CN208239363U - Bolt detection device and system - Google Patents
Bolt detection device and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN208239363U CN208239363U CN201820343028.9U CN201820343028U CN208239363U CN 208239363 U CN208239363 U CN 208239363U CN 201820343028 U CN201820343028 U CN 201820343028U CN 208239363 U CN208239363 U CN 208239363U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a kind of bolt detection device and system, is related to detection technique field.Bolt detection device, comprising: ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic exciting circuit, ultrasonic wave receive circuit and field programmable gate array；Ultrasonic exciting circuit and ultrasonic wave receive circuit and are electrically connected with field programmable gate array；Ultrasonic exciting circuit is for emitting ultrasonic excitation signals to ultrasonic probe under the control of programmable gate array at the scene, so that ultrasonic probe emits ultrasonic signal to bolt to be detected；Ultrasonic probe is used to emit ultrasonic signal to bolt to be detected under the excitation of the ultrasonic excitation signals, and it receives and injects the ultrasonic signal that the bolt back reflection to be detected returns, and be sent to ultrasonic wave reception circuit after the ultrasonic signal received is converted to electric signal；Ultrasonic wave receives circuit and stores for will be sent to field programmable gate array after the Electric signal processing received.The bolt detection device and system, it is convenient to realize, applicability is higher.
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to detection technique field, in particular to a kind of bolt detection device and system.
Background technique
Bolt is one of the standard fitting in industrial equipment, as the connector of various equipment, has construction is simple, stress
Performance is good, replaceable, endurance and the advantages that will not loosen under dynamic load(loading) effect, is connection important at present, sealing
Device.But also just because of the extensive use of bolt, working environment is also multifarious, often in complicated stress, high temperature
Under the various bad working environments such as high pressure, periodic vibration, therefore bolt is easy to generate fatigue crack.These crackles are generally not easy to be sent out
It is existing, crack growth to a certain extent when, brittle fracture often occurs, to cause great safety accident, serious prestige
Coerce personal safety.In order to ensure industrial safety, it is necessary to find crack defect early, to replace in time, hidden danger is gripped
It kills in cradle.
Utility model content
In view of this, the embodiment of the present disclosure is designed to provide a kind of bolt detection device and system.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a kind of bolt detection device, comprising: ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic wave swash
Encourage circuit, ultrasonic wave receives circuit and field programmable gate array；
The ultrasonic exciting circuit and ultrasonic wave receive circuit and are electrically connected with the field programmable gate array；
The ultrasonic exciting circuit is used under the control of the field programmable gate array to the ultrasonic probe
Emit ultrasonic excitation signals, so that the ultrasonic probe emits ultrasonic signal to bolt to be detected；
The ultrasonic probe is used to emit ultrasonic wave to bolt to be detected under the excitation of the ultrasonic excitation signals
Signal, and receive and inject the ultrasonic signal that the bolt back reflection to be detected returns, and the ultrasonic signal received is turned
The ultrasonic wave reception circuit is sent to after being changed to electric signal；
The ultrasonic wave receives circuit for will be sent to the field-programmable gate array after the Electric signal processing received
Column；
The field programmable gate array is super to ultrasonic probe transmitting for controlling the ultrasonic exciting circuit
Acoustic wave excitation signal, and receive the ultrasonic wave and receive the ultrasonic signal of circuit transmission and stored.
Optionally, the ultrasonic exciting circuit includes high-voltage pulse transmit circuit, and the ultrasonic probe includes ultrasound
Wave transducer, the high-voltage pulse transmit circuit are electrically connected with the field programmable gate array, the high-voltage pulse transmitting electricity
Road is for motivating the ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasonic wave.
Optionally, it includes signal conditioning circuit and A/D conversion circuit, the signal condition electricity that the ultrasonic wave, which receives circuit,
The output end on road is connect with the A/D conversion circuit, and the A/D conversion circuit is electrically connected with the field programmable gate array；
The signal conditioning circuit is used to be transmitted to institute after carrying out clipping, amplification and filtering processing to the electric signal received
A/D conversion circuit is stated, the A/D conversion circuit stores after the analog signal received is converted to digital signal to the scene
Programmable gate array.
Optionally, the signal conditioning circuit includes amplitude limiting amplifier circuit, bandwidth-limited circuit and controllable gain amplification electricity
Road, the bandwidth-limited circuit are connected between the amplitude limiting amplifier circuit and controllable gain amplifying circuit, the controllable gain
The output end of amplifying circuit is connect with the A/D conversion circuit；
The amplitude limiting amplifier circuit is used to be transmitted to the band after carrying out clipping and enhanced processing to the electric signal received
Bandpass filter circuit, the bandwidth-limited circuit are used to after carrying out bandpass filtering to the ultrasonic signal after clipping and enhanced processing pass
The controllable gain amplifying circuit is transported to, the controllable gain amplifying circuit is used to carry out the ultrasound information after bandpass filtering
The A/D conversion circuit is transmitted to after enhanced processing.
Optionally, the ultrasonic probe is monocrystalline angle probe.
Optionally, the high-voltage pulse transmit circuit is high voltage narrow pulse transmit circuit.
Optionally, the bolt detection device further includes level shifting circuit, and the level shifting circuit is connected to described
Between field programmable gate array and the ultrasonic exciting circuit, surpass for adjusting the field programmable gate array with described
The harmony of acoustic wave excitation circuit input/output logic.
Optionally, the bolt detection device further includes the power supply mould being electrically connected respectively with the field programmable gate array
Block, clock-reset circuit, universaling I/O port and emulation interface.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present disclosure provide a kind of bolt detection system, including microprocessor and above-mentioned bolt inspection
Device is surveyed, the microprocessor is electrically connected with the field programmable gate array, and the microprocessor is for obtaining the scene
The ultrasonic signal of programmable gate array storage is simultaneously handled.
Optionally, the microprocessor is connected with display, memory, clock module and power circuit；
Each device blocks in the bolt detection system are integrated in printed circuit board, and using 3D printing shell into
Row encapsulation, to form Portable screw bolt detection device.
The bolt detection device and system that the embodiment of the present disclosure provides using ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic exciting circuit, surpass
Acoustic receiver circuit and field programmable gate array etc. constitute bolt detection device, the bolt detection device are based on, to be detected
Bolt emits ultrasonic signal, and receives and store the telecommunications obtained by injecting the ultrasonic signal that bolt back reflection to be detected returns
Number, when ultrasonic wave is propagated in bolt to be detected, due to the change of the acoustic characteristic or its internal structure of bolt material to be detected
Change, the propagation of ultrasonic wave is caused to generate certain influence, thus the electric signal that the ultrasonic signal by being reflected back obtains can be anti-
Answer whether bolt to be detected cracks, bolt detection device is by believing by injecting the ultrasonic wave that bolt back reflection to be detected returns
The storage of number obtained electric signal provides more possibility for bolt detection, for example, being based on above-mentioned hardware structure, carries out simple
Function Extension, microprocessor can analyze out bolt with the presence or absence of crackle based on the electric signal of storage.
Further, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, crack in bolt is detected using monocrystalline angle probe.It is verified, it is identical
In the case where frequency and same wafer size, compared to straight probe of single crystal, the ability that monocrystalline angle probe detects tiny flaw is bigger,
Due to the central energy highest of ultrasound beamformer, therefore monocrystalline angle probe can preferably focus, crackle is detected, and reduces energy
Decaying, greatly improve detection accuracy.
Further, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, using high voltage narrow pulse transmit circuit as high-voltage pulse transmit circuit, with
Sharp pulse excitation is generated, so as to motivate ultrasonic probe to generate the ultrasonic signal of high quality, and then is obtained more accurate
Ultrasonic listening signal.
Further, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, used device blocks are less, each device mould in bolt detection system
Block is integrated in printed circuit board, and is packaged using the shell of 3D printing, to form Portable screw bolt detection device, just
In carrying, and detect more convenient, cost performance with higher.
To enable the above objects, features, and advantages of the disclosure to be clearer and more comprehensible, preferred embodiment is cited below particularly, and cooperate
Appended attached drawing, is described in detail below.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached in order to illustrate more clearly of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure
Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only some embodiments of the disclosure, therefore is not construed as pair
The restriction of range for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to this
A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of block diagram for bolt detection device that the embodiment of the present disclosure provides.
Fig. 2 is a kind of another block diagram for bolt detection device that the embodiment of the present disclosure provides.
Fig. 3 is a kind of block diagram for bolt detection system that the embodiment of the present disclosure provides.
Fig. 4 is a kind of another block diagram for bolt detection system that the embodiment of the present disclosure provides.
Icon: 10- field programmable gate array；11- ultrasonic probe；111- ultrasonic exciting circuit；1111- ultrasonic wave
Energy converter；1112- high-voltage pulse transmit circuit；112- ultrasonic wave receives circuit；1121- amplitude limiting amplifier circuit；The filter of 1122- band logical
Wave circuit；1123- controllable gain amplifying circuit；1124-A/D conversion circuit；12- inner buffer；13- level shifting circuit；14-
Power module；15- clock-reset circuit；16- universaling I/O port；17- emulation interface；20- microprocessor；21- power circuit；22-
Clock module；23- display；24- memory.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present disclosure is carried out clear, complete
Ground description, it is clear that described embodiment is only disclosure a part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Usually exist
The component of the embodiment of the present disclosure described and illustrated in attached drawing can be arranged and be designed with a variety of different configurations herein.Cause
This, is not intended to limit the claimed disclosure to the detailed description of the embodiment of the disclosure provided in the accompanying drawings below
Range, but it is merely representative of the selected embodiment of the disclosure.Based on embodiment of the disclosure, those skilled in the art are not being done
Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work out belongs to the range of disclosure protection.
It should also be noted that similar label and letter indicate similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi
It is defined in a attached drawing, does not then need that it is further defined and explained in subsequent attached drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, being a kind of block diagram for the bolt detection device that the embodiment of the present disclosure provides.The disclosure is implemented
Bolt detection device in example includes: ultrasonic probe 11, ultrasonic exciting circuit 111, ultrasonic wave reception circuit 112 and scene
Programmable gate array 10.
Wherein, the ultrasonic exciting circuit 111 and ultrasonic wave receive circuit 112 and the field programmable gate array 10
Electrical connection.
It is at an angle with detection faces near the intersection for typically occurring in screw thread and nut in view of crackle, in order to mention
Height optionally detects the detection accuracy of crack in bolt using monocrystalline angle probe to crack in bolt in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
Verified, in the case where identical frequency and same wafer size, compared to straight probe of single crystal, monocrystalline angle probe detects tiny flaw
Ability it is bigger, due to the central energy highest of ultrasound beamformer, therefore monocrystalline angle probe can preferably focus, crackle is examined
It surveys, reduces the decaying of energy, greatly improve detection accuracy.Optionally, embodiment of the present disclosure selected frequency is 10M, wafer size
It is detected for the monocrystalline angle probe of 8mm, it is verified, it can be realized the detection of 1mm disadvantages described above crackle using this kind selection.
The ultrasonic exciting circuit 111 be used under the control of the field programmable gate array 10 by setpoint frequency to
The ultrasonic probe 11 emits ultrasonic excitation signals, so that the ultrasonic probe 11 emits ultrasonic wave to bolt to be detected
Signal.
Please refer to Fig. 2, the ultrasonic exciting circuit 111 may include with high-voltage pulse transmit circuit 1112, surpass
Sonic probe 11 may include ultrasonic transducer 1111, and the high-voltage pulse transmit circuit 1112 is for motivating the ultrasonic wave
Energy converter 1111 generates ultrasonic wave.The specific working principle is as follows: field programmable gate array for the ultrasonic exciting circuit 111
10 (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) generate a pulse signal and control high-voltage pulse transmit circuit
1112 generate high voltage narrow pulse, which motivates the ultrasonic signal of the generation setpoint frequency of ultrasonic transducer 1111,
Ultrasonic signal injects the echo-signal returned after workpiece such as bolt to be detected and enters ultrasonic probe 11.Correspondingly, ultrasonic wave
Probe 11 is for emitting ultrasonic signal, and reception injection to bolt to be detected under the excitation of the ultrasonic excitation signals
The ultrasonic signal that the bolt back reflection to be detected returns, and be sent to after the ultrasonic signal received is converted to electric signal
Ultrasonic wave receives circuit 112.
High-voltage pulse transmit circuit 1112 is for motivating ultrasonic transducer 1111 to generate corresponding ultrasonic wave, pumping signal
Quality often determine the quality of ultrasonic wave, pumping signal is better, and the ultrasonic wave burr and clutter of generation are fewer, and quality is got over
It is high.Optionally, the high-voltage pulse transmit circuit 1112 of the embodiment of the present disclosure uses high voltage narrow pulse transmit circuit, to generate sharp arteries and veins
Impulse is encouraged, and RC (Resistance-Capacitance Circuits) discharge circuit can be used for principle, selects the ginseng of setting
Number, generates a variety of high voltage narrow pulses, such as can produce the high voltage narrow pulse of 50ns, so that ultrasonic probe 11 be motivated to generate height
The ultrasonic signal of quality.
Ultrasonic wave receives the electric signal (corresponding ultrasonic signal) that circuit 112 is used to receive the transmission of ultrasonic probe 11,
And field programmable gate array 10 will be sent to after the ultrasonic signal received processing.Wherein, ultrasonic wave reception circuit 112 can
To include signal conditioning circuit and A/D conversion circuit 1124, the output end of the signal conditioning circuit and the A/D conversion circuit
1124 connections, the signal conditioning circuit are used to after carrying out the processing such as clipping, amplification and filtering to the electric signal received transmit
To the A/D conversion circuit 1124, correspondingly, signal conditioning circuit may include amplitude limiting amplifier circuit 1121, bandpass filtering electricity
The analog signal received is converted to number by road 1122, controllable gain amplifying circuit 1123 etc., the A/D conversion circuit 1124
It is stored after signal to the inner buffer 12 such as first in, first out (First Input First of the field programmable gate array 10
Output, FIFO) in memory.
The field programmable gate array 10 is surpassed by setpoint frequency to described for controlling the ultrasonic exciting circuit 111
Sonic probe 11 emits ultrasonic excitation signals, and receives the ultrasonic wave and receive the ultrasonic signal of the transmission of circuit 112 simultaneously
It is stored.
Field programmable gate array 10 can also include other devices, for example, programmable gate array 10 and high pressure at the scene
It can connect level shifting circuit 13 between impulse ejection circuit 1112, to ensure field programmable gate array 10 and high-voltage pulse
The harmony of 1112 input/output logic of transmit circuit.According to actual needs, field programmable gate array 10 can also connect electricity
Source module 14, clock-reset circuit 15, universaling I/O port 16, emulation interface 17 etc..
Fig. 3 is please referred to, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a kind of bolt detection system, in above-mentioned bolt detection device
On the basis of, bolt detection system further includes microprocessor 20.Field programmable gate array 10 is communicated with microprocessor 20, for example,
The FIFO memory and microprocessor 20 of field programmable gate array 10 can carry out data communication.
The microprocessor 20 is used to obtain the ultrasonic signal that the field programmable gate array 10 stores, and is located
Reason.
Wherein, it is based on above-mentioned hardware structure, user can control microprocessor 20 and carry out a variety of extension process, to be based on
The ultrasound information analysis of acquisition obtains bolt to be detected with the presence or absence of crackle.
For example, the noise that microprocessor 20 can remove in the ultrasonic signal of acquisition obtains required raw ultrasound
Wave signal is calculated from finish time of the ultrasonic signal transmitted wave at the beginning of generating bottom wave through the bolt to be detected
The gross energy of ultrasonic signal between quarter, by the gross energy being calculated and preset gross energy and crack in bolt corresponding data into
Row compares, and obtains the bolt to be detected with the presence or absence of crackle according to comparison result.
In order to realize judgement and positioning to crack in bolt size, ultrasonic wave wave packet can be based in the embodiment of the present disclosure
The summation of energy judges to carry out crack detection with the presence or absence of crackle and crackle situation in bolt to be detected based on gross energy and examine
Section is bigger, and testing result is more accurate.The specific implementation flow for carrying out crack detection based on gross energy can be as follows.
Gross energy and crack in bolt corresponding data are preset in microprocessor 20.Gross energy and crack in bolt corresponding data are logical
Cross following steps acquisition: previously fabricated multiple with same position different crack depths and same crack depth different location
Bolt calculates separately the gross energy of ultrasonic signal corresponding with the bolt, root for each bolt in the multiple bolt
According to the gross energy for the ultrasonic signal corresponding with each bolt being calculated, total energy corresponding with different crack depths is demarcated
Numerical quantity, to obtain gross energy and crack in bolt corresponding data.
It is corresponding with crack in bolt by the gross energy and preset gross energy that will test the ultrasonic signal of bolt to be detected
Data are matched, with the presence or absence of the depth of crackle and crackle in you can get it bolt to be detected.
Optionally, microprocessor 20 is specifically used for being calculated by using the following formula gross energy:
Wherein, t1 is the finish time of ultrasonic signal transmitted wave, and t2 is the ultrasonic signal that is emitted through described to be checked
At the beginning of surveying bolt generation bottom wave, | A | for the absolute value of the magnitudes of acoustic waves under the start time.
While analysis obtains in bolt to be detected with the presence or absence of crackle and crack depth, microprocessor 20 can be with
The crackle in bolt to be detected is positioned in the following manner.The microprocessor 20 is in determining the bolt to be detected
There are when crackle, the positioning of crackle can also be realized according to spread speed of the ultrasonic wave in bolt to be detected and propagation time,
Wherein, the propagation time can by extract crackle wave wave crest sampling point position form calculus obtain, correspondingly, can according to
The position of crackle is calculated in lower formula:
S=v × t/2
Wherein, s is distance of the crackle position away from test surface, and v is spread speed of the ultrasonic wave in bolt to be detected,
T is the time that the ultrasonic wave receives that circuit 112 receives crackle wave.
Please refer to Fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, microprocessor 20 can be ARM (Advanced RISC
Machines), microprocessor can also connect power circuit 21, clock module 22, display 23 such as touching display screen, storage
Such as SD card of device 24 (Secure Digital Memory Card/SD card), alarm such as buzzer.It is alarmed by connection
Device and display 23, microprocessor 20 can be in determining bolt there are controlling alarm equipment alarm when crackle, and in display 23
The information such as upper display testing result such as crackle situation, detection waveform, so that the intelligent measurement to crack in bolt is realized, without detection
Personnel's artificial observation, analysis, to greatly improve crack in bolt detection efficiency and convenience.By the setting of memory 24, make
Microprocessor 20 can carry out data and be stored for the analysis of subsequent data using.Pass through the setting of clock module 22, scene
Programmable gate array 10 may be implemented with 20 synchronous communication of microprocessor, and provide clock for A/D conversion circuit 1124.
In order to realize the portability of bolt detection system, the power supply in system can select rechargeable lithium battery, to meet
Continuation of the journey work requirements for a long time.
By above-mentioned design, bolt detection system can be integrated into portable device, for example, each device blocks in system
It can integrate in printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board, PCB), and be packaged using the shell of 3D printing,
To form portable detection equipment.
In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation process of the embodiment of the present disclosure, now it is illustrated with following scenes.
Bolt detection system includes high-voltage pulse transmit circuit 1112, ultrasonic probe 11, signal conditioning circuit, high speed A/
D conversion circuit 1124, field programmable gate array 10 (FPGA), microprocessor 20 (ARM), touching display screen, SD card circuit, bee
Ring device etc., and FPGA is integrated with FIFO memory 24.
FPGA and ARM synchronous communication, FPGA, will be through mainly for generation of the control signal of high-voltage pulse transmit circuit 1112
It is converted later data deposit FIFO memory 24 by the progress of high-speed a/d conversion circuit 1124 A/D and is carried out data with ARM and led to
Letter, and clock is provided for high-speed a/d conversion circuit 1124.
ARM be based primarily upon ucOS-II operating system realize ultrasonic signal acquisition and processing, driving touching display screen,
SD card circuit and buzzer etc. realize human-computer interaction, and ARM includes being carried out according to Wavelet Algorithm to the processing of ultrasonic signal
Denoising, and Identification of Cracks and positioning are realized according to crack in bolt identification and location algorithm.
The monocrystalline longitudinal wave oblique probe that 11 selected frequency of ultrasonic probe is 10M, wafer size is 8mm, to improve detection essence
Degree.
High-voltage pulse transmit circuit 1112 using by IRFPG30 field-effect tube, 100K high-power resistance, 51 Ohmic resistances,
The high voltage narrow pulse transmit circuit that 100pF capacitor and the efficient fast recovery rectifier diode of MUR160 are constituted, high input voltage is by high pressure
Power supply provides.Selected high voltage power supply is the high-voltage power module of U.S. Ultravolt company production.So as to realize arteries and veins
Rushing amplitude is 300v, and pulsewidth is that the high-pressure sharp pulse of 50ns carries out the excitation of ultrasonic transducer 1111 in ultrasonic probe 11.
Signal conditioning circuit includes preposition amplitude limiter circuit, pre-amplification circuit, bandwidth-limited circuit 1122 and controllable gain
Amplifying circuit 1123.Amplitude limiter circuit is made of 4 1N4148 fast switching diodes, the peak value of voltage can be clamped down on ±
1.4V, the effective protection safety and stability of subsequent conditioning circuit.The fortune that pre-amplification circuit uses AD8099 integrated transporting discharging chip to constitute
Calculate amplifying circuit.The second order Sallen-Key structure band logical filter that bandwidth-limited circuit 1122 is constituted using MAX4106 integrated transporting discharging
Centre frequency is set as 10MHz, bandwidth is set as 1MHz by calculating the resistance and capacitance parameter of peripheral circuit by wave device.It can
The operational amplification circuit that gain amplifying circuit 1123 is constituted using AD603 chip is controlled, by the current potential for adjusting input AD603 chip
It is worth the amplification factor of adjustable controllable gain amplifying circuit 1123, so that the ultrasonic signal for different size grade carries out
The amplification of different stage.
A/D conversion circuit 1124 is mainly made of high-speed a/d conversion chip, can for converting FPGA for analog signal
The digital signal of identification and processing, A/D conversion chip select AD9433 chip.Compared to other A/D conversion chips, AD9433 core
Piece has outstanding dynamic property, and uses differential signal input structure, input common-mode noise can be substantially reduced, thus really
Protect detection reliability.
FPGA is the control core of hardware circuit, EP4CE15E22C8 chip is selected, for controlling ultrasonic wave tranmitting frequency
And receive ultrasonic signal and cached, it is read to ARM.The function that FPGA is mainly realized is divided into three parts: transmitting arteries and veins
Punching control signal reads A/D input signal and the building buffer zone FIFO temporal data.Wherein, FIFO memory uses
It is twoport fifo structure, the storage port of FIFO memory is controlled by FPGA, and read port is controlled by ARM.
ARM select STM32F407ZE model ARM chip, be mainly responsible for the processing of data, the display of result and waveform and
The functions such as alarm storage.ARM is communicated by FIFO memory with FPGA, and the ultrasonic signal data of FPGA storage are extracted, and is passed through
Signal processing algorithm filters out the noise in ultrasonic signal, obtains raw ultrasound signals, is shown on touching display screen.
ARM choose wavelet threshold denoising algorithm as signal processing algorithm, step be divided into wavelet decomposition, threshold denoising and
Three parts of wavelet reconstruction.
During threshold denoisings, threshold calculations are carried out using fixed threshold calculation method, median is replaced with average value,
To save the computing resource of ARM, operating rate is improved.
Wavelet reconstruction is carried out according to wavelet coefficient after processing, the ultrasonic signal after being denoised.
ARM, which calculates crack-sensitivity region in the ultrasonic wave after removing noise, whether there is crackle echo, if there is crackle echo,
Judge the position of crackle and depth information in bolt, provides man-machine interactive interface by the touch function of touching display screen, so that
Operator can configure the parameter of system in operation and carry out other operations.It finally, will be collected each time
Ultrasonic signal and judging result are stored onto SD card.
Relatively high by the later ultrasonic signal noise of Wavelet Denoising Method, noise is largely filtered out, because
And the accuracy for carrying out crack in bolt identification is higher.Ultrasonic wave waveform generally comprise transmitted wave, crackle wave, crackle multiecho,
Bottom wave and bottom surface multiecho.If carrying out artificial judgment, setting one by way of gate threshold value by ultrasound examination personnel
A crackle region that may be present, sets a threshold value, when the waveforms amplitude in region is more than that threshold value just thinks there are crackle,
In the case where artificial judgment, the method is not very reliable.The reason is that the regional scope of setting may not include real crackle wave
The region of generation, due to the presence of multiecho, the judgement limited reliability of threshold value.By many experiments, the embodiment of the present disclosure
The mode of middle selection ultrasonic energy is judged.As shown in following formula:
Wherein, E is the total energy value calculated, and t1 is the finish time of ultrasonic signal transmitted wave, and t2 is the ultrasound of transmitting
At the beginning of wave signal generates bottom wave through bolt to be detected, | A | for the absolute value of the magnitudes of acoustic waves under the start time.It is logical
The detection mode in the embodiment of the present disclosure is crossed, detection zone can cover entire bolt, and by calculating gross energy, eliminate
The interference of multiecho can preferably carry out the identification of crack in bolt, increase reliability.
Pass through the prefabricated ultrasonic signal transmitted wave different crack depths of wire cutting and same crack depth different location
Multiple bolts carries out the calculating of gross energy to the bolt of different crack depths and is largely tested, and after calibration, chooses
Corresponding threshold value carries out the identification of crack in bolt, if gross energy E is more than the threshold value, i.e., there are crackles for representative, and refine calibration
After, it will be able to judge the accurate size of crack in bolt.Wherein, refinement calibration refers to: deep for having same position difference crackle
Each bolt in multiple bolts of degree and same crack depth different location repeatedly calculates the corresponding ultrasonic wave letter of the bolt
Number gross energy, can numerical quantity so that calibration is corresponding with different crack depths and position.In turn by bolt to be detected
Corresponding gross energy is compared with the content demarcated in advance, and you can get it, and bolt to be detected whether there is crackle and crackle
Depth and position.
The embodiment of the present disclosure is using the flaw detection principle based on pulse reflection method, thus it is known that crack position
Determining rely primarily on splits the time that ripple signal returns, the speed propagated in bolt to be detected with ultrasonic wave, and formula is as follows:
S=v × t/2
Wherein, s is distance of the crack position away from test surface, and v is spread speed of the ultrasonic wave in bolt to be detected.In spiral shell
Bolt material is steel, and it is the biography that can obtain ultrasonic wave in bolt of tabling look-up in the case that ultrasonic longitudinal wave is popped one's head in that bolt detection system, which is selected,
Broadcasting speed v is 5920 meter per seconds.T is the time that crackle wave returns to ultrasonic longitudinal wave probe, since ultrasonic wave is from the row for injecting to return
Journey is equal, therefore defaults that its propagation time is also equal, then the propagation time of the position of crackle wave is the half of t.Thus
Only need the stool and urine of acquisition time t that can calculate the position s of crackle.If the clock that A/D chip is given is 50M, bolt inspection
The sample frequency of examining system is 50MSps, i.e. the time interval that a sampled point represents is 20ns.Then, approximate to choose crackle wave
Sampled point serial number at maximum amplitude is calculated as the reference information of crackle wave time of return.If crackle wave crest location
Sampled point serial number 1000, then the position that can be calculated crackle wave is distance measurement face 59.2mm.
Touching display screen provides human-computer interaction interface, and above-mentioned bolt testing process can be grasped on touching display screen by user
It triggers, after FPGA receives trigger command, control high-voltage pulse transmit circuit 1112 generates a secondary control pulse, realizes to spiral shell
The detection of bolt controls buzzer warning and in the depth of touching display screen display crackle and specific position if there are crackles for bolt
It sets, and will test result and stored.
Bolt detection device and system in the embodiment of the present disclosure, use ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic exciting circuit, ultrasound
Wave receives circuit and field programmable gate array etc. and constitutes bolt detection device, the bolt detection device is based on, to spiral shell to be detected
Bolt emits ultrasonic signal, and receives and store the telecommunications obtained by injecting the ultrasonic signal that bolt back reflection to be detected returns
Number, when ultrasonic wave is propagated in bolt to be detected, due to the change of the acoustic characteristic or its internal structure of bolt material to be detected
Change, the propagation of ultrasonic wave is caused to generate certain influence, thus the electric signal that the ultrasonic signal by being reflected back obtains can be anti-
Answer whether bolt to be detected cracks, bolt detection device is by believing by injecting the ultrasonic wave that bolt back reflection to be detected returns
The storage of number obtained electric signal provides more possibility for bolt detection, for example, being based on above-mentioned hardware structure, carries out simple
Function Extension, microprocessor can analyze out bolt with the presence or absence of crackle based on the electric signal of storage.
The foregoing is merely the alternative embodiments of the disclosure, are not limited to the disclosure, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the disclosure can have various modifications and variations.It is all within the spirit and principle of the disclosure, it is made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the protection scope of the disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of bolt detection device characterized by comprising ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic exciting circuit, ultrasonic wave receive electricity
Road and field programmable gate array；
The ultrasonic exciting circuit and ultrasonic wave receive circuit and are electrically connected with the field programmable gate array；
The ultrasonic exciting circuit is used to emit under the control of the field programmable gate array to the ultrasonic probe
Ultrasonic excitation signals, so that the ultrasonic probe emits ultrasonic signal to bolt to be detected；
The ultrasonic probe is used to emit ultrasonic signal to bolt to be detected under the excitation of the ultrasonic excitation signals,
And it receives and injects the ultrasonic signal that the bolt back reflection to be detected returns, and the ultrasonic signal received is converted into electricity
It is sent to the ultrasonic wave after signal and receives circuit；
The ultrasonic wave receives circuit for will be sent to the field programmable gate array after the Electric signal processing received；
The field programmable gate array emits ultrasonic wave to the ultrasonic probe for controlling the ultrasonic exciting circuit
Pumping signal, and receive the ultrasonic wave and receive the ultrasonic signal of circuit transmission and stored.
2. bolt detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ultrasonic exciting circuit includes high-tension pulse
Transmit circuit is rushed, the ultrasonic probe includes ultrasonic transducer, and the high-voltage pulse transmit circuit can be compiled with the scene
The electrical connection of journey gate array, the high-voltage pulse transmit circuit is for motivating the ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasonic wave.
3. bolt detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it includes signal tune that the ultrasonic wave, which receives circuit,
Reason circuit and A/D conversion circuit, the output end of the signal conditioning circuit are connect with the A/D conversion circuit, the A/D conversion
Circuit is electrically connected with the field programmable gate array；
The signal conditioning circuit is used to be transmitted to the A/ after carrying out clipping, amplification and filtering processing to the electric signal received
D conversion circuit, the A/D conversion circuit are stored to the scene and can be compiled after the analog signal received is converted to digital signal
Journey gate array.
4. bolt detection device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the signal conditioning circuit includes limited range enlargement
Circuit, bandwidth-limited circuit and controllable gain amplifying circuit, the bandwidth-limited circuit be connected to the amplitude limiting amplifier circuit and
Between controllable gain amplifying circuit, the output end of the controllable gain amplifying circuit is connect with the A/D conversion circuit；
The amplitude limiting amplifier circuit is transmitted to the band logical filter after being used to carry out the electric signal received clipping and enhanced processing
Wave circuit, the bandwidth-limited circuit are used to after carrying out bandpass filtering to the ultrasonic signal after clipping and enhanced processing be transmitted to
The controllable gain amplifying circuit, the controllable gain amplifying circuit is for amplifying the ultrasound information after bandpass filtering
The A/D conversion circuit is transmitted to after processing.
5. bolt detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ultrasonic probe is monocrystalline angle probe.
6. bolt detection device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the high-voltage pulse transmit circuit narrows for height
Impulse ejection circuit.
7. described in any item bolt detection devices according to claim 1~6, which is characterized in that the bolt detection device is also
Including level shifting circuit, the level shifting circuit is connected to the field programmable gate array and ultrasonic exciting electricity
Between road, for adjusting the harmony of the field programmable gate array Yu the ultrasonic exciting circuit input/output logic.
8. bolt detection device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the bolt detection device further include respectively with
Power module, clock-reset circuit, universaling I/O port and the emulation interface of the field programmable gate array electrical connection.
9. a kind of bolt detection system, which is characterized in that including microprocessor and bolt according to any one of claims 1 to 8
Detection device, the microprocessor are electrically connected with the field programmable gate array, and the microprocessor is described existing for obtaining
The ultrasonic signal of field programmable gate array storage is simultaneously handled.
10. bolt detection system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the microprocessor is connected with display, deposits
Reservoir, clock module and power circuit；
Each device blocks in the bolt detection system are integrated in printed circuit board, and are sealed using the shell of 3D printing
Dress, to form Portable screw bolt detection device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820343028.9U CN208239363U (en) | 2018-03-13 | 2018-03-13 | Bolt detection device and system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820343028.9U CN208239363U (en) | 2018-03-13 | 2018-03-13 | Bolt detection device and system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113030256A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-25 | 陕西科技大学 | Multipurpose detection method based on ultrasonic backscattering |
| US20220365033A1 (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2022-11-17 | Transportation Technology Center, Inc. | System for ultrasonic inspection of railroad spikes |
-
2018
- 2018-03-13 CN CN201820343028.9U patent/CN208239363U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113030256A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-25 | 陕西科技大学 | Multipurpose detection method based on ultrasonic backscattering |
| US20220365033A1 (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2022-11-17 | Transportation Technology Center, Inc. | System for ultrasonic inspection of railroad spikes |
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