CN207097004U - A kind of infrared fire-fighting survey meter of characteristics of human body - Google Patents
A kind of infrared fire-fighting survey meter of characteristics of human body Download PDFInfo
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- CN207097004U CN207097004U CN201720800701.2U CN201720800701U CN207097004U CN 207097004 U CN207097004 U CN 207097004U CN 201720800701 U CN201720800701 U CN 201720800701U CN 207097004 U CN207097004 U CN 207097004U
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Abstract
A kind of infrared acquisition instrument is the utility model is related to, a kind of detection device of fire-fighting is used in particular by infrared special technology.A kind of infrared fire-fighting survey meter of characteristics of human body, it is characterised in that the survey meter includes：Condition of a fire detecting module, portrait detecting module, contrast module and display module；The condition of a fire detecting module uses connected region area threshold Ostu algorithms；The portrait detecting module uses histogram of gradients feature HOG algorithms；The condition of a fire detecting module and portrait detecting module detection acquisition value are contrasted with preset value, show condition of a fire size, shows human life's sign.The utility model can realize that locking is found in the rapid seizure accurately and timely in trapped personnel and fire risk source.
Description
Technical field
A kind of infrared acquisition instrument is the utility model is related to, being used for a kind of of fire-fighting in particular by infrared special technology visits
Survey device.
Background technology
Infrared thermal imaging technique have it is simple to operate effectively, detection range far not by electromagnetic interference, can be in night smog rain
The advantages that adverse circumstances such as snow use, but because the application environment ambient noise of fire-fighting domain is complicated, be mostly high temperature, high humidity and
Smoky condition, when actually measuring, infrared thermal imaging measurement accuracy can be by the emissivity on testee surface, reflectivity, background
The influence of the factors such as radiation, atmospheric attenuation, measurement distance, environment temperature, detector sensitivity, noise characteristic.Pass through infrared heat
As instrument is rapid, accurate, timely locking trapped personnel, burning things which may cause a fire disaster and dangerous matter sources are found in seizure, the key for still having many urgent need to resolve
Technology.
1800 Christian eras, Britain astronomer Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel are found that infrared ray, infrared ray
It is a kind of electromagnetic wave, positioned at visible ray feux rouges outer end.Object all radiated IR energies more than absolute zero (- 273 DEG C), its
Include wavelength 0.7:1000 μm of infrared waves, infrared waves have very high temperature effect, and this is Infrared Thermography Technology
Basis.From the seventies in last century so far, as thermal imaging system and charge coupling device are successfully applied, infrared detector technology
Continuous development, using AGA, FLIR as infrared thermal imaging advanced technology represent, successively form Agema
ThermoVision750、FLIR Inframetrics Model 600、Agema ThermoVision 470、FLIR
The infra-red thermal imaging systems such as SC300, FLIR 600.Infrared Thermography Technology early stage is applied to military field, with World Economics
The continuous decline of the fast-developing, rapid advances of infrared technique and product cost, extensive use is also achieved in civil area.
Fire-fighting domain is the maximum commercial market of World Developed Countries thermal infrared imager, according to incompletely statistics, global at present
There are about 5,000,000 fire fighters, if each fire-fighting vehicle is equipped with a thermal imaging system, the total market size is up to 200,000[1]。
What on October 1st, 2011 implemented《Urban fire control station construction criteria》Mark 152-2011 is built, is by The Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China, MOPS
Chief editor, People's Republic of China's house and town and country construction portion and the approval of the National Development and Reform Commission of the People's Republic of China (PRC),
The common fire station rescue equipment outfit standard of detection class infrared thermal imaging system for fire protection is 1, and performance meets《Fire-fighting is with red
Outer thermal imaging system》GA/T635 requirement, realize that personnel are searched and rescued in dark, smoky condition or burning things which may cause a fire disaster is found[2].Sent out according to various regions fire-fighting
Exhibition plans that fire station quantity will surpass ten thousand in following the whole country, by taking Guangzhou and Shanghai City as an example, according to Guangzhou fire-fighting portion
There are 72 fire stations data disclosed in door 2015, the whole city, and planning the year two thousand twenty is laid out 312[3]；According to Shanghai City fire-fighting " 12
Five " planning, to the end of the year 2015, whole city public fire protection station reaches 150 or so.
The representative infra-red thermal imaging system from 1970 to 2017, volume, weight, heat sensitivity and resolution ratio
It is relatively crucial technical parameter, improvement rate change curve as depicted, under the improvement rate of volume, weight and heat sensitivity is in
Drop trend, the trend of significantly improving but is presented in image resolution ratio, and future is by with more wide development space.It is although infrared
Thermal imaging have it is simple to operate effectively, detection range far not by electromagnetic interference, can be in adverse circumstances such as night smog sleet
The advantages that use, but because thermal infrared imager is narrow-band spectrum radiation temperature measurement system, surveyed when carrying out temperature survey using it
The body surface temperature obtained, is not that direct measurement obtains, but what the radiation energy to measure was calculated.Therefore, it is actual to survey
During amount, measurement accuracy by the emissivity and reflectivity of measured surface, background radiation, atmospheric attenuation, measurement distance, environment temperature,
The influence of the factors such as detector sensitivity, noise characteristic[6].The application environment ambient noise of fire-fighting domain is complicated, be mostly high temperature,
High humidity and smoky condition, how trapped personnel or burning things which may cause a fire disaster accurately found rapidly by thermal infrared imager, still there is many to need badly
The key technology of solution.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to be directed to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind is in high temperature, high humidity and dense smoke
The rapid thermal infrared imager for accurately finding trapped personnel or burning things which may cause a fire disaster in environment.
The purpose of this utility model is realized by following technical scheme.
A kind of infrared fire-fighting survey meter of characteristics of human body, it is characterised in that the survey meter includes：Condition of a fire detecting module, portrait
Detecting module, contrast module and display module；
The condition of a fire detecting module uses connected region area threshold Ostu algorithms；
The portrait detecting module uses histogram of gradients feature HOG algorithms；
The condition of a fire detecting module and portrait detecting module detection acquisition value are contrasted with preset value, the display condition of a fire is big
It is small, show human life's sign.
Further, the connected region area threshold Ostu algorithms, are divided to pixel, make difference in class minimum really
Surely threshold is split, the threshold value determined with Ostu algorithms carries out binary conversion treatment, obtains the region of one piece of block connection in the picture, these
Region has plenty of object parts, has plenty of noise, and the white portion of each connection is regarded as a set, then to each
Set is analyzed, and is eliminated noise, is obtained the profile of object.
Further, the histogram of gradients feature HOG algorithms, feature set is formed to human body target information and movable information,
Sample image is scanned with block, scanning step is a unit, and all pieces of feature is connected to obtain the feature of human body.
Fire image is extracted
Under the fire-fighting domain application background of complexity, how fire can quickly and accurately be extracted by thermal infrared imager
Point target, it is a technical barrier for being badly in need of solving.At present, background subtraction method, frame difference method, optical flow method etc. are fire fire target ratios
More common method, but easily there is target loss or the wrong phenomenon that noise is thought to target in these methods under very noisy, give
The preventing and controlling of fire-fighting bring very big unfavorable[19]。
Fire image rim detection and contours extract are realized by the algorithm Ostu based on connected region area threshold,
Basic thought is that pixel is divided, and makes in class difference minimum by division to determine to split threshold.Determined with Ostu algorithms
Threshold value carries out binary conversion treatment, can obtain the region of one piece of block connection in the picture, these regions have plenty of object parts, had
Be then noise.Then the white portion each connection regards a set as, then each set is specifically divided
Analysis, noise is eliminated, obtains the profile of object.
Characteristics of human body describes
In fire-fighting application field, if in fire field environment, because environment temperature is high, the humanoid form in infrared video
Easily disturbed by environmental factor, can cause to be not easy to tell humanoid feature.Histogram of gradients feature HOG is that a kind of feature is retouched
Operator is stated, abundant feature can be formed to human body target information and movable information, sample image is scanned with block, is scanned
Step-length is a unit.Finally all pieces of feature is together in series, has just obtained the feature of human body.Histogram of gradients feature carries
Step is taken to can be described as：
1st, input picture is normalized, image switchs to gray-scale map；
2 and then divide the image into certain block number, referred to as cell factory；
3rd, the gradient magnitude direction of each cell factory is calculated；
4th, the gradient direction for obtaining each unit forms the characteristic vector of a picture.
All pieces of feature is together in series, has just obtained the feature of human body.
The technical program is in fire-fighting domain, and by infrared thermal imaging system for fire protection, to realize, personnel search in dark, smoky condition
Rescue or burning things which may cause a fire disaster is found.Although infrared thermal imaging technique have it is simple to operate effectively, not by electromagnetic interference detection range it is remote, can be at night
The advantages that adverse circumstances such as late smog sleet use, but the application environment background of fire-fighting domain is noise complexity mostly, is high mostly
Temperature, high humidity and smoky condition, infrared heat image instrument measuring precision is by the emissivity and reflectivity of measured surface, background radiation, air
The influence of the factors such as decay, measurement distance, environment temperature, detector sensitivity, noise characteristic, this patent by temperature correction,
The key technologies such as fire image is extracted and characteristics of human body describes, including the Ostu algorithms based on connected region area threshold
With histogram of gradients feature HOG algorithms, realize that locking is found in the rapid seizure accurately and timely in trapped personnel and fire risk source.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the infrared fire-fighting survey meter of characteristics of human body of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is thermal infrared imager radiation theory；
Fig. 3 is non-refrigeration focal surface thermal infrared imager imaging system schematic diagram block diagram；
Fig. 4 is thermal infrared imager temperature correction method schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is that the condition of a fire detects Flame rim detection and profile diagram.
Embodiment
Structure of the present utility model is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
A kind of infrared fire-fighting survey meter of characteristics of human body, including condition of a fire detecting module, portrait detecting module, contrast module and aobvious
Show module；
The condition of a fire detecting module uses connected region area threshold Ostu algorithms；
The portrait detecting module uses histogram of gradients feature HOG algorithms；
The condition of a fire detecting module and portrait detecting module detection acquisition value are contrasted with preset value, the display condition of a fire is big
It is small, show human life's sign.
The connected region area threshold Ostu algorithms, are divided to pixel, make the minimum determination segmentation of difference in class
Threshold, the threshold value determined with Ostu algorithms carry out binary conversion treatment, obtain the region of one piece of block connection in the picture, these regions have
Be object parts, have plenty of noise, white portion of each connection regarded as a set, then to each gather into
Row analysis, eliminates noise, obtains the profile of object.
The histogram of gradients feature HOG algorithms, feature set is formed to human body target information and movable information, uses block to sample
This image is scanned, and scanning step is a unit, and all pieces of feature is connected to obtain the feature of human body.
Histogram of gradients characteristic extraction step can be described as：
1. input picture is normalized, image switchs to gray-scale map；
2. and then divide the image into certain block number, referred to as cell factory；
3. calculate the gradient magnitude direction of each cell factory；
4. the gradient direction for obtaining each unit forms the characteristic vector of a picture.
To implement this patent, associated technology introduction is as follows：
The outer image technique detector of fireman's red, the selection of infrared acquisition wave band need to consider detector, target emanation,
The many factors such as atmospheric attenuation, material and cost.Infrared thermal imaging system for fire protection includes hand-held and helmet-type fire-fighting infrared thermal imagery
Instrument, it is proximity detection application, detection range more tens between 2km, based on the non-brake method for staring device grown by preferential use
Ripple detects.
Non-refrigeration focal surface infra-red thermal imaging system, with respect to refrigeration mode thermal imaging system, have without refrigeration, small volume, behaviour
Many advantages, such as making simple, high-performance and low price[8].Staring focal plane formation detector at present has substituted sweep type to detect
Device turns into the main flow of infrared imaging application.
Temperature-measurement principle, as shown in Fig. 2 thermal infrared imager radiation theory, object surface temperature such as formula (1).
f(T0')=τa[εf(T0)+(1-ε)f(Tu)]+(1-τa)f(Ta) (1)
In formula：T0--- object surface temperature；
Tu--- environment temperature；
Ta--- atmospheric temperature；
T'0--- the radiation temperature of thermal imaging system instruction；
ε --- slin emissivity；
τa--- the spectral-transmission favtor of air.
Thermal infrared imager is not direct measurement body surface temperature, but measures the infrared radiation signal of object, then right
Radiation signal is linearized, and temperature value is calculated according to measured energy meter.
Theory diagram, non-refrigeration focal surface thermal infrared imager imaging system schematic diagram block diagram are as shown in Figure 3.Non-brake method is burnt flat
Face thermal infrared imager imaging system is mainly made up of testee, optical lens, detector and monitor, key technology therein
It is image procossing.System Working Principle is to receive the infra-red radiation of testee by optical lens, infrared energy is distributed
Image reflects that onto each photosensitive member of the detector array on focal plane infrared energy is converted into electric signal by detector, warp
The signal for crossing processing forms the vision signal of standard by image procossing, and the infrared chart of testee is shown by monitor
Picture.
Temperature correction, thermal infrared imager temperature correction technology are the temperature and thermal infrared imager numeral according to reference blackbody source
Relation between output, it is established that thermal imaging system exports and temperature curve, and the Temperature Scaling interval in reference blackbody source is smaller, that is, demarcates
Point it is more, then temperature survey is more accurate.Fan Chunli, Sun Lianjun, Sun Xuejin etc. are to detector temperature to Uncooled infrared camera
Thermometric influences to have done numerous studies, it is believed that for Uncooled infrared camera, the shadow of the temperature drift of detector to thermometric
Sound is very big.
As shown in figure 4, thermal infrared imager temperature correction method.The calibration of thermal imaging system using standard blackbody as radiation source,
With the radiation temperature output of its radiation conversion of infrared heat image instrument measuring, the distance of thermal infrared imager and diaphragm is greater than camera lens Jiao
Away from use scaled distance as near as possible.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of infrared fire-fighting survey meter of characteristics of human body, it is characterised in that the survey meter includes：Condition of a fire detecting module, portrait are visited
Survey module, contrast module and display module；
The condition of a fire detecting module uses connected region area threshold Ostu algorithms；
The portrait detecting module uses histogram of gradients feature HOG algorithms；
The condition of a fire detecting module and portrait detecting module detection acquisition value are contrasted with preset value, show condition of a fire size,
Show human life's sign.
2. infrared fire-fighting survey meter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the connected region area threshold Ostu is calculated
Method, pixel is divided, the minimum determination segmentation threshold of difference, the threshold value determined with Ostu algorithms in class is carried out at binaryzation
Reason, the region of one piece of block connection is obtained in the picture, these regions have plenty of object parts, have plenty of noise, each is connected
Logical white portion regards a set as, then each set is analyzed, and eliminates noise, obtains the profile of object.
3. infrared fire-fighting survey meter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the histogram of gradients feature HOG algorithms, it is right
Human body target information and movable information form feature set, and sample image is scanned with block, and scanning step is a unit, will
All pieces of feature connects to obtain the feature of human body.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109360370A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-19 | 广州高新兴机器人有限公司 | A method of it is detected based on robot pyrotechnics |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109360370A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-19 | 广州高新兴机器人有限公司 | A method of it is detected based on robot pyrotechnics |
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