CN207633297U - A kind of environmental riverside zone of navigable river - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of environmental riverside zones of navigable river, the riverside zone include along the spaced ecological purification section in river and with animal corridor compensator section, ecological purification section is equipped with ecological deceleration strip (30), barricade (31) and wave eliminating and cleaning wetland (32), animal corridor compensator section is equipped with biology jogging channel (20) and the biological buffer pool (21), water penetration heap body (201) is provided in biology jogging channel (20), water penetration heap body (201) is formed with the preceding side slope (2011) towards river.The utility model can not only protect bank slope water and soil, cut down ship wave, the places such as look for food, inhabit are provided for aquatic animal, while being also provided with amphibian channel, ensured the living space of amphibian；Simultaneously using filler filtering, plant absorption the effects that, the pollution in water body is reduced, has ensured the normal growth of tidal wetland plant and the purification to water quality in river.

Description

A kind of environmental riverside zone of navigable river

Technical field

The utility model is related to a kind of riverside zone technical field, more particularly to a kind of environmental riverside zone.

Background technology

With shipping expanding economy, more and more natural waterways are developed to shipping river, and the navigation channel utilization of resources It is more, the influence to environment is also bigger.Dealing ship is more in navigable river, and the ship wave that boat trip generates is to shore bank Band has stronger souring, and in order to ensure the current safety in navigation channel, river both sides all use upright hard coagulation substantially Native barricade, to ensure the depth of water of shipping agency and the stabilization of side slope.But concrete structure can cause wetland and significantly reduce, be biological The severe situations such as diversity is substantially reduced, ecosystem degradation is serious.The hard concrete far above river surface upright simultaneously is kept off Wall makes the amphibians such as frog, toad in water body that can not climb to land-based area.

Under the historical background for pushing forward Ecological Civilization Construction comprehensively, the theory of ecological waterway construction is gradually being explored and is being tasted Examination, it is the inexorable trend for complying with era development that environmental riverside zone is built in navigable river, is to solve navigation channel effect on environment One of effective measures.Riverside zone is the transition region between river ecosystem and terrestrial ecosystems, is a special water Text, soil, vegetation ecotone, riverside zone is worth with very important special ecological in river ecosystem, and it is special to have , irreplaceable role, the ecological functions such as improve with prevention soil and water loss, solid bank bank protection, purification of water quality, landscape.Mesh Before, the pilot of environmental riverside zone is carried out in part navigation channel, but these pilot projects are all to protect emergent aquactic plant growth and scape It sees greening to attach most importance to, lacks the functions such as purification of water quality, aquatic animal migrating channels and the interception of face source, blocked aquatic animal from river To the path on riverbank in road, while aquatic animal also can not on the bank dig a hole made of concrete and inhabit, this is greatly reduced Bio-diversity.

Therefore it is badly in need of a kind of ecological navigation channel, enabling on meeting basic shipping basic function, play navigation channel comprehensively Ecosystem Service.

Utility model content

The primary and foremost purpose of the utility model, which is to provide a kind of, to be the navigable river life of amphibian land and water migrating channels Secondly state type riverside zone is to provide and disappears wave, purification of water quality, wetland construction, the interception of offer face source etc. again with navigable river ecology Close the navigable river ecotype riverside zone of function.

A kind of environmental riverside zone of navigable river, the riverside zone include along the spaced ecological purification section in river With animal corridor compensator section, the ecological purification section is equipped with barricade, and the animal corridor compensator section includes that biology is walked or drive slowly Channel, the biology jogging channel includes water penetration heap body, and the water penetration heap body is formed with the preceding side slope towards river, The gradient of the preceding side slope is delayed in 1:3.

Preferably, the length ratio of the ecological purification section and animal corridor compensator section is 10:1 to 20:1.

It is piled up preferably, the water penetration heap body is block stone, eco-concrete block or eco-concrete ball, Water penetration heap is coated with coating in vitro, and the coating is permeability flexible gauze pad.

Preferably, animal corridor compensator section further includes the biological buffer pool, the biological buffer pool is located at water penetration heap body The gradient at rear, biological buffer side of a pond slope is delayed in 1:2.5.

It is protected preferably, the pool bottom on the biological buffer pool is equipped with the first substrate made of porous hydrophilic material Layer, also kind is implanted with submerged plant and the first emergent aquactic plant in the biological buffer pool.

Preferably, ecological purification section further includes using ecological deceleration strip, the life made of porous hydrophilic material State deceleration strip is located at the front of barricade.

Preferably, the rear of barricade is equipped with wave eliminating and cleaning wetland, it is equipped with by porous hydrophilic in wave eliminating and cleaning wetland Second substrate protective layer made of material, kind is implanted with the second emergent aquactic plant on the second substrate protective layer, after the second emergent aquactic plant Side, which is equipped with, is piled up by block stone, eco-concrete block or eco-concrete ball into permeable shock-resistant layer.

Preferably, the barricade includes upper layer rigid cage and lower layer's rigid cage, the upper layer rigid cage and lower layer It is fixed with multiple wave cones that disappear outside rigid cage, upper layer gravel area is equipped in the rigid cage of upper layer and positioned at upper layer gravel area rear Nutrition Soil area, the interior packing area for being located at lower layer gravel area rear equipped with lower layer gravel area of lower layer's rigid cage.

The wave cone that disappears includes a centrum, and conical core hole is provided at the center of the centrum, is equipped between the adjacent wave cone that disappears Foramina intervertebrale.

Preferably, being filled with gravel in upper layer gravel area, lower layer gravel area, the gravel diameter is 5 to 10 centimetres, The diameter of gravel is gradually reduced from front to back size, filled with suspended biological column, suspended biological ball, suspension disk in the packing area Piece, zeolite or ceramic filter material.

Preferably, the rear of ecological purification section, animal corridor compensator section is additionally provided with land-based area intermediate zone, in land-based area intermediate zone Equipped with purification facility is intercepted, the purification facility that intercepts is one kind in grass planting ditch, non-irrigated small stream, Rain Garden, the wet pool, artificial swamp Or it is a variety of.

The utility model has the following technical effect that：The utility model can not only protect bank slope water and soil, cut down ship wave, The places such as look for food, inhabit are provided for aquatic animals such as fish, shrimp, shellfish, spiral shells, while being also provided with amphibian channel, in protection bank On the basis of slope water and soil and abatement ship wave, the amphibian in navigation channel is enable to enter by biology jogging channel, the biological buffer pool The farmland on navigation channel periphery, wet pool etc., have ensured the living space of amphibian；The works such as filler filtering, plant absorption are utilized simultaneously With the pollutional load in reduction water body has also ensured the normal growth of tidal wetland plant and the purification to water quality in river.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the plane layout diagram of embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is the A-A diagrammatic cross-sections of the animal corridor compensator section in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the B-B diagrammatic cross-sections of the ecological purification section in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 be in Fig. 3 I at partial schematic diagram.

Fig. 5 is the unrestrained schematic cross-sectional view bored that disappears.

Fig. 6 is the outside schematic diagram of barricade.

Specific implementation mode

Specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.These embodiments are only For illustrating the utility model, and it is not limitation of the utility model.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom" The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "inner", "outside" is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of retouching State the utility model and simplify and describe, do not indicate or imply the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, with Specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " It is used for description purposes only, is not understood to indicate or imply relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " is pacified Dress ", " connected ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integrally Connection；It can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection；Can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, It can be the connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, on can understanding as the case may be State the concrete meaning of term in the present invention.

In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of " plurality " is two or more.

A kind of environmental riverside zone of navigable river, the riverside zone include along 1 spaced ecological purification of river The length ratio of section and animal corridor compensator section, ecological purification section and animal corridor compensator section is preferably 10:1 to 20:1 it Between.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, ecological purification section include the ecological deceleration strip 30 set gradually from river 1 to riverbank direction, Barricade 31, wave eliminating and cleaning wetland 32, wherein：

As shown in figure 3, ecological deceleration strip 30 can be made of porous hydrophilic material, as water and soil conservation blanket, anti-impact biology blanket, The nondegradations materials such as Mike's reinforcement blanket, gabion pad, in-situ deposited porous concrete, soil and water conservation effect is good, and permeability is high, does not influence The exchange of surface and ground water can provide living space for aquatic animals such as amphibious crab, screws in water body.Ecological deceleration strip 30 Upper protective range connects with barricade 31, and the protective range of lower part is less than navigation ordinary water level at least 100cm, protection navigation ordinary water level When ship wave last volume for shore protection scour, prevent bank slope soil erosion from being had an impact to 31 stable structure of barricade；

As shown in figure 3, barricade 31 is located at the rear of ecological deceleration strip 30, barricade 31 is uprightly higher by ordinary water level, for protecting It is rolled up on ship wave, while this barricade 31 can also be to flowing through the water filter purification of barricade.Barricade 31 includes upper in the present embodiment Layer rigid cage and lower layer's rigid cage, as shown in fig. 6, being fixed with outside upper layer rigid cage and lower layer's rigid cage multiple for being crushed The wave cone 3121 that disappears of ship wave.As shown in figure 4, Parallel to the flow direction (i.e. from 1 onshore edge direction of river) is successively in the rigid cage of upper layer It is divided into upper layer gravel area 3122, the Nutrition Soil area 3123 positioned at 3122 rear of upper layer gravel area；Stream side downstream in lower layer's rigid cage To being divided into lower layer gravel area 3124, the packing area 3125 positioned at 3124 rear of lower layer gravel area.

In the present embodiment, rigid gabion and the box building block of trepanning concrete can be used in upper layer rigid cage and lower layer's rigid cage Deng.

As shown in Figures 4 to 6, the wave cone 3121 that disappears includes a centrum, is provided with conical core hole 3126 at the center of the centrum, dashes forward The wave cone 3121 that disappears gone out, which is closely packed in outside rigid cage, plays wave damping effect, and foramina intervertebrale is additionally provided in upper layer rigid cage and lower layer's rigid cage 3127, so that the water body in navigation channel is entered in cage by conical core hole 3126, foramina intervertebrale 3127.

Gravel packing is 5~10cm, upper layer gravel area 3122, lower layer in upper layer gravel area 3122, lower layer gravel area 3124 Gravel area 3124 can play the role of protecting and the upper plunging breaker of broken ship wave, at the same Gravel packing Parallel to the flow direction size by Step reduces, and on the one hand can filter and intercept thick suspended particulate substance, another aspect gravel surface layer can form biomembrane purification water quality.

The Nutrition Soil area 3123 is filled with packed Nutrition Soil, and Nutrition Soil is wrapped up using ecological film bag or plant biological bag, and Resistance to water logging plant is planted, for increasing greening, beautification barricade.

The packing area 3125 is filled with lightweight, porous, large specific surface area, the simple material of maintenance management, and such as suspend life Object column, suspended biological ball, suspension disc, zeolite and ceramic filter material etc., adsorbable and purification, the pollutant for cutting down water body.

As shown in figures 1 and 3, wave eliminating and cleaning wetland 32 is located at the rear of barricade 31, and wave eliminating and cleaning wetland 32 is for protecting Open the navigation or air flight high water level when ship wave on plunging breaker and lower plunging breaker, while also acting as water body in structure Constructed Wetland For Purifying navigation channel, reduce water In pollutional load effect.The second substrate protective layer made of porous hydrophilic material is equipped in wave eliminating and cleaning wetland 32 321, kind is implanted with the second emergent aquactic plant 322 on the second substrate protective layer 321, and the rear of the second emergent aquactic plant 322 is equipped with permeable resistance to Shock ply 323.

When wherein the second substrate protective layer 321 and the second emergent aquactic plant 322 are for protecting navigation high water level under ship wave Plunging breaker, the upper plunging breaker of ship wave when permeable shock-resistant layer 323 is used to protect navigation high water level.Second substrate protective layer 321 has Water and soil conservation, the function of wind and wave resistance scour, being conducive to emergent aquactic plant growth, do not influence aquatic animal life, can be used loose Porous hydrophilic material, such as water and soil conservation blanket, Mike's reinforcement blanket, celluar concrete interlock block, ecological film bag material are made, thoroughly It is aqueous good, provide habitat for emergent aquactic plant growth.

There is second emergent aquactic plant 322 biology to disappear wave and water quality purification function, and the aquatic plant such as reed, cattail can be selected Object, the density that population is stablized should be more than 100 plants/m2.

Permeable shock-resistant layer 323 is piled up using block stone, eco-concrete block, eco-concrete ball etc., per block of material Size should be more than 20cm × 20cm × 20cm, and the porosity piled up is more than 10%

The above is the essential structure of ecological purification section, since barricade is to be higher by ordinary water level to play the unrestrained function that disappears , cause the amphibians such as the frog in water body, toad that can not climb to land-based area, be animal corridor compensator section essential structure below, Animal corridor compensator section is just set every one section of ecological purification section, to provide land and water migrating channels for amphibian：

As shown in Figure 1, animal corridor compensator section include set gradually from river to riverbank direction biology jogging channel 20, The biological buffer pool 21：

As shown in Fig. 2, the biology jogging channel 20 includes water penetration heap body 201,201 shape of water penetration heap body At the preceding side slope 2011 having towards river, the gradient of the preceding side slope 2011 is delayed in 1:3, the aquatic animals such as frog, toad can It is climbed up from preceding side slope 2011；

The water penetration heap body 201 is that block stone, eco-concrete block or eco-concrete ball are piled up, hole Rate is more than 5%, and top is higher than navigation ordinary water level 30 to 50cm, and bottom is less than navigation ordinary water level at least 100cm, good water permeability, Large specific surface area has the function of certain adsorption cleaning and wave damping effect；Water penetration heap body 201 is coated with coating 202, institute It states coating 202 to be made of permeability flexibles gauze pads such as three-dimensional earthwork, flexible water drainage grid, fishing net, reinforced earth pads, cover Water penetration heap body 201 is covered and is wrapped up by cap rock 202, is on the one hand maintained the shape of water penetration heap body 201, is not influenced aquatic animal It creeps and passes through, on the other hand also protect 201 material of water penetration heap body not broken up into navigation channel, influence the positive normal open of ship Row.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, biology jogging 20 rear of channel is the biological buffer pool 21, and the biological buffer pool 21 is aquatic dynamic The migration of object land and water provides intermediate buffering, and 21 innermost depth of the biological buffer pool is 2 meters, and most shallow place's depth is 0.5 meter, and biology is slow The gradient for rushing 21 side slope of the pool is 1:3, enable amphibian passage with no difficulty.The pool, which is less than deeply at 1m, is provided with the protection of the first substrate Layer 212, the first substrate protective layer 212 is as the second substrate protective layer 321, and made of porous hydrophilic material, It can prevent ship wave when navigation high water level from washing away；The pool is more than kind of planting submerged plant 211 at 1m deeply, such as eel grass, watermifoil, the marshland full of water weeds Grass, hydrilla verticillata etc. build aquatic ecosystem, purify water.First is planted at navigation high water level up and down each 80cm elevations Emergent aquactic plant 213 disappears wave for biology.

As shown in Figure 1, this riverside zone also sets up land-based area intermediate zone 4, it is logical that land-based area intermediate zone 4 is located at ecological purification section, animal The rear of road compensator section, land-based area intermediate zone 4 be ecological purification section, animal corridor compensator section and navigation channel periphery farmland, pond, residence The intermediate zone of settlement, enterprise etc., in land-based area intermediate zone 4 growth have natural vegetation 402 or artificial growth Qiao, filling, rattan, bamboo, Grass etc., while being equipped in land-based area intermediate zone 4 and intercepting purification facility 401, for intercepting land-based area pollution of area source, reduce pollutant row Enter navigation channel, cut down into river pollution of area source, be effectively improved navigation channel water quality, intercepts purification facility 401 and grass planting ditch, non-irrigated small stream, rain can be used The forms such as spray garden, the wet pool and artificial swamp.

In the utility model, ecological purification section and animal corridor compensator section arranged for interval, wherein based on ecological purification section Structure, and animal corridor compensator section is supplementary structure, the length of ecological purification section is greater than animal corridor compensation segment length, ecology The length ratio of clean-up stage and animal corridor compensator section is preferably 10:1 to 20:Between 1.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, it is noted that for the common skill of the art For art personnel, without deviating from the technical principle of the utility model, several improvement and replacement can also be made, these change The scope of protection of the utility model is also should be regarded as into replacement.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of environmental riverside zone of navigable river, it is characterised in that：The riverside zone includes spaced along river Ecological purification section and animal corridor compensator section, the ecological purification section are equipped with barricade (31), animal corridor compensation Section includes biology jogging channel (20), and biology jogging channel (20) includes water penetration heap body (201), the water penetration Heap body (201) is formed with the preceding side slope (2011) towards river, and the gradient of the preceding side slope (2011) is delayed in 1:3.

2. ecotype riverside zone according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The water penetration heap body (201) be block stone, Eco-concrete block or eco-concrete ball are piled up, and water penetration heap body (201) is coated with coating (202), described Coating (202) is permeability flexible gauze pad.

3. ecotype riverside zone according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Animal corridor compensator section further includes biological buffer The pool (21), the biological buffer pool (21) are located at water penetration heap body (201) rear, the gradient of the biological buffer pool (21) side slope delay in 1:2.5。

4. ecotype riverside zone according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The pool bottom on the biological buffer pool (21) is set There is the first substrate protective layer (212) made of porous hydrophilic material, it is heavy that the interior also kind in the biological buffer pool (21) is implanted with Water plant (211) and the first emergent aquactic plant (213).

5. ecotype riverside zone according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Ecological purification section includes using porous hydrophilic Ecological deceleration strip (30), the ecological deceleration strip (30) made of material are located at the front of barricade (31).

6. ecotype riverside zone according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is wet that the rear of barricade (31) is equipped with wave eliminating and cleaning Ground (32), is equipped with the second substrate protective layer (321) made of porous hydrophilic material in wave eliminating and cleaning wetland (32), and second Substrate protective layer (321) on kind is implanted with the second emergent aquactic plant (322), and the rear of the second emergent aquactic plant (322) is equipped with by block stone, life State concrete block or eco-concrete ball are piled up into permeable shock-resistant layer (323).

7. ecotype riverside zone according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The barricade (31) includes upper layer rigid cage With lower layer's rigid cage, multiple wave cones (3121) that disappear are fixed with outside the upper layer rigid cage and lower layer's rigid cage, upper layer is rigid Property cage in equipped with upper layer gravel area (3122) and positioned at upper layer gravel area (3122) rear Nutrition Soil area (3123), lower layer rigidity It is located at the packing area (3125) at lower layer gravel area (3124) rear in cage equipped with lower layer gravel area (3124).

8. ecotype riverside zone according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The wave cone (3121) that disappears includes a vertebra Body is provided with conical core hole (3126) at the center of the centrum, foramina intervertebrale is additionally provided in upper layer rigid cage and lower layer's rigid cage (3127)。

9. ecotype riverside zone according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Upper layer gravel area (3122), lower layer gravel area (3124) gravel is filled in, the gravel diameter is 5 to 10 centimetres, gravel diameter in front of the barricade (31) to rear gradually Reduce, suspended biological column, suspended biological ball, suspension disc, zeolite or ceramic filter material are filled in the packing area (3125).