CN207435544U - Cladding nozzle and laser cladding apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is related to a kind of cladding nozzles, it includes nozzle and the body of a gun, nozzle is arranged on the bottom of the body of a gun, be provided in nozzle for cladding material by cladding passage and gas delivery channels for gas to pass through, gas delivery channels are disposed around the periphery of cladding passage, at least three and above air slot are provided on nozzle, air slot connects the body of a gun with gas delivery channels and is divided into epimere, interlude and hypomere three parts, epimere is provided with chamfering, interlude is provided with circular hole, hypomere is provided at least three and above via, is connected with the air slot on nozzle.Gas shield set is arranged on cladding nozzle, has gap to form gas delivery channels between protective case and cladding nozzle；Nozzle and cladding passage are coaxially arranged, and gas is uniformly ejected into cladding region by gas delivery channels, not only effectively prevents cladding layer from aoxidizing, and cools cladding passage to a certain extent, improves its service life.

Description

Cladding nozzle and laser cladding apparatus

Technical field

The utility model is related to a kind of cladding nozzle and laser cladding apparatus, belong to field of laser processing.

Background technology

Laser melting coating refers to place selected coating material warp on by cladding matrix surface with different adding material modes Laser irradiation is allowed to melt simultaneously with matrix surface a thin layer, and it is extremely low to form dilution factor after quickly solidifying, with matrix into metallurgy With reference to face coat, significantly improve the process of wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, heat-resisting, the anti-oxidant and electrical characteristic of substrate surface etc., So as to achieve the purpose that surface is modified or repairs.Laser melting coating can probably be divided into two major classes by the supply mode of cladding material, i.e., Preset laser cladding and synchronous mode laser melting coating.

1) preset laser cladding is the cladding position that cladding material is placed in substrate surface in advance, then using laser beam Irradiation scanning fusing, cladding material is added in the form of powder, silk, plate, wherein the most commonly used in the form of a powder；

2) synchronous mode laser melting coating is then that cladding material is sent directly into laser beam, and feed and cladding is made to complete simultaneously. Cladding material is also mainly to be sent into the form of a powder, and some also synchronizes feeding using wire rod or plate.

Synchronous feeding method is presently the most advanced laser melting and coating technique, it is greatly improved cladding quality, reduces cladding The dilution rate of layer and the heat affecting of base material can make required cladding energy reduce by one times or more, also easily compared with laser cladding It is automatically controlled in realization.Lateral feeding due to apart from each other by the outlet of the outlet of melt material and light, by melt material and light can Control property is preferably not in because of the phenomenon that being melted obstruction light-emitting window too early by melt material.Being limited in that for unilateral feeding style is sent Material is a direction, this so that machining locus can only be straight line when machined surface is plane, and cannot walk such as circle, side These curves such as shape are restricted convenience, flexibility that this kind of feed appliance work in-process uses.Coaxial feeding overcomes list The shortcomings that side feeding, can by by melt material uniformly disperse into it is ring-like converge again after be sent into the laser beam of focusing.

Chinese patent CN201823642U discloses a kind of coaxial powder-feeding nozzle for laser fusion and coating for including guiding protection air-flow, Guiding protection air-casing is socketed in the outside of powder set, and uses and be threadedly coupled with it.The guiding protection air-casing inner conical surface with Open guiding protection gas passage is formed between the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of powder set, several air inlets are uniformly arranged on guiding protection air-casing Hole, it is identical with being oriented to protection gas upper part of channel.

Although this coaxial powder-feeding nozzle for laser fusion and coating for including guiding air-flow has the following advantages that：

It is with the addition of external guiding protection air-flow, you can play the role of being oriented to line to powder stream, improve powder stream Convergence degree, and protection well can be provided laser molten pool, and nozzle operation is made more to stablize, extend nozzle uses the longevity Life.

But still remain following deficiency：

Gas passage is made of multiple air inlets, due to the presence of part foozle and rigging error, can not be ensured every The air pressure of a air inlet finally can not also ensure that the gas for being ejected into cladding region is uniform, so can not also protect as flow Card cladding layer does not aoxidize completely.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of a kind of cladding nozzle for protecting cladding layer not oxidized, so as to ensure Cladding efficiency.

In order to achieve the above objectives, the utility model provides following technical solution：A kind of cladding nozzle, which is characterized in that institute Stating cladding nozzle includes nozzle and the body of a gun, and the nozzle is arranged on the bottom of the body of a gun, is provided in the nozzle for cladding Material by cladding passage and gas delivery channels for gas to pass through, the gas delivery channels be disposed around the cladding and lead to The periphery in road.

Further, the gas delivery channels and the cladding passage are coaxially arranged.

Further, the nozzle includes nozzle body and the protective case being arranged on outside the nozzle body, the guarantor Gap is formed between sheath and nozzle body, the gap is the gas delivery channels.

Further, the protective case is set in the periphery of the nozzle body.

Further, at least three and above air slot, the air slot and the gas are provided on the nozzle Transfer passage connects.

Further, the body of a gun is divided into epimere, interlude and hypomere three parts, and the epimere is provided with chamfering, described Interlude is provided with circular hole, and the hypomere is provided at least three and above via, and the chamfering, circular hole and via connect, The via is connected with the air slot on the nozzle.

The utility model additionally provides a kind of laser cladding apparatus, for receiving incident beam and turning the incident beam Focus on light beam is changed into form focus on base material, which is characterized in that the laser cladding apparatus includes support base and positioned at institute The cladding nozzle described above below support base is stated, the support base is equipped with spectroscope and at least two reflection focus lamps, institute It states spectroscope to receive incident beam and the incident beam is reflected to form the reflected beams, the reflection focus lamp receives described anti- The reflected beams are simultaneously converted into focus on light beam by irradiating light beam.

Further, one end is provided with suction nozzle and is connected with the suction nozzle and is arranged on the branch on the support base The admission line connected on support seat and with the gas delivery channels of the cladding nozzle；The cladding nozzle and support frame as described above it Between be additionally provided with gasket, be provided on the gasket by the gas delivery channels connected with admission line allow air-flow by Via.

Further, the admission line, gas delivery channels and protective case are wrong with the focus on light beam, the reflected beams Position.

Further, it is provided with to finely tune the micromatic setting of the cladding nozzle position on the cladding nozzle, it is described Nozzle is arranged on the bottom of the body of a gun, and the micromatic setting is movably arranged on the top of the body of a gun, and can relatively described branch Seat is supportted to move；The micromatic setting includes at least one gasket and the fixed part being arranged at the top of the body of a gun, the gasket It is clamped between the fixed part and the support base.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are：The cladding nozzle and laser cladding apparatus of the utility model pass through in nozzle It is interior that gas delivery channels for gas to pass through are set, and the gas delivery channels are arranged to be disposed around to the periphery of cladding passage, So as to by gas injection to cladding region, not only effectively prevent cladding layer from aoxidizing by gas delivery channels, and certain journey Cladding passage is cooled on degree, improves its service life, helps to improve cladding efficiency；

Since the gas delivery channels on support base and light beam misplace completely, light beam can not be irradiated to gas delivery channels, So as to which the temperature of gas be effectively ensured, gas temperature is avoided to become higher, enables it that the protective gas in cold conditions not only to be allowed to be protected The correlated parts of cladding passage have been protected due to the temperature excessively high influence service life, while can also play the role of protecting cladding layer；

Since gas shield device of the admission line in support base only there are one pipeline composition and periphery is uniquely to connect It connects, so as to which gas be effectively ensured to the pressure and stability of flow in cladding region, avoids the oxidation in cladding region.

Above description is only the general introduction of technical solutions of the utility model, in order to better understand the skill of the utility model Art means, and being practiced according to the content of specification with the preferred embodiment of the utility model and coordinate attached drawing detailed below It describes in detail bright as after.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the laser cladding apparatus of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the nozzle of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is the partial structural diagram of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the body of a gun of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 a are another partial structural diagram of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 b are the another partial structural diagram of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is another partial structural diagram of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is the structure diagram of the melting-painting nozzle of Fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is the structure diagram of the waterway cooling system of Fig. 1.

Specific embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail.Below Embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention for illustrating the utility model.

1 is referred to, a preferred embodiment of the utility model provides a kind of laser cladding apparatus for receiving incident light The incident beam is simultaneously converted into focus on light beam to form focus on base material by beam, and the laser cladding apparatus includes support base 2 and the cladding nozzle 1 positioned at 2 lower section of the support base.The support base 2 is in cylinder, and the support base 2 has upper surface, The upper surface is provided with adjusting bracket 7, and the spectroscope groove of the fixed spectroscope 4 is recessed on the upper surface (non-label) is recessed the rack groove (non-label) of fixed each adjusting bracket 7 and the perforation support base Light exit 100.The support base 2 is equipped with spectroscope 4 and at least two and reflects focus lamp 5, and the reflection focus lamp 5 passes through Adjusting bracket 7 is fixed on the support base 2 and passes through fine tuning of the adjusting bracket 7 into row position, and the adjusting bracket 7 passes through branch Frame groove (non-label) is fixed on the support base 2；In the present embodiment, to reflect the number of focus lamp 5 and adjusting bracket 7 It is illustrated for three, really, in other embodiments, the number of the reflection focus lamp 5 and adjusting bracket 7 can also be two or four It is a and more than.The center vertical line of the support base 2 is Chong Die with the optical axis of the spectroscope 4, each rack groove compared with The spectroscope groove is uniformly arranged on the surrounding of the upper surface.The spectroscope 4 receives incident beam and by the incidence Light beam reflects to form the reflected beams, and the reflection focus lamp 5 receives the reflected beams and is converted into the reflected beams poly- Defocused laser beam, the focus on light beam form cladding through the light exit 100 for penetrating through the support base 2 and then on base material (not shown) Focus.It is additionally provided on the support base 2 for cooling system 6 of the cooling medium circulation flowing to cool down to the reflection focus lamp 5 And it is arranged on the support seat cover 8 on the support base 2.Described point of storage is formed between the support base 2 and the support seat cover 8 The storage space (non-label) of light microscopic 4 and reflection focus lamp 5, by the support base 2 and support seat cover 8 by the spectroscope 4 and instead Focus lamp 5 is penetrated to store, so that device overall structure collectivization, while play dust-proof effect.It opens at the top of the support seat cover 8 Equipped with the opening (non-label) that the storage space is made to be connected with outside, the support seat cover 8 is equipped with and the open butt joint Light siphunculus 9, the support base 2 are equipped with the smooth 9 fixed connector 10 of siphunculus, and the connector 10 is movably arranged on institute It states on support base 2, and the connector 10 makes relatively described 2 displacement of support base of the smooth siphunculus 9 and/or beat, and then change Position and angular relationship between the incident beam and the spectroscope 4.One end is provided with suction nozzle 3 on the support base 2 And the admission line 31 being arranged on the support base 2 being connected with the suction nozzle 3.In the present embodiment, the reflection is poly- The number of burnt mirror 5 is two, and really, in other embodiments, the number of the reflection focus lamp 5 can be more；It is described into Feed channel 31 is connected with 134 via 1341 of gasket, preferably to convey gas.

Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 is referred to, the cladding nozzle 1 includes nozzle 12 and the body of a gun 11, and the nozzle 12 is arranged on described The bottom of the body of a gun 11.Be provided in the nozzle 12 for cladding material by cladding passage 124 and gas for gas to pass through Transfer passage 122, the gas delivery channels 122 are disposed around the periphery of the cladding passage 124.The gas delivery channels 122 connect with admission line 31.The nozzle 12 includes nozzle body 12 and the protection being arranged on outside the nozzle body 12 Set 123, is formed with gap, the gap is the gas delivery channels between the protective case 123 and nozzle body 12 122, the gas delivery channels 122 and cladding passage 124 are coaxially arranged, ensure conveying gas uniform envelope cladding passage 124. The protective case 123 is set in the peripheral and coaxially arranged of the nozzle body 12, and protective gas is uniformly injected to cladding Region effectively prevents cladding zone oxidation.In conjunction with Fig. 2, corresponding gas delivery channels have been evenly arranged on protective case 123 122 air slots 121 set, the air slot 121 are arranged on the arrival end of gas delivery channels 122, and the air slot 121 carries Chamfering, gas to be facilitated smoothly to be flowed into inside gas delivery channels 122.123 upper surface of protective case and the body of a gun 11 lower surface contact, prevents gas from flowing out.In the present embodiment, it is arranged on the number of the air slot 121 on the nozzle 12 For three.Really, in other embodiments, the number of the air slot 121 is alternatively four, five and more, swashs by actual Depending on light cladding situation.

Refer to Fig. 5, the body of a gun 11 divides for epimere, interlude and hypomere three parts, and the epimere is provided with chamfering 111, the interlude is provided with circular hole (not shown), and the hypomere is provided at least three and the first above via 113, institute Chamfering 111, circular hole and the first via 113 to be stated to connect, first via 113 is connected with the air slot 121 on the nozzle 12, With the gas delivery channels 122 delivering a gas in the nozzle 12.In the present embodiment, the first mistake set on the hypomere The number in hole 113 is three.Really, in for his embodiment, the number of first via 113 be alternatively four, five and More than, by depending on the situation of practical laser cladding and the nozzle.There are three being set incorporated by reference to Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b, on the hypomere First via 113, first via 113 run through the hypomere, the position of first via 113 and the air slot 121 Position consistency to connect and convey gas.

Fig. 7 is referred to, light beam is incident upon by the smooth siphunculus in laser cladding apparatus, is divided into three through the spectroscope 4 Beam anaclasis is on the reflection focus lamp 5, then is reflected and projected from the light exit and described by the reflection focus lamp 5 It is integrated at nozzle 12.The gas delivery channels 122 being arranged in the cladding nozzle 1 are avoided with the light beam, will not generate heat Amount, and because gas own temperature is relatively low, can play the role of cooling down cladding nozzle 1 and cladding region, extend described molten Cover the service life of nozzle 1.

Fig. 8 is referred to, is additionally provided with to finely tune the micromatic setting of 1 position of cladding nozzle on the cladding nozzle 1 13, the nozzle 12 is arranged on the bottom of the body of a gun 11, and the micromatic setting 13 is movably arranged on the top of the body of a gun 11, It and can relatively described 2 displacement of support base.The gasket 134 is clamped between the fixed part 131 and the support base 2, described It is provided with gasket via 1341 on gasket 134, the gasket via 1341 is by the gas delivery channels 122 of the cladding nozzle 1 It is connected with admission line 31.The gasket via 1341 connects preferably to convey gas with the chamfering 111 of 11 epimere of the body of a gun Body.The gasket is contacted with the lower surface of support base 2 and the upper surface of the body of a gun 11, ensures that gas can only be in gas delivery channels Circulation in 122 reduces gas loss and prevents gas from running out of.The second via is offered on the gasket 134 and fixed part 131 132, second via 132 is interior inserted with vent stem 133 excessively, and the diameter of second via 132 is more than the vent stem 133 excessively Diameter.In the present embodiment, the micromatic setting 13 includes at least one gasket 134 and is arranged on 11 top of the body of a gun Fixed part 131, the vent stem 133 of crossing is via screw, and the via screw 133 is connected through a screw thread with the support base 2. In the present embodiment, illustrated using the quantity of the gasket 134 as two, really, in other embodiments, the number of the gasket 134 Amount can also be one or three and more than, its main purpose is to adjust the distance between cladding nozzle 1 and cladding focus.The gasket 134 are clamped between the fixed part 131 and the support base 2；The second via is offered on the gasket 134 and fixed part 132, second via 132 is interior to cross vent stem 133 inserted with second, and the diameter of second via 132 is more than second mistake The diameter of vent stem 133.Since the diameter of second via 132 is more than the described second diameter for crossing vent stem 133, so, it can lead to It crosses micromatic setting 13 described in micro-shifting and the cladding nozzle 1 is fastened by the described second vent stem 133 excessively so as to reach cladding nozzle 1 again The purpose circumferentially finely tuned is realized with respect to support base 2.In the present embodiment, described second crosses vent stem 133 as screw, second via Bar 133 is connected with the support base 2 by screw thread (not shown), by using be threadedly coupled with facilitate adjust second cross vent stem with The connection relation of support base.Really, in other embodiments, which can also be other fasteners.

In the present embodiment, the body of a gun 11 has side wall (non-label) and the wire feed chamber for setting and being formed is enclosed by the side wall (not shown).Silk material is located at the feeding intracavitary, and the wire feed chamber extends along the longitudinally of the side wall.The one of the side wall Side is provided with lengthwise opening 14, and the lengthwise opening 14 extends along the longitudinally of the side wall.

9 are referred to, first cooling system 6 of the utility model includes the pipeline 61 and shape of three reflection focus lamps 4 of connection Into the cooling duct (not shown) in each reflection focus lamp 4, each pipeline 61 is docked with the cooling duct. Each pipeline 61 is provided at both ends with water pipe pin end 611；The both sides of each cooling duct are equipped with passway 62, often A passway 62 is equipped with the water pipe female connector 621 docked with the water pipe pin end 611.In the present embodiment, wherein One end of two water pipes 61 is respectively defined as the first water inlet 612 and the first water outlet 613, first water inlet 612 and first water outlet 613 be arranged on the support seat cover (not shown).It can be realized to institute by first cooling system 6 The cooling-down effect of reflection focus lamp 4 is stated, the thermal deformation of reflection focus lamp 4 is reduced, improves its service life；Meanwhile by first into 612 and first water outlet 613 of the mouth of a river is arranged on support seat cover, it is facilitated directly to be connected with external water system, is avoided because anti- It dismantles again and influences the accuracy of device, and improve work efficiency.

In summary：Above-mentioned cladding nozzle 1 and laser cladding apparatus in nozzle 12 by setting gas for gas to pass through Body transfer passage 122, and the gas delivery channels 122 are arranged to be disposed around to the periphery of cladding passage 124, so as to pass through gas Gas injection to cladding region is not only effectively prevented cladding layer from aoxidizing, and cooled to a certain extent by transfer passage 122 Cladding passage 124 improves its service life, helps to improve cladding efficiency；

Since the gas delivery channels 122 on support base 2 and light beam misplace completely, it is logical that light beam can not be irradiated to gas conveying Road 122 so as to which the temperature of gas be effectively ensured, avoids gas temperature from becoming higher, it is made not only to allow the protective gas in cold conditions The correlated parts of cladding passage 124 can be protected due to the temperature excessively high influence service life, while can also play protection cladding layer Effect；

Since 31 gas shield devices there are one pipeline composition and periphery of admission line in support base 2 are unique Connection, so as to which gas be effectively ensured to the pressure and stability of flow in cladding region, avoids the oxidation in cladding region.

Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, to make description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited In contradiction, the scope that this specification is recorded all is considered to be.

Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the utility model, and description is more specific and detailed, But therefore it can not be interpreted as the limitation to utility model patent scope.It should be pointed out that the common skill for this field For art personnel, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, various modifications and improvements can be made, these are belonged to The scope of protection of the utility model.Therefore, the protection domain of the utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of cladding nozzle, which is characterized in that the cladding nozzle includes nozzle and the body of a gun, and the nozzle is arranged on the rifle The bottom of body, be provided in the nozzle for cladding material by cladding passage and gas delivery channels for gas to pass through, The gas delivery channels are disposed around the periphery of the cladding passage.

2. cladding nozzle as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the gas delivery channels and the cladding passage are coaxial Arrangement.

3. cladding nozzle as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the nozzle includes nozzle body and is arranged on the spray The protective case of mouth body exterior, is formed with gap between the protective case and nozzle body, the gap conveys for the gas Passage.

4. cladding nozzle as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the protective case is set in the outer of the nozzle body It encloses.

5. cladding nozzle as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that at least three are provided on the nozzle and above is led Air drain, the air slot are connected with the gas delivery channels.

6. cladding nozzle as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the body of a gun is divided into epimere, interlude and hypomere three Point, the epimere is provided with chamfering, and the interlude is provided with circular hole, and the hypomere is provided at least three and above mistake Hole, the chamfering, circular hole and via connection, the via are connected with the air slot on the nozzle.

7. a kind of laser cladding apparatus, for receiving incident beam and the incident beam being converted into focus on light beam in base material Upper formation focus, which is characterized in that the laser cladding apparatus include support base and below the support base such as right It is required that the cladding nozzle in 1~6 described in any one, the support base is equipped with spectroscope and at least two reflection focus lamps, The spectroscope receives incident beam and the incident beam is reflected to form the reflected beams, described to reflect described in focus lamp reception The reflected beams are simultaneously converted into focus on light beam by the reflected beams.

8. laser cladding apparatus as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that on the support base one end be provided with suction nozzle and The air inlet for being connected with the suction nozzle and being arranged on the support base and being connected with the gas delivery channels of the cladding nozzle Pipeline；Gasket is additionally provided between the cladding nozzle and support frame as described above, is provided on the gasket and conveys the gas What passage was connected with admission line allow air-flow by via.

9. laser cladding apparatus as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the admission line, gas delivery channels and guarantor Sheath misplaces with the focus on light beam, the reflected beams.

10. laser cladding apparatus as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that be provided with to finely tune on the cladding nozzle The micromatic setting of the cladding nozzle position, the nozzle are arranged on the bottom of the body of a gun, the micromatic setting activity installation At the top of the body of a gun, and can relatively described support base displacement；The micromatic setting includes at least one gasket and setting Fixed part at the top of the body of a gun, the gasket are clamped between the fixed part and the support base.