CN207750425U - Hydro-pneumatic spring, the steering mechanism of wheel, wheel and electric vehicle - Google Patents
Hydro-pneumatic spring, the steering mechanism of wheel, wheel and electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN207750425U CN207750425U CN201721866936.8U CN201721866936U CN207750425U CN 207750425 U CN207750425 U CN 207750425U CN 201721866936 U CN201721866936 U CN 201721866936U CN 207750425 U CN207750425 U CN 207750425U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of hydro-pneumatic spring, the wheel steering mechanism configured with the hydro-pneumatic spring, the wheel configured with the wheel steering mechanism and the electric vehicle using the wheel, which includes oil cylinder, guiding axis, damping sheet and floating piston；Oil cylinder includes cylinder barrel and piston rod hollow and being connected with cylinder barrel oil pocket, and guiding axis is coaxially fixed in the inner cavity that at the top of cylinder barrel and bottom end extends to piston rod；Damping sheet is slidedly arranged in the inner cavity of piston rod and affixed with guiding axis bottom end, and damping oil passing channel is provided on damping sheet；Floating piston is slidedly arranged in the inner cavity of piston rod and below damping sheet, and piston rod cavity is divided into top grease chamber and lower section gas chamber.Pass through the compartmentation of floating piston and the damping action of damping sheet, and the compression to gas chamber or expansion effect based on the relative motion between piston rod and cylinder barrel, it can ensure that preferable elastic damping effect can be played in vehicle operation, improve the handling stability of vehicle.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to automobile technical field, is to be related to a kind of hydro-pneumatic spring, be configured with the oil gas more specifically
Wheel steering mechanism, the wheel configured with the wheel steering mechanism and the electric vehicle using the wheel of spring.
Background technology
Be all made of between left and right turn wheel in the steering of existing wheeled vehicle track rod mechanical connection so as to
So-called " steering trapezium " is formed, along with the restriction of the guiding mechanism of the suspension system of existing wheeled vehicle, general vehicle can be real
Now conventional Turning travel, but can not achieve each wheel around pivot stud, each wheel of vehicle center pure rolling all turn 90 ° realize it is lateral
Translation and the whole phase inversions of each wheel realize the driving modes such as oblique translation with steering angle, to limit mobility.
Pivot stud is all designed to certain introversion and hypsokinesis and has certain steering offset by existing wheeled vehicle,
Purpose be in order to obtain the self-aligning ability of low speed and high speed, but also just bring simultaneously steering drag increase, tire wear increase
Greatly, the drawbacks such as deflecting roller occupied space increase.
In addition, vehicle will produce centrifugal force when along various curved path turning drivings, ground will produce centripetal in face of each wheel
Power, tire will produce side drift angle in rolling under centripetal force effect, and the size of side drift angle and tire stiffness, tire pressure,
Tire normal load is related, these factors are taken into account, then each wheel has a new actual motion direction line, it and vehicle
The deviation for taking turns plane is exactly slip angle of tire.Since the generation of slip angle of tire can make tire generate lateral sliding wear with ground, and
Influence handling stability.
Utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of hydro-pneumatic spring, the wheel steering mechanism configured with the hydro-pneumatic spring, is configured with the vehicle
The wheel of steering mechanism and the electric vehicle using the wheel are taken turns, segmental defect of the existing technology can be at least solved.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is：A kind of hydro-pneumatic spring is provided, including oil cylinder,
Guiding axis, damping sheet and floating piston；
The oil cylinder includes cylinder barrel and hollow piston rod, and the piston rod top is slidedly arranged in the cylinder barrel and bottom end position
In outside the cylinder barrel, the piston rod cavity is led with the cylinder barrel oil pocket by being opened in the oil-through hole on the piston rod top
It is logical；
The guiding axis is coaxially fixed in the inner cavity that at the top of the cylinder barrel and bottom end extends to the piston rod；The damping
Plate is embedded in and is slidedly arranged in the inner cavity of the piston rod and affixed with the guiding axis bottom end, in being provided with damping on the damping sheet
Cross oily channel；
The floating piston is slidedly arranged in the inner cavity of the piston rod and below the damping sheet, and by the piston
The inner cavity of bar is divided into top grease chamber and lower section gas chamber.
As one of embodiment, the damping oil passing channel includes the compression damping hole being opened on the damping sheet and stretches
Damping hole is opened, the compression damping hole is configured with for controlling the first unidirectionally controlled list that its excessively oily direction is direction from top to bottom
Member, the damping hole of upholding are configured with for controlling the second unidirectionally controlled unit that its excessively oily direction is direction from bottom to top.
As one of embodiment, the first unidirectionally controlled unit includes installing in first on the damping sheet lower surface
Elastic cover plate, the second unidirectionally controlled unit include installing in the second elastic cover plate on the damping sheet upper surface, described
First elastic cover plate and second elastic cover plate fitting parallel with the plate face of the damping sheet and it is covered each by corresponding resistance
Buddhist nun hole.
As one of embodiment, the aperture in the compression damping hole is more than the aperture for upholding damping hole.
The utility model also provides a kind of steering mechanism of wheel, including hydro-pneumatic spring as described above, wherein described to lead
It is splined shaft to axis and is connect with piston rod top spline, the splined shaft is arranged on the cylinder barrel and its top connects
It is useful for the driving unit for driving it to be rotated around own axes.
As one of embodiment, the driving unit includes driving motor, steering gear worm and steering screw, the steering snail
Wheel is coaxially socketed with the splined shaft, and the steering screw engages with the steering gear worm and connect with the driving motor.
As one of embodiment, the splined shaft is also associated with steering angle sensor.
The utility model also provides a kind of wheel, including wheel body, axletree and axle block, and the axletree is installed on institute
It states on axle block and is connect with the wheel body, further include the steering mechanism of wheel as described above；
The axle block is L-shaped, include for the wheel axis connection vertical section and be connected to the vertical section
Top and the horizontal segment extended towards car body outside direction, the bottom end of the piston rod and the top of the horizontal segment are connected.
The utility model also provides a kind of electric vehicle, including car body and multiple wheels, and each wheel is all made of institute as above
The wheel stated, each wheel are each equipped with wheel hub motor, and the rotor of the wheel hub motor is set in the corresponding axletree
It above and with the corresponding wheel body connects, stator casing and the corresponding vertical section abut.
As one of embodiment, lateral force sensors are equipped in each vertical section, the lateral force sensors are located at
The vertical section with the stator casing against abutment face on.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：
Hydro-pneumatic spring provided by the utility model, by the compartmentation of floating piston and the damping action of damping sheet, with
And the compression to gas chamber or expansion effect based on the relative motion between piston rod and cylinder barrel, it is ensured that in vehicle operation
In can play preferable elastic damping effect so that vehicle can be applicable in different road conditions, improve the handling stability of vehicle.
The function of hydro-pneumatic spring is combined as a whole by the steering mechanism of wheel provided by the utility model with turning function,
The rotation of piston rod spline housing is driven by being arranged in the splined shaft at the top of oil cylinder, the case where ensureing the basic function of hydro-pneumatic spring
Under, the steering of wheel is can also be achieved, to effectively improve the operability of vehicle；The piston in the bounce of suspension system total travel
Bar spline housing can reliably drive piston rod rotation that can control wheel without influencing suspension system bounce, the steering mechanism
Arbitrary Rotation turns to, to ensure that vehicle can be realized according to the needs of various driving cycles around vehicle center original place random angle
The functions such as degree rotation steering, lateral translation, oblique translation, the various speed Turning travels of highway.Turning machine based on above-mentioned wheel
Structure does not have between each wheel of vehicle to turn to the mechanical connection of straight and horizontal adjusting rod, the not no mechanical connection of transmission system yet, thus
With preferable passability and mobility.
Description of the drawings
It, below will be to embodiment or the prior art in order to illustrate more clearly of the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model
Attached drawing needed in description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only that this practicality is new
Some embodiments of type for those of ordinary skill in the art without having to pay creative labor, can be with
Obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the wheel that the utility model embodiment provides；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for the Vehicular turn traveling that the utility model embodiment provides；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram for the vehicle lateral translation that the utility model embodiment provides；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram for the oblique translation of vehicle that the utility model embodiment provides；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that the vehicle that the utility model embodiment provides is travelled around this vehicle zero turn radius；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram for the steering wheel that the utility model embodiment provides.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make technical problem to be solved in the utility model, technical solution and advantageous effect be more clearly understood, with
Lower combination accompanying drawings and embodiments, the present invention will be further described in detail.It should be appreciated that specific reality described herein
It applies example to be only used to explain the utility model, is not used to limit the utility model.
It should be noted that when element is referred to as " being fixed on " or " being set to " another element, it can be directly another
On one element or it is connected on another element.When an element is known as " being connected to " another element, it can
To be directly to another element or be indirectly connected on another element.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that term "center", " length ", " width ", " thickness ",
The orientation of the instructions such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside" or
Position relationship is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description,
It does not indicate or imply the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, because
This should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, it is not understood to indicate or imply relative importance
Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or
Implicitly include one or more this feature.The meaning of " plurality " is two or two in the description of the present invention,
More than, unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " is pacified
Dress ", " connected ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integrally
Connection；It can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection；Can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary,
It can be the interaction relationship of the connection or two elements inside two elements.For those of ordinary skill in the art and
Speech, can understand the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention as the case may be.
Embodiment one
Such as Fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of hydro-pneumatic springs, including oil cylinder, guiding axis 3, damping sheet 4 and floating piston 5；
The oil cylinder includes cylinder barrel 1 and hollow piston rod 2, and 2 top of the piston rod is slidedly arranged in the cylinder barrel 1 and bottom
End is located at outside the cylinder barrel 1, and 2 inner cavity of the piston rod and 1 oil pocket of the cylinder barrel are by being opened in the mistake on 2 top of the piston rod
Oilhole is connected；
The guiding axis 3 is coaxially fixed in the inner cavity that at the top of the cylinder barrel 1 and bottom end extends to the piston rod 2；It is described
Damping sheet 4 is embedded in and is slidedly arranged in the inner cavity of the piston rod 2 and affixed with 3 bottom end of the guiding axis, is set on the damping sheet 4
It is equipped with damping oil passing channel；
The floating piston 5 is slidedly arranged in the inner cavity of the piston rod 2 and positioned at 4 lower section of the damping sheet, and will be described
The inner cavity of piston rod 2 is divided into top grease chamber and lower section gas chamber.
In above-mentioned hydro-pneumatic spring, damping sheet 4 can to by pressure oil generate damping action, meanwhile, can be to work
The downward storke of stopper rod 2 is defined, and 2 top of piston rod can be blocked in 2 downlink of piston rod, piston rod 2 is avoided to skid off cylinder barrel
1.It is further preferred that such as Fig. 1, the damping oil passing channel includes 41 He of compression damping hole being opened on the damping sheet 4
Uphold damping hole 42, the compression damping hole 41 is configured with for controlling that its excessively oily direction is direction from top to bottom first unidirectional
Control unit, described to uphold damping hole 42 is configured with for controlling that its excessively oily direction is direction from bottom to top second unidirectionally controlled
Unit.Above-mentioned compression damping hole 41 generates damping action, above-mentioned extension to the pressure oil that direction on self-damping plate 4 is flowed through below
Damping hole 42 generates damping action to the pressure oil that 4 times directions of self-damping plate are just flowed through thereon, ensures piston rod 2 relative to cylinder barrel
Preferable damping action can be played when 1 upstream or downstream.It is filled with compressed air in the gas chamber of 5 lower section of above-mentioned floating piston, is made
The medium of elastic property is generated for hydro-pneumatic spring.Specifically：
When wheel encounters bump, piston rod 2 is moved upwards with respect to cylinder barrel 1, namely relative to guiding axis 3 and damping
Plate 4 moves upwards, and damping sheet 4 reduces with 5 spacing of floating piston, and pressure oil between the two pushes floating piston 5 to move downward,
The compressed air of 5 lower section of floating piston is further compressed, to generate elastic reaction；Since floating piston 5 moves down, float
The pressure oil of the top of piston 5 then flow down, the pressure oil of 2 top of piston rod can be past by the oil-through hole on 2 top of piston rod
The pressure oil of lower flowing, 4 top of damping sheet can be by 41 flow down of compression damping hole on damping sheet 4, i.e. production during this
Raw compression damping power；
When wheel encounters pothole, piston rod 2 is moved downward with respect to cylinder barrel 1, namely relative to guiding axis 3 and damping
Plate 4 moves downward, and damping sheet 4 increases with 5 spacing of floating piston, and the compressed air of 5 lower section of floating piston then expands, and pushes and floats
Piston 5 up moves, to generate elastic reaction；The pressure oil of 5 top of floating piston then up flows, in 2 inner cavity of piston rod
Pressure oil can up be flowed by the oil-through hole on 2 top of piston rod, the pressure oil of the lower section of damping sheet 4 can be by damping sheet 4
Extension damping hole 42 up flow, generate during this and uphold damping force.
As it can be seen that hydro-pneumatic spring provided in this embodiment, is made by the damping of the compartmentation and damping sheet 4 of floating piston 5
With, and the compression to gas chamber or expansion effect based on the relative motion between piston rod 2 and cylinder barrel 1, it is ensured that in vehicle
Preferable elastic damping effect can be played in operational process so that vehicle can be applicable in different road conditions, improve the behaviour of vehicle
Stability.In addition, above-mentioned guiding axis 3 can also be oriented to the vertical sliding motion of piston rod 2, ensure the operation is stable of wheel
Property.
Above-mentioned first unidirectionally controlled unit and the second unidirectionally controlled unit play the role of check valve, are easy-to-understand to, two
The check valve with certain Opening pressure threshold value can be used in person, and in preferred embodiment provided in this embodiment, such as Fig. 1,
The first unidirectionally controlled unit includes installing in the first elastic cover plate 43 on 4 lower surface of the damping sheet, and described second is single
Include installing in the second elastic cover plate 44 on 4 upper surface of the damping sheet, the described first 43 He of elastic cover plate to control unit
Described second elastic cover plate 44 is parallel with the plate face of the damping sheet 4 to be bonded and is covered each by corresponding damping hole.By upper
Certain Opening pressure threshold value can be provided by stating the elastic reaction of elastic cover plate, at the same can play control pressure oil unidirectionally by work
With；When the pressure of the pressure oil of respective side is more than the Opening pressure threshold value, pressure oil can push the elasticity cover plate open.It is further excellent
The aperture of selection of land, the compression damping hole 41 is more than the aperture for upholding damping hole 42, i.e. control upholds damping force than compression
Damping force is big, ensures handling stability of the vehicle under each road conditions.Such as Fig. 1, two elastic cover plates can be bolted on the damping sheet 4
On.
Further, such as Fig. 1, the piston rod that low-friction coefficient high abrasion is embedded on the lateral wall at 2 top of piston rod is held
Pressing sleeve 23, piston rod pressure-bearing set 23, which corresponds to, to be pushed against on the internal ring wall of cylinder barrel 1, is embedded on the inner ring wall surface of 1 bottom of cylinder barrel
There is the cylinder barrel pressure-bearing set 11 of low-friction coefficient high abrasion, cylinder barrel pressure-bearing set 11, which corresponds to, to be pushed against on the lateral wall of piston rod 2,
When longitudinal force and lateral force that wheel is transmitted by ground, above-mentioned piston rod pressure-bearing set 23 and cylinder barrel pressure-bearing set 11 bear diameter
Xiang Li ensures the service life and functional reliability of equipment.It is additionally provided with oil sealing on the inner ring wall surface of 1 bottom of cylinder barrel, to prevent
Pressure oil leaks, which is preferably located at the lower section of above-mentioned cylinder barrel pressure-bearing set 11, further preferably close to the cylinder barrel pressure-bearing
Set 11；In addition, dirt-proof boot is additionally provided on the inner ring wall surface of 1 bottom of cylinder barrel, to prevent muddy water dust outside oil cylinder from entering cylinder
Interior, which is preferably the lower section for being set to corresponding oil sealing.
Further, it is embedded with oil sealing on the lateral wall of above-mentioned floating piston 5, to separate pressure oil and compressed air,
Avoid pressure oil to gas chamber internal leakage.It is easy-to-understand to, the bottom end of above-mentioned piston rod 2 is closing setting, to prevent compression empty
Gas leakage can be integrated formed structure, can also be the knot being removably fixed with using seat under piston rod 21 and the piston rod 2
Structure, the cavity of the piston rod 2 is blocked by seat 21 under the piston rod, namely blocks the gas chamber, seat 21 and piston rod 2 under piston rod
It can be connected by bolt etc., sealing gland circle 25 can be set on the two contact surface, with the air-tightness of both enhancings connection.
Preferably, it is equipped with charge valve in the bottom of above-mentioned piston rod 2, for filling compressed air into gas chamber to specified pressure
Power；For the above-mentioned structure using seat under piston rod 21, which is set under the piston rod on seat 21.In floating piston
5 are equipped with fuel feeding valve, for filling pressure oil in grease chamber upward.
Embodiment two
Such as Fig. 1, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of steering mechanism of wheel, including above-described embodiment one is provided
Hydro-pneumatic spring, wherein the guiding axis 3 is splined shaft 3 and is connect with 2 top spline of the piston rod, i.e., is pushed up in the piston rod 2
End setting piston rod spline housing 22, the splined shaft 3 is arranged on the cylinder barrel 1 and its top is connected with for driving it around certainly
The driving unit of body axis rotation.
The steering mechanism of above-mentioned wheel, such as Fig. 1 are connected, the driving unit includes driving motor 61,63 and of steering gear worm
Steering screw 62, the steering gear worm 63 and the coaxial socket of the splined shaft 3, the steering screw 62 and the steering gear worm 63
It engages and is connect with the driving motor 61.Since driving motor 61 is to control vehicle by steering screw 62 and steering gear worm 63
Rotate to, and because worm screw have certain self-locking to worm gear, therefore can offset ground face wheel steering interference.
Further, such as Fig. 1, the splined shaft 3 is also associated with steering angle sensor 64.The steering angle sensor 64 can be to
Vehicle control system feeds back the steering angle information of wheel, and under the coordination of control system, steering will make wheel according in due course
Direction of motion angle and the cornering behavior of tire determine that the steering angle of the wheel can maximum limit to obtain excellent handling stability
Degree reduces the abrasion of tire.Such as Fig. 1, above-mentioned driving motor 61 and steering angle sensor 64 are preferably the top for being set to cylinder barrel 1,
Structure is relatively simple.
The function of hydro-pneumatic spring is combined as a whole by the steering mechanism of wheel provided in this embodiment with turning function, leads to
Crossing the splined shaft 3 being arranged at the top of oil cylinder drives piston rod spline housing 22 to rotate, in the feelings for the basic function for ensureing hydro-pneumatic spring
Under condition, the steering of wheel is can also be achieved, to effectively improve the operability of vehicle；It is living in the bounce of suspension system total travel
Stopper rod spline housing 22 can reliably drive the rotation of piston rod 2 that can be controlled without influencing suspension system bounce, the steering mechanism
The Arbitrary Rotation of wheel turns to, to ensure that vehicle can be realized according to the needs of various driving cycles around vehicle center original place
The functions such as Arbitrary Rotation steering, lateral translation, oblique translation, the various speed Turning travels of highway.Based on above-mentioned wheel
Steering mechanism does not have between each wheel of vehicle to turn to the mechanical connection of straight and horizontal adjusting rod, and the machinery of transmission system is not even yet
It connects, thus there is preferable passability and mobility.In addition, above-mentioned splined shaft 3 can also be to the vertical sliding motion of piston rod 2
It is oriented to, ensures the job stability of wheel.
Embodiment three
Such as Fig. 1, the utility model also provides a kind of wheel, including wheel body 73, axletree 72 and axle block 71, the vehicle
Wheel shaft 72 is installed on the axle block 71 and is connect with the wheel body 73, additionally includes what above-described embodiment two was provided
The steering mechanism of wheel.
The axle block 71 includes vertical section 712 for being connect with the axletree 72 and is connected to the vertical section
712 tops and the horizontal segment 711 extended towards car body outside direction, the bottom end of the piston rod 2 and the top of the horizontal segment 711 are solid
Even.Preferably, above-mentioned vertical section 712 and horizontal segment 711 are all made of disc-shaped structure；In above-mentioned seat 21 under being provided with piston rod
Embodiment in, seat 21 and the horizontal segment 711 are connected under the piston rod, such as pass through bolt connection.Further preferably in institute
The bottom end for stating piston rod 2 is equipped with vertical load sensor 24, which is electrically connected with vehicle control system,
Vertical load suffered by wheel can be detected in real time by the vertical load sensor 24, and one of function is to believe the vertical load
Breath is supplied to vehicle control system, to resolve slip angle of tire, to more accurately improve the handling stability of vehicle.
In the structure of above-mentioned axle block 71, it is easy-to-understand to, vertical section 712 is disposed on the close bottom of wheel body 73
Side outside the side of disk/separate car body is in other words the both sides that tire is relatively separately positioned on wheel rim 731.
It is further preferred that such as Fig. 1, which further includes wheel hub motor 8, and the rotor 82 of the wheel hub motor 8 is set in
It is connect on the axletree 72 and with the wheel body 73, stator casing 81 is abutted with the vertical section 712.The present embodiment passes through
Wheel hub motor 8 carries out independent driving to wheel, can preferably match excellent handling possessed by above-mentioned steering mechanism,
Meet the vehicle wheel rotational speed demand under various road conditions in real time, wheel without sliding wear and has good handling stability in ground pure rolling, protects
Demonstrate,proving vehicle has excellent harmony, stability and handling.It is easy-to-understand to, the wheel hub motor 8 and vehicle control system
It is electrically connected.
It is further preferred that such as Fig. 1, lateral force sensors 74, the lateral force sensing are equipped in the vertical section 712
Device 74 be located at the vertical section 712 with the stator casing 81 against abutment face on；The lateral force sensors 74 and vehicle
Control system is electrically connected, and lateral force suffered by wheel can be detected in real time by the lateral force sensors 74, to improve wheel/vehicle
Handling stability.Such as：When the steering angle of wheel is improper, cause the line of the wheel center and vehicle Instantaneous center with should
The actual motion direction line out of plumb of wheel, and so that the wheel generates lateral sliding wear with ground, and influence handling stability；At this moment should
Wheel generates additional lateral force and is detected and fed back to by the lateral force sensors 74 in the vertical section 712 of above-mentioned axle block 71
Vehicle control system, the steering angle that vehicle control system then adjusts the wheel make lateral force additional suffered by the wheel eliminate；This
Tire wear will be further reduced in one closed-loop control measure, improves handling stability.
Example IV
The present embodiment provides a kind of electric vehicles comprising multiple（Preferably 4 or 4 or more）Above-described embodiment three is carried
The wheel of confession, each wheel are all made of the above-mentioned wheel configured with wheel hub motor 8.
The power source of above-mentioned electric vehicle can be diesel engine, drive electrical power generators to charge a battery by diesel engine, store
Battery is the power supplies such as each motor of full vehicle, electric appliance.Certainly, it is all suitable in this present embodiment as power source using energy such as gasoline.
The running gear of the electric vehicle is that each wheel is respectively driven by the wheel hub motor 8 of itself, wheel rotary rpm root
It is determined by control system according to accelerator pedal position information, driving speed information, steering mode information etc..
The suspension system of the electric vehicle is using the oil cylinder center line of above-mentioned hydro-pneumatic spring as pivot stud line.
In driving procedure, steering order device can be manipulated by steering wheel 9 by driver.Steering wheel 9 is equipped with return spring,
When unclamping steering wheel 9 after driver manipulates steering by steering wheel 9, steering wheel 9 can automatically return to in-line position.The steering refers to
Device is enabled to send out the rotation that instruction directly controls vehicle the near front wheel steering motor, the steering angle to directly control vehicle the near front wheel makes
The near front wheel steering angle remains consistent with the steering angle of steering order device；Other steering angles respectively taken turns are by vehicle control system
It is calculated and is determined according to the value of the near front wheel steering angle.Three steering pattern select buttons are provided on steering wheel 9, as shown in fig. 6, point
Not Wei " routine ", " rotating in place ", " translation " for driver select.Vehicle control system according to the selected button of driver and
The value of the near front wheel steering angle come coordinate determine other steering angles respectively taken turns, to respectively realize " conventional highway Turning travel ", " around
Vehicle center original place Arbitrary Rotation steering ", " lateral translation or oblique translation ".Vehicle control system is according to selected by driver
Steering mode select button information, 9 corner information of steering wheel, accelerator pedal position information, vehicle speed information, each rotation selected
The feedback information of speed, each wheel steering angle feedback information respectively take turns the suffered laterally force information of vertical load information, each wheel to calculate determination
The rotating speed respectively taken turns, the steering angle respectively taken turns.Information transmission is completed by vehicle CAN bus.
Embodiment five
Below by taking carriage as an example, the drive manner of electric vehicle provided in this embodiment is illustrated；More than four-wheel
The electric vehicle situation that wheel hub motor 8 drives is similar.
Vehicle selects steering mode button in steering wheel 9 by driver and manipulation direction disk 9 selects travel route.Work as vehicle
On normal road with a certain speed along Road turnings when driving, driver steering wheel 9 select " routine " steering mode button
And manipulation direction disk 9 controls the left front a certain steering angle of rotation, vehicle control system just can determine that the Instantaneous center of vehicle.Such as
Shown in Fig. 2, which respectively has a line to 4 wheel centers.If not considering actual motion of the cornering stiffness of tire to each wheel
The influence that deflection generates, under the coordination of vehicle control system, 4 wheels turn different steering angles respectively, make each wheel
The line of center and vehicle Instantaneous center perpendicular to the wheel plane, and each wheel center in vehicle transient motion
The distance between heart and the wheel speed are also directly proportional, this can make vehicle when along various curve turning drivings, and each wheel is on ground
Pure rolling is without sliding wear.But in actual travel, vehicle will produce centrifugal force when along various curve turning drivings；Ground faces each wheel meeting
Centripetal force is generated, tire will produce the size and tire stiffness, wheel of side drift angle and side drift angle under centripetal force effect in rolling
Air pressure, tire normal load are related.These factors are taken into account, under the coordination of vehicle control system, 4 wheel difference
Turn different steering angles, makes the line of each wheel center and vehicle Instantaneous center perpendicular to the actual motion side of the wheel
To line, and the distance between each wheel center and vehicle Instantaneous center are also directlyed proportional to the wheel speed, can make vehicle
When at various speeds along various curve turning drivings, each wheel without sliding wear and has good handling stability in ground pure rolling.
When the steering angle of some wheel is improper, the line of the wheel center for making it and vehicle Instantaneous center is not orthogonal to the vehicle
The actual motion direction line of wheel and cause the wheel and ground to generate lateral sliding wear, and influence handling stability；At this moment the wheel generates
Additional lateral force, this additional lateral force can be detected by the lateral force sensors 74 in axle block 71 and feed back to vehicle
Control system, vehicle control system then adjust the lateral force elimination that the steering angle of the wheel keeps the wheel additional.This closed-loop control is arranged
It applies and tire wear will be further reduced, improve handling stability.
When vehicle in roadside or parking lot when in pool, if front and back next to having other vehicles or barrier, for general
Vehicle is difficult to be driven out to, and vehicle provided by the utility model is just easier to operate, and driver need to only select in steering wheel 9
Simultaneously manipulation direction disk 9 controls 90 ° of angles of left front rotation, 4 vehicles under the coordination of vehicle control system to " translation " steering mode button
Wheel all turns identical 90 ° of steering angles respectively, and as shown in Fig. 3, vehicle energy lateral translation is driven out to, at this time each wheel speed also one
It causes.
Also can be as shown in figure 4, when vehicle to be in narrow street travel, driver only need to select " translation " to turn in steering wheel 9
The left front a certain angle of rotation is controlled to mode button and manipulation direction disk 9,4 wheels are simultaneously under the coordination of vehicle control system
Turn a certain angle and carries out oblique translation to avoid traveling in narrow street.Each wheel speed is also consistent at this time.
As shown in figure 5, when need vehicle around vehicle center 180 degree pivot turn or turn over a certain angle again when driving, first
Brake allows vehicle to stop, and driver only need to select " rotating in place " steering mode button in steering wheel 9, unclamp steering wheel 9.In vehicle
Under the coordination of control system, 4 wheels turn different steering angles respectively, keep each wheel center vertical with the line of vehicle center
In the wheel plane；It is bright that each wheel steering angle is adjusted in place rear indicator light, and driver's releasing of brake pedal is stepped on the throttle pedal, vehicle
Start to rotate in place around vehicle center, and each wheel speed is also directly proportional at a distance from vehicle center with the wheel center, in the process
Each wheel is all in ground pure rolling without sliding wear.To then u-turn or turn how many angle, depends on the time of rotation lasts.When turning over
Driver's release gas pedal steps on brake pedal and terminates to rotate in place when the angle needed.The other steering modes of reselection are pressed
Button, manipulation direction disk 9 continue to travel.Under the coordination of vehicle control system, 4 wheels adjust its turn according to new steering mode
To angle.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model only, is not intended to limit the utility model, all at this
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should be included in the utility model made by within the spirit and principle of utility model
Protection domain within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of hydro-pneumatic spring, it is characterised in that：Including oil cylinder, guiding axis, damping sheet and floating piston；
The oil cylinder includes cylinder barrel and hollow piston rod, and the piston rod top is slidedly arranged in the cylinder barrel and bottom end is located at institute
It states outside cylinder barrel, the piston rod cavity is connected with the cylinder barrel oil pocket by being opened in the oil-through hole on the piston rod top；
The guiding axis is coaxially fixed in the inner cavity that at the top of the cylinder barrel and bottom end extends to the piston rod；The damping sheet is embedding
Dress is slidedly arranged in the inner cavity of the piston rod and affixed with the guiding axis bottom end, in being provided with damping oil passing on the damping sheet
Channel；
The floating piston is slidedly arranged in the inner cavity of the piston rod and below the damping sheet, and by the piston rod
Inner cavity is divided into top grease chamber and lower section gas chamber.
2. hydro-pneumatic spring as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The damping oil passing channel includes being opened in the damping
Compression damping hole on plate and extension damping hole, it is from top to bottom that the compression damping hole, which is configured with for controlling its excessively oily direction,
The first unidirectionally controlled unit in direction, the damping hole of upholding is configured with for controlling it, oil direction is direction from bottom to top excessively
Second unidirectionally controlled unit.
3. hydro-pneumatic spring as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The first unidirectionally controlled unit includes installing in described
The first elastic cover plate on damping sheet lower surface, the second unidirectionally controlled unit includes installing on the damping sheet upper surface
The second elastic cover plate, the described first elastic cover plate and second elastic cover plate fitting parallel with the plate face of the damping sheet
And it is covered each by corresponding damping hole.
4. hydro-pneumatic spring as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The aperture in the compression damping hole is hindered more than the extension
The aperture in Buddhist nun hole.
5. a kind of steering mechanism of wheel, it is characterised in that：Including hydro-pneumatic spring according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Wherein, the guiding axis is splined shaft and is connect with piston rod top spline that the splined shaft is arranged on the cylinder barrel
And its top is connected with the driving unit for driving it to be rotated around own axes.
6. the steering mechanism of wheel as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The driving unit includes driving motor, turns
To worm gear and steering screw, the steering gear worm is coaxially socketed with the splined shaft, the steering screw and the steering gear worm
It engages and is connect with the driving motor.
7. the steering mechanism of wheel as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The splined shaft is also associated with steering angle sensing
Device.
8. a kind of wheel, including wheel body, axletree and axle block, the axletree be installed on the axle block and with it is described
Wheel body connects, it is characterised in that：It further include the steering mechanism of the wheel as described in any one of claim 5 to 7；
The axle block is L-shaped, include for the wheel axis connection vertical section and be connected to the vertical section top
And the horizontal segment extended towards car body outside direction, the bottom end of the piston rod and the top of the horizontal segment are connected.
9. a kind of electric vehicle, including car body and multiple wheels, it is characterised in that：Each wheel is all made of such as claim 8 institute
The wheel stated；
Each wheel is each equipped with wheel hub motor, the rotor of the wheel hub motor be set on the corresponding axletree and with
The corresponding wheel body connection, stator casing are abutted with the corresponding vertical section.
10. electric vehicle as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that：Lateral force sensors are equipped in each vertical section, institute
State that lateral force sensors are located at the vertical section with the stator casing against abutment face on.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721866936.8U CN207750425U (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | Hydro-pneumatic spring, the steering mechanism of wheel, wheel and electric vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721866936.8U CN207750425U (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | Hydro-pneumatic spring, the steering mechanism of wheel, wheel and electric vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN207750425U true CN207750425U (en) | 2018-08-21 |
Family
ID=63149990
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201721866936.8U Active CN207750425U (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | Hydro-pneumatic spring, the steering mechanism of wheel, wheel and electric vehicle |
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| CN (1) | CN207750425U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107989946A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-04 | 欧孚迪汽车设计武汉有限公司 | Hydro-pneumatic spring, the steering mechanism of wheel, wheel and electric car |
-
2017
- 2017-12-28 CN CN201721866936.8U patent/CN207750425U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107989946A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-04 | 欧孚迪汽车设计武汉有限公司 | Hydro-pneumatic spring, the steering mechanism of wheel, wheel and electric car |
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Effective date of registration: 20210401 Address after: 430000, floor 1-2, building B01, Xingyi Road factory building, Hannan economic and Technological Development Zone, Hannan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Patentee after: Wuhan kuaichuang Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 430035 6th floor, A95 office building, Hanzheng Street, 21 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Patentee before: ADVANCED VEHICLE DESIGN WUHAN Ltd. |
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