CN207114261U - A kind of water and soil conservation value cell runoff and sediment continuous sampling measures save set - Google Patents
A kind of water and soil conservation value cell runoff and sediment continuous sampling measures save set Download PDFInfo
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- CN207114261U CN207114261U CN201720714637.6U CN201720714637U CN207114261U CN 207114261 U CN207114261 U CN 207114261U CN 201720714637 U CN201720714637 U CN 201720714637U CN 207114261 U CN207114261 U CN 207114261U
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Abstract
A kind of water and soil conservation value cell runoff and sediment continuous sampling measurement save set is the utility model is related to, including：Installed in sampling subsystem, measurement subsystem, sample storage subsystem, control subsystem, the power subsystem having on four sides in the casing of shutter, subsystem and rainfall sensor are cleared up；Multiple sample buckets being looped around according to water intaking situation and around the annular sampling crawler belt of intermittent rotary, described sample bucket are connected by automatic unlocking mechanism with annular sampling crawler belt.The utility model is by setting the sample bucket of a whole set of auto recycling, sample bucket is constantly sampled by annular sampling crawler belt to runoff caused by cell, and record sampling number, each sampling is accurately measured by measuring subsystem simultaneously, realize completely unmanned automatic sampling and automatic measurement, scientific research personnel's field work amount is greatly reduced, has saved manpower and use cost.
Description
Technical field
A kind of water and soil conservation value cell runoff and sediment continuous sampling measurement save set is the utility model is related to, is a kind of
Hydrological experiment device, it is a kind of device using water and soil conservation value cell runoff.
Background technology
Water and soil conservation value cell is established, it is to carry out research soil and water conservation, water and soil to carry out appointed place soil loss monitoring
Soil erosion treatment, and the Main Means such as production and construction project prevention and control of soil erosion.The floor projection size one of standard monitoring cell
As be the wide 5m of long 20m, set out the mouth of a river in downstream middle part.Its runoff and sediment process monitoring is mainly entered using equivalent shunting principle
Monitoring of the row based on secondary rainfall.Laid in the delivery port position of cell and accept pond or accept bucket, united accepting on the outside of pond
One level height sets multiple identical delivery ports, then accesses the runoff and sediment of one of delivery port.Treat a runoff and sediment
After process terminates, the run-off and quantity of sand and mud of single delivery port are obtained by the way of manual measurement, is then multiplied by delivery port
The water and silt accepted in pond are counted and added, is the runoff yield and sediment production of this rainfall.
Aforesaid way be there are problems that as follows in the application：（1）Water and soil conservation value cell is avoids Human disturbance, typically
Build in remote and position that is having inconvenient traffic, complete after once monitoring, it is difficult to clear up silt and supervised for sediment process next time
Survey is prepared.（2）Total production water, the husky monitoring of production can only be carried out, it is difficult to production water, the husky process monitoring of production are realized, in order to obtain water sand
Process is, it is necessary to staff on duty, the uncertainty flowed yet with rainfall and production, it tends to be difficult to obtain runoff and sediment process monitoring machine
Meeting, and obtain data.（3）The runoff of acquisition, silt data are often inaccurate, and reference role is limited.It is primarily due to by rainfall
Strength Changes, and monitoring cell delivery port position, the influence for accepting pond position etc., when monitoring cell out of flow procedure size variation
Accepting the water level condition in pond, sedimentation condition etc. can change, and cause the out of flow procedure and silt content mistake of delivery port
There is larger difference in journey so that the run-off of the more long then single delivery port of Rainfall-runoff process and the representativeness of quantity of sand and mud are poorer.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome problem of the prior art, the utility model proposes a kind of water and soil conservation value cell runoff and sediment company
Continuous sampling and measuring save set.Described device can realize automated high-precision measurement, automatic continuous sampling, automation cleaning
And maintenance, realize the monitoring of automation.
What the purpose of this utility model was realized in：A kind of water and soil conservation value cell runoff and sediment continuous sampling measurement
Save set, including：Installed in have on four sides the sampling sub-device having at the top of shutter in the casing of water-collecting tray, measurement sub-device,
Sample storage sub-device, control sub-device, power supply sub-device, clear up sub-device and rainfall sensor；It is multiple to be looped around basis
The annular sample bucket sampled around crawler belt of water intaking situation and intermittent rotary, described sample bucket pass through automatic unlocking mechanism and ring
Shape sampling crawler belt connection；Described sampling sub-device is additionally provided with the sample tap being connected with cell runoff delivery port pipeline, described
Sample tap is directed at the suitable for reading of sample bucket and is provided with preliminary survey water-level gauge, and described preliminary survey water-level gauge is with controlling sub-device to be electrically connected
Connect, described control sub-device and the motor connection for driving annular sampling crawler belt operation, meter is provided with described control sub-device
Calculate the timer of a rainwater full sample bucket time and a rainfall fills the metering device of sample bucket number；Described sample is deposited
Storage sub-device is the sample storage area provided with serpentine track, and described serpentine track starting point is located at the stop position of a sample bucket
On, described serpentine track starting point is provided with annular storage crawler belt.
Further, described sampler barrel is that top is inverted round stage, and bottom is cylinder, and bottom is provided with valve, cylindrical portion
It is arranged with least two fastening rings.
Further, the round platform part of described sampler barrel is provided with the arcs of recesses fixing slot being engaged with track.
Further, described measurement sub-device includes：Annular samples crawler belt lowering mechanism and is arranged on a sampler barrel
Track in stop position, described track are provided with repetition measurement water-level gauge, ultrasonic vibrator and weighing sensor, described sampling
Cylinder is provided with Quick Response Code, and two-dimensional code reader is provided with described control sub-device.
Further, described power supply sub-device includes, and battery, described battery is connected with solar panel.
Further, described cleaning sub-device includes：The retractable vibrations ring being arranged in a sampler barrel stop position
And automatic flushing device.
Further, described automatic cleaning machine includes：It is arranged on the water-collecting tray of the casing top, described water-collecting tray
Be connected with the storage tank pipeline with filter, described storage tank is connected with flushing pump pipeline, described flushing pump with can
The shower nozzle of automatic telescopic is connected, and the dividing plate arranged in length and breadth is provided with the water-collecting tray.
Further, data acquisition and memory are provided with described control sub-device, and passes through network and remote control
Center connects.
Beneficial effect is caused by the utility model：The utility model is by setting the sampling of a whole set of auto recycling
Bucket, sample bucket is constantly sampled by annular sampling crawler belt to runoff caused by cell, and records sampling number, is led to simultaneously
Cross measurement sub-device accurately to measure each sampling, realize completely unmanned automatic sampling and automatic measurement, pass through
To sampling the accurate measurement of number and being precisely weighed to the water in each sample bucket and silt, realize to cell runoff and sediment
The full automation sampling and accurate measurement of process, greatly reduce scientific research personnel's field work amount, have saved manpower and use
Cost.
Brief description of the drawings
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the described device of embodiment one of the present utility model；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that sub-device is sampled described in embodiment one of the present utility model；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the serpentine track described in embodiment one of the present utility model；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the sample bucket described in the utility model embodiment two；
Fig. 5 is the sample bucket structural representation with concave arc described in the utility model embodiment three；
Fig. 6 is the power supply sub-device structural representation described in the utility model embodiment five；
Fig. 7 is the cleaning sub-device structural representation described in the utility model embodiment six.
Embodiment
Embodiment one：
The present embodiment is a kind of water and soil conservation value cell runoff and sediment continuous sampling measurement save set, as shown in Figure 1.
The present embodiment includes：Installed in there is the top of shutter 701 to have the sampling sub-device 1 in the casing 7 of water-collecting tray 702, measurement on four sides
Sub-device 2, sample storage sub-device 3, control sub-device 4, power supply sub-device 6, clear up sub-device 5, and rainfall sensor 8,
As shown in Figure 1.Multiple sample buckets being looped around according to water intaking situation and around the annular sampling crawler belt of intermittent rotary, described takes
Sample bucket is connected by automatic unlocking mechanism with annular sampling crawler belt.Described sampling sub-device is additionally provided with and cell runoff delivery port
The sample tap 101 of pipeline connection, described sample tap are directed at the suitable for reading of sample bucket 102 and are provided with preliminary survey water-level gauge 103, institute
The preliminary survey water-level gauge stated electrically connects with control sub-device, and described control sub-device is with driving sampling annular sampling crawler belt 104 to transport
Capable motor connection（As shown in Fig. 2 only depicting a sample bucket in limitation Fig. 2 due to doing figure, should have in practice multiple
Sample bucket is centered around around annular sampling crawler belt）, it is provided with described control sub-device when calculating rainwater and filling a sample bucket
Between timer and rainfall fill the metering device of sample bucket number；Described sample storage sub-device is provided with serpentine track
301（As shown in Figure 3）Sample storage area 302, described serpentine track starting point is located in the stop position of a sample bucket, described
Serpentine track starting point be provided with annular storage crawler belt 303.
Water and soil conservation value cell described in the present embodiment（Referred to as：Cell）It is a kind of to be arranged side by side in the wild multiple
Cell body is tilted, cell body is generally constructed with cement or other materials impervious to water, wherein having filled the soil of experiment, formation carries
Domatic soil water experiment area.Cell predominantly detects the rainwater effect domatic to soil.Cell lower end sets the structure for receiving runoff,
All rainwater on domatic will be collected together, exported by pipeline.The present embodiment is then the rainwater for collecting these,
Including domatic caused runoff and the rainwater directly fallen, measure together, obtain the data of slope runoff and erosion sediment process.
The present embodiment is the environment independence automation equipment of an adaptation field work, without human attendance, it is possible to even
Continue the tens of days of work or more than several months, or even 1 year.This autonomous system has the casing of protection equipment safe and stable operation, from
To self-sustaining power-supply system, and the water supply cleaning sub-device of oneself.Described casing contains most equipment wherein.
Because whole device carries various electronic and automation equipment, event occurs to prevent from drenching electronic equipment in rainfall
Barrier, can set Rainproof box body.Rainproof box body material is plastics or stainless steel, and sets shutter in the middle part of four sides and lead to
Air regulator.The upper lateral part of casing one sets the rain-proof control panel of automaton.In casing can by the shutter on casing with
Extraneous air UNICOM, and by certain isolation means, make to keep cleaning clean working environment in casing.
Due to being the electronics of field work and the equipment of mechanical bond, it is necessary to set power supply.Described power supply sub-device can
To be the variable-voltage power supply system that is electrically connected with city or using natural force, if solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, current etc.
The electric energy of natural force ability conversion, using accumulators store electric energy, is used when rainfall detects.
Sampling sub-device described in the present embodiment is the mechanism of a set of water receiving and metering run-off, and the main body of this set mechanism is
One annular sampling crawler belt, there is multiple sample buckets, each sample bucket when it is suitable for reading it is intensive be arranged side by side, one by one, so as to energy
Enough current by sample tap outflow are collected completely, are not spilt as far as possible outside sample bucket.
Annular sampling crawler belt is driven by stepper motor to be rotated, and the motion of interval can be produced, when a sample bucket is by runoff
After filling, stepper motor drives annular one section of caterpillar drive of sampling, and another sample bucket is placed on below water outlet, continues collection and takes
Sample, endless track sample continuous intermittent movement, and sample bucket constantly measure by the water receiving below delivery port, formation one by one for drive
The function of water and silt.
Annular sampling crawler belt is provided with grab, and grab is combined with the fastening ring on sample bucket, formed it is annular sample crawler belt and
The bindiny mechanism of sample bucket.When sample bucket needs to depart from annular sampling crawler belt, annular sampling crawler belt can be used to decline, sampling
Bucket lifts up, and grab departs from fastening ring, and sample bucket and annular sampling crawler belt depart from.
Preliminary survey water-level gauge can be set on sample tap, measure the height of water level in sample bucket, after reaching certain height, just
Survey water-level gauge and notify control sub-device, control sub-device then controls annular sampling caterpillar drive, made just in the sample bucket of water receiving
Remove, change an empty sample bucket and continue water receiving.Preliminary survey water-level gauge and repetition measurement water-level gauge can use ultrasonic water level gauge, or its
He can export the Water level measuring sensor of electric signal.
Sample bucket is shaped as reverse frustoconic and cylinder combination.Round platform upper end diameter D1, lower end diameter D2, lower termination h2
The cylinder of height, round estrade Partial Height h3.The position of upper end 1/5 sets concave arc fixing slot, and lower end sets hinge and is connected the bottom of with
And sealing, and realize fixing and the sealed bottom for sampling crawler belt with annular automatically in transmission process.Stepper motor is through driving cog
Wheel drive annular sampling crawler belt moves in a circle.Annular sampling crawler belt sets sample bucket fixing slot, annular sampling crawler belt every 50cm
Straight section 1m grows, and segmental arc is diameter 1m semicircle.Ultrasonic preliminary survey water-level gauge is used to monitor water surface elevation in sample bucket, by control son dress
Put high-frequency and read waterlevel data, reach setting water level, control driving stepper motor annular sampling crawler belt to terminate to sample immediately.Together
When prepare sampling next time.
Sample bucket can also be other shapes, such as cylinder, or polygonal prism shape etc..
The effect for measuring sub-device is accurately to be measured the sample in sample bucket, and the project of measurement includes：Sample
Weight sample bucket in accurate water level etc..
Wherein the weight of sample should remove the weight of sample bucket in itself, and this just needs the accurate measurement between sampling to take
The weight of sample bucket, because sample bucket is Reusability, internal after each use is difficult the very clean of cleaning, therefore is made every time
Weight after may be all not quite alike, and therefore, before sampling, empty sample bucket should be weighed, after sampling, to
The sample bucket of sample weigh after it is necessary to subtract sampling before empty sample bucket weight.This just needs that each sample bucket is identified,
Knowledge can set Quick Response Code, or the mode of other marks to be identified on each sample bucket otherwise.
Measurement on water level：When sample bucket samples, there is preliminary survey water-level gauge to be monitored the water level in sample bucket, one
Denier reaches the water level of requirement, then stops sampling, this is preliminary survey water level.The purpose for setting preliminary survey water level is to go out stream to adapt to difference
Flow, ensure the validity of sampling：Avoid sampling excess when the deficiency of sampling amount during low discharge and big flow.The work(of preliminary survey water level
Can its mainly control sample bucket in water level, it is impossible to cover the height of sample bucket, can not sampling amount very little, otherwise just can not
Accurate measure runoff and quantity of sand and mud.But preliminary survey water level is inaccurate, because in the process of preliminary survey being carried out in sampling
, that is, current are going into sample bucket, when water-level gauge calculates water level, water level constantly changes, and perceives and reaches when water-level gauge
It in also certain reaction time, can be just that sample bucket leaves sample position during predetermined water level, change next sample bucket sampling.This
The section reaction time has some gaps due to a variety of causes, and these gaps have resulted in the water level of each sample bucket not fully one
The problem of cause.Another influence sample bucket in water-head it is different be：It is not only that water also has silt and soil block in the sample.It is each
Silt and soil block in sample bucket influence water level, cause the difference of the water level sampling condition in each sample bucket.Therefore, in essence
The mode of vibration of ultrasonic wave is really preferred before measurement water level, will be shatter, and silt is homogenized, so eliminate each take
Water level sampling difference in sample bucket, the relation between water level and weight can be accurately measured, it is determined that the parameters of sampling.
Therefore, in sub-device is measured, it is necessary to set sample bucket mark, such as Quick Response Code, while to set and accurately weigh
Facility, and repetition measurement water-level gauge, water level in sample bucket is tried again accurate measurement using repetition measurement water-level gauge.
Described preliminary survey water-level gauge and repetition measurement water-level gauge can use ultrasonic water level gauge, or other similar can be produced
The water-level gauge of electronic data signals.
Measurement sub-device is arranged on one of sample bucket referred to as in the stop position of measurement zone：Into after measurement zone, under guide rail
Recessed, abduction, scheme 1：Bottom 15cm fixes with ultrasonic vibration ring, carries out ultrasonic vibration 5 seconds, unclamps fastening ring；Scheme 2：Ultrasound
Electromagnetic shaker enters vibrations 5 seconds in sample bucket；Subsequently into Weighing Area, the guide rail of Weighing Area is recessed, abduction, falls sample bucket and is claiming
On galassing platform, weighing platform divides into weight sensor, records water sample+sample bucket weight, is measured and recorded using repetition measurement water-level gauge
Water sample height in sample bucket.Measurement is finished, and sample bucket is sent into guide rail by weighing unit reach.
The effect of sample storage sub-device is to store some sample buckets randomly selected in sampling process to deposit as sample
Storage is got off, to be further analyzed.Sample storage sub-device using sample bucket top concave arc fixing slot and lead
Rail carries out close-packed arrays and transmission.In the serpentine-like close-packed arrays in area in preparation before sampling, in the snakelike close-packed arrays in storage area after sampling.
Snakelike arrangement is to increase multiple turnings of track, and more sample buckets are stored as far as possible in relatively small space.
The effect of cleaning sub-device is will to have already passed through the sample bucket that is not intended to storage after weighing measurement to discharge water therein
And silt, sample and use as next round.When sample bucket reaches cleaning positions with annular sampling crawler belt, sample bucket is opened
Bottom, and carry out the once reciprocal cleaning at 2/3 position under its inwall.Clean sub-device include storage tank, water pump, aqueduct, by
The flexible shower nozzle of motor driven.The water source of cleaning, can be the rainfall collected.By setting water-collecting tray to collect in casing top
Rainwater, it is stored in after filtering in storage tank and is used as water source.Increase hydraulic pressure using water pump, make under shower nozzle injection water cleaning sample bucket
2/3 region.Moved in circles under the drive of motor several times, sample bucket cleaned up, after weigh it is stand-by.It is dry to clean
Only, cleaning sub-device can set ultrasonic vibrator, the sample bucket vibrations in cleaning be driven, by the silt and water in sample bucket
It is fully erased.
It is the electronic equipment for having data processing and data memory function to control sub-device, can be common PC computers, or
Person is industrial computer, or embedded system etc..Control sub-device can be connected by network with control centre, to save energy
Source, rainfall sensor can be set, in the case of no rainfall, control sub-device in a dormant state, when rainfall occurs,
Rainfall sensor wakes up the information for sending rainfall to control sub-device and starting, and opens control sub-device.
Sub-device is controlled also to record and store drop in addition to the operation of control annular sampling crawler belt and annular storage crawler belt
Rain time started t1, rainfall intensity i, rainfall p, cell delivery port flowing-out time t2 is monitored, when sample bucket accesses water sample and started
Between each item data such as t3, end time t4.Control sub-device will also control ultrasonic transducer to carry out ultrasound to water sample in sample bucket
Vibrations, depth of water h1 in the sample bucket of repetition measurement water-level gauge measure is also recorded, record sample bucket+water sample weight mAlways, control opening to take
Sample barrel soleplate, sample bucket is emptied, control force (forcing) pump and miniature cleaning sprayer back and forth to clean sample bucket, record sample bucket weight mBucket。
Control sub-device also to calculate clear water amount, quantity of sand and mud, silt content according to formula, realized according to set value calculation stepper motor automatic
Interval sampling encrypts sampling according to rainfall intensity.
Embodiment two：
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment one, is refinement of the embodiment one on sample bucket.Taking described in the present embodiment
The top of sample bucket is inverted round stage 1021, and bottom is cylinder 1022, and bottom is provided with valve 1023, and column part is provided with least two
Fastening ring 1024, as shown in Figure 4.
Sample bucket can use stainless steel or highstrenghtpiston to make.Valve can use electromagnetic switch control to beat on and off
Close.The effect of fastening ring and the grab 1041 of annular sampling crawler belt coordinate, and grab is hooked on fastening ring, and annular sampling crawler belt can
To drive sample bucket to run.Shell ring can set 2-4, set shell ring more, can make annular sampling crawler belt and sample bucket
It is more firm with reference to obtaining, but shell ring excessively can also make device excessively complicated, easily produce failure.
Embodiment three：
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment on sample bucket.Described in the present embodiment
The round platform part of sample bucket be provided with the arcs of recesses fixing slot 1025 that is engaged with track, such as Fig. 5.
The effect of arcs of recesses snap-ring groove is coordinated with track 105, and track is embedding in a groove, sampling groove is slided along track
It is dynamic.
Example IV：
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment on measuring sub-device.The present embodiment
Described measurement sub-device includes：Annular sampling crawler belt lowering mechanism 1042 and the track for being arranged on annular sampling crawler belt side,
Described track is provided with repetition measurement water-level gauge 107, ultrasonic vibrator and weighing sensor 106, and described sample bucket is provided with
Quick Response Code, two-dimensional code reader is provided with described control sub-device, as shown in Figure 5.
Annular sampling crawler belt lowering mechanism can move up and down annular sampling crawler belt（Such as the direction of arrow in Fig. 5）, make ring
Shape samples crawler belt and combined with sample bucket with separating.
When annular sampling crawler belt lifts, grab hooks the fastening ring on sample bucket, enables annular sampling crawler belt
Sample bucket movement is driven, when annular sampling crawler belt is fallen, sample bucket is combined with track, weighing sensor, repetition measurement on track
Water-level gauge and ultrasonic vibrator carry out vibration of ultrasonic wave to sample bucket and weighed, and also to carry out two to sample bucket before weighing
Barcode scanning is tieed up, to obtain the information such as the accurate weight of the sample bucket.Silt and clod after vibration of ultrasonic wave in water are shattered and
It is even, often change water level, therefore, the present embodiment is also provided with repetition measurement water-level gauge in regulation, using repetition measurement water-level gauge to taking
Water level in sample bucket carries out accurate measurement again.
Embodiment five：
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment on power supply sub-device.The present embodiment
Described power supply sub-device includes, and battery, described battery is connected with solar panel 601, as shown in Figure 6.
The present embodiment uses solar energy as main energy sources.By solar cell, absorb solar energy and be converted to
Electrical power storage is in battery.Solar cell is typically mounted on high bar top, to receive more sunlight, can also install
On the top of building or structure, such as the roofing in house, the top of tower structures etc..Battery can be with solar cell
It is installed together, may be mounted at box house, preferably to be protected.
Embodiment six：
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment on cleaning sub-device.The present embodiment
The cleaning sub-device includes：Retractable the vibrations ring 107 and automatic flushing device being arranged in a sample bucket stop position, such as scheme
Shown in 7.
It is retractable vibrations ring effect be：When the valve of sample bucket is opened, water and silt outflow in sample bucket
Sample bucket, in order to clean out, in retractable vibrations cyclization（The direction of arrow in Fig. 6）, sample bucket is blocked, and start to shake, will
Water and the silt vibrations being bonded in sample bucket are fallen, and coordinate automatic cleaning machine to clean up sample bucket.
Embodiment seven：
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment on automatic cleaning machine.This
Automatic cleaning machine described in embodiment includes：The flushing pump 1081 being connected with water supply line, described flushing pump with can be automatic
Flexible shower nozzle 1082 connects, as shown in Figure 7.
The effect of automatic cleaning machine is to be cleaned out the silt in sample bucket by the water column of pressurization, the pressure of water column by
Water pump provides, and water source can collect rainfall as water source, rainfall is stored in after filtering standby in storage tank, and flushing is to pass through
Water pump pressurizes, and is sprayed by shower nozzle.Shower nozzle, which is arranged on, is capable of on the pipe of automatic telescopic, makes shower nozzle can be with Telescopic rotating, to sampling
Bucket inwall is comprehensively rinsed up and down.
Embodiment eight：
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment on controlling sub-device.This
Data acquisition and memory are provided with control sub-device described in embodiment, and is connected by network with remote control center.
The data acquisition unit and memory described in sub-device are controlled, can be special store circuit, can also be attached
In band program in the microprocessor or accompanying memory block.
Remote control center can be the system of similar BS/CS types, or data-sharing systems.
Embodiment nine：
The present embodiment is a kind of continuously to be taken using the water and soil conservation value cell runoff and sediment of above-described embodiment described device
Sample measures store method, as follows the step of described method：
（One）The step of parameter setting：By the downstream that sampling and measuring device installation outdoor cell is domatic, sample bucket water is set
Position height, observing frequency parameters.Due to being automation equipment, it is to need to be installed according to surrounding environment in installation, keeps away
Exempt from excessively humidity, physical features is too low and is submerged, and wind-force excessive can not influence sampling and measurement.
（Two）The step of storing electric energy：There is sunlight weather, solar panel is collected solar energy, deposited after being converted to electric energy
At this moment storage controls sub-device to be in the few resting state of power consumption in battery.It is best due to being completely self-contained device
Using self-centered supply unit, the energy is such as obtained by solar energy, or the energy is obtained by wind-force, is stored in battery
In.
（Three）The step of wake-up：When rainfall starts, described rainfall sensor wakes up control sub-device, controls sub-device quilt
Establish and contact with remote management center after wake-up；Meanwhile water-collecting tray starts to collect rainwater, is stored in after filtering standby in storage tank
With.
For save the energy, in the case of no rainfall, whole device should be at resting state, except rainfall sensor it
Outside, other equipment is all stopped, and in particular for the control sub-device of continuous power consumption, therefore, wakes up and passes when rainfall occurs
Sensor sends signal, and control sub-device is waken up, and after control sub-device wakes up, starts to be controlled whole device, starts work
Make, while net connection is established with remote management center, notice remote management center rainfall starts, and will enter sampling and measurement
Work.
（Four）The step of sampling and measurement rainfall：When cell produces runoff, preliminary survey water-level gauge is with the frequency of at least 50 times/second
The water level in sample bucket is measured, sub-device start recording delivery port contributing time timing is controlled, when the water level in sample bucket reaches
During setting value, control sub-device stops timing and drives annular sampling crawler belt to rotate, and next sample bucket is entered under sample tap
Side, sample into next round, so move in circles, control sub-device constantly records sampling number and the delivery port production of sample bucket
The time is flowed, as metering run-off, the foundation of silt content, and it is in long-distance management system that these data, which are sent,.
The process of sampling must be very accurate, therefore, the water in measuring sample bucket by water-level gauge when sampling
Position, once having reached desired height, startup sampling annular sampling crawler belt is left, changes the sample bucket of water intaking.Due to sample bucket
In water and quantity of sand and mud by accurate measurement below, therefore, as long as the number that metering sample bucket is changed, it is possible to accurate to calculate
Go out run-off.
Setting value is the water level value pre-set, and normal water place value is more lower slightly than the height of sample bucket, can thus make
Water level after sampling in sample bucket is slightly below the upper limb of sample bucket, and the sufficiently stable reservation of sample can has been fallen in sample bucket,
It will not be shaken out because of moving for sample bucket in sample bucket.But this water level value can not be too low, too low, influences sampling efficiency,
Typically highly it is advisable in 80-90% sample bucket.
Sample and measurement process in, control sub-device constantly records measurement data, and by these data storages, simultaneously
Remote management center is sent data to, can also will be transmitted after rainfall after data summarization to remote management center, to save
Internet resources.
（Five）The step of accurate measurement：After sampler barrel water intaking, accurately determined in next stop position：Control first
The two-dimensional code reader of device reads the Quick Response Code that the sampler barrel weight is carried on sampler barrel, while annular sampling crawler belt declines,
Sampler barrel is set to fall in orbit, the ultrasonic vibrator on track carries out vibration of ultrasonic wave to sampling water, to exclude the sky in water
Gas, and the bulk soil that water sample is brought is crushed, after vibrations, weighing sensor is weighed to sampler barrel, after removing sampler barrel weight
Obtain accurately sampling weight, the sample bucket depth of water and accurate sampling weight of control sub-device record and storage repetition measurement, concurrently
Deliver to remote management center.
For the accurate water and silt weight weighed in sample bucket, it is necessary first to remove the weight of sample bucket in itself, take
Sample bucket in itself after sample bucket is cleaned weighed in advance by middle weight, can so be ensured, even if there is residue in sample bucket
Silt do not clean out, its weight does not interfere with the measurement accuracy washed once yet.When annular sampling crawler belt is fallen, annular
Grab on sampling crawler belt is not undertaking the weight of sample bucket, and the total weight of sample bucket falls on track, shaking on track
Dynamic device starts to shake, and the bulk silt in water is shatter, water and silt is uniformly mixed, is at this moment being weighed, it is possible to ten
Divide and accurately obtain the weight of water and silt.Accurate repetition measurement is carried out to the water level in sample bucket after weighing, because ultrasonic wave shakes
It is dynamic, the bulk soil in water is crushed, is well mixed silt and water, in other words by water level measuring condition one in each sample bucket
Causeization, so it is more beneficial for the accurate parameters for calculating sample.
The calculation formula of sample bucket reclaimed water and silt weight：
The water and silt sample cumulative volume obtained according to depth of water h1 calculating in sample bucket：
During h1≤h2：VAlways=3.14×h2×（D2/2）2
During h1 ＞ h2：VAlways=3.14×h2×（D2/2）2 + 1/3 π (h1-h2) (（D1）2+（D2）2+D1×D2)/4
According to sample bucket+water sample quality mAlwaysAnd mBucketThe water and silt sample gross mass m that calculating obtainsSample：
mSample=mAlways- mBucket
Silt content is calculated according to formula：
SIt is husky=γIt is husky/ VAlways× (mSample- γWater× VAlways) /(γIt is husky- γWater)
Wherein：SIt is huskyFor silt content, γIt is huskyFor the silt cumulative volume in sample bucket, γIt is huskyAnd γWaterThe respectively appearance of silt and water
Weight.
（Six）The step of selection storage water sample：To the sample bucket after accurate measurement, according to observation requirementses according to setting
It is spaced or randomly selects sample bucket and is sent into memory storage, the sample bucket quantity that control sub-device record extracts.
Sample bucket can need setting certain intervals to extract some sample buckets according to experiment, make after accurate weigh
For sample, it is put into memory and stores, to be used in analysis afterwards.Because memory span is limited, can typically select
Select annular sampling crawler belt and circle and extract one or several sample buckets.Extraction some sample buckets that can also be random, it is related wherein
Water and silt store together, to be further analyzed analysis after rainfall.The quantity of sampling should also be as sending to remote management
Center.
（Seven）The step of cleaning：The sampler barrel of not selected storage enters cleaning area along annular sampling crawler belt, and opening takes
Sample cylinder bottom valve, releases water and silt in sampler barrel, and retractable vibrations ring is clamped sampler barrel and shaken, opens and rinse pumping
The rainwater of storage is taken, shower nozzle stretches out to be cleaned to sampler barrel, and sampler barrel continues to move ahead with annular sampling crawler belt after cleaning, prepares
Next sub-sampling.
After extracting the storage of some samples, other unwanted water and silt are just outwelled, and the silt cleared up in sample bucket, with
Just next sub-sampling.
Water level in storage tank is also a highly important parameter, if not having water in storage tank, its cleaning can not
Complete, sampling work can not also be completed, and therefore, if not having water storage in storage tank, control sub-device should stop sampling.
（Eight）The step of stopping：After rainfall terminates, rainfall sensor sends the signal of rainfall stopping, and control sub-device enters
It is standby, working condition is again introduced into if continuing to rain, if several hours do not have rainfall, into resting state, if
There is sunlight appearance, then into charged state.
When rainfall stops, because runoff has hysteresis, control sub-device is not stopped, simply when preliminary survey water level
Meter, when detecting that the water level in sample bucket can not reach the water level of setting, sub-device break-off is controlled, whether wait continues to drop
Rain, if the stand-by period is longer, control sub-device is again introduced into resting state.
It is finally it should be noted that only unrestricted to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model above, although with reference to compared with
The utility model is described in detail good arrangement, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to this reality
With new technical scheme（Such as with the form of cell and with the connection of the present apparatus, the form of sample bucket, sampling process, device
Overall form etc.）Modify or equivalent substitution, without departing from the spirit and scope of technical solutions of the utility model.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of water and soil conservation value cell runoff and sediment continuous sampling measures save set, it is characterised in that including：It is arranged on
There are the sampling sub-device having at the top of shutter in the casing of water-collecting tray, measurement sub-device, sample storage sub-device, control in four sides
Device, power supply sub-device, clear up sub-device and rainfall sensor；Multiple be looped around according to water intaking situation and the ring of intermittent rotary
Sample bucket around shape sampling crawler belt, described sample bucket are connected by automatic unlocking mechanism with annular sampling crawler belt；Described
Sampling sub-device is additionally provided with the sample tap being connected with cell runoff delivery port pipeline, described sample tap one sample bucket of alignment
Suitable for reading and be provided with preliminary survey water-level gauge, described preliminary survey water-level gauge electrically connects with control sub-device, described control sub-device and band
Rotating ring shape samples the motor connection of crawler belt operation, is provided with described control sub-device and calculates the rainwater full sample bucket time
Timer and rainfall fill the metering device of sample bucket number；Described sample storage sub-device is provided with serpentine track
Sample storage area, described serpentine track starting point are located in the stop position of a sample bucket, and described serpentine track starting point is provided with
Annular storage crawler belt.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described sample bucket is that top is inverted round stage, and bottom is circle
Cylindricality, bottom are provided with valve, and column part is provided with least two fastening rings.
3. device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the round platform part of described sample bucket is provided with to match with track
The arcs of recesses fixing slot of conjunction.
4. device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described measurement sub-device includes：Under annular sampling crawler belt
Fall mechanism and the track being arranged in a sample bucket stop position, described track is provided with repetition measurement water-level gauge, ultrasonic activation
Device and weighing sensor, described sample bucket are provided with Quick Response Code, two-dimensional code reader are provided with described control sub-device.
5. device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described power supply sub-device includes, battery, described storage
Battery is connected with solar panel.
6. device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described cleaning sub-device includes：It is arranged on a sampling
Retractable vibrations ring and automatic flushing device in bucket stop position.
7. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described automatic flushing device includes：It is arranged on the casing
The water-collecting tray at top, described water-collecting tray are connected with the storage tank pipeline with filter, and described storage tank is with rinsing pump line
Road is connected, and described flushing pump is connected with being capable of the shower nozzle of automatic telescopic, and the dividing plate arranged in length and breadth is provided with the water-collecting tray.
8. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that data acquisition and storage are provided with described control sub-device
Device, and be connected by network with remote control center.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201720714637.6U CN207114261U (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2017-06-20 | A kind of water and soil conservation value cell runoff and sediment continuous sampling measures save set |
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| CN201720714637.6U CN207114261U (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2017-06-20 | A kind of water and soil conservation value cell runoff and sediment continuous sampling measures save set |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107202716A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-26 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Water and soil conservation value cell runoff and sediment continuous sampling measurement preserves system and method |
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2017
- 2017-06-20 CN CN201720714637.6U patent/CN207114261U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107202716A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-26 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Water and soil conservation value cell runoff and sediment continuous sampling measurement preserves system and method |
| CN107202716B (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2023-09-29 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | System and method for continuously sampling, measuring and preserving runoff sediment in soil and water conservation monitoring district |
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