CN208158613U - Photovoltaic module monitoring system based on LORA wireless telecommunications - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is mainly concerned with the photovoltaic module monitoring system based on LORA wireless telecommunications.The node being deployed in photovoltaic plant for acquiring target data and the gateway with node networking, the request for reading target data is wherein sent from gateway to node and the target data sent back to from node because responding the request, the server for the target data that storage gateway uploads and the terminal device interacted with server are received by gateway.Therefore implement the acquisition scheme of all kinds of target datas in photovoltaic power generation power station, cooperate the server and terminal device of readable data, to realize the transmitting-receiving management of target data to achieve the purpose that the photovoltaic module for monitoring photovoltaic plant based on the technology of LORA wireless telecommunications.

Description

Photovoltaic module monitoring system based on LORA wireless telecommunications

Technical field

The utility model is mainly concerned with technical field of photovoltaic power generation, exactly, is related in photovoltaic power generation power station The middle acquisition scheme for implementing all kinds of target datas, to realize the transmitting-receiving management of target data based on the technology of LORA wireless telecommunications To achieve the purpose that monitor the photovoltaic module of photovoltaic plant.

Background technique

The core component of photovoltaic plant is photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module of substantial amounts and not always as desired Operation but always with the presence of the various failures of members, typical such as members partial occlusion or towards inconsistent can cause The hot spot effect of component and when leading to component short-time overheating and needing shutdown in time, therefore implement in photovoltaic power generation power station all kinds of The real-time acquisition of target data is particularly important.The timely transmitting of data becomes extremely important, and current plant monitoring system is big Part is only to meet the lesser header box of data volume or photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter etc., cannot achieve the monitoring demand of component.Current light It is had the following problems in overhead utility technology：It is unable to get the synchronous operating parameter of each key equipment of photovoltaic plant, can only obtain The operating parameter of individual equipment, and be if attempting the height of assessment solar panel generating efficiency the characteristics of solar power generation Must just acquire the temperature of synchronization, solar energy global radiation, Current Voltage parameter, inverter provided by header box it is various Parameter etc. can compare the height of the solar panel generating efficiency of different types or issue in which kind of weather conditions Electrical efficiency be it is high, can just analyze the high and low inverter of efficiency and whether analysis MPPT suitable etc..It can not be to the photovoltaic The each participation link in power station carries out Intellectualized monitoring, has no way of learning if some intermediate link goes wrong, only equipment damage Or entire power station just can know that when stopping working, and seriously affect the efficiency in entire power station.Just because of can not the comprehensive and detailed palm Hold the operation data in entire power station, thus can not performance improvement to the photovoltaic module and promoted power station stability provide it is effective Technical data.Long-range control and long-range monitoring are realized to entire power station, it is essential that obtaining variety classes mutually in the same time Illumination, temperature, humidity, the current and voltage data of header box and data of inverter of electrification component etc. realize remote data Transmission and the storage of a large amount of data are also required.

The line between photovoltaic battery array and inverter in photovoltaic plant is various, line loss is big, makes in the industry Solar panel is many kinds of, component parameter aspect differs greatly, and for different designs scheme, can use different form Inverter so that in practical applications according to the difference of project, the arrangement mode of photovoltaic array is also diversified.Based on photovoltaic battle array The working characteristics of each group string differs greatly in column, is difficult single foundation component characteristic or arrangement mode and gives solar battery string Working condition delimit determine numberical range, brought to the real-time monitoring especially fault diagnosis of photovoltaic array huge Difficulty.Since battery pack string is actually the basic Component units of solar-energy photo-voltaic cell array, whether battery pack string itself The total power generation for working normally the safety and photovoltaic plant that will directly influence photovoltaic plant, therefore, in each battery pack string Real-time current is monitored and its fault diagnosis is just particularly important.In the prior art, common monitoring system is mainly realized Long-range monitoring to the electric quantity signal of solar photovoltaic power plant, specifically, by the different data of electric quantity signal in the same window It is shown, without being directly contrasted result.Also there is part monitoring system can be according to the current changing rate of battery pack string The working condition of the photovoltaic plant is monitored, but such monitoring system is when the external world interferes, for example solar-electricity When pond component is blocked by the cloud that object blocks or sails, monitoring result is caused mistake occur.

Photovoltaic plant usually build more remote geographical location and distribution extensively take up a large area, for photovoltaic plant Daily maintenance and monitoring, traditional manual inspection mode, which seems, expends effort and monitoring efficiency is low, maintenance difficulties are big.In recent years It is more and more about photovoltaic plant monitoring systematic research, but it is only limitted to entire photovoltaic module subarray or photovoltaic cell group The other monitoring of tandem, it is less for the monitoring scheme of photovoltaic power station component rank.System-level monitoring scheme can not be looked for accurately Be out of order photovoltaic module, can only monitor the size of the overall power generation amount of photovoltaic plant, but can not analyze the low specific original of electricity Because causing photovoltaic plant maintenance period longer, troubleshooting speed is slower, so using reasonable data acquisition plan for light The monitoring of volt component seems particularly necessary.Data cloud, which stores, can allow the safety with higher of all data and reduce logarithm According to the cost of management, can check anywhere or anytime, trace back data information.The completely O&M body with science is established by monitoring system It is and efficiently reduces the artificial of O&M.Standardized operation management process reinforces security monitoring, realizes economic benefit and social benefit Optimization.Reliable and stable data Risk Control System and sound failure handling device evade data leak and power station fortune Row risk.Monitoring system should cater to expectation of the distributed power station in terms of the appreciation of fixed assets, make full use of the cloud platform pipe of photovoltaic Science and engineering tool carries out data management to power station and provides financial service, perfect avail data model is established, by the hair of power equipment The data such as the financial income attribute in electrical efficiency and power station make full use of the end PC, mobile terminal to be monitored and calculate, and allow power station owner True generated energy and grid-connected income of the awareness and understanding to power station, this selects optimal photovoltaic module manufacturer and mating for power station Generation power device manufacturer be highly beneficial investigation object.

Utility model content

In the optional but nonessential embodiment of the application, a kind of photovoltaic plant digitalization surveillance & control system is disclosed And it mainly includes：The node being deployed in photovoltaic plant for acquiring target data and the gateway with node networking, It is sent back to from node because responding the request from gateway to the request of node transmission reading target data and by gateway reception Target data；The server for the target data that storage gateway uploads and the terminal device interacted with server.

The above-mentioned photovoltaic module monitoring system based on LORA wireless telecommunications, wherein：Terminal device include at least mobile phone and Computer equipment.Terminal device may include mobile terminal device.

The above-mentioned photovoltaic module monitoring system based on LORA wireless telecommunications, wherein：Multiple photovoltaic modulies are serially connected in Battery pack string and each photovoltaic module are each equipped with a shutdown module；Module is turned off to be used for photovoltaic in battery pack string Component switches to the state of being bypassed from series connection access state or is restored to series connection access state from the state of being bypassed.

The above-mentioned photovoltaic module monitoring system based on LORA wireless telecommunications, wherein：When any one light in battery pack string The state of being bypassed is switched to by corresponding shutdown module when volt component enters under scheduled abnormal working conditions；Or work as battery By corresponding shutdown module recovery to series connection when any one photovoltaic module relieves scheduled abnormal working conditions in group string Access state.Scheduled abnormal working conditions can be set in advance, for example：The target data of acquisition works as temperature if comprising temperature Degree is considered as component when being more than temperature limiting and enters scheduled abnormal working conditions, only when the actual temperature of acquisition is no more than Just think whether the scheduled abnormal working conditions of module cancels, monitoring temperature are also applied to photovoltaic module when temperature limiting Hot spot effect has occurred, if it is hot spot then usually along with the mid-winter of component.Also for example：If the target data of acquisition Then be considered as when voltage or electric current are more than voltage threshold or current threshold limits comprising voltage or electric current component enter it is predetermined Abnormal working conditions, only just think component when the virtual voltage of acquisition or electric current are no more than voltage/current threshold restriction Relieve scheduled abnormal working conditions.Also for example：The target data of acquisition is if comprising insulation against ground resistance value when over the ground Insulating resistance value is considered as component and enters scheduled abnormal working conditions when being lower than early warning value, only when the reality of acquisition over the ground Insulating resistance value just thinks the scheduled abnormal working conditions of module cancels when being not less than early warning value.It can be seen that for acquiring number of targets According to node be the what type of target data of acquisition, be not particularly limited.

The above-mentioned photovoltaic module monitoring system based on LORA wireless telecommunications, wherein：The shutdown assigned to terminal device By server and gateway passes to node, any one node triggers the pass of its pairing in the instruction for receiving shutdown for instruction Disconnected module executes the instruction of shutdown and corresponding photovoltaic module is switched to the state of being bypassed from series connection access state.

The above-mentioned photovoltaic module monitoring system based on LORA wireless telecommunications, wherein：The connection assigned to terminal device Instruction is by server and gateway passes to node：Any one node triggers the pass of its pairing in the instruction for receiving connection Disconnected module executes the instruction connected and corresponding photovoltaic module is restored to series connection access state from the state of being bypassed.

The above-mentioned photovoltaic module monitoring system based on LORA wireless telecommunications, wherein：Corresponding with any one gateway Data transmitting period and data transmission sequence are established between multiple nodes.

The above-mentioned photovoltaic module monitoring system based on LORA wireless telecommunications, wherein：Define gateway from first node successively The total duration for being polled to the last one node consumption at end is data transmitting period；Each node is sent in each data Target data is acquired with preset sample frequency in period；When each node receives the request of the reading data of gateway transmission The target data that it is acquired in data transmitting period is sent to gateway in the form of data packet.

The above-mentioned communication system for realizing radio node transmission data, wherein：Communication between each node and gateway Duration is defined as data transmitting period multiplied by the total quantity of all nodes.Here all nodes refer to some corresponding gateway into Row networking and there is those of network mapping relationship node.

The above-mentioned communication system for realizing radio node transmission data, wherein：The request institute of each node response gateway The data packet of transmission has the target data set with timestamp.

The above-mentioned communication system for realizing radio node transmission data, wherein：Target data is with timestamp label, time Stamp is used to characterize the different data of different time points.Timestamp be the time label, show the uniqueness of data information, be equivalent to Data with markers come marking to proving its uniqueness.Data packet has the target data set with timestamp, arbitrarily Real-time label symbol in the timestamp of the target data of some type includes real-time state and history state, real-time label symbol To show that some target data is historical data or current real time data, as long as identifying number when reading target data According to the real-time label symbol having be real-time state then it be exactly real time data, as long as identifying data when reading target data The real-time label symbol having is that history state means that it is exactly historical data.

Detailed description of the invention

To keep object and feature and advantage above more easy-to-understand, specific embodiment is done in conjunction with attached drawing hereinafter Detailed explaination, read it is described further below and referring to the following drawings after, the feature and advantage of the application will be evident.

Fig. 1 is the overall architecture that distributed or large-sized photovoltaic power station intelligent monitoring system is applied to monitoring.

Fig. 2 is that multistage photovoltaic cell provides the system architecture diagram of high voltage by way of series connection.

Fig. 3 is that a part of photovoltaic module of generation shadow occlusion is bypassed and prevents their induced malfunctions.

Fig. 4 is photovoltaic plant intelligent monitoring system from acquisition data to the substantially flow chart for uploading data.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with each embodiment, clear and complete elaboration, described implementation are carried out to the embodiment of the utility model Example is only the utility model with the embodiment used in illustrating is described herein and not all embodiment, based on the embodiments such as this, ability Scheme obtained belongs to the protection model of the utility model to the technical staff in domain without making creative work It encloses.

In field of photovoltaic power generation, photovoltaic module or photovoltaic cell are the core component parts to generate electricity, and solar panel exists The direction of mainstream technology is divided into single crystal silicon solar cell, polycrystalline silicon solar cell, non-crystal silicon solar cell etc., large-scale concentration The substantial amounts for the battery component that formula photovoltaic plant uses, the battery component that small-sized distributed residents small hydropower station uses Quantity is relatively fewer.Silion cell is generally up to more than 20 years service life in the service life that this field requires, to the length of solar panel Phase property and durability monitoring are essential.Inside and outside factor can all lead to the decrease of power generation of component, such as photovoltaic Manufacturing variation or installation difference or the factors such as shadow occlusion or maximum power tracing adaptation between component itself can all cause to imitate Rate is low.By taking typical shadow occlusion as an example, such as fruit part photovoltaic module is similar by cloud or building or the shadow of the trees or dirt After situation is blocked, this members will be become to load and no longer produce electricl energy by power supply, and hot spot effect is occurring for photovoltaic module Serious place local temperature may be higher, even more than 150 DEG C, regional area is caused to burn or formed blackening, solder joint thawing Even encapsulating material aging, permanent damages, the long-term safety and reliability to photovoltaic module such as burst, corrode and cause greatly The hidden danger on ground.Industry urgent problem to be solved is exactly：The working condition for observing each piece of photovoltaic battery panel in real time, to the mistake of battery The abnormal conditions such as temperature, over-voltage, overcurrent and output end short circuit carry out early warning.One of an object of the application is exactly to pass through rational deployment The running parameter data of the components such as photovoltaic module are transferred to data receiver by means of communication.

In field of photovoltaic power generation, it is related to the installation of component or battery, this needs absolute safety.If photovoltaic module is sent out Raw excess temperature or the similar abnormal conditions such as over-voltage or overcurrent, undoubtedly we need actively to go these abnormal photovoltaic groups of triggering shutdown The movement of part, when abnormal photovoltaic module exits abnormality and is restored to normal condition, we need to access these again Photovoltaic module, this also needs absolute safety.And some occasions need the generated energy of detection components or perhaps monitor defeated Power situation out, this is the foundation of determination component quality, if the lower power production of component clearly if be likely to be also occur Power generation anomalous event, is blocked by birds droppings, dust, building, the shadow of the trees, cloud etc., is needed us to remove cleaning battery or is changed peace Fill the measures such as orientation.Single crystal silicon solar cell, polycrystalline silicon solar cell, non-crystal silicon solar cell etc. are all to belong to characteristic to be easy The attenuation degree of the material to decay, monitor component is necessary, this is critically important for the quality for judging battery.Problem is： We are it is not apparent how it is normal component that screen those components in huge assembly array, which be abnormal component those components,.Very much When in erection stage will directly judge the bad battery or component of those quality, never allow asking there are quality flaw Topic battery is simultaneously assembled/is installed in photovoltaic battery array, is otherwise entered cell array containing defective in quality battery and is resulted in Entire array generator inefficiency, worse is that the abnormal voltage value of a certain piece or a few pieces problem battery or current value may Cause entire battery strings group to be all damaged together, causes biggish loss.An object of the application is also resided in through rational deployment The running state information data of equipment is transferred to data receiver by means of communication.

As the annual installed capacity of photovoltaic generating system is constantly promoted, photovoltaic plant especially photovoltaic power station because Seem larger for its whole occupied area, power electronic equipment distribution is more dispersed, therefore the monitoring and maintenance of photovoltaic plant Become extremely difficult, traditional manual inspection is time-consuming and laborious, and is not easy to find and exclude in time when failure occurs, and is not achieved The so-called real-time O&M of real time monitoring.So we there is an urgent need to the power station running status monitoring means of automation.Traditional electricity Monitoring system of standing has usually using wired MODBUS or using the wireless module of 433/471/915MHZ frequency range, for cable modem Letter system, needs to arrange the communications cable, is only suitable only for needing to monitor the scene of short distance only a few equipment.Traditional wireless monitor It is complicated, at high cost that system solves the problems, such as wired system line, but is only monitored to inverter, and the granularity of monitoring is inadequate Carefully, coverage area is usually smaller, is primarily due to electricity generation system from photovoltaic module voltage source to being related to during the entire process of grid-connected A large amount of power equipment has been arrived, the monitoring demand of power station owner is much unable to satisfy to the monitoring of part particular power equipment.And Electric line carrier communication is since the carrier of data dissemination is power line, dependent on the power channel of power line, so that traditional Monitoring system often seems unable to do what one wishes for extensive distributed power station, and defect is to need to construct more complicated height into Home Network Network, disadvantage are higher failure rates, and all there is deficiencies on ease of use and cost.An object of the application is to pass through conjunction The fault information data of equipment is transferred to data receiver by the means of communication of reason.

Referring to Fig. 1, it is assumed that the node DA-1 to DA-N and DB-1 to DB-N and others being deployed near photovoltaic plant The even more nodes not shown of node DC-1 to DC-N and mating second as photovoltaic module monitoring system of gateway GAW Points 102, server S ERV such as cloud server and mating first as photovoltaic module monitoring system of terminal device TERM Points 101, then it is considered that first part 101 is with respect to geographically belonging near field deployment and second part 102 then belongs to for owner In Distant Deployment, meaning can be with remote read-write data and manipulation component.

Referring to Fig. 1, it is assumed that numerous small-sized photovoltaic power stations is distributed on region or geographical location and is distributed with numerous Large-sized photovoltaic power station, the former can be referred to as residents or distributed power station again, and opposite the latter can then be referred to as centralization Photovoltaic plant, their differences in the usage amount of photovoltaic module are very huge.In advance with upper point on region or geographical location For scattered each photovoltaic plant divides region, each region include one or more photovoltaic plants and also each region also It is at least deployed with a gateway, each region is reasonably assigned small-sized photovoltaic power station and/or large-sized photovoltaic power station.In power station Close to central area or by power station subregion, the geographic center in each region disposes a gateway GAW.Start different zones with after The node building network of text, the gateway GAW of diagram or the gateway not illustrated upload target data simultaneously to server S ERV And server S ERV here can be cloud server.In order to realize these scheduled targets, the subsequent collection being related to of the application System is monitored at the photovoltaic module of communication function, all running parameters of photovoltaic cell can all be reflected with means of communication On node, fault alarm, fault fast positioning etc. can also be executed to battery for photovoltaic plant and suitable solution is provided, fitted Grid-connected or off-network type photovoltaic generating system for different scales.Using acquisition module by the voltage, electric current, function of photovoltaic module A series of assigned work parameters (target data) such as rate and temperature and generated energy are acquired.Pay attention to acquiring these running parameters Data acquisition module belongs to the prior art：Acquisition module can integrate temperature sampler, current collector or voltage collector, function Rate measuring instrument and meter etc., or even the context parameter that can also be integrated or environmental data collector is cooperated to carry out acquisition component, Therefore the equipment for carrying the various running parameters of photovoltaic module should belong in so-called acquisition module or data collector.It is any can Compatible the application of scheme of these parameters of battery is acquired, the application no longer individually individually illustrates existing data collector, The type of target data is also diversified.The insulation of the transmissions such as DC bus state of insulation detector and fault electric arc monitor Fault message or arc fault information, can also be considered as target data.The node being deployed in photovoltaic plant may include acquisition The data collector of target data simultaneously is used to acquire target data.

Referring to Fig. 1, we will not only monitor the parameter of battery itself in certain embodiments, it is also necessary to monitor battery place The geogen of position can also be additional because the environment on battery component periphery directly affects the working condition of battery It is used to acquire the surrounding enviroment data of photovoltaic module using environment detector again, environment detector is to temperature and humidity even various gases The environmental parameters such as ingredient can accurately measure, as another monitoring device, the environment monitor is transferred to LORA terminal section The parameter of point includes at least the environmental data that environment monitor is monitored.Environment monitor is also used as slave by a series of number LORA terminal is transmitted to according to by RS485 bus or wireless telecommunications etc..The environmental data of photovoltaic plant is to the work shape for controlling battery State is equally particularly significant, and environmental parameter reflects on mobile terminal or computer equipment it may determine that week locating for battery By ambient condition, the temperature departure predetermined value of battery itself may not be caused by the exception of battery itself, and may be environment High/low temperature changing factor sharply caused by, environmental parameter can also belong to target data.

Referring to Fig. 1, based on explaination basis above, server can support terminal device TERM to read data.First in hand The APP application that mating setting is downloaded on the mobile terminal or computer equipment of machine or PAD etc, can show power station in application end Local time, environmental aspect, the display of power curve can be carried out, support single battery plate and each battery pack string, every The power curve of a header box.Power curve support is shown by the interval of chronomere of hour, can show the entire of the same day Changed power.Each solar panel, each battery pack string, each header box generated energy are supported in the display that can carry out generated energy Display.The data such as generated energy can show that it is single that time interval can be hour even day or Month And Year etc. in a manner of line chart Position, such as：The generated energy on each hour 24 hours same day can be then shown using hour as interval and can then be shown using day as interval The daily generated energy for showing the previous moon on the same day, then shows the monthly generated energy of of that month the previous year for example if with year using the moon as interval To be spaced the every annual electricity generating capacity then shown from installation time to current year.Power curve when supporting to check solar panel in cell phone application, Voltage, electric current, temperature can be with one piece of current power appearance of solar panel, will be in current power when checking string group power curve There is the voltage and current of battery strings group in side, will occur bus beside current power when checking header box power curve Voltage and bus current support the state that a string of solar panels are shown in APP.But also solar panel electricity can be shown in APP Press through the warning note etc. of the excessively high function of low, excessively high, temperature.

The method that so-called photovoltaic plant is monitored is included the following steps referring to Fig. 1：It needs in conjunction with Fig. 1 on ground The each photovoltaic plant dispersed on domain divides region, delimits one or more photovoltaic plants in each region and in each region At least dispose a gateway GAW.Each region provides multiple node such as DA-1 to DA-N and DB-1 to DB-N and other sections Point DC-1 to DC-N.Any one node is used to access what the one or more power equipments configured in the region belonging to it carried Specified type data relevant to photovoltaic module namely target data, N is natural number here.More embodiments：Node is for example DA-1 to the DA-N or even node such as DC-1 to DC-N for being extrapolated to sequence, even more nodes.Usual photovoltaic plant uses For acquire target data node it is more more, the target data that node can capture is also more.For example：Some node DA-1 is used to access the specified target data relevant to photovoltaic module that the data collector configured in the region belonging to it carries, Target data at this time includes the temperature and voltage and the information such as electric current and power etc. of component；Some terminal D A-2 as a comparison The specified target data relevant to photovoltaic module carried for accessing the power optimization device configured in the region belonging to it, at this time Target data includes the input voltage and the information such as input current and output voltage and output electric current of the power optimization device of component；Make For comparison, some node DA-3 is used to access that the photovoltaic combiner box configured in the region belonging to it to carry and photovoltaic module phase The specified type data of pass, target data includes the information such as DC bus and the DC bus current of the offers such as header box at this time； Even some node DA-4 is used to access the inverter configured in the region belonging to it carries and photovoltaic module as a comparison Relevant specified type data, target data include the information such as the amounts of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems of offers such as inverter.Each component is ok A unique number is distributed, each other kinds of power equipment can also distribute unique number, therefore all data It is all well arranged and can be recalled.The data that herein refer to set the goal are not limited to certain types of data, what power equipment carried Any data relevant to photovoltaic module can be read by gateway.

Referring to Fig. 1, any one gateway GAW is equipped with wirelessly or non-wirelessly transceiver module, any one gateway need to read it All node datas of region.Any one gateway GAW reads the side of all data for being considered as node of its region Formula is that gateway GAW first sends the request for reading data using wireless sending module to arbitrary previous node, and transmission has been requested The preset duration that is delayed after finishing retransmits next request for reading data, and gateway GAW is utilized and wirelessly or non-wirelessly received and dispatched Module, which continues to send to any the latter node, reads request of data.Gateway GAW is synchronous to be come from by data reception module acquisition The response data of node, as long as the step of repeating reading and response here then can be so that net after repeatedly circulation Close the data that GAW reads all nodes of photovoltaic plant in region.

It has issued in wireless communication field SEMTECH company to industry more novel low based on 1GHz ultra long haul below The chip module of power consumption data transmission technology (Long Range abbreviation LORA), the signal receiving sensitivity of this technology reach Considerable -148dbm, the improvement of this signal highest reception compared with the relatively advanced SUB-GHz chip of industry are sensitive Degree improves 20db or more, it can be ensured that the reliability of wireless network connection.LORA technology is mainly based upon using linear frequency modulation Spread-spectrum modulation technique keeps modulating identical low power consumption characteristic as FSK (frequency shift keying) and significantly increases communication distance, together When improve network efficiency and eliminate crosstalk, namely：The terminal of different frequency expansion sequences is sent simultaneously using identical frequency Will not mutually crosstalk/interference, therefore the concentrator/gateway researched and developed on this basis can receive and process multiple nodes parallel Data greatly expand power system capacity.Linear spread spectrum has used many decades in military and space communication field, because it can be with Realize the robustness of farther away communication distance and interference, and LORA wireless telecommunications are the first inexpensive skills for commercial use Art.As LORA technology is in the extensive introducing of so-called Internet of Things, thorough change is had occurred in the situation of the embedded radio communications field, This compromise for revolutionizing in the past about transmission range and power consumption considers mode, provide simply be able to achieve remote transmission, Extend the communication system of battery life, low cost.

It includes the band limits such as 433MHZ or 868MHZ and 915MHZ that global free frequency range operation, which is unauthorized frequency range LORA,. LORA network is mainly made of four terminal, gateway or the base station of built-in LORA module, server and service cloud etc. parts, It can transmitted in both directions using data.The advantage of LORA is mainly reflected in several aspects：It is to improve the received sensitivity of signal first, Reduce the power consumption of communication.And the link budget of up to 157db makes its remote communication distance up to 15 kilometers, certainly away from It is related with use environment from also.Its reception electric current is only 10 milliamperes of ranks and sleep current is also only the rank of 200NA, greatly The service life of battery is extended greatly.Gateway based on the technology/concentrator supports the parallel processing of multichannel multiple data rates, Capacity of communication system is big.Ranging and positioning can be supported based on terminal and concentrator/gateway system.The measurement that LORA adjusts the distance It is the air transmission time signal-based, and positions the then measurement based on multiple spot to the air transmission time difference of a bit, positioning Precision is up to 5 meters.LORA network carries out pilot or deployment the world more at present.It is to have according to the data at the beginning of LORA alliance 9 countries start networking, and 56 countries start to carry out pilot, and the data of newest announcement, have there is 17 state the father-in-law so far It opens and announces that networking plan and more than 120 a cities have the LORA network being currently running, this is for pushing so-called Internet of Things very It is significant.

Referring to Fig. 1, photovoltaic plant digitalization surveillance & control system includes：It is arranged in photovoltaic plant for acquiring target data Node and gateway GAW with node networking, node be, for example, DA-1 to DA-N and DB-1 be even ordered into DB-N it is subsequent DC-1 to DC-N etc., the meaning of node are that it can play the role of data collector and be mainly used for acquiring target data. The request for reading data namely one by one poll are sent from gateway GAW to node, gateway is then captured from node to reading data Request respond and send/return to the target data of gateway.Server S ERV mainly converges and collects a gateway The target data that GAW or multiple gateways upload.The gateway GAW of communications protocol conversion between support heterogeneous network can be set in we, So that gateway GAW can execute the communication that may be present using different communications protocol from node and server S ERV.Each net There are respective information interchange mode namely communication protocol inside network, if when two networks need to communicate with each other each other It cannot identify the communication mode of other side, then can not just communicate with each other, protocol conversion is played and mutually translated for two networks Effect.Indeed, it is possible to pass through net between network and network a gateway is respectively set in different network types and realizes It closes and is connected, gateway plays protocol conversion.Gateway GAW is configured with the first processor for executing communication task and executes communication The second processor of protocol conversion.The first processor for executing communication task is the equal of a communications assistance processor, communication Assist process device completes the processing of bottom data communication.The second processor for executing communications protocol conversion is the equal of one general Processor, general processor complete data operation and protocol conversion.Use the framework of communications assistance processor and general processor The data managing capacity of entire electricity generation system can be improved in the case where not dramatically increasing system cost.Gateway GAW and node Between communication include at least using PLC power line carrier communication or using RS-485 communication, LORA wireless communication and CAN It is one or more in bus communication.The communication between gateway GAW and server S ERV is at least in an alternate embodiment of the invention Including using the communication based on RJ-45 interface or using the mobile communication of the 3G/4G provided based on mobile network supplier, very It can also extremely use one or more in the wireless communication based on Wi-Fi.In an alternate embodiment of the invention, gateway GAW is also mentioned Target data is directly read to realize from gateway for the interface based on USB communications protocol, USB communication interface can be implemented gateway Burning program, debugging and data export and its data download function can export the data of flood tide.Therefore the section of data is acquired Point can be used in power line carrier communication PLC mode, RS-485 communication, LORA wireless communication and CAN bus communication Target data is transferred to gateway GAW by one or more modes.It can also be connected in the data by gateway by Ethernet Pass to so-called server namely gateway GAW can be used communication based on RJ-45 interface, based on the mobile communication of 3G/4G with And target data is transferred to server using one or more modes in the wireless communication based on Wi-Fi.Terminal device Effect mainly allow owner can direct object observing data, terminal device can pass through the network access services such as internet Target data on device SERV.For example：Terminal includes that the data supervising platform being mounted with for showing target data can also be opened up The computer of the application program of registration evidence；Terminal includes the movement for being equipped with the APP for showing target data and applying；Terminal packet Include the mobile terminal for being equipped with the application of its wechat small routine for showing target data (Tencent)；For example terminal can also include logical It crosses WWW WEB etc. (typically having the browser using wide area network) access and shows computer or the mobile terminal of target data (mobile phone or PAD plate that have IOS or Android).Terminal device TERM is not limited to above-described electronic equipment, Ren Hexiang The electronic equipment of owner or user's displaying target data should all belong to the terminal scope that the application refers to.For example：Data prison Pipe platform/energy display data application program can be the subsidiary WORD/EXCEL etc. of Office MS Office Applications, may be used also To be Kingsoft software WPS Office of multiple platforms such as covering Windows, Linux, Android, IOS etc., therefore number is installed The terminal scope TERM that the application refers to is belonged to according to supervising platform/application program computer；It is other such as aobvious with screen Show, section is shown, read-only electrical form is shown, memory can query display or mouse click attribute and watch display, IE browsing The computer terminal that device is shown.

Referring to fig. 2, either distributed or centralized photovoltaic plant, it is necessary to which the matter of utmost importance of concern is：Shadow occlusion Cause the mismatch between numerous photovoltaic modulies.The problem of must also paying close attention to is：The battery output characteristics of photovoltaic module is embodied in defeated There is close to be associated with for the external factor such as voltage and output electric current and intensity of illumination and environment temperature out, environmental factor it is not true It is qualitative that peak power output and the corresponding voltage of maximum power point is caused to be followed by the variation of external factor and change.

Referring to fig. 2, photovoltaic module array is the basis that photovoltaic generating system is converted from luminous energy to electric energy.It is shown in Fig. 2 The battery pack string installed in photovoltaic module array, about battery pack string：Each battery pack string is connected in series with each other by multiple Photovoltaic module concatenation is constituted, and photovoltaic module can also be substituted for the DC power supplies such as fuel cell or chemical cell or even some fields Close the DC power supply that wind power equipment offer can also be provided.The effect in parallel of battery pack string is embodied in：Although each battery Group string is made of multiple photovoltaic modulies and internal multiple photovoltaic modulies are concatenated relationships, but multiple and different battery packs String is each other connection relationship in parallel and provides electric energy to inverter INVT jointly.The application is with the multi-stage light of tandem type For lying prostrate component PV1-PVN, their own output voltage V_O1-V_ONBy total tandem with high potential after being overlapped mutually Voltage is supplied to inverter INVT namely busbar voltage V_BUS, it is respective defeated that inverter INVT summarizes concatenated multistage photovoltaic module The inversion of direct current to alternating current is carried out after power out, N is greater than 1 natural number.The node and photovoltaic group being deployed in power station The relationship of part：The Various types of data of first order photovoltaic module PV1 is acquired and is sent out by first node DA-1 to gateway, and second All kinds of target datas that grade photovoltaic module PV2 is generated are acquired and are sent out by second node DA-2 to gateway, and so on, Until all kinds of target datas that we calculate that the photovoltaic module PVN to N grades is generated are acquired by N grades of the node DA-N Be sent to gateway.

Referring to fig. 2, every piece of photovoltaic cell or photovoltaic module are each equipped with the dress for executing monitoring and shutdown in this application Set namely referred to as turn off module：The electric energy that first order photovoltaic module PV1 is generated is decided whether by first shutdown module CH1 It is added in entire battery pack string, the electric energy that second level photovoltaic module PV2 is generated is decided whether by second shutdown module CH2 It is added in entire battery pack string, analogizes, until shutdown module of the electric energy of N grades of photovoltaic module PVN generation by N grades CHN is come in the entire battery pack string that decides whether to be added to.Monitoring and cutoff device/shutdown module main function are explained as follows example Such as：Unacceptable failure may occur for N grades of photovoltaic module PVN, then once N grades of shutdown module CHN is monitored This failure, shutdown module CHN selection remove N grades of photovoltaic module PVN from entire battery pack string；Conversely, once working as This failure vanishes then turn off module CHN should actively select that N grades of photovoltaic module PVN is concatenated or is linked into again again it is whole In a battery pack string, restore it as energy supply source.The type of failure is in already previously mentioned mistake：Serious shadow occlusion, The temperature of photovoltaic module continues too low, voltage and current abnormal parameters, insulation beyond output power caused by tolerance range, aging The hidden danger such as abnormal.Need to pay close attention to emphatically shadow occlusion, shadow occlusion will cause following mismatch problems：Multistage photovoltaic module PV1- The electric current that flows through is originally identical and consistent in the battery pack string that PVN is constituted, once in battery pack string some or it is a few There is shadow occlusion in a photovoltaic module, according to the output characteristics relevant to ambient lighting radiation intensity of battery, shadow occlusion The output electric current of component will reduce, the electric current namely tandem electric current/bus current for further resulting in battery pack string are led It makes and drags down, this point hereafter will continue to introduce.Thereby the monitoring function of the shutdown module of the application needs to be designed as very sensitive In the environment illumination intensity of component.

Referring to fig. 2, in an optional but nonessential embodiment, it is assumed that the inside of some battery pack string is serially connected with first Grade photovoltaic module PV1, second level photovoltaic module PV2, and so on, until N grades of photovoltaic module PVN.It can then learn individually Some battery pack string on total tandem voltage for being capable of providing be approximately equal to：The voltage that first order photovoltaic module PV1 is exported V_O1In addition the voltage V that the photovoltaic module PV2 of the second level is exported_O2, it is also necessary to along with the photovoltaic module PV3 institute of the third level is defeated Voltage V out_O3..., and so on, it is added to the voltage value V of N grades of photovoltaic module PVN output always_ON, total tandem electricity The calculating of pressure is equal to V_O1+V_O2+…V_ON.The tandem being superimposed on bus LA-LB by the voltage that multistage photovoltaic module exports Voltage is fed to similar to grid-connected again after the power equipments such as header box or inverter confluence and inversion.Monitoring and cutoff device/pass Disconnected module is equipped with microprocessing unit, for example turns off module CHN and is configured with processor, with the same function etc. with processor Such as with device：Logical device, control device, state machine, controller and chip, software-driven, gate array etc..Processor also has The peripheral hardware on periphery, target data type that the type of peripheral hardware is collected as needed are arranged.Conventional peripheral hardware hardware is at least wanted It can be by the voltage and current, power and temperature of photovoltaic module and a series of related specified target component information such as generated energy It is acquired.More detailed example：As light radiation intensity is adopted by optical sensor acquisition, voltage parameter by voltage sensor Collection, current parameters are acquired by current sensor, temperature parameter is acquired by the peripheral hardwares hardware such as temperature inductor.In this application The monitoring function for being mentioned to shutdown module needs to be designed as the very sensitive environment illumination intensity in component, because ambient lighting is strong It is exactly to cause the reduction of power that degree, which influences the indirect consequence of photovoltaic module, and the power of the component of shadow occlusion naturally also can be opposite It is reduced in maximum power point, therefore can judge whether intensity of illumination closes symbol specification according to actual power data.Furthermore The direct embodiment whether environment illumination intensity meets specification is the intensity of illumination data reflected by optical sensor, works as component The circumstance of occlusion of component can be learnt when being arranged one or more optical sensors on ontology quickly, therefore can be according to group Whether the intensity of illumination of part local environment at that time being detected meets specification directly to determine whether that shadow occlusion has occurred. The parameter type relevant with photovoltaic module that the type of peripheral hardware hardware more multiprocessor can obtain is also more, but cost can increase Add, this needs to trade off.Target component can also include peripheral ring locating for the photovoltaic module that is detected by environment monitor Border factor data because shadow occlusion under different other factors caused by power loss it is also different, environment temperature and humidity, Wind speed, intensity of illumination and air pressure etc., environment monitor are a seed types of peripheral hardware hardware.By taking temperature as an example, temperature is to so-called light Volt component output electric current influence less but short circuit current with temperature increase and be slightly increased, open-circuit voltage be affected by temperature compared with Greatly, open-circuit voltage approximately linearly declines with the raising of temperature, therefore temperature has obvious shadow to so-called output power of photovoltaic module It rings.Shutdown module also can detecte influence of the temperature to power in the stage synchronization for judging power decline, can screen out power Fluctuation to be that this belongs to caused by intensity of illumination namely shadow occlusion or caused by temperature factor a kind of more accurately monitor hand Section.

Referring to Fig. 3, photovoltaic module PVN utilizes the shutdown module CHN execution with monitoring function to be linked into multistage photovoltaic group The switching in link that part is connected in series, or execute the switching opened from link down.As comparison, the photovoltaic group of other primes Part PV2 then executes the switching being linked into link using the shutdown module CH2 with monitoring function, or executes and open from link down Switching.And there is the second output terminal NO2 of shutdown module CH (N-1) to be coupled to adjacent rear stage in connection relationship At the first output end NO1 for turning off module CHN, the connection relationship in Fig. 3 between multistage shutdown module can be by the adjacent of Fig. 2 The connection relationship of shutdown intermodule is illustrated and is understood：The second output terminal of the shutdown module of any previous stage is coupled to adjacent First output end of the shutdown module of rear stage, multiple shutdown modules head and the tail are connected in series to the of the first shutdown module CH1 DC bus-bar voltage namely V can be provided between one output end and the second output of the shutdown module CHN at end_BUS.Turn off module Specific topological classification can change, but the connection relationship between multistage shutdown module but still meets Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is embodied Structure out.The shadow occlusion situation of photovoltaic module PVN at least needs to be matched by corresponding shutdown module CHN and node DA-N Close monitoring.

Referring to Fig. 3, the temperature of photovoltaic module is more than temperature threshold, output voltage not in voltage specified range or output is electric Stream is not within the scope of nominal current, realtime power is lower than rated power etc. for a long time, belongs to failure, needs to monitor shade screening emphatically The case where gear.Shutdown module CH2 and mating node DA-2 monitors photovoltaic module PV2 by data acquisition and meets with specified shade Failure is blocked, will actively go to trigger and control to be turned off shutdown module CH2, to avoid the photovoltaic module of the exception PV2 influences the normal operation of remaining other assemblies in entire battery pack string, turns off module CH2 in shadow occlusion trouble shooting It is controlled again afterwards and connect and component is linked into battery pack string again.For example shutdown module CHN and mating node DA-N passes through Data acquisition monitors photovoltaic module PVN and meets with specified hot spot effect failure, will actively go to trigger and control that mould will be turned off Block CHN is turned off, so that the photovoltaic module PVN of the exception be avoided to influence remaining other assemblies in entire battery pack string Normal operation, shutdown module CHN it is controlled again after abnormal hot spot effect trouble shooting and connect and again by photovoltaic module PVN It is linked into battery pack string.Referring to Fig. 3, battery pack string is serially connected in by multiple photovoltaic modulies and each photovoltaic module is equal Configured with a shutdown module：Shutdown module is used in battery pack string switch to photovoltaic module from series connection access state other Line state；Or shutdown module is for being restored to series connection access state from the state of being bypassed for photovoltaic module in battery pack string. Assuming that photovoltaic module PV2 enters quilt when for example temperature is more than set temperature range under scheduled abnormal working conditions in battery pack string Corresponding shutdown module CH2 is switched to the state of being bypassed, short similar to the first output end and second output terminal of shutdown module CH2 It connects, when photovoltaic module PV2 relieves scheduled abnormal working conditions in battery pack string, for example temperature is restored to set temperature model Series connection access state namely the first output end and second output terminal are then restored to not by corresponding shutdown module CH2 within enclosing Directly be shorted, but the first output end is directly coupled to the anode of photovoltaic module PV2 and second output terminal is directly coupled to photovoltaic Component PV2 cathode.Shutdown module CH2 is switched to when being bypassed state：Turn off the first output end and photovoltaic module of module CH2 PV2 anode can disconnect, or the second output terminal of setting shutdown module CH2 and the cathode of photovoltaic module PV2 can disconnect. Photovoltaic module PV2 enters under scheduled abnormal working conditions for example to can be to be judged by the target data that node DA-2 is monitored Out, if the target data of the node DA-2 acquisition of acquisition target data not within preset range, then node DA-2 It can substantially think that photovoltaic module PV2 enters scheduled abnormal working conditions, to trigger shutdown module CH2 for photovoltaic module PV2 switches to the state of being bypassed from series connection access state；The target data about photovoltaic module PV2 of opposing node DA-2 acquisition It is restored within preset range, then node DA-2 can think that photovoltaic module PV2 relieves scheduled abnormal work item Component PV2 is restored to series connection access state to trigger corresponding shutdown module CH2 by part.

Referring to Fig. 3, the function embodiment for turning off module exists：Forbid for bypassing a corresponding photovoltaic module Electric energy/power is provided into link, or for a corresponding photovoltaic module to be switched to access from shielding/bypass condition State transfers to provide electric energy/power into link.When photovoltaic module meets with shadow occlusion event of failure, by the prison for turning off module Control effect and shutdown effect, the photovoltaic module being blocked is switched to the state of being bypassed by corresponding shutdown module, this for The dangerous situations such as fire are prevented to be highly desirable.In an alternative embodiment, it is assumed that photovoltaic module PV2 and PVN are blocked But remaining other assemblies are not blocked, then the output current reduction of photovoltaic module PV2 and PVN will keep battery pack string in check Tandem electric current, it is however generally that can directly drag down tandem electric current/bus current, the photovoltaic module that the application will directly be blocked PV2 and PVN are bypassed, and bus current would not be dragged down.Referring to Fig. 3, in whole photovoltaic modulies which component be by It blocks, which component is not to be blocked to need judgment basis.Shadow occlusion is most directly mapped to the performance of photovoltaic module Performance in parameter is exactly：Those of be blocked the reducing to external power of the output of component, the component that those of is not blocked it is defeated Out then relatively high to external power.Therefore whether judgment basis can be higher than preset threshold to external power from the output of component To screen：It can be defined as not less than those of preset threshold component and do not block, component those of lower than threshold value can be determined Justice is to block.More accurately method can also be sampled the output voltage of photovoltaic module using voltage sensor and utilize electric current The output electric current of sensor sample photovoltaic module be calculated its output to external power, judge photovoltaic group using optical sensor The practical light radiation degree of part local environment and the actual temperature that photovoltaic module local environment is judged using temperature sensor, by reality Border light radiation degree and actual temperature deduce the expected function of the standard that should do not generate originally by any photovoltaic module blocked Rate is regarded as preset threshold, and whether judgment basis can be higher than such threshold value to external power from the output of component at this time To screen.Therefore the detection means of the shadow occlusion event of photovoltaic module includes：Detect the external of the reality output of photovoltaic module Whether power is not less than predetermined power value.The simpler detection means of the shadow occlusion event of another photovoltaic module includes： Whether the practical light radiation degree of detection photovoltaic module local environment meets radiation intensity required by predetermined power value, because according to Intensity of illumination is more readily detected out in the optical sensor invested on photovoltaic module.Predetermined power value can be no any when blocking The maximum power of time, such as the processor of shutdown module configuration record the history power generation data of photovoltaic module and confirm maximum work Power under rate voltage and maximum power point current condition is considered as predetermined power value, the included storage unit of processor or outside Memory can save these historical datas for calling at any time.

Referring to Fig. 3, the function embodiment for turning off module exists：In the string that the controllable photovoltaic module applied is accessed or bypassed In connection formula photovoltaic generating system, some any photovoltaic module in battery pack string that photovoltaic module PV1-PVN is constituted enters predetermined Abnormal working conditions under when the state of being bypassed is switched to by corresponding shutdown module；Or when some light any in battery pack string By corresponding shutdown module recovery to series connection access state when lying prostrate the scheduled abnormal working conditions of module cancels.For example photovoltaic Component PVN is into scheduled abnormal working conditions such as block, power is too low, voltage and current is excessively low, at this time by corresponding pass Disconnected module CHN is switched to the state of being bypassed, if when opposite photovoltaic module PVN relieves scheduled abnormal working conditions namely screening Gear releases, power increases, voltage/current is lifted etc., and the abnormal photovoltaic module PVN is because of anomalous event quilt above-mentioned originally Series connection access state is just restored to by corresponding shutdown module CHN after releasing.

Based on the fast development of photovoltaic module monitoring field, wireless telecommunications are simple by its installation, the advantages such as at low cost, It is widely used in remote monitoring system.Wireless telecommunications at present are to form Star Network, nothing by radio receiving transmitting module Digital signal is sent to wireless receiving module by a kind of frequency range by line sending module, realizes the wireless telecommunications of intermodule.It is existing The wireless telecommunications of technology merely extend on the gateway in power station.But in fact, the data of component-level can be true and real-time The case where reflecting solar panel, can accomplish real-time early warning and control, can quickly reflect the source gone wrong, improve safety and Generating efficiency, but due to cost problem, current technology lacks the component-level monitoring that photovoltaic plant uses.But with point The development of cloth photovoltaic, photovoltaic power generation have begun large scale application, and the photovoltaic power generation as substitution traditional energy will Play the part of important role and grid-connected to power grid or directly local generates power for their own use.Therefore this is by the safety of the system to photovoltaic and body It tests and puts forward higher requirements.The data and control of monitoring assembly, will be improve photovoltaic generating system safety and experience in most An important ring.It shows after study, mode there are mainly two types of the data of component-level can be obtained, the first is wire communication Mode and another kind is then wireless communication mode.Wire communication mode, at present in terms of the data acquisition of photovoltaic module substantially Only power line carrier plc communication is relatively applicable in, but PLC power carrier communication technology belongs to more old technology and lacks Falling into is to be difficult to stablize, and the application of photovoltaic module belongs to more complicated electric system, and power carrier communication technology is due to certainly Body anti-interference ability is particularly poor and it occur frequently that lose the situation of data packet, not only the serious acquisition for affecting data and due to Carrier wave flows backward the generated energy that can also affect on photovoltaic module to the positive and negative anodes of photovoltaic module.The mode of wireless telecommunications just has presence More selection scheme, recently as the high speed development of technology of Internet of things, Internet of Things IOT wireless terminal device is continuous more New iteration.By taking LORA wireless communication module as an example：Long transmission distance and strong antijamming capability and be configured with novel spread spectrum, It is also equipped with the advantages that being easy to construction and deployment, low-power consumption, adjustable transmission power.Development based on technology of Internet of things, in line with raising The theory of safety and the experience of photovoltaic generating system proposes monitoring system and the side of the photovoltaic module based on LORA wireless telecommunications Method is the main purpose of the application.

The implementation theory of the application is achieved through the following technical solutions, the photovoltaic module prison based on LORA wireless telecommunications Prosecutor method is described generally as：Start；The data that module data collecting part periodic broadcast monitors；Module data collecting part Data transmitting period and sequence are established through consultation between mutual Phase Receiver data, module data collecting part；Module data acquisition portion Divide real-time detection photovoltaic module to whether there is various exceptions such as hot spot problem, and is controlled；LORA gateway monitors photovoltaic module The data that broadcast out of part of data acquisition, locally save and upload to Cloud Server；Cell phone application and Cloud Server carry out real When interaction, access the data of component, while can control component and being turned off；LORA gateway obtains server or local area network Instruction, and instructed using LORA broadcasting instructions or point-to-point transmission；The part of data acquisition of photovoltaic module receives LORA net The movement that the broadcasting instructions of pass or point-to-point instruction are turned off.Can achieve the effect that for the application is as follows：Play data The component monitor of acquisition effect has cell plate voltage bypass module, can effectively solve the problem that the hot spot effect of solar panel, protects Component promotes generated energy；There is component monitor shutdown module can open solar panel in fire and other disasters occur Road, effective protection rescue personnel's safety；The application passes through specific communications protocol, all components prison using LORA wireless telecommunications The data timesharing of control device is passed in LORA gateway, and user can both have a guide look of the voltage, electric current, hair of component using mobile phone or computer etc. Electricity, realtime power and historical power, temperature etc. and the data such as abnormal conditions, and user can control the shutdown of solar panel. The timesharing upload procedure based on LORA wireless network communication method provided is as follows, and component voltage meets component monitor work item When part, the data of meeting periodic broadcast monitoring, the part of data acquisition for playing component monitor receives other assemblies monitor Data, the sending time of itself is determined according to the data of other nodes, after several periods, the data of all components monitor will It timesharing can be broadcasted in special frequency channel, so that the LORA gateway of wireless communication receives the data of component monitor, carry out It analyzes and calculates and be saved in local and upload onto the server, cell phone application access server can obtain the real time data of component, The instruction of shutdown can be sent to server simultaneously, and then the instruction of shutdown is sent LORA gateway by server, and gateway is by shutdown Command broadcast point-to-point is sent to assignment component monitor.The node for playing the role of component monitor receives shutdown instruction, Carry out shutdown movement.It needs to be pre-configured with ID by LORA gateway before component monitor use, ID is stored in component monitor Eeprom memory in and component monitor starting after, each component monitor will carry out sending cycle according to self ID Adjustment realizes that timesharing uploads the function of data, can alleviate the pressure to data transmission.

Referring to Fig. 3, in conjunction with Fig. 1, the instruction of the artificial shutdown assigned to terminal device TERM is by server and gateway Node is passed to, such as operation APP application turns off some specified component, any some node such as DA-2 is in the finger for receiving shutdown When enabling, it is primarily referred to as the instruction to the terminal device TERM shutdown assigned, the shutdown module CH2 of its pairing of triggering node DA-2 is held The instruction of row shutdown is bypassed shape so that photovoltaic module PV2 corresponding with node DA-2 be switched to from series connection access state State --- it is bypassed.Referring to Fig. 3, in conjunction with Fig. 1, artificially to the instruction of the terminal device TERM connection assigned by server With gateway passes to node, for example, operation APP application be intended to connect some we specified by component PV2, node DA-2 exists When receiving the instruction of connection, then the shutdown module CH2 of its pairing of triggering node DA-2 can be gone to execute the instruction connected, instructed from section Point DA-2 is conveyed to the shutdown module CH2 of pairing, thus finally will photovoltaic module CH2 corresponding with node DA-2 from being bypassed shape State is restored to series connection access state.

Referring to Fig. 3, in conjunction with Fig. 1, in the alternative embodiment of the application, mode of the gateway in the data for reading each node Mainly：Gateway GAW can issue the request for reading data to node DA-1 first and then node DA-1 in response to the request and is held To gateway, gateway continues to node DA-2 the target data of the beginning transmission collected first component PV1 of first node DA-1 The request for reading data and then node DA-2 are issued in response to the request and starts transmission second DA-2 collected second The target data of component PV2 can also issue to node DA-3 to gateway, directly followed by gateway and read the request of data and then save Point DA-3 in response to the request and start transmit the collected third photovoltaic module PV3 of third node DA-3 target data To gateway, and so on until gateway GAW finally issues the request for reading data and node DA-N in response to this to node DA-N It requests and starts to transmit the data of the collected photovoltaic module PVN of N grades of node DA-N to gateway.According to the question and answer of poll With reading data mode, the respective target data of node DA-1 to DA-N can be all read into, this is to read some battery The data of group string.

Referring to Fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the data definition gateway of battery pack string is read from first node DA-1 successively poll The total duration that the last one node DA-N to end consumes is a polling cycle T.Here some polling cycle for example can be with It is illustrated as：Gateway GAW issues the request for reading data and then node DA-1 to node DA-1 in response to the request and transmission objectives Data to gateway time be TIME, gateway GAW to node DA-2 issue read data request then node DA-2 in response to The request and transmission objectives data are TIME to the time of gateway, and gateway issues the request for reading data to node DA-N and node DA-N is in response to the request and transmission objectives data to the time of gateway are TIME, so from first node polls node to the end Entire polling cycle T be just substantially equal to TIME multiplied by N, therefore in the corresponding node DA-1 of gateway to establishing number between DA-N According to sending cycle (i.e. polling cycle) and data transmission sequence, data transmission sequence is to be sent in sequence to end from first node DA-1 The last one node DA-N of tail.

Referring to Fig. 3, in the alternative embodiment of the application, each node is sent in each polling cycle namely data Target data is acquired with preset sample frequency in period：First node DA-1 is in some polling cycle T with first preset sampling Frequency F1 access and the target data for reading collected first component of first node DA-1, node DA-2 is in polling cycle T is accessed and is read target as the voltage of collected second component of second node DA-2 with preset sample frequency F2 Data, and so on, the node DA-N at end is accessed and is read this N grades sections with preset sample frequency FN in polling cycle T Point DA-N needs this target data of the current value of collected N grades of component PVN.In the alternative embodiment of the application for example Sample frequency is the target value that node acquisition per second/reading one-time detection arrives.

Referring to Fig. 3, in the alternative embodiment of the application, each node receives asking for the reading data of gateway transmission The target data that it is acquired in polling cycle is sent to gateway in the form of data packet (Packet) when asking.Such as first section It is read first node in polling cycle T and adopted by point DA-1 when receiving the request of reading data of gateway transmission The target data of first component collected is sent to gateway GAW in the form of data packet Packet1；Such as second node DA-2 When receiving the request of reading data of gateway transmission, it is read to second node collected the in polling cycle T A series of target datas of two component PV2 are sent to gateway GAW in the form of data packet Packet2 to complete data and send. The rest may be inferred, and end node DA-N reads it when receiving the request of reading data of gateway transmission in polling cycle T A series of target datas to the N grades of collected N level assembly PVN of node DA-N are sent in the form of data packet Packet-N To gateway.It must be noted that data packet Packet1 is a series of set of target datas of first component, and data packet An arbitrary target data values in Packet1 carry timestamp, such as the series of temperature that data packet Packet1 includes With first second in polling cycle T temperature value and second second temperature value ... etc. in the set of value.Same reason, end The data packet Packet-N of tail node is a series of set of target datas of N level assembly, and in data packet Packet-N An arbitrary target data carry timestamp, such as in the set of the data packet Packet-N a series of voltage value that includes With first second in polling cycle T voltage value and second second voltage value ... etc..The effect of timestamp can at least be known It is not historical data or real time data.

It is the broad flow diagram of photovoltaic plant digitalization surveillance & control system processing data with reference to Fig. 4.It is arranged in photovoltaic plant For acquiring the node namely implementation steps S101 of target data.By node and gateway GAW come component network and networking namely Implementation steps S102.Gateway GAW sends the request for reading data namely implementation steps S103 to node and is come from by gateway acquisition The target data that node is responded and passed back.Gateway GAW upload above so-called target data to converge data server namely Implementation steps S104.By the terminal devices such as mobile phone TERM access cloud server read data and by terminal device TERM to Server assigns instruction (both-way communication) i.e. step S105.Using the precision data service platform of fining and digitization, by light The monitoring demand of overhead utility standard becomes visualization and handling extremely strong cloud and mobile end data, historical data and current Real time data not only embodies the power data on power generation main line, also intuitively reflects that power station whether there is failure, and Data can embody the trigger mechanism analysis of all kinds of failures, and operation and maintenance to photovoltaic plant etc. bring greatly convenient Property, the scheme that monitoring cost is greatly lowered is suitable for centralized and distributed power station.It can be mentioned according to power station owner's feature For different data service modes, flexible secondary development feature is executed, for example：The mass data of cloud record can be used as big number The big data model of the core components such as photovoltaic module is established according to analysis object.The application is in terms of data safety and data isolation Ensure that owner uses platform devoid of risk.Data management must satisfy：Credible namely power station assets acquisition data are credible；It is visual namely Power station situation grasps and understands generated energy in real time, and power, daily income, power station basic information and operating status etc. are very clear Any dead angle may be not present, all historical datas and real time data have a panoramic view；It can look into namely history is abnormal, historical yield and hair Electricity, historical failure maintenance record, historical bills etc. it is simple and fast have place that can look into, and allow data full of trackability and avoiding Data omit loss；It can chase after：Power station real time fail implementing procedure, equipment be in acknowledgement state, send work service mode and still It is completed, task flow is completely orderly；Controllably：Make the new investment budget of owner controllable according to the fining analysis of data and according to need It asks to be laid out budget.Above advantage makes the transformation in the either photovoltaic plant of new investment or old power station become risk Controllably, the monitoring channel for being matched in PC computer and cell phone application end is monitored tracking etc., these are provided by the present application beneficial Effect.

Above by the content of description and accompanying drawings, the exemplary embodiments of the specific structure of specific embodiment are given, on It states utility model and proposes existing preferred embodiment, but these contents are not intended as limiting to.For those skilled in the art For after reading the above description, various changes and modifications undoubtedly will be evident.Therefore, appended claims should be regarded as It is the whole variations and modifications for covering the true intention and range of the utility model.It is any and all in Claims scope Range and content of equal value, is all considered as in the intention and range that still belong to the utility model.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of photovoltaic module monitoring system based on LORA wireless telecommunications, which is characterized in that including：

The node being deployed in photovoltaic plant for acquiring target data and the gateway with node networking, are sent out from gateway to node It send the request for reading target data and the target data sent back to from node because responding the request is received by gateway；

The server for the target data that storage gateway uploads and the terminal device interacted with server；

The node is the node for configuring LORA radio receiving transmitting module and the gateway is LORA gateway.

2. the photovoltaic module monitoring system according to claim 1 based on LORA wireless telecommunications, it is characterised in that：

Terminal device includes at least mobile terminal and computer equipment.

3. the photovoltaic module monitoring system according to claim 1 based on LORA wireless telecommunications, it is characterised in that：

Battery pack string is serially connected in by multiple photovoltaic modulies and each photovoltaic module is each equipped with a shutdown module；

Shutdown module is used in battery pack string photovoltaic module switching to the state of being bypassed from series connection access state；Or

Shutdown module is for being restored to series connection access state from the state of being bypassed for photovoltaic module in battery pack string.