vibration frequency modulation, related technology is all sufficiently complex, requires experiment condition very harsh.And
The utility model is without carrying out phase-modulation, without by the class electromagnetic induced transparency effect based on more microcavitys, but only
Carrying out dynamic modulation by the refractive index to a microcavity can realize that dynamic adjusts Q, have the advantages of simple structure and easy realization and integrate.
(2) existing dynamic Q-regulating technique whether based on the interference effect of phase-modulation, or is based on more microcavity resonance
Warbled class electromagnetic induced transparency effect is all to irradiate freely carrying for silicon materials surface initiation by applying pulse pump light
Sub- sink effect is flowed, waveguide or microcavity refractive index finely regulating are realized.However, since what is generated in silicon materials freely carries
Flow son dynamic complex, microcavity would become hard to keep high q-factor closed chamber state, signal light local in microcavity time also therefore by
Limitation.In addition, free-carrier Absorption can also bring biggish light loss, this will further decrease signal light local in microcavity
Time.And the utility model is then by p-i-n junction to microcavity refractive index progress dynamic Electro-optical Modulation, rather than by free load
Sub- sink effect is flowed, therefore signal light local can be longer in the time of microcavity.
(3) the dynamic tune Q of the utility model is to utilize signal light between the low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold of microcavity
Dynamic transition is carried out to realize.Since the resonance frequency of low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold is identical as the centre frequency of incident pulse signal light, from
And enable signal light quick coupling to enter microcavity and there is biggish bandwidth of operation, and it is based on phase modulation interference effect and class
The bandwidth of operation of the dynamic Q-regulating technique of electromagnetic induced transparency effect then usual very little.
(4) resonance frequency and Q value size corresponding to the utility model low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold, can pass through
The Fine design of shape, structure and size to photon crystal micro cavity freely manipulates, so that dynamic adjusts Q to signal light-wave
It is long that there is better applicability, and in coupling speed, bandwidth of operation and the signal light local of signal light disengaging microcavity in microcavity
Time etc. there is stronger controllability, to be more conducive to the all-optical signal processing of high speed, broadband.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of the dynamic Q-modulating device based on photon crystal micro cavity of the utility model embodiment.
Fig. 2 is that the realization dynamic of the utility model embodiment adjusts photon crystal micro cavity-waveguiding structure schematic diagram of Q.
Fig. 3 be the utility model embodiment realizations signal light efficient coupling enter microcavity and long-time be stored in microcavity when
Domain evolution diagram.
Fig. 4 is that the realization signal light of the utility model embodiment develops in the time domain that the time arbitrarily needed discharges from microcavity
Figure.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail, but the embodiments of the present invention
It is without being limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the dynamic Q-modulating device based on photon crystal micro cavity of the present embodiment includes that tunable wave length pulse swashs
Light device (Pulse LD) 1, variable optical attenuator (VOA) 2, polarization controller 3, lens fiber 4, photon crystal micro cavity-waveguide junction
Structure 5, p-i-n junction electrooptic modulator (VF) 6, lens fiber 7, spectroanalysis instrument (OSA) 8.
The operation wavelength of tunable wave length pulse laser 1 is continuously adjustable in 1500nm to 1600nm, tuning precision 1MHz,
Pulsewidth is 50ps, repetition rate 350MHz.
As shown in Fig. 2, photon crystal micro cavity-the waveguiding structure 5 of the present embodiment is by 32 × 17 round airport in silicon material
Triangular crystal lattice is constituted in material plate, is arranged along x/y plane.Air bore dia d=0.4a, wherein a=420nm is photonic crystal
Lattice constant.The refractive index of silicon materials plate is 3.4, thickness (perpendicular to x/y plane) h=0.5a.Photon crystal micro cavity-waveguide
Structure 5 is made of front side photonic crystal waveguide 9, photon crystal micro cavity 10, rear side photonic crystal waveguide 11.The multimode photon is brilliant
Body microcavity 10 is removed 1 row airport (totally 8) in the horizontal direction and is formed by entreating in the photonic crystal, chamber each side by
Two diameters are that the airport of 0.4a constitutes the cavity wall of resonant cavity；Close to the microcavity leftmost side of cavity wall and two air of the rightmost side
Kong Jun is reduced into original 1/2, and respectively moves horizontally a/3 to the left and right sides respectively, just can form a low reactance-resistance ratio chamber in this way
Mould (Q=10800) and a ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold (Q=126500), resonance frequency be respectively 0.27081 (2 π c/a) and
0.27078 (2 π c/a), c are the speed of light in a vacuum.The front side photonic crystal waveguide 9 is located at multimode photon crystal micro cavity
10 left side, rear side photonic crystal waveguide 11 are located at the right side of multimode photon crystal micro cavity 10.Front side photonic crystal waveguide 9, after
Side photonic crystal waveguide 11 by removing the horizontally arranged round airport of 1 row respectively at left and right sides of multimode photon crystal micro cavity and
It is formed.The center in microcavity refractive index Electro-optical Modulation region 12 is overlapped with the center of multimode photon crystal micro cavity, modulation areas area
Cover the 1/2 of entire microcavity.
The dynamic Q-regulating method based on photon crystal micro cavity of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: being optimized to photon crystal micro cavity shape, size and structure, on photonic crystal chip center edge
Horizontal direction removes 8 airports and forms multimode photon crystal micro cavity, the sky for being each side 0.4a by two diameters of chamber
The cavity wall of stomata composition resonant cavity；Then original will be reduced into close to two airports of the microcavity leftmost side of cavity wall and the rightmost side
1/2 come, and respectively move horizontally a/3 to the left and right sides respectively, one just can be formed in this way compared with low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold (Q=
10800) with a ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold (Q=126500), resonance frequency is respectively ω1=0.27081 (2 π c/a) and ω2=
0.27078(2πc/a)。
Step 2: opening tunable wave length pulse laser 1, its central wavelength is adjusted to 1550nm, adjusts variable light decay
Subtract device 2 and its power is adjusted to 1 milliwatt, and enables the electric field polarization of tunable wave length pulse laser 1 along flat using Polarization Controller 3
Row is in x/y plane direction (i.e. H mode, TE polarization).As shown in Figure 1, the signal light warp that tunable wave length pulse laser 1 issues
Front side photonic crystal waveguide 9 is injected along 2 dimensional photonic crystal planes (i.e. the face xy) after the focusing of lens fiber 4, and is coupled into multimode light
Sub- crystal microcavity 10.
Step 3: p-i-n junction electrooptic modulator is opened after waiting signal lights to be coupled into multimode photon crystal micro cavity completely, and
Modulating frequency is set as Ω=ω1-ω2, microcavity refractive index is made to generate cyclically-varying by equation (1).In refractive index periodic tune
Under the induction of system, intracavitary signal light energy will periodically be converted at any time between low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold,
The change-over period is 9ps in the present embodiment.After time t is the change-over period of 1/2 (or 1/2 odd-multiple), signal luminous energy
Amount will be converted to ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold from low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold completely.At this point, p-i-n junction electrooptic modulator is closed, it just can be by signal light
For local in microcavity, the signal light power exported at this time is almost 0 for a long time, as shown in figure 3, wherein 13 for close p-i-n
Tie the time point of electrooptic modulator.
Step 4: when needing release signal light at the time of needed for any, then p-i-n junction electrooptic modulator is opened, such as
(wherein 14 signal arbitrarily to choose in the present embodiment intends release time point) shown in Fig. 4, makes low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and ultrahigh Q-value chamber
Energy conversion between mould continues periodically to carry out.When signal light energy is converted to low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold from ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold completely
When, p-i-n junction electrooptic modulator is closed, the time point of p-i-n junction electrooptic modulator is closed as shown in 15 in Fig. 4, just can in this way
Realize that signal light, to 11 quick release of rear side photonic crystal waveguide, is connect after lens fiber 7 by spectroanalysis instrument 10 in 25ps
It receives.
Above-described embodiment is the preferable embodiment of the utility model, but the embodiments of the present invention is not by described
The limitation of embodiment, it is made under other any spiritual essence and principles without departing from the utility model to change, modify, replacing
In generation, simplifies combination, should be equivalent substitute mode, is included within the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (6)
1. the dynamic Q-modulating device based on photon crystal micro cavity, which is characterized in that including tunable wave length pulse laser, p-i-n
Tie electrooptic modulator and photon crystal micro cavity waveguiding structure；The tunable wave length pulse laser is for providing incoming signal
Light；The p-i-n junction electrooptic modulator is used to carry out dynamic modulation to photon crystal micro cavity refractive index；
The photon crystal micro cavity waveguiding structure is by front side photonic crystal waveguide, multimode photon crystal micro cavity, rear side photonic crystal
Waveguide composition；The front side photonic crystal waveguide is located at the left side of multimode photon crystal micro cavity, and rear side photonic crystal waveguide is located at
The right side of multimode photon crystal micro cavity；
The photonic crystal constitutes triangular crystal lattice in silicon materials plate by round airport；The diameter of the airport is
0.4a, wherein a is the lattice constant of photonic crystal；The silicon materials plate with a thickness of 0.5a；
The multimode photon crystal micro cavity by removing 6 to 14 airports and shape in photonic crystal chip center in the horizontal direction
At comprising 1 low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and 1 ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold, the Q value of the low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold is less than 15000；The ultrahigh Q-value chamber
Mould Q value is greater than 100000；The resonance frequency compared with low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold is identical as the centre frequency of incident pulse signal light；
The low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold and ultrahigh Q-value cavity mold are by reducing the airport of the multimode photon crystal micro cavity leftmost side and the rightmost side
It is original 1/2, and respectively moves horizontally a/3 to the left and right sides respectively and formed.
2. the dynamic Q-modulating device according to claim 1 based on photon crystal micro cavity, which is characterized in that the front side light
Sub- crystal waveguide is formed by removing the horizontally arranged round airport of 1 row on the left of multimode photon crystal micro cavity.
3. the dynamic Q-modulating device according to claim 1 based on photon crystal micro cavity, which is characterized in that the rear side light
Sub- crystal waveguide is formed by removing the horizontally arranged round airport of 1 row on the right side of multimode photon crystal micro cavity.
4. the dynamic Q-modulating device according to claim 1 based on photon crystal micro cavity, which is characterized in that multimode photon is brilliant
The center in the refractive index Electro-optical Modulation region of body microcavity is overlapped with the center of multimode photon crystal micro cavity, modulation areas area covering
The 1/2 of entire microcavity.
5. the dynamic Q-modulating device according to claim 1 based on photon crystal micro cavity, which is characterized in that the wavelength can
The resonance frequency for tuning the incident pulse signal light that pulse laser generates is identical as the centre frequency of incident pulse signal light.
6. the dynamic Q-modulating device according to claim 1 based on photon crystal micro cavity, which is characterized in that the wavelength can
The bandwidth of operation of incident pulse signal light that tuning pulse laser generates matches with the frequency domain line width of low reactance-resistance ratio cavity mold.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108390249A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-08-10 | 华南理工大学 | Dynamic Q-modulating device based on photon crystal micro cavity and method |
| CN109884558A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-06-14 | 江苏大学 | A kind of magnetic field sensor based on photonic crystal panel microcavity |
-
2018
- 2018-05-18 CN CN201820754812.9U patent/CN208299194U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108390249A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-08-10 | 华南理工大学 | Dynamic Q-modulating device based on photon crystal micro cavity and method |
| CN109884558A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-06-14 | 江苏大学 | A kind of magnetic field sensor based on photonic crystal panel microcavity |
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