CN208195680U - A kind of main shaft seal mechanism of numerically controlled lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of main shaft seal mechanisms of numerically controlled lathe, and including main shaft and the fore bearing being located on main shaft, step is equipped on main shaft；The first fore bearing end cap and the second fore bearing end cap are equipped on main shaft, first fore bearing end cap covers on the main shaft between fore bearing inner ring and step, second fore bearing end cap covers on the first fore bearing end cap, and the rear end overhead of the second fore bearing end cap is on the outer ring of fore bearing.The structure of the utility model, good seal performance reduce oil leakage phenomenon.

Description

A kind of main shaft seal mechanism of numerically controlled lathe

Technical field

The utility model relates to lathes.

Background technique

Numerically controlled lathe is to use relatively broad one of numerically-controlled machine tool at present.It is mainly used for axial workpiece or disk-like accessory Inside and outside cylindrical surface, any cone angle inside and outside circular conical surface, it is complicated turn round in the machinings such as positive camber and cylinder, tapered tread, And can be carried out grooving, drilling, reaming, fraising and bore hole etc..

Numerically-controlled machine tool is automatically processed to part to be processed according to the processing program woven in advance.We Machining process route, technological parameter, the motion profile of cutter, displacement, cutting parameter and the miscellaneous function of part, according to number Instruction code as defined in control lathe and program format are written as processing program list, then the content record in this program list is being controlled It on medium, is then input in the numerical control device of numerically-controlled machine tool, to command machine tooling part.

Existing numerically controlled lathe includes pedestal, lathe bed, guide rail, big palette, small supporting plate, Z axis driving device, X-axis driving dress It sets, electric driving tool post, spindle drive and spindle box；Lathe bed is mounted on the base, and guide rail is mounted on lathe bed, big palette sliding Be located on guide rail, the sliding of small supporting plate is located on big palette, and Z axis driving device is mounted between lathe bed and big palette, and X-axis is driven Dynamic device is mounted between big palette and small supporting plate, and electric driving tool post is mounted on small supporting plate, and spindle drive is mounted on pedestal Between spindle box, spindle box is mounted on lathe bed.Spindle box includes cabinet, main shaft and chuck, and cabinet is mounted on lathe bed, main Axis is mounted in cabinet by bearing, and spindle drive driving spindle rotation, chuck is mounted on the front end of main shaft, general card Disk uses scroll chuck, when mounting and dismounting workpiece, needs using the claw movement on dedicated tool drives scroll chuck, It is every to carry out a wire rod conveying processing so for the wire rod from main shaft box back feeding, it requires to shut down and unclamps three-jaw Chuck can just be fed forward wire rod, then clamp workpiece and processed, therefore waste largely in installation and clamping workpiece Time, the low efficiency of processing.In addition, in process, main shaft needs to rotate, existing bearing is all made of a bearing (ball) cover It is sealed, in this way, poor sealing performance, the phenomenon that being easy to appear oil leak.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of main shaft seal mechanisms of numerically controlled lathe, utilize the knot of the utility model Structure, the phenomenon that reducing oil leak.

In order to achieve the above objectives, the main shaft seal mechanism of a kind of numerically controlled lathe, including main shaft and the front axle being located on main shaft It holds, step is equipped on main shaft；

The first fore bearing end cap and the second fore bearing end cap are equipped on main shaft, the first fore bearing end cap, which covers, is being located at front axle It holds on the main shaft between inner ring and step, the second fore bearing end cap covers on the first fore bearing end cap, the second fore bearing end cap Rear end overhead is on the outer ring of fore bearing；First fore bearing end cap includes lantern ring, supports from what the front end of lantern ring radially extended The support ring that baffle and the outer diameter for keeping out plate certainly extend back, forms first annular slot between lantern ring and support ring；Described The inner wall kept out ring, keep out ring certainly that two fore bearing end caps include connection ring, extend back from the inside of connection ring is into main shaft The interior connection ring and the sealing ring that extends forward from the front end of interior connection ring that the heart extends, be provided on the inner wall of sealing ring one with On seal groove, between connection ring and sealing ring have the second annular groove, keep out ring rear end protrude in connection ring rear end face； Interior connection ring and seal ring set have gap between interior connection ring and lantern ring, are equipped in seal groove and connect with lantern ring on lantern ring The sealing ring of touching, support ring are extend into the second annular groove, and sealing ring is extend into first annular slot, connection ring and support ring it Between have gap, have gap between support ring and sealing ring, have gap between support ring and interior connection ring；Ring set is covered in place in front axle It holds on the main shaft between inner ring and step, connection ring is connected on main spindle box body, is kept out ring and is kept out on the outer ring of fore bearing.

Further, the gap between connection ring and support ring is less than the gap between support ring and sealing ring.

The structure carries out axially position to fore bearing inner ring by lantern ring, is carried out by keeping out ring to the outer ring of money bearing Axially position.Due to being provided with sealing ring in sealing ring, the lubricating oil in front and back bearings is not easy from the first front axle socket end It leaks out, is inserted into the second annular groove plus support ring, sealing ring is inserted into the first ring between lid and second bearing end cap In shape slot, in this way, even if there is fraction oil leak from sealing ring, due between sealing ring, interior connection ring, support ring and connection ring The conduit of U-shaped is formd, therefore, lubricating oil is also not easy to leak out, so that sealing effect is good, and can guarantee the first fore bearing End cap is small relative to the spin friction of second bearing end cap, reduces the loss of mechanical energy.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the perspective view of line rail numerically controlled lathe.

Fig. 2 is the perspective view at another visual angle of line rail numerically controlled lathe.

Fig. 3 is the exploded view of line rail numerically controlled lathe.

Fig. 4 is the top view of line rail numerically controlled lathe.

Fig. 5 is A-A cross-sectional view in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is the exploded view of Z axis driving device.

Fig. 7 is the exploded view of X-axis driving device, big palette and small supporting plate.

Fig. 8 is the perspective view of spindle box.

Fig. 9 is the exploded view of spindle box.

Figure 10 is the exploded view at another visual angle of spindle box.

Figure 11 is the top view of spindle box.

Figure 12 is B-B cross-sectional view in Figure 11.

Figure 13 is the enlarged drawing of C in Figure 12.

Figure 14 is the perspective view of the first fore bearing end cap.

Figure 15 is the perspective view of the second fore bearing end cap.

Figure 16 is the perspective view at second another visual angle of fore bearing end cap.

Specific embodiment

The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, line rail numerically controlled lathe includes pedestal 1, lathe bed 2, guide rail 3, big palette 4, small supporting plate 5, Z axis Driving device 6, X-axis driving device 7, electric driving tool post 8, spindle drive 9 and spindle box 10.

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5, pedestal 1 is equipped with and falls reject chute 11, has in pedestal and the cavity that falls reject chute and communicate 12, the guide plate 13 extended to cavity 12, the guiding positioned at left side are respectively equipped with positioned at the two sides for falling reject chute 11 on pedestal 1 Plate 13 is obliquely installed, and to from waste material that reject chute 11 is fallen is fallen or iron filings play oblique guiding role, waste material or iron filings is allowed to fall into Into cavity 12, filter plate 14 is equipped with positioned at the bottom of cavity 12 on pedestal 1.

Lathe bed 2 is mounted on pedestal 1.The through slot 21 for being equipped on lathe bed 2 and falling reject chute 11 and communicating.It is set on lathe bed 2 There are two to be parallel to each other and keeps out plate 22 along what Z axis extended.

Guide rail 3 is mounted on the outside for keeping out plate 22, and the guide rail clip 30 of compacting guide rail 2 is equipped on lathe bed 2.

Big palette 4 is set on guides 3 by what big palette sliding block 41 slided.

Guide pad 42 is installed on big palette 4, guide pad 42 is equipped with guide groove 421, guide groove 421 along X-axis Direction extends.X-direction guide rail 51 is installed in the bottom of small supporting plate 5, what X-direction guide rail 51 slided is located at guide groove 421 It is interior.

It is equipped with right telescopic cover 43 between the right side and lathe bed 2 of big palette 4, is set between the left side and lathe bed 2 of big palette 4 There is left telescopic cover 44, left and right telescopic cover plays the role of protecting Z axis driving device.

As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6, Z axis driving device includes Z axis servo motor seat 61, Z axis servo motor 62, Z axis silk Bar 63, Z axis nut 64, Z axis bearing block 65, Z axis end cap 66, Z axis bearing (ball) cover 67, first bearing 68 and second bearing 69.Z axis Servo motor seat 61 is mounted on lathe bed 2, and Z axis servo motor 62 is mounted in Z axis servo motor seat 61, and Z axis screw rod 63 passes through First bearing 68 and second bearing 69 are installed, and first bearing 68 is mounted in Z axis servo motor seat 61, Z axis servo motor 62 Output shaft is connect with Z axis screw rod 63, and Z axis nut 64 is engaged on Z axis screw rod 63, and Z axis bearing block 65 is mounted on lathe bed 2, the Two bearings 69 are mounted in Z axis bearing block 65, Z axis end cap 66 are equipped with far from one end of Z axis screw rod in Z axis bearing block, in Z axis The Z axis bearing (ball) cover 67 being installed on Z axis bearing block 65 is cased on screw rod 63.Big palette thread bush is fixed on big palette, Big palette thread bush is connected on Z axis nut 64.If Z axis servo motor 62 works, Z axis servo motor 62 drives Z axis screw rod 63 Rotation, the rotation of Z axis screw rod drives Z axis nut linear motion, so that big palette be driven to move along a straight line on guide rail.

As shown in Fig. 3,4 and Fig. 7, X-axis driving device includes X-axis servo motor seat 71, X-axis servo motor 72, X-axis screw rod 73 and X-axis nut 74.X-axis servo motor seat 71 is mounted on big palette 4, and X-axis servo motor 72 is mounted on X-axis servo motor seat On 71, X-axis screw rod 73 is mounted on big palette 4 by bearing.Small supporting plate thread bush 52, small supporting plate spiral shell are fixed on small supporting plate Line set is connected on X-axis nut 74.If X-axis servo motor 72 works, X-axis servo motor 72 drives X-axis screw rod 73 to rotate, X-axis Screw rod rotation drives X-axis nut linear motion, moves along a straight line on guide groove 421 to drive.

Electric driving tool post 8 is mounted on small supporting plate 5, and cutter 80 is equipped on electric driving tool post 8.

As shown in Fig. 8 to Figure 12, the spindle box 10 includes main spindle box body 101, spindle assemblies 102 and raw material clamping dress Set 103.

Main spindle box body 101 is mounted on lathe bed 2, and main spindle box body 101 has the through-hole 1011 of Z-direction.

Spindle assemblies 102 include main shaft 1021, fore bearing 1022, rear bearing 1023, main shaft seal mechanism 1024, rear bearing Retaining ring 1025, axle sleeve 1026 and chuck flange 1027.

Main shaft 1021 is hollow shaft, and it is preceding big inside the front end of main shaft 1021 that the outer front end of main shaft, which has step 10211, Small taper hole 10212 afterwards；Fore bearing 1022 and rear bearing 1023, in the present embodiment, fore bearing are installed on main shaft 1021 There are three 1022 settings, and there are two rear bearing settings, and fore bearing 1022 and rear bearing 1023 are mounted in through-hole 1011, antero posterior axis The outer ring and through-hole held are interference fit.

The main shaft seal mechanism 1024 includes the first fore bearing end cap 10241 and the second fore bearing end cap 10242.

As shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, the first fore bearing end cap 10241 include lantern ring 10a, from the front end of lantern ring 10a radially towards The support ring 10c that the outer diameter of outer extension kept out plate 10b and keep out plate 10b certainly extends back, lantern ring 10a protrude support ring backward 10c forms first annular slot 10d between lantern ring 10a and support ring 10c.

As shown in Figure 13, Figure 15 and Figure 16, the second fore bearing end cap 10242 includes connection ring 11a, from connection ring Interior connection ring 11c that the inner wall kept out ring 11b, keep out ring 11b certainly to extend back on the inside of 11a extends to main-shaft core and from The sealing ring 11d that the front end of interior connection ring extends forward is provided with more than one seal groove 11e on the inner wall of sealing ring, even Connecing has the second annular groove 11f between ring 11a and sealing ring 11d, the rear end of interior connection ring 11c is protruded in the rear end for keeping out ring 11b Face；Interior connection ring 11c and sealing ring 11d cover on lantern ring 10a, have gap between interior connection ring 11c and lantern ring 10a, in this way, set Ring 10a can reduce fretting wear when rotating relative to interior connection ring 11c, be equipped in seal groove 11e and contact with lantern ring 10a Sealing ring (not shown), support ring 10c are extend into the second annular groove 11f, and sealing ring 11d is extend into first annular slot 10d, There is gap between connection ring 11a and support ring 10c, there is gap, support ring 10c and interior company between support ring 10c and sealing ring 11d Connecing between ring 11c has gap；Gap between connection ring and support ring is less than the gap between support ring and sealing ring.

Lantern ring 10a covers on the main shaft 1021 between the fore bearing inner ring and step for being located at foremost, connection ring 11a connection On main spindle box body 101, keeps out ring 11b and keep out on the outer ring of fore bearing up front.

The structure carries out axially position to fore bearing inner ring by lantern ring, is carried out by keeping out ring to the outer ring of fore bearing Axially position.Due to being provided with sealing ring in sealing ring, the lubricating oil in front and back bearings is not easy from the first front axle socket end It leaks out, is inserted into the second annular groove plus support ring, sealing ring is inserted into the first ring between lid and second bearing end cap In shape slot, in this way, even if there is fraction oil leak from sealing ring, due between sealing ring, interior connection ring, support ring and connection ring The conduit of U-shaped is formd, therefore, lubricating oil is also not easy to leak out, so that sealing effect is good, and can guarantee the first fore bearing End cap is small relative to the spin friction of second bearing end cap, reduces the loss of mechanical energy.

As shown in Fig. 8 to Figure 12, rear bearing retaining ring 1025 is mounted on main shaft 1021, and rear bearing retaining ring 1025 includes rear axle Hold retaining ring ring 12a, be located at rear bearing retaining ring ring front end outward extend flange 12b and be located at rear bearing retaining ring ring front end face and Deep bulge loop (not shown), bulge loop are kept out on the outer ring of rearmost rear bearing；On the rear end inner wall of rear bearing Equipped with stepped hole 12c, sealing ring is installed in stepped hole 12c.

1026 sets of axle sleeve on the main shaft 1021 between rearmost fore bearing and the rear bearing inner ring of foremost.Card Reel flanges 1028 are connected on the front end of main shaft.

Raw material clamping device 9 includes raw material grasping drive unit 91, trombone slide 92 and collet 93.

Raw material grasping drive unit 91 includes driving mechanism 911, actuating sleeve 912, driving bearing 913, the big retainer ring of three-jaw 914, three-jaw retainer ring axle sleeve pillar 915, main shaft tail end fixture nut 916, driving claw 917 and trombone slide interstage sleeve 918.

Driving mechanism 911 includes the cylinder driving mechanism more than two of circumference uniform distribution, and cylinder driving mechanism includes cylinder Seat 9111, cylinder 9112 and drive block 9113, cylinder block 9111 are mounted on main spindle box body, and the cylinder body of cylinder 9112 is hinged on gas In cylinder seat 9111, one end of drive block 9113 is hinged on the piston rod of cylinder, and the other end of drive block 9113 is fixed on three-jaw On big retainer ring 914.

912 sets of actuating sleeve on main shaft 1021, the outer wall of actuating sleeve 912 is equipped with and keeps out flange 9121, in actuating sleeve 912 It is equipped with jump-ring slot 9122, drives 913 sets of bearing on actuating sleeve 912, the inner ring one side of driving bearing 913, which is kept out, is keeping out 9121 on flange, the circlip 919 for keeping out driving bearing inner race, circlip holding are equipped in the other side that actuating sleeve is located at driving bearing In jump-ring slot.Bearing is driven in this way, being easy for installation and removal.Have on the rear end outer wall of actuating sleeve from front end rear end gradually The drive surface 9123 extended to actuating sleeve center.

914 sets of the big retainer ring of three-jaw outside driving bearing 913, are equipped with three-jaw retainer ring axle sleeve on big 914 inner wall of retainer ring of three-jaw Pillar 9141, the inner end of three-jaw retainer ring axle sleeve pillar 9141 are equipped with card slot 9142, and 9142 holding of card slot is outer driving bearing 913 On circle.Main shaft tail end fixture nut 916 is mounted on the tail end of main shaft 1021, the circle on the outer wall of main shaft tail end fixture nut 916 It is evenly equipped with two or more hinged ears 9161 week；The middle part of driving claw 917 is hinged in hinged ear 9161, before driving claw 917 End can be acted on drive surface 9123, and the rear end of driving claw 917 can be acted on trombone slide interstage sleeve 918；The rear end of driving claw 9171 is arc Face, the front end 9172 of driving claw are circle.Cambered surface and ramp effect, active force is smooth, and round to act on drive surface, active force is suitable Freely, it is not easy to stuck phenomenon occur.Trombone slide interstage sleeve 918 is fixed on the rear end of trombone slide 92, and the front end face of trombone slide interstage sleeve 918 has The inclined-plane 9181 extended backwards from inside to outside.

Trombone slide 92 is extend into main shaft from the rear end of main shaft, and the both ends of trombone slide are respectively equipped with external screw thread.

Collet 93 includes interconnecting piece 931, tapered portion 932 and clamping part 933, is equipped with internal screw thread, trombone slide inside interconnecting piece 931 External screw thread and interconnecting piece internal screw thread connection collet and trombone slide are connected.Tapered portion 932 is connected to the front end of interconnecting piece, Clamping part 933 is connected to the front end of tapered portion, and the outer surface of tapered portion has the conical surface cooperated with taper hole.From front end on collet The open slot 935 to middle part is extended above there are three setting to rear end, and there are holding holes 934 in clamping part.

The structure starts cylinder, and the piston rod of cylinder drives drive block movement, so that the big retainer ring movement of three-jaw is driven, and And cylinder driving mechanism more than two is used, it is uniform to the active force of the big retainer ring of three-jaw, it is not easy to actuating sleeve occur and axially transport Move stuck phenomenon.

If driving mechanism works, the driving mechanism driving big retainer ring of three-jaw moves backward, and the big retainer ring of three-jaw passes through three-jaw card Circle shaft column drives driving bearing to move backward, and driving bearing drives actuating sleeve to move backward, actively the drive surface and drive of set The front end of pawl acts on, and the front end of driving claw is allowed to swing out, so that the rear end of driving claw is driven inwardly to swing, the work on inclined-plane Under, trombone slide interstage sleeve moves backward, and trombone slide interstage sleeve drives trombone slide to move backward, so that collet be driven to move backward, realizes to line The clamping of material raw material resets in collet if driving mechanism is resetted and unclamps wire feedstock.In this configuration, driving mechanism, three-jaw Big retainer ring and three-jaw retainer ring axle sleeve pillar do not rotate, actuating sleeve, driving bearing, main shaft tail end fixture nut, driving claw and trombone slide Interstage sleeve follows main shaft to rotate, and rotating part and non-rotating portion are by driving bearing transition, therefore, is not needing the case where shutting down Under can start and stop driving mechanism, realize and wire feedstock clamped and unclamped under non-shutdown status.In addition, above-mentioned knot The raw material grasping drive unit driving of structure is reliable, is not in clamp insecure situation to wire feedstock.

As shown in figure 3, spindle drive 9 includes spindle motor 91, driving pulley 92, driven pulley 93 and belt.It is main In the installation of spindle motor 91 on pedestal, in the installation of driving pulley 92 on the output shaft of spindle motor, in driven pulley installation on main shaft, Belt sleeve is between driving pulley and driven pulley.When active motor 91 works, active motor drives driving pulley rotation, main Movable belt pulley rotation drives driven pulley rotation by belt, so that main shaft be driven to rotate.

As shown in figure 9, being cased with vertical plate 14a on rear bearing end cap, encoder wheel 14b is installed on main shaft, in vertical plate Encoder 14c is installed on 14a, slave encoder device wheel 14d is connected on the encoder, in encoder wheel and slave encoder device wheel Between be cased with transmission belt.As the spindle turns, encoder wheel follows rotation, and rotating cycle is transmitted to driven volume by transmission belt Code device wheel, to be counted by encoder.

The line rail numerically controlled lathe of above structure, the process that wire feedstock is processed are as follows: by wire feedstock from trombone slide Rear end passes through and then passes through collet, and the front end of wire feedstock is allowed to stretch out collet；Then start raw material grasping drive unit, raw material folder Holding driving device drives trombone slide to move backward, and trombone slide drives collet to move backward, under the action of taper hole and the conical surface, the folder of collet Wire rod is clamped tightly to center movement, then starts spindle drive by piece, drives main shaft rotation by spindle drive, Main shaft drives collet, trombone slide rotation then to start X-axis driving device and Z axis driving device so that wire feedstock be driven to rotate, It allows and electric driving tool post is driven to move in X-direction and Z-direction, to drive the tool motion on electric driving tool post, realize to wire rod The processing of raw material.After processing is completed, raw material grasping drive unit resets, then releases the pulling force to trombone slide, and collet unclamps, and wire rod is former Material can continue to be fed forward, and then repeat the above process, process to the wire feedstock being fed forward, therefore, practical at this In novel, due to being provided with raw material grasping drive unit, trombone slide and collet, can be fed forward in non-stop-machine situation Wire feedstock reduces the time for shutting down installation and removal workpiece, improves processing efficiency.In addition, adopting in the present invention It is sealed with the first fore bearing end cap and the second fore bearing end cap, the effect of sealing is good.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of main shaft seal mechanism of numerically controlled lathe is equipped with platform including main shaft and the fore bearing being located on main shaft on main shaft Rank；It is characterized by:

The first fore bearing end cap and the second fore bearing end cap are equipped on main shaft, the first fore bearing end cap, which covers, to be located in fore bearing On main shaft between circle and step, the second fore bearing end cap covers on the first fore bearing end cap, the rear end of the second fore bearing end cap Overhead is on the outer ring of fore bearing；First fore bearing end cap includes lantern ring, from what the front end of lantern ring radially extended keeps out plate Certainly the support ring that the outer diameter of plate extends back is kept out, forms first annular slot between lantern ring and support ring；Before described second The inner wall kept out ring, keep out ring certainly that bearing (ball) cover includes connection ring, extends back from the inside of connection ring prolongs to main-shaft core The interior connection ring stretched and the sealing ring extended forward from the front end of interior connection ring, are provided with more than one on the inner wall of sealing ring Seal groove has the second annular groove between connection ring and sealing ring, the rear end face of interior connection ring is protruded in the rear end for keeping out ring；Interior company Ring and seal ring set are connect on lantern ring, there is gap between interior connection ring and lantern ring, is equipped in seal groove and is contacted with lantern ring Sealing ring, support ring are extend into the second annular groove, and sealing ring is extend into first annular slot, are had between connection ring and support ring There is gap in gap, has gap between support ring and interior connection ring between support ring and sealing ring；Ring set is covered in place in fore bearing On main shaft between circle and step, connection ring is connected on main spindle box body, is kept out ring and is kept out on the outer ring of fore bearing.

2. the main shaft seal mechanism of numerically controlled lathe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: between connection ring and support ring Gap be less than gap between support ring and sealing ring.