CN207720495U - A kind of spring arc striking type plasma burner - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is related to a kind of spring arc striking type plasma burners, include mainly：Cathode, gun body, spring assembly and anode, wherein the cathode includes：Isometrical section and electric discharge section being connected with each other, the described isometrical section inner cavity for running through the gun body in the horizontal direction, and form circular passage with the inner cavity；The spring assembly is located at the inside of the gun body, including：Cathode baffle, spring and gun body block, wherein, the cathode baffle is set on isometrical section of the outer wall, the gun body block is set on the inner wall of the gun body, the spring is set between the cathode baffle and gun body block, by controlling the decrement of the spring, controls the cathode and anode carries out contact and the starting the arc.The quick starting the arc may be implemented in the utility model, plasma immediate stability is realized after the starting the arc, arcing voltage range is big, does not need additional high pressure starting the arc system, keeps Igniting pattern safer.

Description

A kind of spring arc striking type plasma burner

Technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the plasma burners such as petrochemical industry, metallurgy and power industry, and in particular to A kind of spring arc striking type plasma burner.

Background technology

Plasma refer to gas be ionized generation contain a large amount of electronics, ion, excited state molecule, atom and freedom The high active substance of group, also referred to as " the 4th state " of substance, low temperature plasma temperature range arrives tens of thousands of degree thousands of, With regard to hot plasma, hot plasma is applied to industrial, can be used as pulverized coal boiler ignition rifle, rubbish, solid waste Prepared by gasification etc., the igniting of gas turbine and steady combustion, the hydrogen in terms of chemical industry, currently also have numerous studies to use heat plasma Body prepares the materials such as graphene.

Supplier of the plasma burner as heat source at present is mainly used in power station pulverized coal boiler igniting, solid waste rubbish Melt process, flying dust processing etc., existing plasma burner uses Jie that single air source is generated as plasma more Matter air source, medium air source are mainly compressed air, argon gas, the simple gases such as hydrogen, by high-voltage breakdown or are connect during use The mode for touching arcing generates electric arc, is used for ionization medium gas.

Existing power plant passes through negative and positive by the way of movable cathode substantially using plasma igniter since its structure is larger Pole contacting ignition arc forms plasma, carries out current interruption by movable cathode after boiler-burner igniting, primarily serves ignition action. And the plasma burner of the industries such as rubbish melting is needed to be used for a long time, it is all made of the high pressure starting the arc, passes through high electricity Electric arc is formed between pressure breakdown and anode and cathode, dielectric gas forms plasma by electric arc, is used for the supply of heat source, but needs Mating power-supply system is wanted to have the control section of the high pressure starting the arc, whole system power supply is complicated, while increasing system cost, simultaneously It is high to the making requirement on machining accuracy of workpiece, after easily there is Partial ablation during use, it is not easy to the starting the arc, it is necessary to carry out pipe portion Part is replaced, adversely affecting its combustion efficiency.

Utility model content

The utility model is in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is proposed that a kind of spring arc striking type plasma burner passes through control The compression of spring assembly processed, which to contact between anode and cathode, to be powered, when stretching, extension to be formed between anode and cathode suitable interpolar away from, The medium air source being passed through simultaneously ionizes to form plasma and by anode by arc discharge by the runner between anode and cathode Spout sprays, and using spring starting the arc structure, the optimization of starting the arc mode, the party have been carried out to the Igniting pattern of plasma burner The quick starting the arc may be implemented in formula, plasma immediate stability is realized after the starting the arc, arcing voltage range is big, does not need additional height Starting the arc system is pressed, keeps Igniting pattern safer.

It is at least to solve one of above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution that the utility model is taken is：

The utility model proposes a kind of spring arc striking type plasma burners, including：Cathode, gun body, spring assembly and Anode, wherein the cathode includes：Isometrical section and electric discharge section being connected with each other, described isometrical section runs through described in the horizontal direction The inner cavity of gun body, and form circular passage with the inner cavity；The spring assembly is located at the inside of the gun body, including：Cathode Baffle, spring and gun body block, wherein the cathode baffle is set on isometrical section of the outer wall, and the gun body block is set It is placed on the inner wall of the gun body, the spring is set between the cathode baffle and gun body block, by controlling the bullet The decrement of spring, controls the cathode and anode carries out contact and the starting the arc；The anode is with the gun body close to the electric discharge section One end be connected, and with the electric discharge section formation gas cavity.

Further, multiple gun body blocks are circumferentially spaced is arranged on the inner wall of the gun body, and is located at The side of the cathode baffle.

Further, further include：Circular closure plate, the closure plate are radially disposed at the gun body far from the another of electric discharge section One end, and the outer wall of the closure plate is connected with the inner thread of the gun body, the inner wall of the closure plate passes through with described isometrical section Sealing ring is connected, for sealing the gun body.

Further, isometrical section of the inside is horizontally disposed cooling water through-hole；Isometrical section of the outer wall On along the circumferential direction be equipped with multiple radial through-hole being connected with the cooling water through-hole.

Further, further include：Insulating layer is wrapped in isometrical section of the outside, and one end position of the insulating layer In the inside of the gun body block, be provided with apopore on the insulating layer, the apopore respectively with the circular passage It is connected with radial through-hole, forms chilled(cooling) water return (CWR).

Further, there is gap so that cooling water is flowed through the gap between the insulating layer and the gun body block Go out, is discharged by the cooling water outlet being arranged on the other end side wall of the gun body.

Further, one end of the close electric discharge section of the gun body is put by sealing element and the insulating layer with described Electric section forms end part seal.

Further, one end of described isometrical section of separate electric discharge section is located at the outside of the gun body, for installing cathode Connector.

Further, the anode includes：Mounting portion and outlet portion, wherein one end of the mounting portion passes through sealing element It is connected with the sealing of the outer wall of the gun body, the other end is connected with the outlet portion；The inside of the outlet portion is set in the horizontal direction It is equipped with scaling jet passage, the interior of the scaling jet passage is provided in the gas being connected with the gas cavity Chamber.

Further, the side wall of the outlet portion is equipped with the air inlet being connected with the gas lumen, for being passed through Dielectric gas；The dielectric gas cools down anode by the gas lumen, and by described in air inlet entrance Gas cavity carries out cooling and forms air film protection in cathode surface to cathode.

The utility model includes at least following advantageous effect：

1）The utility model uses spring arc-striking structure, can replace conventional high-tension starting the arc system-level device so that rises Arc mode is easier；

2）The utility model uses spring arc-striking structure, passes through the research to device structure so that cooled cathode is more Rationally so that cathode service life increased；

3）The utility model uses spring arc-striking structure, is cooled down to anode and cathode by dielectric gas, reduces The heat that anode water cold belt goes out, increases the mean temperature of plasma, and improve burner uses power；

4）The utility model uses rational Structure of the cathode and the anode, including cathode construction to scale the related knot of spout to anode Structure ensures the stable operation of starting the arc afterburner.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model burner.

Fig. 2 is the faces the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1.

Wherein, isometrical section 101, cooling water through-hole 1011, radial through-hole 1012, electric discharge section 102, gun body 2, cooling water outlet 201, mounting portion 301, outlet portion 302, scaling jet passage 3021, gas cavity 3022, gas lumen 3023, the first air inlet 3024, the second air inlet 3025, cathode baffle 4, spring 5, gun body block 6, closure plate 7, sealing ring 8, insulating layer 9, sealing element 10, Cathode connection 11, cooling water water inlet direction W.

Specific implementation mode

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, with reference to specific embodiment The utility model is described in further detail.The embodiments described below is exemplary, and is only used for explaining that this practicality is new Type, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention.Particular technique or condition are not specified in embodiment, according in the art Document described in technology or condition or carried out according to product description.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model burner, shown referring to Fig.1, Spring arc striking type plasma burner described in the utility model, including：Gun body, cathode, cathode connection, spring assembly, insulating layer, Closure plate and anode.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, shown referring to Fig.1, cathode described in the utility model includes：It is connected with each other Isometrical section and electric discharge section, wherein the described isometrical section inner cavity for running through the gun body in the horizontal direction, and form ring with the inner cavity Shape channel, and isometrical section of the left end is located at the outside of the gun body, for installing the cathode connection, the cathode connection With the external screw thread that length range is 15-25mm, preferably 20mm；The isometrical intersegmental part is hollow, and formation is set in the horizontal direction The cooling water through-hole set along the circumferential direction is equipped with multiple diameters being connected with the cooling water through-hole on isometrical section of the outer wall To through-hole, cooling water enters from the cooling water through-hole, and cooling water intakes direction W as shown, more specifically, the radial direction is logical Hole is disposed in proximity at 0.5 times of isometrical section of outer diameter distance of the electric discharge section side, and the aperture of the radial through-hole is described etc. 0.5 times of diameter section internal diameter；The outer diameter of some embodiments according to the present utility model, isometrical section of cathode described in the utility model is 10-20mm, preferably 15mm；The radial through-hole quantity is 6 or 8.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, shown referring to Fig.1, the electric discharge section is in coniform, with the isometrical section of phase Even and be located at isometrical section of the right side, the length of the electric discharge section is 2-2.5 times of isometrical section of outer diameter, preferably 2 times etc. Diameter section outer diameter, cone angle are 15-25 °, and preferably 20 °, material is preferably tungsten.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, Fig. 2 are the faces the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1, and referring to Fig.1 with shown in 2, this practicality is new Spring assembly described in type is located at the inside of the gun body, more specifically, is located in the circular passage, including：Cathode baffle, bullet Spring and multiple gun body blocks, wherein the cathode baffle is set on isometrical section of the outer wall, apart from the cathode connection 35-45mm, the multiple gun body block are respectively positioned on the right side of the cathode baffle, and circumferentially spaced are arranged in the rifle On the inner wall of body, the spring is set between the cathode baffle and gun body block, by controlling the decrement of the spring, It controls the cathode and anode carries out contact and the starting the arc, more specifically：Make spring-compressed by pressing cathode, makes between anode and cathode Distance be zero, i.e. anode and cathode contact is powered, and after anode and cathode contact is powered, removing external force makes spring restore extended configuration, cloudy Electric arc is formed between anode, dielectric gas is ionized by electric arc by the runner between anode and cathode and generates plasma at this time, is led to It crosses anode spout and sprays the completion starting the arc, it is ensured that flame mean temperature is at 2500-3000 DEG C.

Some embodiments according to the present utility model, the cathode baffle be circular ring shape, thickness 4-6mm, preferably 5mm, diameter are less than gun body internal diameter 8-12mm, preferably 10mm.

Some embodiments according to the present utility model, after spring installation, when spring is in extended configuration, anode and cathode it Between distance ensure in 3-5mm, it is preferable to use when spacing be 4mm, when spring pressured state, ensures phase mutual connection between anode and cathode It touching, length 40-60mm, preferably 50mm, spring pitch diameter is 1.25-1.75 times of isometrical section of outer diameter of the cathode, It is preferred that 1.5 times, spring line footpath is 3-5mm, preferably 4mm.

Some embodiments according to the present utility model, with reference to shown in Fig. 2, the quantity of gun body block described in the utility model is 4-8, preferably 6, the gun body block internal diameter is bigger 3-5mm than the insulating layer outer diameter, preferably 4mm, forms gap, makes It obtains cooling water to flow out through the gap, passes through the cooling water outlet being arranged on the left end side wall of the gun body and be discharged.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, referring to Fig.1 with shown in 2, insulating layer described in the utility model is wrapped in described Isometrical section of outside, and the left end of the insulating layer is located at the inside of the gun body block, the right end of the insulating layer is located at institute The right end for stating isometrical section, is provided with apopore on the insulating layer, the quantity of the apopore and size with it is described isometrical The radial through-hole that is equipped with of outer wall of section is identical, when installation, is overlapped with the radial through-hole, i.e., the described apopore respectively with it is described Circular passage is connected with radial through-hole, forms chilled(cooling) water return (CWR)；Some embodiments according to the present utility model, the insulating layer Material is preferably polytetrafluoro, and the thickness of insulating layer is preferably 3mm.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, shown referring to Fig.1, the right end of the gun body passes through sealing element and the insulation Layer forms end part seal with the electric discharge section, and the right end outer wall upper edge of the gun body is axially arranged with the outer spiral shell that length is 10-15mm Line, is used for jointed anode, and left end inner wall is equipped with the internal thread that length is 10mm and forms gun body for connecting closure plate in an axial direction Both ends seal, and at the left end 40-50mm apart from the gun body, preferably 45mm is radially equipped with institute in the gun body State cooling water outlet, length range 20-40mm, preferably 30mm, latus rectum DN15mm；Left end 60- apart from the gun body At 80mm, preferably 70mm is equipped with the gun body block, and the length of the gun body is according to using technique long with adjusted design Degree, Design of length range are less than 2m.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, shown referring to Fig.1, the closure plate is radially disposed at the left end of the gun body, The closure plate is the circular steel plate of thickness 6-10mm, and the closure plate center opening forms circular, the outer wall setting of the closure plate Full thread is connected with the internal thread of the inner wall of the gun body, and the inner wall of the closure plate is connected with described isometrical section by sealing ring, For sealing the gun body.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, shown referring to Fig.1, anode described in the utility model includes：Mounting portion and go out Oral area, wherein one end of the mounting portion is connected by sealing element with the external screw thread sealing on the right end outer wall of the gun body, and Gas cavity is formed with the electric discharge section, the other end is connected with the outlet portion, and more specifically, the sealing element is installed on distance At the left part 10-20mm of the mounting portion, at preferably 15mm, the left part 15-25mm apart from the mounting portion（Preferably 20mm）, the inner wall of the mounting portion be equipped with the internal thread that length is 10-20mm in the axial direction, preferably 15mm is and described External screw thread sealing on the right end outer wall of gun body is connected, and the wall thickness of the mounting portion is 8-12mm, preferably 10mm.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, shown referring to Fig.1, the inside of the outlet portion is horizontally disposed contracting The interior in spout channel, the scaling jet passage is provided with the gas lumen being connected with the gas cavity；Institute The side wall for stating outlet portion is equipped with the air inlet being connected with the gas lumen, including：First air inlet and the second air inlet, More specifically：First air inlet is set to the outlet portion at the spout 40-50mm apart from the scaling jet passage Outer wall on, preferably 45mm, the bore of first air inlet is 8-12mm；Close to cathode side, described scaling spout On the side wall in channel, the gas cavity is connected by multiple second air inlets of circumference uniform distribution with the gas lumen, institute The bore for stating the second air inlet is 0.5 times of the bore of first air inlet, and quantity is preferably 8-12；The dielectric gas Anode is cooled down into the gas lumen by the first air inlet, and the gas space is entered by the second air inlet Chamber carries out cooling and forms air film protection in cathode surface to cathode, is ionized with anode by cathode and is passed through after forming plasma state The scaling jet passage sprays, and improves the service life of equipment anode and cathode, while reducing the heat that water cooling is taken out of.

Some embodiments according to the present utility model, the anode outer diameter are 40-60mm, preferably 50mm, length 70- The material of 100mm, preferably 80mm, the anode are preferably red copper.

Some embodiments according to the present utility model, the scaling spout smallest passage sectional dimension are the contracting of the anode Spout passage length 1:6-1：9, preferably 1:8；The scaling jet passage includes：The necking section and expansion segment being sequentially connected, Wherein, the spout relative aperture of the inlet calibre Yu the expansion segment of the necking section is 1:1-1:3, preferably 1:2, the necking section Length be 4-6mm, preferably 5mm, the inlet calibre of the necking section is 5-10mm, preferably 8mm.

The operation principle of spring arc striking type plasma burner described in the utility model is：Using spring assembly, pass through one Secondary operation（Cathode is unclamped after pressing swap cathode）Realize Igniting pattern：Make spring-compressed by pressing cathode when the starting the arc, makes the moon The distance between anode is zero, i.e. anode and cathode contact is powered, and after anode and cathode contact is powered, removing external force makes spring restore stretching, extension State forms electric arc between anode and cathode, and dielectric gas reaches arc position by the runner between anode and cathode at this time, passes through electric arc Ionization generates plasma, and spray the completion starting the arc by anode spout adjusts dielectric gas in ionization process by air inlet Intake, that completes plasma burner stablizes burning, reduces the heat that anode water cold belt is walked, increases the flat of plasma Equal temperature, it is ensured that flame mean temperature is at 2500-3000 DEG C.

Embodiment 1：Dielectric gas is using argon gas as dielectric gas, and anode necking section inlet calibre is 5mm, and length is 4mm, expansion segment spout bore are 10mm, length 40mm, and scaling jet passage overall length is 44mm, and anode outer diameter is 50mm, long Degree be 80mm, anode mounting portion internal diameter be 40mm, the long 15mm of internal thread, the first air inlet be located at away from anode nozzle 45mm at, First air inlet bore is 10mm, and the second air inlet bore is 5mm, and quantity is 10, circumference uniform distribution, pitch diameter 45mm, Isometrical section of outer diameter of cathode is 15mm, and length 150mm, cathodic discharge section is cone, and cone angle is 20 °, length 30mm, Length is 50mm, and gun body length is 300mm, and gun body outer diameter is 40mm, and spring pitch diameter is 22mm, line footpath 4mm.

Burner operation data described in the utility model is as follows：Electric current 145-150A, voltage 55-60V make the moon by spring Electric arc is generated after positive contact, does not need additional high pressure arc starter, and anode and cathode is cooled down by dielectric gas, service life Up to 35h or more, the temperature of plasma can be to 2850 DEG C, and gas consumption is controlled in 60L/min, in frequent Igniting pattern, is risen Stabilization efficiency is 99% after arc.

Jet passage dependency structure size is scaled by change, the starting the arc can be made unstable not in scope of design, it is difficult to adjust Interpolar is saved away from easy current interruption influences the normal operation of burner.

By changing spring sizes, spring can be made to be difficult to compress and stretch not in scope of design, seriously affect the starting the arc Journey causes the starting the arc unstable, is easy current interruption, influences the normal operation of burner.

Inventor has found, according to spring arc striking type plasma burner described in the utility model, using spring striking Structure can replace conventional high-tension starting the arc system-level device so that starting the arc mode is easier；And the utility model uses bullet Spring formula arc-striking structure, passes through the research to device structure so that cooled cathode is more reasonable so that cathode service life is increased Add；The utility model uses spring arc-striking structure simultaneously, is cooled down to anode and cathode by dielectric gas, reduces sun The heat that pole water cooling is taken out of increases the mean temperature of plasma, and improve burner uses power；In addition, this practicality is new Type is arranged using rational Structure of the cathode and the anode and size, includes the dependency structure of cathode construction and anode scaling jet passage, protects Demonstrate,prove the stable operation of starting the arc afterburner.

In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, the terms such as term " connected ", " connection " should be done extensively Reason and good sense solution may be a detachable connection for example, it may be being fixedly connected, or integral；Can be mechanical connection, it can also It is electrical connection；Can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, can be connection inside two elements or The interaction relationship of two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, can understand as the case may be above-mentioned The concrete meaning of term in the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation of the instructions such as term "upper", "lower", "left", "right" Or position relationship is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of description the utility model and simplification is retouched It states, does not indicate or imply the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, Therefore it should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example Point is contained at least one embodiment or example of the utility model.In the present specification, to the schematic table of above-mentioned term Identical embodiment or example need not be directed to by stating.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be It can be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or example.In addition, without conflicting with each other, this field Technical staff can carry out the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples In conjunction with and combination.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is Illustratively, it should not be understood as limiting the present invention, those skilled in the art are in the scope of the utility model Inside it can make changes, modifications, alterations, and variations to the above described embodiments, meanwhile, for those of ordinary skill in the art, foundation The thought of the application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of spring arc striking type plasma burner, which is characterized in that including：Cathode, gun body, spring assembly and anode, In,

The cathode includes：Isometrical section and electric discharge section being connected with each other, described isometrical section runs through the gun body in the horizontal direction Inner cavity, and form circular passage with the inner cavity；

The spring assembly is located at the inside of the gun body, including：Cathode baffle, spring and gun body block, wherein the cathode In on isometrical section of the outer wall, the gun body block is set on the inner wall of the gun body baffle plate setting, the spring setting Between the cathode baffle and gun body block, by controlling the decrement of the spring, controls the cathode and anode carries out Contact and the starting the arc；

The anode is connected with the gun body close to one end of the electric discharge section, and forms gas cavity with the electric discharge section.

2. plasma burner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that multiple gun body blocks along the circumferential direction between Every on the inner wall for being arranged in the gun body, and positioned at the side of the cathode baffle.

3. plasma burner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include：Circular closure plate, the closure plate It is radially disposed at the other end of the gun body far from electric discharge section, and the inner thread phase of the outer wall of the closure plate and the gun body Even, the inner wall of the closure plate is connected with described isometrical section by sealing ring, for sealing the gun body.

4. plasma burner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that isometrical section of the inside is set in the horizontal direction It is equipped with cooling water through-hole；Multiple diameters being connected with the cooling water through-hole are along the circumferential direction equipped on isometrical section of the outer wall To through-hole.

5. plasma burner according to claim 4, which is characterized in that further include：Insulating layer is wrapped in described etc. The outside of diameter section, and one end of the insulating layer is located at the inside of the gun body block, and water outlet is provided on the insulating layer Hole, the apopore are connected with the circular passage and radial through-hole respectively, form chilled(cooling) water return (CWR).

6. plasma burner according to claim 5, which is characterized in that between the insulating layer and the gun body block With gap so that cooling water is flowed out through the gap, passes through the cooling water outlet being arranged on the other end side wall of the gun body Discharge.

7. plasma burner according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the one of the close electric discharge section of the gun body End forms end part seal by sealing element and the insulating layer with the electric discharge section.

8. plasma burner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that one end of described isometrical section of separate electric discharge section Positioned at the outside of the gun body, for installing cathode connection.

9. plasma burner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the anode includes：Mounting portion and outlet portion, Wherein, one end of the mounting portion is connected by sealing element with the sealing of the outer wall of the gun body, the other end and the outlet portion phase Even；The inside of the outlet portion is horizontally disposed to have scaling jet passage, the interior of the scaling jet passage to set It is equipped with the gas lumen being connected with the gas cavity.

10. plasma burner according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the side wall of the outlet portion is equipped with and institute The air inlet that gas lumen is connected is stated, for being passed through dielectric gas；The dielectric gas is by the gas lumen to anode It is cooled down, and the gas cavity is entered by the air inlet, carry out cooling to cathode and form air film in cathode surface Protection.